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Modern medicine has used senna extracts since at least the 1950s as a laxative. If accidentally ingested by infants, it can cause side effects such as severe diaper rash. The active ingredients are several
964:
Hietala, P; Marvola, M; Parviainen, T; Lainonen, H (August 1987), "Laxative potency and acute toxicity of some anthraquinone derivatives, senna extracts and fractions of senna extracts",
445:
in Egypt was the main trade port in past times. The fruits and leaves were transported from Nubia and Sudan and other places to
Alexandria, then from it and across the
868:
Spiller, Ha; Winter, Ml; Weber, Ja; Krenzelok, Ep; Anderson, Dl; Ryan, Ml (May 2003), "Skin breakdown and blisters from senna-containing laxatives in young children",
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920:"Safety and efficacy of a bulk laxative containing senna versus lactulose in the treatment of chronic constipation in geriatric patients"
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344:. These leaves form complex, feathery, mutual pairs. The leaflets vary from 4 to 6 pairs, fully edged, with a sharp top. The
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When cultivated as medicinal herb, the plants are cut down semi-annually, dried in the sun, stripped and packed in
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plant that reaches 0.5–1 metres (20" to 40"), rarely two metres (6') in height with a branched, pale-green erect
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adjective denoting tools, utensils and medical compounds—is written with an initial upper-case letter, unlike
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Botanic
Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) & IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2019).
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Duncan, As (February 1957), "Standardized Senna as a
Laxative in the Puerperium",
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312:), where it is cultivated commercially. It is also grown elsewhere, notably in
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Medicinal plants & Aromatic plants - Its chemistry-production-benefits
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784:. Duke, James A., 1929- (2nd ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press.
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are horned, broadly oblong, compressed and flat and contain about six
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Kinnunen, O; Winblad, I; Koistinen, P; Salokannel, J (October 1993),
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1054:/ تاليف محمد السيد هيكل ، عبد الله عبد الرزاق عمر. منشاة المعارف ]
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International Legume
Database & Information Service (ILDIS)
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Lemli, J (November 1995), "Mechanism of action of sennosides",
1052:النباتات الطبية والعطرية : كيمياؤها ، انتاجها ، فوائدها
402:
in senna provides a significant source of income for the
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359:, big in size, coloured yellow that tends to brown. Its
1044:
el Sayid Haykal, Mohamed & Abd Razik Omar, Abdalluh
1071:. Version 10.01, November 2005. Retrieved 2007-DEC-20.
738:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 49.
1113:
422:
Egyptian senna, Tinnevelly senna, East Indian senna
348:are equally divided at the base of the leaflets.
736:Handbook of LEGUMES of World Economic Importance
641:which interact with immune cells in the colon.
8:
1008:Bulletin de l'Académie Nationale de Médecine
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621:was used in the form of senna pods, or as
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1079:Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden
651:List of herbs with known adverse effects
662:
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1050:(2nd ed.). Dar el Maaref, Alexandria.
7:
775:
773:
712:National Parks Flora & Fauna Web
386:to Essouan and Darao, then down the
1469:IUCN Red List least concern species
681:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
271:
265:
259:
978:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1987.tb01794.x
382:-leaf bags. They are then sent on
14:
1400:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518323-1
1077:(1982): The American Cassiinae.
75:
1075:Irwin, H.S. & Barneby, R.C.
472:term for this plant, and hence
1484:Flora of the Arabian Peninsula
420:is also known under the names
340:bearing four or five pairs of
1:
966:Pharmacology & Toxicology
870:The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
296:. It grows natively in upper
460:Though it might look like a
1499:Taxa named by Philip Miller
782:Handbook of medicinal herbs
625:made from the leaves, as a
1515:
764:Plainfield Garden Club org
1095:Senna alexandrina profile
237:§ Names and taxonomy
233:
226:
209:
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72:Scientific classification
70:
48:
39:
30:
23:
708:"Senna alexandrina Mill"
815:British Medical Journal
780:Duke, James A. (2002).
688:: e.T19375516A149051614
328:Alexandrian Senna is a
827:10.1136/bmj.1.5016.439
629:. It also serves as a
559:Chamaecrista desvauxii
433:It received the names
760:"Cassia angustifolia"
351:The flowers are in a
930:(Suppl 1): 253–255,
734:Duke, James (2012).
300:, especially in the
513:Cassia angustifolia
336:and long spreading
195:S. alexandrina
42:Conservation status
604:Senna angustifolia
505:Cassia alexandrina
466:Cassia Officinalis
429:séné de la palthe.
413:Names and taxonomy
1456:
1455:
1356:Open Tree of Life
1182:senna-alexandrina
1145:Senna alexandrina
1115:Senna alexandrina
1107:Taxon identifiers
936:10.1159/000139866
882:10.1345/aph.1C439
674:Senna alexandrina
619:Senna alexandrina
608:
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596:Senna alexandrina
592:
584:
574:
556:
538:
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523:Cassia lanceolata
519:
509:
508:(Garsault) Thell.
501:
497:Cassia acutifolia
482:specific epithets
447:Mediterranean sea
435:Alexandrian senna
418:Senna alexandrina
304:region, and near
252:Alexandrian senna
247:Senna alexandrina
243:
242:
213:Senna alexandrina
65:
25:Senna alexandrina
16:Species of legume
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588:Senna acutifolia
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557:is a synonym of
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539:is a synonym of
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468:is actually the
292:. It is used in
281:ornamental plant
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171:Caesalpinioideae
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724:ILDIS (2005)
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690:. Retrieved
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607:(Vahl) Batka
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578:Cassia senna
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1278:iNaturalist
1139:Wikispecies
474:Officinalis
394:or else to
324:Description
167:Subfamily:
115:Angiosperms
1463:Categories
1369:Plant List
657:References
623:herbal tea
563:mollissima
470:apothecary
443:Alexandria
235:Many, see
1494:Subshrubs
1234:242414344
1020:0001-4079
986:0901-9928
944:0031-7012
890:1060-0280
835:0007-1447
631:fungicide
355:interior
294:herbalism
189:Species:
85:Kingdom:
1413:13032839
1408:Tropicos
1374:ild-1115
1335:19375516
1309:10177787
1296:518323-1
1124:Wikidata
1060:(2005):
1046:(1993):
906:31837142
898:12708936
853:13396280
800:48876592
645:See also
627:laxative
599:Garsault
488:Synonyms
441:because
357:blossoms
338:branches
306:Khartoum
279:) is an
275:and see
228:Synonyms
161:Fabaceae
157:Family:
128:Eudicots
62:IUCN 3.1
1257:2958032
1130:Q132675
1084:: 1-918
1062:Genera
1028:8717178
994:3671329
952:8234438
844:1974525
547:sophera
526:Collad.
517:M. Vahl
424:or the
404:nomadic
398:ports.
396:Red Sea
346:midribs
330:shrubby
318:Somalia
283:in the
177:Genus:
151:Fabales
147:Order:
89:Plantae
60: (
1423:475940
1420:uBio:
1382:PLANTS
1361:822192
1322:505142
1270:100067
1244:SENALE
1241:FoIO:
1208:418313
1177:ARKive
1169:154391
1156:147882
1153:APDB:
1064:Cassia
1026:
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788:
742:
692:30 May
573:Bisch.
500:Delile
451:Europe
426:French
407:Ababda
384:camels
361:legume
353:raceme
342:leaves
302:Nubian
272:سنامكي
256:Arabic
141:Rosids
1430:WoI:
1387:SEAL5
1348:72402
1304:IRMNG
1283:52349
1221:CASSE
1195:4WP77
1068:Senna
902:S2CID
582:Linn.
561:var.
555:Pers.
545:var.
478:Latin
476:—the
400:Trade
392:Cairo
368:seeds
364:fruit
314:India
310:Sudan
298:Egypt
289:Senna
285:genus
277:below
254:, in
220:Mill.
182:Senna
135:Clade
122:Clade
109:Clade
96:Clade
1433:2659
1395:POWO
1343:NCBI
1330:IUCN
1317:ITIS
1291:IPNI
1265:GRIN
1252:GBIF
1216:EPPO
1164:APNI
1066:and
1024:PMID
1016:ISSN
990:PMID
982:ISSN
948:PMID
940:ISSN
894:PMID
886:ISSN
849:PMID
831:ISSN
796:OCLC
786:ISBN
740:ISBN
694:2022
686:2019
537:Link
455:Asia
437:and
388:Nile
380:palm
374:Uses
334:stem
316:and
266:عشرق
260:عشرج
1441:WFO
1229:FNA
1203:EoL
1190:CoL
1012:179
974:doi
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839:PMC
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449:to
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269:or
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