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bred true in the following years. The Seney Canada goose breeding population had multiplied to 3,000 birds by 1956, and continued to expand thereafter even after local hunting was re-legalized. The Seney
National Wildlife Refuge's Canada goose project is considered to have been one of the key
344:(CCC) rebuilt, restored, and expanded the wetland drains, this time for active wetlands management purposes. These CCC ponds and drains are still used by the wetlands managers that staff the current National Wildlife Refuge. The Seney National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1935.
375:
area within the Refuge and were fed. It was hoped that they would produce a crop of goslings that would establish a migratory pattern of behavior and voluntarily return to the Refuge. The goslings were banded so that if they returned, the Refuge's small staff would know it.
368:(legal and illegal) had reduced the North American population of free-flying Canada geese to a trickle of birds who avoided human beings as much as possible. One of the priorities of the new Seney NWR was to establish a refuge for free-flying Canada geese.
1862:
440:
through a
Management Plan. The USFWS has final oversight at Whitefish Point. On August 30, 2012, the USFWS added 19.85 acres (8.03 ha) acres and more than 1,000 feet (300 m) of Lake Superior shoreline as critical
316:
ecosystem, characterized by rapid glacial meltoff from an exposed sandy plain. The friable sand, exposed to the weather, was sculpted by wind and water into parallel strips of dune highland and wetland.
312:, designated by federal law as the Seney Wilderness, includes the Strangmoor Bog National Natural Landmark. The Strangmoor Bog was landmarked as being the best surviving example in the 48 states of a
758:
1855:
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was apparently continuing in the geese wintering grounds and on the flyways. Meanwhile, the parent population of wing-clipped Canada geese diminished between 1936 and 1945 from 300 to 45.
337:
for farmland. The drainage was a failure and left the wetland criss-crossed with canals, ditches, and drainage ponds. Much of the property was then abandoned for unpaid property taxes.
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In
January 1936, during the first winter of the Seney Refuge's operation, the refuge trucked in 300 pinioned Canada geese. These flightless geese were given a fenced-in
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to the USFWS to form the
Whitefish Point Unit of the Seney NWR. The USFWS shares governance of the former light station with the Michigan Audubon Society and the
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Every year a shrinking crop of Canada goslings was hatched and flew south for the winter, but few or none returned in the following spring to Seney.
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403:, administrator of the Seney National Wildlife Refuge, was reporting that the refuge hosted approximately 88,000 visitors annually.
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March, 1946 saw the first significant return of sixteen banded, free-flying Canada geese. This tiny
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The
Whitefish Point Unit on Lake Superior in the eastern Upper Peninsula of Michigan, where the
296:. On the western side of the National Wildlife Refuge, a parcel is officially designated as a
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38:
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also live in the refuge. 211 separate species of birds have been logged at Seney, including
1497:
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333:. After its forests were heavily exploited in 1880–1910, promoters attempted to drain the
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programs in re-establishing the Canada goose as a major wetland bird of North
America.
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Seney NWR acts as the administrative unit for the following other refuges:
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When the Seney
National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1935, the
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639:
325:
The Seney
National Wildlife Refuge is built upon the remains of the
189:
351:
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217:. It has an area of 95,212 acres (385 km). It is bordered by
529:
583:"Human use/natural resource management plan for Whitefish Point"
558:"Seney National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan"
372:
273:
269:
1844:
658:
612:"Roosevelt's Tree Army: Michigan's Civilian Conservation Corps"
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is oriented towards maintaining living space for bird life,
649:
645:
Whitefish Point Unit of Seney
National Wildlife Refuge
72:
464:"National Wildlife Refuges - Acres by State and Unit"
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conducts research on migrating birds. In 1998, the
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528:. Whitefish Point Bird Observatory. Archived from
364:was a threatened species. Widespread, year-round
414:/Huron National Wildlife Refuge in Lake Superior.
329:, a perched sand wetland located in the central
2191:Protected areas of Schoolcraft County, Michigan
1872:National Wildlife Refuges of the United States
1856:
670:
588:. Michigan Land Use Institute. Archived from
340:During the 1930s, work crews employed by the
8:
300:with an area of 25,150 acres (102 km).
432:transferred 33 acres (13 ha) from the
54:understorey. Seney National Wildlife Refuge
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1841:
1070:
906:Kirtlands Warbler Wildlife Management Area
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677:
663:
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18:
2221:Landforms of Schoolcraft County, Michigan
419:Michigan Islands National Wildlife Refuge
1829:Michigan Department of Natural Resources
1047:Saint Helena Island National Scenic Area
438:Great Lakes Shipwreck Historical Society
16:Protected area in Schoolcraft County, MI
2206:Civilian Conservation Corps in Michigan
610:Rosentreter, Roger L. (May–June 1986).
565:United States Fish and Wildlife Service
455:
2181:National Natural Landmarks in Michigan
2186:National Wildlife Refuges in Michigan
1052:Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary
1042:Grand Island National Recreation Area
511:
7:
1802:
1766:Ralph A. MacMullan Conference Center
916:Michigan Wetland Management District
90:
31:IV (habitat/species management area)
2196:Protected areas established in 1935
526:"Whitefish Point Land Preservation"
524:Janisch, Tony (September 7, 2012).
487:
225:. The nearest town of any size is
1037:Father Marquette National Memorial
499:
417:The Lake Michigan division of the
156:95,264.66 acres (385.5224 km)
14:
229:. The refuge contains the Seney
2201:Important Bird Areas of Michigan
1801:
1789:
1788:
1756:Michigan Islands Wilderness Area
1473:Watkins Lake and County Preserve
650:Whitefish Point Bird Observatory
445:habitat to Whitefish Point unit.
426:Whitefish Point Bird Observatory
71:
64:
37:
2211:1935 establishments in Michigan
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104:
845:Waterloo State Recreation Area
640:Seney National Wildlife Refuge
469:. US Fish and Wildlife Service
401:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
199:Seney National Wildlife Refuge
190:Seney National Wildlife Refuge
180:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
22:Seney National Wildlife Refuge
1:
805:Haven Hill State Natural Area
700:State game and wildlife areas
434:Whitefish Point Light Station
244:Birds, animals and wilderness
1183:Fred Meijer White Pine Trail
96:Schoolcraft County, Michigan
2150:U.S. Minor Outlying Islands
820:Roscommon Virgin Pine Stand
795:Dukes Research Natural Area
686:Protected areas of Michigan
342:Civilian Conservation Corps
2237:
1004:Sturgeon (Houghton County)
1878:
1783:
692:
556:Casselman, Tracy (2009).
430:United States Coast Guard
238:National Natural Landmark
59:
36:
26:
1771:Wagner Falls Scenic Site
1263:Laughing Whitefish Falls
314:sub-arctic patterned bog
308:The Seney NWR's western
250:National Wildlife Refuge
1746:Agate Falls Scenic Site
999:Sturgeon (Delta County)
840:Warren Woods State Park
240:within its boundaries.
1751:Bond Falls Scenic Site
936:Wild and Scenic Rivers
357:
327:Great Manistique Swamp
1029:Other Protected Areas
800:Grand Mere State Park
790:Au Sable State Forest
355:
2216:Wetlands of Michigan
1672:Underwater Preserves
1173:Fort Michilimackinac
696:Important Bird Areas
581:Lively, Jim (2002).
2155:U.S. Virgin Islands
1720:Straits of Mackinac
1488:William G. Milliken
1378:Sanilac Petroglyphs
1368:Porcupine Mountains
1203:Hart–Montague Trail
815:Porcupine Mountains
772:Sleeping Bear Dunes
532:on January 13, 2013
176:Governing body
133: /
51:Pteridium aquilinum
1715:Southwest Michigan
1690:Grand Traverse Bay
1403:South Higgins Lake
1333:North Higgins Lake
1168:Fisherman's Island
1128:Cambridge Junction
488:Rosentreter (1986)
358:
207:Schoolcraft County
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1433:Thompson's Harbor
1423:Tahquamenon Falls
1298:Meridian-Baseline
1083:Albert E. Sleeper
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137:46.250°N 86.100°W
106:Nearest city
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2176:IUCN Category IV
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1507:Recreation Areas
1313:Muskallonge Lake
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911:Michigan Islands
883:Wildlife Refuges
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617:Michigan History
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595:on July 19, 2011
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80:Location within
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1730:Whitefish Point
1700:Manitou Passage
1685:De Tour Passage
1666:
1623:
1569:Metamora-Hadley
1564:Menominee River
1502:
1453:Van Buren Trail
1408:Wm. C. Sterling
1383:Saugatuck Dunes
1278:Mackinac Island
1253:Lakelands Trail
1243:Kal-Haven Trail
1223:P.J. Hoffmaster
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310:wilderness area
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290:sandhill cranes
282:trumpeter swans
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231:Wilderness Area
227:Seney, Michigan
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142:46.250; -86.100
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2135:American Samoa
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767:Pictured Rocks
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2023:New Hampshire
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1761:Ocqueoc Falls
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500:Lively (2002)
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443:piping plover
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412:Huron Islands
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201:is a managed
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100:United States
97:
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82:United States
67:
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48:forest, with
47:
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40:
35:
30:
29:IUCN category
25:
20:
2083:South Dakota
2073:Rhode Island
2068:Pennsylvania
2048:North Dakota
1827:
1822:Grand Rapids
1820:
1813:
1806:
1793:
1584:Pontiac Lake
1468:Warren Woods
1463:Warren Dunes
1308:Wm. Mitchell
1248:Lake Gogebic
1178:Fort Wilkins
994:Presque Isle
920:
835:Toumey Woods
830:Tobico Marsh
824:
810:Newton Woods
742:River Raisin
621:. Retrieved
615:
597:. Retrieved
590:the original
568:. Retrieved
534:. Retrieved
530:the original
519:
507:
502:, pp. 10-11.
495:
483:
471:. Retrieved
458:
405:
398:
385:
378:
370:
362:Canada goose
359:
356:Canada goose
348:Canada geese
339:
326:
324:
307:
294:common loons
254:river otters
247:
234:
198:
196:
49:
43:
2145:Puerto Rico
1998:Mississippi
1913:Connecticut
1614:W.C. Wetzel
1594:Rifle River
1559:Lime Island
1554:Lake Hudson
1549:Island Lake
1529:Fort Custer
1428:Tawas Point
1393:Silver Lake
1388:Seven Lakes
1353:Otsego Lake
1348:Old Mission
1288:F.J. McLain
1238:Interlochen
1233:Indian Lake
1198:Harrisville
1188:Grand Haven
1009:Tahquamenon
747:Battlefield
725:Isle Royale
623:December 3,
599:January 20,
570:January 30,
473:6 September
278:bald eagles
266:black bears
161:Established
140: /
116:Coordinates
2170:Categories
2113:Washington
2033:New Mexico
2028:New Jersey
1903:California
1725:Thumb Area
1589:Proud Lake
1574:Ortonville
1519:Bass River
1483:Wilderness
1478:J.W. Wells
1443:Twin Lakes
1358:Palms Book
1303:Mill Creek
1218:P.H. Hoeft
1213:W.J. Hayes
1193:Grand Mere
1153:Dodge No.4
1148:Craig Lake
1138:Clear Lake
1108:Belle Isle
1019:Yellow Dog
949:Bear Creek
926:Shiawassee
759:Lakeshores
735:Historical
694:See also:
549:References
536:October 1,
298:wilderness
211:U.S. state
2123:Wisconsin
2088:Tennessee
1993:Minnesota
1968:Louisiana
1705:Marquette
1604:Tippy Dam
1458:Van Riper
1448:Van Buren
1273:Ludington
1158:Duck Lake
1133:Cheboygan
1123:Burt Lake
1014:Whitefish
974:Ontonagon
782:Landmarks
2108:Virginia
2058:Oklahoma
2038:New York
2013:Nebraska
2003:Missouri
1988:Michigan
1978:Maryland
1963:Kentucky
1943:Illinois
1918:Delaware
1908:Colorado
1898:Arkansas
1795:Category
1695:Keweenaw
1657:Mackinaw
1637:Au Sable
1609:Waterloo
1599:Rockport
1579:Pinckney
1534:Highland
1524:Brighton
1363:Petoskey
1323:Negwegon
1318:Muskegon
1268:Leelanau
1258:Lakeport
1103:Bay City
969:Manistee
944:Au Sable
863:Hiawatha
730:Keweenaw
708:National
381:Poaching
233:and the
215:Michigan
92:Location
2128:Wyoming
2103:Vermont
2008:Montana
1948:Indiana
1928:Georgia
1923:Florida
1893:Arizona
1883:Alabama
1815:Detroit
1808:Commons
1629:Forests
1413:Straits
1328:Newaygo
1283:Maybury
1228:Holland
1163:Fayette
1118:Brimley
1113:Bewabic
1088:Algonac
855:Forests
514:, p. 7.
366:hunting
321:History
258:beavers
209:in the
203:wetland
186:Website
166: (
128:86°06′W
125:46°15′N
2063:Oregon
2018:Nevada
1958:Kansas
1933:Hawaii
1888:Alaska
1800:
1787:
1493:Wilson
1338:Onaway
1098:Baraga
964:Indian
873:Ottawa
292:, and
286:osprey
270:wolves
2093:Texas
1973:Maine
1938:Idaho
1739:Other
1680:Alger
1544:Ionia
1539:Holly
1498:Young
1093:Aloha
1075:Parks
1066:State
979:Paint
954:Black
921:Seney
901:Huron
717:Parks
593:(PDF)
586:(PDF)
561:(PDF)
467:(PDF)
450:Notes
395:Today
388:flock
335:swamp
274:ducks
262:moose
2140:Guam
2098:Utah
2053:Ohio
1953:Iowa
989:Pine
959:Carp
698:and
625:2007
601:2011
572:2011
538:2012
475:2016
410:The
373:pond
268:and
223:M-77
221:and
219:M-28
197:The
168:1935
164:1935
153:Area
213:of
205:in
2172::
614:.
563:.
288:,
284:,
280:,
276:,
264:,
260:,
256:,
98:,
1864:e
1857:t
1850:v
749:)
745:(
737:)
733:(
678:e
671:t
664:v
627:.
603:.
574:.
540:.
490:.
477:.
421:.
170:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
