188:
33:
4118:
714:
283:
46:
699:
1455:, each plant capable of producing 25,000 or more seeds (1,700 seeds per plant are more likely) with three generations of the plant per year; seeds that are widely dispersed by the wind, have been identified as a contaminant of cereal and vegetable seeds and a poison to some livestock; there is some inspiration to understand the growth stages and determine some control methods.
1475:
from growing in gardens and planting fields; cultivate to a depth of 2 inches (51 mm). The plant does prefer to take root in disturbed soils, so cultivation rids new plants but also buries and stirs up new seeds so the cultivation needs to be repeated at 14-day intervals. Seeds can still mature
1513:
survived and actually used more of the available soil nutrients. The cinnabar moth eats groundsel between June and August, but the seeds germinate and the plant grows as soon as the ground is warm enough (and after a warm rain), making this an insufficient control almost everywhere groundsel can be
1282:
in the 17th century. More current information is contradictory about the dangers of the ingestion of groundsel. A heavily referenced paper from 1989 suggests that the response is immediate and gives pre-ambulatory care recommendations. A Canadian poisonous plants information database references a
685:
is a frost-resistant deciduous annual plant that grows in disturbed sites, waste places, roadsides, gardens, nurseries, orchards, vineyards, landscaped areas, agricultural lands, at altitudes up to 1,600 feet (500 m) and is, additionally, self-pollinating producing 1,700 seeds per plant with
1476:
even when the plant has been killed; seed from plants cut in flower had germination levels of 35%. Groundsel seed numbers increased in soil during a two-year set-aside left fallow but not when there was a sown grass cover. The weed cannot live on grazed, trampled or mowed sites.
4238:
573:
in
English include old-man-in-the-spring, common groundsel, groundsel, ragwort, grimsel, grinsel, grundsel, simson, birdseed, chickenweed, old-man-of-the-spring, squaw weed, grundy swallow, ground glutton and common
350:
lobed and +2.4 inches (61 mm) long and 1 inch (25 mm) wide, smaller towards the top of the plant. Leaves are sparsely covered with soft, smooth, fine hairs. Lobes typically sharp to rounded saw-toothed.
3175:
426:(an old man), in reference to its downy head of seeds; "the flower of this herb hath white hair and when the wind bloweth it away, then it appeareth like a bald-headed man" and like its family, flowers of
1443:
is not known to be a strong competitor but it has been known to reduce mint production. There is evidence that it is not a strong invasive and sometimes protective of critically endangered native plants.
4129:
3299:
1219:; much of the contradiction can be found by closely reviewing the words that are used and the dose (amount) of the poisonous substance that is ingested to prove either claim. All species of the genus
1951:
Kim, M.; Cui, M.-L.; Cubas, P.; Gillies, A.; Lee, K.; Chapman, M. A.; Abbott, R. J.; Coen, E. (2008). "Regulatory Genes
Control a Key Morphological and Ecological Trait Transferred Between Species".
686:
three generations per year. Seeds are dispersed by wind and also cling to clothing and animal fur, and as contaminates of commercially exchanged seeds; the distribution of this plant throughout the
446:
speeds of 6.8 and 10.2 mph (10.9 and 16.4 km/h) respectively (affected by plant height), suggesting that it was more than wind that spread these groundsel seeds throughout the world.
3200:
2040:
1283:
paper from 1990 in presenting this prenatal warning: "In a case of prenatal exposure, a mother ingested tea containing an estimated 0.343 milligram of senecionine, resulting in fatal
4254:
4167:
3868:
The effects of temperature on the yield of in vivo modulated chlorophyll fluorescence were measured in intact leaves of atrazineresistant and -susceptible biotypes of the weed
3884:
3823:
3109:
2375:
4795:
4006:
3888:
2680:
2770:
5004:
4870:
4430:
3294:
2308:
453:
success before drying and storage and an 87% germination success after drying and 3 years of cool dry storage. In simple models for seed emergence prediction,
3698:
2627:
1922:
3139:
4365:
3204:
2647:
2150:
Milt McGiffen; Kurt Spokas; Frank
Forcella; David Archer; Steven Poppe & Rodrigo Figueroa (March 2007). "Emergence Prediction of Common Groundsel (
4720:
3534:
1685:
4821:
4746:
4380:
4198:
3943:
3518:
3454:
3057:
2513:
2485:
2460:
2448:
2428:
2277:
2268:
1661:
623:
619:
611:
587:
1838:
4978:
4906:
3045:
2420:
1736:
591:
217:
2713:
3023:
442:
and become sticky when wet. Laboratory tests have suggested maximum seed scattering distances of 4.2 and 4.6 yd (3.8 and 4.2 m) at
5169:
4140:
3776:
2342:
1918:
4611:
3664:
3754:
1778:
2811:
2607:
5154:
5149:
4888:
4645:
4606:
4202:
5164:
4250:
3489:
2404:
2243:
2235:
1720:
3838:
3633:
630:
calls it "probably introduced" to areas north of Mexico. Individual research groups claim it is not native to areas they oversee:
5139:
5096:
4733:
1400:(example: 50 pounds (23 kg) would need to be consumed by a cow weighing 700 pounds (318 kg)). Lesser amounts cause the
1238:
Common groundsel as a medicinal herb does not seem to have been recommended very often since 1931, when it was recommended as a
4782:
4018:
3080:
2766:
2709:
655:
4121:
3522:
5144:
5040:
3847:
3163:
2072:
O.W. Archibold; L. Wagner (2005-01-03). "Volunteer vascular plant establishment on roofs at the
University of Saskatchewan".
1681:
4957:
4155:
3264:
586:
is considered to be native to Europe, northern Asia, and parts of North Africa. Its further distribution is less clear. The
5055:
4826:
3009:
2517:
5159:
4857:
3579:
2826:
2464:
2273:
1340:(Mrs. Penfold)…and she told her how to cure her. The doctor came late in the day, and Lucy was running around; there was
2688:
2976:
2782:
4808:
4547:
4270:
2574:
1111:
4450:
2395:. The Peterson Field Guide Series. Illustrations by Charles L. Ripper. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. pp.
5045:
4991:
3767:
2114:
1404:
to lose function but is not apparent until the animal is stressed (by new feed or location, pregnancy, a different
1337:
227:
4875:
4320:
3706:
3624:
J. Frantzen & P. E. Hatcher (2004-11-24). "A fresh view on the control of the annual plant
Senecio vulgaris".
5129:
3159:
1448:
1009:
607:
439:
355:
2044:
45:
5134:
4911:
3400:
2676:
1930:
4996:
3208:
1089:
4697:
3852:
2854:; T. Hartmann & R. F. Chapman (March 2004). "Gustatory responsiveness to pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the
2823:
2742:
454:
4702:
4676:
4057:
L. E. Carroll; I. M. White; A. Freidberg; A. L. Norrbom; M. J. Dallwitz & F. C. Thompson (2005-07-15).
4033:
L. E. Carroll; I. M. White; A. Freidberg; A. L. Norrbom; M. J. Dallwitz & F. C. Thompson (2005-07-15).
3981:
L. E. Carroll; I. M. White; A. Freidberg; A. L. Norrbom; M. J. Dallwitz & F. C. Thompson (2005-07-15).
2549:
1336:
that when the doctor called in the morning he said Lucy would be dead by 5 o’clock. Mrs. House went to the
4671:
4572:
4470:
4282:
3843:
L.: Effects of High and Low
Temperatures on the in vivo Photosynthetic Electron Transfer in Intact Leaves"
2738:
2545:
1284:
905:
791:
658:
reports that common groundsel is exotic to all 50 states and all
Canadian provinces with the exception of
627:
480:
4296:
3443:"Comparison of hepatic in vitro metabolism of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid senecionine in sheep and cattle"
4446:
3817:
3702:
3576:
3560:
2851:
2118:
2052:
1305:
857:
162:
4751:
4508:
4391:
4186:
3343:
Prakash AS; Pereira TN; Reilly PE; Seawright AA (1999-07-15). "Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in human diet".
2259:
4407:
3811:
L. biotypes were developed by making reciprocal crosses between susceptible and resistant biotypes....
3378:
3049:
449:
The average weight of 1000 seeds is 0.21 gram (2,200,000 seeds per pound) and experienced a 100%
342:), alternating in direction along the length of the plant, two rounded lobes at the base of the stem (
5101:
4898:
4619:
3260:
3015:
3005:
2906:
2875:
1960:
1846:
1432:
1263:
865:
659:
1871:
187:
2717:
2467:, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
2341:
Dr. Alice B. Russell, Department of
Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University (1997).
2189:
Rodrigo
Figueroa; Douglas Doohan; John Cardina & Kent Harrison (July 2006). "Common Groundsel (
1308:
quotes a 1991 account of the use of groundsel as a highly effective purge in the
English county of
1050:
936:
4849:
4689:
5083:
4684:
4598:
3930:
3645:
3408:
2887:
2210:
2171:
1984:
1179:
635:
335:
203:
40:
5065:
4983:
3229:
2396:
2390:
2354:
1740:
32:
4800:
713:
4932:
4580:
4098:
3878:
3856:
3798:
3676:
3564:
3468:
3360:
3233:
3103:
3019:
2400:
2369:
2239:
2231:
2015:
1976:
1774:
1716:
1588:
1575:
1345:
1333:
1287:
in a newborn infant." Information about the pyrrolizidine alkaloids, the substance present in
1279:
943:
776:
751:
4358:
4218:
3673:) at a Range of Nutrient Concentrations II. Uptake of N, P and K and Shoot-Root Interactions"
2651:
5124:
4937:
4117:
3922:
3788:
3780:
3763:
Parental and Nearly Isonuclear Backcrossed Biotypes Is Correlated with Reduced Productivity"
3637:
3458:
3352:
2879:
2830:
2202:
2163:
2085:
1968:
647:
626:
states that the species has been introduced to the 50 United States, and the online journal
339:
310:
263:
4774:
4343:
3081:
C. A. Wilen, University of California, Integrated Pest Management Program, San Diego County
5075:
4919:
1523:
1063:
1033:
1014:
741:
737:
550:
528:
465:
354:
The hollow stems branch at the tops and from the base. Stems and leaves can both host the
282:
271:
252:
83:
3497:
3127:
5009:
4519:
3084:
2948:
2312:
1964:
698:
4970:
4965:
4663:
3793:
3758:
1377:
1183:
1154:
1044:
993:
817:
702:
476:
The root system consists of a shallow taproot. This plant spreads by reseeding itself.
443:
70:
3728:
3356:
2578:
2089:
1423:. The alkaloids responsible are not destroyed by drying or by fermentation in silage.
5118:
1988:
1498:
1488:
1468:
1357:
1294:
Certain pyrrolizidine alkaloids are non-toxic precursors that are converted to toxic
1224:
1083:
989:
929:
875:
807:
784:
717:
667:
595:
512:
297:
178:
4225:. Statewide IPM Program, Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California
3934:
3649:
3538:
3431:, pub. Oxford University Press 1995 ISBN 0-19-280053-1 entry 'Groundsel' pps. 163-4.
3091:. Statewide IPM Program, Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California
2891:
2883:
2214:
2175:
406:, which is the result of cross pollination with the closely related Oxford ragwort,
5088:
4738:
4585:
4305:
Calflora: Information on California plants for education, research and conservation
3727:
EWRS Working Group "Weed Management Systems in Vegetables", University of Perugia.
1708:
1650:
1493:
1419:
and are able to consume twice their body weight of this and other species of genus
1321:
1299:
1259:
1255:
1175:
1148:
1137:
1068:
1055:
1026:
643:
615:
396:
at the base of the inflorescence as is characteristic of many members of the genus
260:
4552:
3179:
4539:
4171:
3523:"Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Critical Habitat Designation for
1558:
and all other non-grass crops. There is also evidence that the plant develops an
962:
The ragwort flea beetle and ragwort seed fly have been approved and released for
5032:
4862:
4844:
4836:
4759:
4502:
3599:
2011:
1626:
1397:
1393:
1341:
1271:
1239:
1228:
1132:
1126:
1105:
1094:
985:
950:
922:
852:
787:
767:
450:
370:
267:
4058:
4034:
3982:
4947:
4529:
3926:
3641:
3463:
3442:
1598:
1594:
1551:
1464:
1317:
1295:
1003:
967:
870:
827:
733:
504:
343:
287:
256:
129:
4650:
4493:
296:
is an erect herbaceous annual growing up to 16 inches (41 cm) tall. The
4658:
4632:
2984:
1972:
1622:
1609:
1571:
1539:
1216:
1212:
1187:
1079:
897:
755:
639:
603:
461:
119:
4813:
4102:
3802:
3472:
3364:
2230:
Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants". Cambridge University Press.
1980:
1808:
1258:, which was a demotion as it was previously suggested for the expelling of
5022:
2920:. X International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds. pp. 67–79
2206:
1505:) have both been used and studied in an attempt to control infestation of
5017:
4883:
4562:
4487:
3962:
3755:
University of California, Riverside, Botany and Plant Sciences Department
3697:
Leslie Huffman- Weed Management Specialist (Horticultural Crops)/OMAFRA.
3441:
Jennifer M. Duringer; Donald R. Buhler; A. Morrie Craig (November 2004).
2081:
1603:
1485:
1416:
1412:
1381:
1329:
1291:
is much less contradictory and all warn of accumulation of the alkaloid.
1275:
1267:
1251:
1247:
1021:
780:
759:
671:
663:
651:
524:
492:
458:
109:
96:
4924:
4712:
3784:
3322:
2167:
4725:
4593:
3205:"Cornell University answers questions about California Bay Area plants"
3089:
Pests in Gardens and Landscapes; Common Groundsel Management Guidelines
1615:
1559:
1547:
918:
893:
631:
488:
398:
347:
300:
usually lack ray florets, the yellow disc florets mostly hidden by the
139:
3675:. Annals of Botany Company. pp. 61: 499–506, 1988. Archived from
1388:), but its leaves and seeds afford food for many of our wild species (
392:
inch (6 to 13 mm) with a highly conspicuous ring of black tipped
4764:
2424:
1555:
1543:
1535:
1531:
1389:
1369:
1309:
1243:
1208:
1191:
1182:
to most if not all of the Americas and having a reputation for being
599:
520:
516:
508:
500:
496:
435:
367:
4464:
4170:
Department of Pathology, Physiology and Weed Service. Archived from
4787:
4637:
4390:. Wisflora: Wisconsin Botanical Information System. Archived from
2489:
1436:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1373:
712:
697:
687:
553:, is in reference the plant becoming grey and hairy when fruiting.
431:
393:
301:
281:
57:
3496:. Washington State's 2004 Noxious Weed list. 2004. Archived from
2452:
3733:
11th EWRS (European Weed Research Society) Symposium 1999, Basel
3136:
Chemical Safety Information from Intergovernmental Organizations
2905:
D. A. Mclaren; J. E. Ireson & R. M. Kwong (4–14 July 1999).
2781:. Arlington, VA: NatureServe’s Central Databases. Archived from
1361:
1325:
484:
4624:
4468:
3839:"Comparison of Atrazine-Resistant and -Susceptible Biotypes of
3300:
Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins Handbook
2710:
Center for Biological Informatics of the U.S. Geological Survey
1715:(Third ed.). Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
1392:
were given as an example)." More recent studies claim that the
3837:
Michel Havaux, Society for Experimental Biology, 2005 (1989).
1365:
592:
Natural Resources Conservation Service Plants Profile Database
1686:"Flora Europaea Search Results matching vulgaris and Senecio"
1396:
amount that cattle or horses need to consume is 7% of their
3855:. pp. Volume 40, Number 8, Pp. 849–854. Archived from
2514:
Integrated Taxonomic Information System Organization (ITIS)
2486:
Integrated Taxonomic Information System Organization (ITIS)
620:
Integrated Taxonomic Information System Organization (ITIS)
318:
does not have the glandular hairs and ray florets found in
3537:. pp. RIN 1018-AG93, Page 41669–41683. Archived from
1431:
Introduced species become invasive when they compete with
2983:. BioImages: The Virtual Field-Guide (UK). Archived from
2771:"Nature Serve Species Profile for Old-man-in-the-spring (
1348:, but he was so mad he tore it up and put it in the fire.
624:
United States federal government departments and agencies
16:
Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae
3735:. FacoltĂ di Agraria - UniversitĂ degli Studi di Perugia
3494:
Written Findings of the State Noxious Weed Control Board
3323:"Safety issues affecting herbs: pyrrolizidine alkaloids"
2526:
Integrated Taxonomic Information System on-line database
2494:
Integrated Taxonomic Information System on-line database
366:
Open clusters of 10 to 22 small cylinder shaped rayless
3807:
Isonuclear triazine-susceptible and triazine-resistant
4219:"Identification: Weed Photo Gallery: Common groundsel"
4217:
University of California, Integrated Pest Management.
4168:
Virginia Tech College of Agriculture and Life Sciences
4154:
Department of Pathology, Physiology and Weed Service.
4081:
Van Eijk, J. L. (1952-01-19). "Phytochemical study of
3325:. Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon
1751:. Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team
2129:. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1819:. Hedgerows, Hedges and Verges of Britain and Ireland
1447:
The approximately 22 millimetres (0.87 in) long
527:, and several ornamental flowering plants; a list of
3303:. FDA/Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition
2145:
2143:
1570:
Groundsel seedlings with 2–6 leaves are tolerant of
479:
Groundsel acts as a host for the fungus that causes
4477:
2389:Peterson Field Guide, Theodore F. Niehaus (1976) .
4137:World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC) Search
3905:Gailing, O.; Bachmann, K. (2003). "The anthers of
3967:A photo fungi of the Devon and Cornwall peninsula
3729:"Weeds and weed management in carrots - a review"
2714:"Weeds of British Columbia Listed by Common Name"
690:has been difficult if not impossible to contain.
430:are succeeded by downy globed heads of seed. The
3699:"Reducing Common Groundsel in Strawberry Fields"
304:giving the flowers an inconspicuous appearance.
2094:The seeds of two species, thyme leaved spurge (
2022:. © Copyright Protected 1995-2008 Botanical.com
1845:Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Archived from
1649:Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS).
4205:University and Jepson Herbaria (UC/JEPS). 1993
2449:Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)
612:Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)
588:United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
3559:Department of Horticulture and Crop Science,
3046:Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
2421:Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
2309:California Department of Food and Agriculture
2102:), become sticky when wet and two others, ...
1509:. One study showed that rust fungus infected
8:
3883:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3822:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3604:A public access seed bank - established 1911
3275:. Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility
3108:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2971:
2969:
2374:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
959:and other insects that are not listed here.
4130:"UNEP-WCMC Species Database search results
4069:. Delta – description language for taxonomy
4045:. Delta – description language for taxonomy
3993:. Delta – description language for taxonomy
3913:): saltatory evolution caught in the act".
3663:N. D. Paul & P. G. Ayres (1987-11-09).
2628:Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture
2226:
2224:
1304:Botanist and noted authority on plant-lore
1274:in the late 16th century and as a cure for
1162:and other fungus that are not listed here.
614:considers it to be native only to parts of
594:considers it to be native to all 50 of the
4465:
3887:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3140:International Programme on Chemical Safety
2193:) Seed Longevity and Seedling Emergence".
1344:everywhere. The doctor had brought Lucy’s
790:respond (get excited) specifically to the
754:, and seedlings have been raised from the
274:in suitable disturbed habitats worldwide.
186:
31:
20:
3792:
3462:
3121:
3119:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1998:
457:did not predict the timing and extent of
3753:William B. McCloskey and Jodie S. Holt;
3535:United States Department of the Interior
2929:"Its most common host is marsh ragwort (
2805:
2803:
2801:
2799:
1380:declining to touch it, but not only are
750:seed has been found in the droppings of
531:that can host their own fungus as well.
4199:Regents of the University of California
4164:Virginia Tech Weed Identification Guide
3942:California Native Plant Link Exchange.
3484:
3482:
3455:American Veterinary Medical Association
3447:American Journal of Veterinary Research
3295:"Bad Bug Book: Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids"
3255:
3253:
3058:United States Department of Agriculture
3050:"Washington State-listed Noxious Weeds"
3011:Diseases of Cultivated Plants and Trees
2955:. The Bugwood Network. November 9, 2004
2457:Germplasm Resources Information Network
2429:United States Department of Agriculture
2303:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2278:United States Department of Agriculture
2269:Germplasm Resources Information Network
2254:
2252:
1865:
1863:
1703:
1701:
1662:United States Department of Agriculture
1638:
1471:is a recommended method of controlling
1207:As a plant that is reported to be both
732:The seed of common groundsel is a good
286:Dew-covered common groundsel flower in
4187:"UC/JEPS: Jepson Manual treatment for
3876:
3815:
3531:Federal Register Online via GPO Access
3101:
3075:
3073:
2367:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1644:
1642:
4366:University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point
2943:
2941:
2648:University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point
2556:. pp. Vol. 20 Page 548, 562, 563
1802:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1749:The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov)
1235:can cause irreversible liver damage.
1231:), a substance that when a human has
559:means 'usual', 'common', or 'vulgar'.
346:) and sub-clasping above. Leaves are
7:
5046:639a8967-0cd4-44ab-8a20-98563a83beb7
4899:4e13551e-cddf-46d5-b9ae-685c4d2385ad
4247:Tennessee Vascular Plants - Database
4141:United Nations Environment Programme
3777:American Society of Plant Biologists
3606:. J. L. Hudson, Seedsman. 2008-01-31
1919:Henry Doubleday Research Association
744:and it is available all year round.
549:means 'old man'. This name, used by
4237:University of Tennessee Herbarium.
4011:(Fallén 1814) (Family Tephritidae)"
3126:A. Furtado Rahde (September 1989).
2810:Susan Aldrich-Markham (July 1994).
4203:University of California, Berkeley
3969:. Plymouth, UK: The African Garden
3665:"Nutrient Relations of Groundsel (
3626:Integrated Pest Management Reviews
2351:Poisonous Plants of North Carolina
243:, often known by the common names
14:
4429:Alan J. Silverside (April 2001).
4251:University of Tennessee at Martin
3201:Cornell Poisonous Plants Database
3160:Ministry of Agriculture and Lands
2588:. Institute for Systematic Botany
2575:Richard Wunderlin or Bruce Hansen
2453:"National Plant Germplasm System"
2090:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2006.03.001
2045:"Ontario Weeds: Common groundsel"
1769:Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012.
1574:but the seeds are susceptible to
1316:Mr Joby House, who used to be at
4997:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:248251-1
4271:"Comprehensive Report Species -
4195:Treatment from the Jepson manual
4116:
2907:"Biological Control of Ragwort (
2586:Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants
1929:. Garden Organic. Archived from
1560:immunity to the chemical control
1330:shit through the eye of a needle
1298:in the body in a process called
903:Ragwort seed fly (Anthomyiidae,
842:also are host to other insects:
44:
4357:Robert W. Freckmann Herbarium.
3915:Plant Systematics and Evolution
3429:Oxford Dictionary of Plant Lore
3399:Manuel Hernandez (2004-02-23).
2918:CRC for Weed Management Systems
2884:10.1111/j.1365-3032.2004.0366.x
2820:Pests in Gardens and Landscapes
2767:United States Geological Survey
1522:Herbicides designed to control
1360:is cited to have claimed that "
1266:in the 1st century, for use as
1260:gravel of the kidneys and reins
777:electrophysiological recordings
656:United States Geological Survey
4406:Forest Starr & Kim Starr.
4319:Henry Walloon (June 5, 2007).
4279:An Online Encyclopedia of Life
3848:Journal of Experimental Botany
3519:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
3293:M. Walderhaug (January 1992).
3176:Government of British Columbia
2049:Publication 505, Ontario Weeds
1713:New Flora of the British Isles
1682:Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
1526:are effective for controlling
1408:, etc.). Sheep and goats have
1368:eat this common plant freely,
758:. Seed has also been found in
1:
4342:Stephen Mifsud (2002-08-23).
4067:Pest Fruit Flies of the World
4043:Pest Fruit Flies of the World
4017:. Jim Lindsey. Archived from
3991:Pest Fruit Flies of the World
3703:Government of Ontario, Canada
3580:Cooperative extension service
3357:10.1016/s1383-5742(99)00010-1
2827:Cooperative extension service
2658:Robert W. Freckmann Herbarium
2274:Agricultural Research Service
2053:Government of Ontario, Canada
1601:with similar looking genera (
1597:, a tribe also in the family
402:. There is a radiate form of
4307:. Berkeley, California. 2017
3961:David Fenwick (2008-01-01).
3381:. Province of Manitoba. 2017
2074:Landscape and Urban Planning
1629:with similar looking species
1625:, a genus also in the tribe
1372:being not partial to it and
610:, the same USDA through the
270:and widely naturalised as a
5170:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
4379:Wisconsin State Herbarium.
4329:Life On An Oxfordshire Lawn
3779:: Vol. 92(4): pp. 954–962.
2953:Invasive and Exotic Species
1837:Dan Tenaglia (2007-02-08).
1328:and take that and you will
1324:, you boiled groundsel and
1112:Golovinomyces cichoracearum
970:, Australia and elsewhere.
724:) caterpillar feeding on a
622:, a partnership among many
5186:
4269:NatureServe (2007-10-06).
3054:Invasive and Noxious Weeds
2677:Government of Saskatchewan
2392:Pacific States Wildflowers
2115:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1427:Introduced versus invasive
1385:
779:have shown that the taste
338:, lacking their own stem (
5155:Flora of Southern America
5150:Flora of Northern America
3927:10.1007/s00606-003-0037-7
3464:10.2460/ajvr.2004.65.1563
3405:Poisonous Plants Homepage
3401:"Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids"
3273:Canadian poisonous plants
3085:"Common Groundsel IMPACT"
2685:Weed Identification Guide
2127:Seed Information Database
1773:. Cork University Press.
1010:Coleosporium tussilaginis
775:; additional studies via
608:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
422:is probably derived from
210:
202:
194:
185:
168:
161:
41:Scientific classification
39:
30:
23:
5165:Plants described in 1753
3759:"Triazine Resistance in
2868:Physiological Entomology
2246:(paperback). pp 349, 404
1538:but also will "control"
771:species eat many of the
756:excreta of various birds
596:United States of America
5140:Flora of temperate Asia
4445:. Biological Sciences,
4091:Pharmaceutisch Weekblad
3963:"Rusts (Basidiomycota)"
3944:"Plants that Grow with
3853:Oxford University Press
3642:10.1023/A:1018436614685
3527:(Keck's checkermallow)"
2824:Oregon State University
1973:10.1126/science.1164371
1927:Organic Weed Management
1225:pyrrolizidine alkaloids
1090:Ascochyta senecionicola
792:pyrrolizidine alkaloids
418:The name for the genus
4443:Biodiversity Reference
4433:Erysiphe cichoracearum
4283:The Nature Conservancy
2739:Flora of North America
2546:Flora of North America
2201:(3). BioOne: 187–192.
2096:Euphorbia glyptosperma
1350:
1332:. His sister Lucy had
1285:veno-occlusive disease
1198:Toxic versus medicinal
1170:In the United States,
906:Botanophila seneciella
832:Platyptilia isodactyla
802:Moths and caterpillars
729:
710:
628:Flora of North America
290:
5145:Flora of North Africa
4447:University of Paisley
4015:Ecology of Commanster
3671:Puccinia lagenophorae
3577:Ohio State University
3561:Ohio State University
3321:Subhuti Dharmananda.
3265:"Notes on poisoning:
3016:The Macmillan company
3006:George Edward, Massee
2425:"The Plants Database"
2323:. State of California
2207:10.1614/WS-06-122R1.1
1771:Webb's An Irish Flora
1494:Puccinia lagenophorae
1463:Cultivation with the
1314:
1174:has been listed as a
1022:Puccinia lagenophorae
858:Longitarsus jacobaeae
716:
701:
569:Vernacular names for
285:
249:old-man-in-the-spring
5160:Flora of Australasia
4359:"Plant details page
3669:) Infected by Rust (
3634:Springer Netherlands
3407:. Animal Science at
3261:Government of Canada
2981:L. (Oxford Ragwort)"
2876:Blackwell Publishing
1880:Illinois Wildflowers
1320:, told us that, for
1264:Pedanius Dioscorides
1061:some of the species
1013:- stems and leaves (
866:Longitarsus gracilis
535:Etymology and naming
4223:How to Manage Pests
4156:"Common Groundsel:
4009:Sphenella marginata
3785:10.1104/pp.92.4.954
3238:GreenFacts Glossary
2743:"Flora of Missouri
2343:"Poisonous Plants:
2168:10.1614/WS-07-060.1
2016:"Groundsel, Common"
1965:2008Sci...322.1116K
1959:(5904): 1116–1119.
1872:"Common Groundsel (
1658:The Plants Database
1334:constipation so bad
1153:some of the family
1051:Albugo tragopogonis
984:are susceptible to
937:Sphenella marginata
356:Cineraria leaf rust
308:is very similar to
4388:WI Vascular Plants
4128:UNEP-WCMC Search.
4061:Trypeta artemisiae
3490:"Common Groundsel"
3409:Cornell University
3379:"Common Groundsel"
3234:"Chronic exposure"
3211:on August 28, 2003
3164:"Common Groundsel
2949:"ragwort seed fly"
2812:"Common Groundsel
2681:"Common Groundsel"
2606:Don Knoke (2006).
1415:that detoxify the
1306:Albert Roy Vickery
828:Ragwort plume moth
822:Ochropleura plecta
730:
711:
707:Ochropleura plecta
540:Binomial etymology
291:
5112:
5111:
4933:Open Tree of Life
4471:Taxon identifiers
4412:Common groundsel"
4083:Leonurus cardiaca
4037:Trupanea stellata
3025:978-1-4067-8364-3
2979:Senecio squalidus
2911:L.) in Australia"
2162:. BioOne: 58–65.
2098:) and groundsel (
1651:"Plants Profile,
1589:Jacobaea vulgaris
1576:soil solarization
1346:death certificate
1280:Nicholas Culpeper
1133:Podosphaera fusca
944:Trupanea stellata
466:hydrothermal time
455:soil thermal time
408:Senecio squalidus
236:
235:
230:
220:
5177:
5130:Palearctic flora
5105:
5104:
5092:
5091:
5079:
5078:
5069:
5068:
5059:
5058:
5056:common-groundsel
5049:
5048:
5036:
5035:
5026:
5025:
5013:
5012:
5000:
4999:
4987:
4986:
4974:
4973:
4961:
4960:
4951:
4950:
4948:Senecio_vulgaris
4941:
4940:
4928:
4927:
4915:
4914:
4902:
4901:
4892:
4891:
4889:Senecio~vulgaris
4879:
4878:
4866:
4865:
4863:NBNSYS0000004371
4853:
4852:
4840:
4839:
4830:
4829:
4817:
4816:
4804:
4803:
4791:
4790:
4778:
4777:
4768:
4767:
4755:
4754:
4742:
4741:
4729:
4728:
4716:
4715:
4706:
4705:
4693:
4692:
4690:Senecio vulgaris
4680:
4679:
4667:
4666:
4654:
4653:
4641:
4640:
4628:
4627:
4615:
4614:
4612:Senecio_vulgaris
4602:
4601:
4589:
4588:
4576:
4575:
4566:
4565:
4556:
4555:
4543:
4542:
4533:
4532:
4523:
4522:
4513:
4512:
4511:
4509:Senecio vulgaris
4498:
4497:
4496:
4479:Senecio vulgaris
4466:
4461:
4459:
4458:
4449:. Archived from
4425:
4423:
4422:
4416:Plants of Hawaii
4410:Senecio vulgaris
4402:
4400:
4399:
4394:on July 18, 2007
4383:Senecio vulgaris
4375:
4373:
4372:
4361:Senecio vulgaris
4353:
4351:
4350:
4338:
4336:
4335:
4323:Senecio vulgaris
4315:
4313:
4312:
4299:Senecio vulgaris
4292:
4290:
4289:
4273:Senecio vulgaris
4265:
4263:
4262:
4253:. Archived from
4241:Senecio vulgaris
4233:
4231:
4230:
4213:
4211:
4210:
4189:Senecio vulgaris
4182:
4180:
4179:
4158:Senecio vulgaris
4150:
4148:
4147:
4132:Senecio vulgaris
4122:Senecio vulgaris
4120:
4106:
4087:Senecio vulgaris
4077:
4075:
4074:
4053:
4051:
4050:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4001:
3999:
3998:
3977:
3975:
3974:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3946:Senecio vulgaris
3938:
3907:Senecio vulgaris
3893:
3892:
3882:
3874:
3870:Senecio vulgaris
3865:
3864:
3841:Senecio vulgaris
3834:
3828:
3827:
3821:
3813:
3809:Senecio vulgaris
3796:
3768:Plant Physiology
3761:Senecio vulgaris
3750:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3740:
3724:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3714:
3705:. Archived from
3694:
3688:
3687:
3685:
3684:
3667:Senecio vulgaris
3660:
3654:
3653:
3621:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3611:
3596:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3586:
3573:Seed ID Workshop
3567:Senecio vulgaris
3556:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3515:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3486:
3477:
3476:
3466:
3438:
3432:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3386:
3375:
3369:
3368:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3330:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3290:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3267:Senecio vulgaris
3257:
3248:
3247:
3245:
3244:
3226:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3207:. Archived from
3197:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3187:
3178:. Archived from
3166:Senecio vulgaris
3156:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3130:Senecio vulgaris
3123:
3114:
3113:
3107:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3077:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3042:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3002:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2973:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2945:
2936:
2935:
2926:
2925:
2915:
2909:Senecio jacobaea
2902:
2896:
2895:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2838:
2829:. Archived from
2814:Senecio vulgaris
2807:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2790:
2773:Senecio vulgaris
2763:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2745:Senecio vulgaris
2735:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2716:. Archived from
2706:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2696:
2687:. Archived from
2673:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2654:Senecio vulgaris
2644:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2618:Senecio vulgaris
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2581:Senecio vulgaris
2571:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2552:Senecio vulgaris
2542:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2520:Senecio vulgaris
2510:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2472:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2435:
2417:
2411:
2410:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2373:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2353:. Archived from
2338:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2305:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2284:
2262:Senecio vulgaris
2256:
2247:
2228:
2219:
2218:
2191:Senecio vulgaris
2186:
2180:
2179:
2152:Senecio vulgaris
2147:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2121:Senecio vulgaris
2119:"Search Results
2111:
2105:
2104:
2100:Senecio vulgaris
2069:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2027:
2008:
1993:
1992:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1921:(October 2007).
1915:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1874:Senecio vulgaris
1867:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1841:Senecio vulgaris
1834:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1811:Senecio vulgaris
1807:Hedgerowmobile.
1804:
1781:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1743:Senecio vulgaris
1733:
1727:
1726:
1705:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1653:Senecio vulgaris
1646:
1528:Senecio vulgaris
1524:broadleaf plants
1511:Senecio vulgaris
1507:Senecio vulgaris
1473:Senecio vulgaris
1453:Senecio vulgaris
1441:Senecio vulgaris
1384:fond of it (the
1289:Senecio vulgaris
1233:chronic exposure
1172:Senecio vulgaris
1103:Groundsel mildew
748:Senecio vulgaris
683:Senecio vulgaris
648:British Columbia
584:Senecio vulgaris
571:S. vulgaris
529:flowering plants
428:Senecio vulgaris
404:Senecio vulgaris
391:
390:
386:
381:
380:
376:
332:Senecio vulgaris
330:Upper leaves of
326:Leaves and stems
311:Senecio viscosus
306:Senecio vulgaris
294:Senecio vulgaris
266:, native to the
240:Senecio vulgaris
226:
224:Senecio radiatus
216:
214:Senecio dunensis
197:Senecio vulgaris
190:
174:
172:Senecio vulgaris
154:S. vulgaris
49:
48:
35:
25:Senecio vulgaris
21:
5185:
5184:
5180:
5179:
5178:
5176:
5175:
5174:
5135:Flora of Europe
5115:
5114:
5113:
5108:
5100:
5095:
5087:
5082:
5074:
5072:
5064:
5062:
5054:
5052:
5044:
5039:
5031:
5029:
5021:
5016:
5008:
5003:
4995:
4990:
4982:
4977:
4969:
4964:
4956:
4954:
4946:
4944:
4936:
4931:
4923:
4920:Observation.org
4918:
4910:
4905:
4897:
4895:
4887:
4882:
4874:
4869:
4861:
4856:
4848:
4843:
4835:
4834:MichiganFlora:
4833:
4825:
4820:
4812:
4807:
4799:
4794:
4786:
4781:
4773:
4771:
4763:
4758:
4750:
4745:
4737:
4732:
4724:
4719:
4711:
4709:
4701:
4696:
4688:
4683:
4675:
4670:
4662:
4657:
4649:
4644:
4636:
4631:
4623:
4618:
4610:
4605:
4597:
4592:
4584:
4579:
4571:
4569:
4561:
4559:
4551:
4546:
4538:
4536:
4528:
4526:
4518:
4516:
4507:
4506:
4501:
4492:
4491:
4486:
4473:
4456:
4454:
4428:
4420:
4418:
4405:
4397:
4395:
4378:
4370:
4368:
4356:
4348:
4346:
4341:
4333:
4331:
4318:
4310:
4308:
4295:
4287:
4285:
4268:
4260:
4258:
4236:
4228:
4226:
4216:
4208:
4206:
4185:
4177:
4175:
4153:
4145:
4143:
4127:
4113:
4080:
4072:
4070:
4056:
4048:
4046:
4032:
4024:
4022:
4004:
3996:
3994:
3980:
3972:
3970:
3960:
3952:
3950:
3941:
3904:
3901:
3899:Further reading
3896:
3875:
3862:
3860:
3836:
3835:
3831:
3814:
3752:
3751:
3747:
3738:
3736:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3712:
3710:
3696:
3695:
3691:
3682:
3680:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3623:
3622:
3618:
3609:
3607:
3600:"Seed Exchange"
3598:
3597:
3593:
3584:
3582:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3544:
3542:
3541:on May 14, 2009
3525:Sidalcea keckii
3517:
3516:
3512:
3503:
3501:
3488:
3487:
3480:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3426:
3422:
3413:
3411:
3398:
3397:
3393:
3384:
3382:
3377:
3376:
3372:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3328:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3306:
3304:
3292:
3291:
3287:
3278:
3276:
3259:
3258:
3251:
3242:
3240:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3214:
3212:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3185:
3183:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3144:
3142:
3125:
3124:
3117:
3100:
3094:
3092:
3079:
3078:
3071:
3062:
3060:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3018:. p. 160.
3008:(2007-07-10) .
3004:
3003:
2999:
2990:
2988:
2975:
2974:
2967:
2958:
2956:
2947:
2946:
2939:
2923:
2921:
2913:
2904:
2903:
2899:
2866:, Arctiidae)".
2860:Tyria jacobaeae
2850:
2849:
2845:
2836:
2834:
2809:
2808:
2797:
2788:
2786:
2765:
2764:
2760:
2751:
2749:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2723:
2721:
2708:
2707:
2703:
2694:
2692:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2661:
2659:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2632:
2630:
2624:Vascular Plants
2605:
2604:
2600:
2591:
2589:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2559:
2557:
2544:
2543:
2539:
2530:
2528:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2498:
2496:
2484:
2483:
2479:
2470:
2468:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2433:
2431:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2407:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2366:
2360:
2358:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2326:
2324:
2307:
2306:
2291:
2282:
2280:
2258:
2257:
2250:
2229:
2222:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2149:
2148:
2141:
2132:
2130:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2057:
2055:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2025:
2023:
2020:A Modern Herbal
2010:
2009:
1996:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1936:
1934:
1917:
1916:
1893:
1884:
1882:
1869:
1868:
1861:
1852:
1850:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1822:
1820:
1806:
1805:
1784:
1779:978-185918-4783
1768:
1764:
1754:
1752:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1723:
1707:
1706:
1699:
1690:
1688:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1666:
1664:
1648:
1647:
1640:
1636:
1584:
1540:broadleaf crops
1503:Tyria jacobaeae
1429:
1200:
1168:
1064:Peronosporaceae
1034:Bremia lactucae
1025:- leaves only (
1015:Coleosporiaceae
812:Tyria jacobaeae
722:Tyria jacobaeae
696:
680:
581:
537:
474:
416:
388:
384:
383:
378:
374:
373:
364:
328:
280:
272:ruderal species
253:flowering plant
181:
176:
170:
157:
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5183:
5181:
5173:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5117:
5116:
5110:
5109:
5107:
5106:
5093:
5089:wfo-0000011329
5080:
5070:
5060:
5050:
5037:
5027:
5014:
5001:
4988:
4975:
4962:
4952:
4942:
4929:
4916:
4903:
4893:
4880:
4867:
4854:
4841:
4831:
4818:
4805:
4792:
4779:
4769:
4756:
4743:
4730:
4717:
4707:
4694:
4681:
4668:
4655:
4642:
4629:
4616:
4603:
4590:
4577:
4567:
4557:
4544:
4534:
4524:
4514:
4499:
4483:
4481:
4475:
4474:
4469:
4463:
4462:
4426:
4403:
4376:
4354:
4339:
4316:
4293:
4266:
4234:
4214:
4183:
4151:
4125:
4112:
4111:External links
4109:
4108:
4107:
4097:(3–4): 38–41.
4078:
4054:
4030:
4005:J.K. Lindsey.
4002:
3978:
3958:
3939:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3894:
3829:
3757:(April 1990).
3745:
3719:
3689:
3655:
3616:
3591:
3551:
3521:(2002-06-19).
3510:
3478:
3433:
3427:Vickery, Roy,
3420:
3391:
3370:
3351:(1–2): 53–67.
3335:
3313:
3285:
3263:(2006-05-30).
3249:
3221:
3203:(2008-01-16).
3192:
3151:
3115:
3083:(2006-05-23).
3069:
3037:
3024:
2997:
2965:
2937:
2897:
2843:
2795:
2758:
2730:
2701:
2668:
2639:
2598:
2566:
2537:
2516:(2007-12-20).
2505:
2488:(2002-09-09).
2477:
2451:(2007-10-29).
2440:
2412:
2405:
2381:
2333:
2289:
2248:
2220:
2181:
2139:
2106:
2064:
2043:(2002-06-01).
2032:
1994:
1943:
1891:
1859:
1829:
1782:
1762:
1728:
1721:
1697:
1673:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1620:
1592:
1583:
1580:
1568:
1567:
1536:forage grasses
1520:
1519:
1482:
1481:
1461:
1460:
1428:
1425:
1355:
1354:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1196:
1180:non-indigenous
1167:
1164:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1157:
1155:Incertae sedis
1146:Black root rot
1143:
1142:
1141:
1124:Powdery mildew
1121:
1120:
1119:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1059:
1045:Peronosporales
1039:
1038:
1037:
1030:
1018:
957:
956:
955:
954:
947:
940:
933:
912:
911:
910:
881:
880:
862:
836:
835:
825:
818:Flame shoulder
815:
703:Flame shoulder
695:
692:
679:
676:
580:
577:
576:
575:
561:
560:
554:
536:
533:
481:black root rot
473:
470:
415:
412:
363:
360:
327:
324:
298:inflorescences
279:
276:
255:in the family
234:
233:
232:
231:
221:
208:
207:
200:
199:
192:
191:
183:
182:
177:
166:
165:
159:
158:
151:
149:
145:
144:
137:
133:
132:
127:
123:
122:
117:
113:
112:
107:
100:
99:
94:
87:
86:
81:
74:
73:
68:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5182:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5122:
5120:
5103:
5098:
5094:
5090:
5085:
5081:
5077:
5071:
5067:
5061:
5057:
5051:
5047:
5042:
5038:
5034:
5028:
5024:
5019:
5015:
5011:
5006:
5002:
4998:
4993:
4989:
4985:
4980:
4976:
4972:
4967:
4963:
4959:
4953:
4949:
4943:
4939:
4934:
4930:
4926:
4921:
4917:
4913:
4908:
4904:
4900:
4894:
4890:
4885:
4881:
4877:
4872:
4868:
4864:
4859:
4855:
4851:
4846:
4842:
4838:
4832:
4828:
4823:
4819:
4815:
4810:
4806:
4802:
4797:
4793:
4789:
4784:
4780:
4776:
4770:
4766:
4761:
4757:
4753:
4748:
4744:
4740:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4722:
4718:
4714:
4708:
4704:
4699:
4695:
4691:
4686:
4682:
4678:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4660:
4656:
4652:
4647:
4643:
4639:
4634:
4630:
4626:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4608:
4604:
4600:
4595:
4591:
4587:
4582:
4578:
4574:
4568:
4564:
4558:
4554:
4549:
4545:
4541:
4535:
4531:
4525:
4521:
4515:
4510:
4504:
4500:
4495:
4489:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4480:
4476:
4472:
4467:
4453:on 2008-02-08
4452:
4448:
4444:
4440:
4438:
4437:cichoracearum
4434:
4427:
4417:
4413:
4411:
4404:
4393:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4377:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4355:
4345:
4340:
4330:
4326:
4324:
4317:
4306:
4302:
4300:
4294:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4274:
4267:
4257:on 2004-03-27
4256:
4252:
4248:
4244:
4242:
4239:"Results for
4235:
4224:
4220:
4215:
4204:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4190:
4184:
4174:on 2008-05-09
4173:
4169:
4165:
4161:
4159:
4152:
4142:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4126:
4123:
4119:
4115:
4114:
4110:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4079:
4068:
4064:
4062:
4055:
4044:
4040:
4038:
4031:
4021:on 2012-12-20
4020:
4016:
4012:
4010:
4003:
3992:
3988:
3986:
3985:Ensina sonchi
3979:
3968:
3964:
3959:
3949:
3947:
3940:
3936:
3932:
3928:
3924:
3921:(1/4): 1–10.
3920:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3903:
3902:
3898:
3890:
3886:
3880:
3873:
3871:
3859:on 2013-04-15
3858:
3854:
3850:
3849:
3844:
3842:
3833:
3830:
3825:
3819:
3812:
3810:
3804:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3769:
3764:
3762:
3756:
3749:
3746:
3734:
3730:
3723:
3720:
3709:on 2008-08-30
3708:
3704:
3700:
3693:
3690:
3679:on 2007-10-22
3678:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3659:
3656:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3627:
3620:
3617:
3605:
3601:
3595:
3592:
3581:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3568:
3562:
3555:
3552:
3540:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3526:
3520:
3514:
3511:
3500:on 2008-07-23
3499:
3495:
3491:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3474:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3457:: 1563–1572.
3456:
3452:
3448:
3444:
3437:
3434:
3430:
3424:
3421:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3395:
3392:
3380:
3374:
3371:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3346:
3339:
3336:
3324:
3317:
3314:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3289:
3286:
3274:
3270:
3268:
3262:
3256:
3254:
3250:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3225:
3222:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3196:
3193:
3182:on 2007-10-21
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3167:
3161:
3155:
3152:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3132:L. (PIM 484)"
3131:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3111:
3105:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3041:
3038:
3027:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3001:
2998:
2987:on 2008-09-07
2986:
2982:
2980:
2972:
2970:
2966:
2954:
2950:
2944:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2932:
2919:
2912:
2910:
2901:
2898:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2852:E. A. Bernays
2847:
2844:
2833:on 2008-01-20
2832:
2828:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2815:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2785:on 2011-07-21
2784:
2780:
2776:
2774:
2768:
2762:
2759:
2748:
2746:
2740:
2734:
2731:
2720:on 2011-07-21
2719:
2715:
2711:
2705:
2702:
2691:on 2011-07-06
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2672:
2669:
2657:
2655:
2649:
2643:
2640:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2602:
2599:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2576:
2570:
2567:
2555:
2553:
2547:
2541:
2538:
2527:
2523:
2521:
2515:
2509:
2506:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2481:
2478:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2444:
2441:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2416:
2413:
2408:
2406:0-395-91095-1
2402:
2398:
2394:
2393:
2385:
2382:
2377:
2371:
2357:on 2007-12-27
2356:
2352:
2348:
2346:
2337:
2334:
2322:
2321:Encycloweedia
2318:
2316:
2310:
2304:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2263:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2244:9780521685535
2241:
2237:
2236:9780521866453
2233:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2185:
2182:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2128:
2124:
2122:
2116:
2110:
2107:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2068:
2065:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2036:
2033:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2007:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1944:
1933:on 2007-10-27
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1881:
1877:
1875:
1866:
1864:
1860:
1849:on 2012-06-27
1848:
1844:
1842:
1833:
1830:
1818:
1817:Species lists
1814:
1812:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1783:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1766:
1763:
1750:
1746:
1744:
1738:
1732:
1729:
1724:
1722:9780521707725
1718:
1714:
1710:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1687:
1683:
1677:
1674:
1663:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1611:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1572:flame weeding
1565:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1517:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1499:cinnabar moth
1496:
1495:
1490:
1487:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1358:Carl Linnaeus
1352:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1244:antiscorbutic
1241:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1178:, being both
1177:
1173:
1165:
1163:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1084:Pezizomycetes
1081:
1078:
1075:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1057:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1002:
999:
998:
997:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
969:
965:
960:
953:
952:
948:
946:
945:
941:
939:
938:
934:
932:
931:
930:Ensina sonchi
927:
926:
924:
920:
916:
913:
908:
907:
902:
901:
899:
895:
891:
888:
887:
886:
885:
878:
877:
876:Chrysomelidae
872:
868:
867:
863:
860:
859:
854:
850:
849:
848:
847:
843:
841:
833:
829:
826:
823:
819:
816:
813:
809:
808:Cinnabar moth
806:
805:
804:
803:
799:
797:
793:
789:
786:
785:cinnabar moth
782:
778:
774:
770:
769:
763:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
743:
739:
735:
727:
723:
719:
718:Cinnabar moth
715:
708:
704:
700:
693:
691:
689:
684:
677:
675:
673:
669:
668:Massachusetts
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
578:
572:
568:
567:
566:
565:
558:
555:
552:
548:
544:
543:
542:
541:
534:
532:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
477:
471:
469:
468:(warm rain).
467:
463:
460:
456:
452:
447:
445:
441:
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4760:iNaturalist
4503:Wikispecies
4344:"Groundsel"
4321:"Groundsel
4039:(Fuesslin)"
3987:(Linnaeus)"
2864:Lepidoptera
2779:NatureServe
1923:"Groundsel"
1755:10 November
1627:Senecioneae
1489:rust fungus
1459:Cultivation
1398:body weight
1382:caged birds
1296:metabolites
1272:John Gerard
1240:diaphoretic
1229:senecionine
1184:hepatotoxic
1127:Erysiphales
1106:Erysiphales
1095:Coelomycete
1001:Rust fungus
966:control in
951:Trypeta zoe
923:Tephritidae
853:flea beetle
768:Lepidoptera
574:butterweed.
464:as well as
451:germination
320:S. viscosus
316:S. vulgaris
278:Description
268:Palaearctic
259:. It is an
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5119:Categories
5063:WisFlora:
4971:gcc-110983
4966:Plant List
4570:Calflora:
4457:2008-02-08
4421:2017-07-13
4398:2008-02-05
4371:2008-02-05
4349:2008-02-01
4334:2008-01-29
4311:2017-07-13
4288:2008-02-01
4261:2008-02-01
4229:2008-02-01
4209:2008-02-01
4178:2008-01-29
4146:2008-02-01
4073:2008-02-08
4049:2008-02-08
4025:2008-02-08
3997:2008-02-08
3973:2008-02-06
3953:2008-02-05
3911:Asteraceae
3863:2008-02-01
3739:2008-02-03
3713:2008-02-03
3683:2008-02-03
3610:2008-02-05
3585:2008-02-01
3545:2008-02-03
3504:2008-02-03
3414:2008-02-05
3385:2017-07-13
3329:2008-02-05
3307:2008-02-05
3279:2008-02-02
3243:2008-02-01
3230:GreenFacts
3215:2008-02-01
3186:2008-02-01
3145:2008-02-05
3095:2008-02-01
3063:2008-02-01
3031:2008-02-06
2991:2008-02-14
2959:2008-02-20
2924:2008-02-20
2837:2008-02-02
2789:2008-02-01
2752:2008-02-01
2724:2008-02-01
2695:2008-02-01
2662:2008-02-01
2633:2008-02-01
2610:Asteraceae
2592:2008-02-01
2560:2008-02-01
2531:2008-01-29
2499:2008-02-01
2471:2008-02-01
2434:2008-02-01
2361:2008-02-02
2327:2008-01-31
2283:2008-01-27
2133:2008-02-01
2058:2008-02-07
2026:2008-02-02
1937:2008-02-05
1885:2008-02-07
1853:2008-02-05
1823:2008-02-05
1737:USDA, NRCS
1691:2008-02-01
1667:2008-01-29
1634:References
1599:Asteraceae
1595:Cichorieae
1542:, such as
1480:Biological
1211:for human
1077:Sac fungus
1042:White rust
1004:Uredinales
968:California
915:Gall flies
890:Seed flies
871:Coleoptera
760:cow manure
734:green food
694:Herbivores
636:Washington
505:red clover
344:auriculate
288:New Jersey
257:Asteraceae
228:W.D.J.Koch
130:Asteraceae
4703:200024490
4677:200024490
4659:FloraBase
4435:DC. var.
3636:: 77–85.
3345:Mutat Res
2878:: 67–72.
2747:Linnaeus"
2554:Linnaeus"
2084:: 20–28.
2012:M. Grieve
1989:206515573
1623:Cineraria
1610:Leontodon
1546:, forage
1451:seeds of
1417:alkaloids
1353:Livestock
1268:poultices
1248:purgative
1217:medicinal
1215:and also
1213:ingestion
1209:poisonous
1188:livestock
1080:Ascochyta
898:Muscoidea
798:contain.
640:Wisconsin
604:Greenland
545:In Latin
525:chickpeas
513:cucurbits
462:emergence
348:pinnately
245:groundsel
195:Range of
148:Species:
120:Asterales
54:Kingdom:
5041:VicFlora
5030:VASCAN:
5018:Tropicos
5010:3152-503
4945:PalDat:
4884:NSWFlora
4850:2.161652
4801:10204621
4788:248251-1
4607:eFloraSA
4560:BioLib:
4488:Wikidata
4103:14929684
3935:21374459
3879:cite web
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2082:Elsevier
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1981:19008450
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1582:See also
1518:Chemical
1497:and the
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1252:diuretic
1223:contain
1166:Toxicity
1117:fischeri
873:species
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781:sensilla
752:sparrows
738:canaries
705:moth or
672:Labrador
664:Kentucky
652:Missouri
557:Vulgaris
501:tomatoes
493:soybeans
459:seedling
204:Synonyms
126:Family:
110:Asterids
97:Eudicots
5125:Senecio
5023:2701298
4726:3108983
4594:Ecocrop
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3872:L. ....
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2614:Senecio
2345:Senecio
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2313:"Genus
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1953:Science
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1556:carrots
1548:legumes
1532:cereals
1514:found.
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1390:rabbits
1338:gypsies
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1190:and to
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978:Senecio
964:Senecio
919:Diptera
894:Diptera
846:Beetles
840:Senecio
796:Senecio
783:of the
773:Senecio
742:finches
726:Senecio
678:Ecology
660:Georgia
632:Florida
547:Senecio
509:peanuts
497:carrots
489:alfalfa
420:Senecio
399:Senecio
387:⁄
377:⁄
362:Flowers
340:petiole
336:sessile
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218:Dumort.
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136:Genus:
116:Order:
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5102:993747
4979:PLANTS
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4651:160456
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1192:humans
788:larvae
670:, and
654:. The
618:. The
600:Canada
521:citrus
517:cotton
440:pappus
436:achene
394:bracts
368:yellow
302:bracts
261:annual
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