627:
42:
68:
427:
33:
418:
259:
live in a wide variety of freshwater habitats, ranging from shallow, heavily vegetated waters to deep, open waters. This includes main river channels, backwaters, floodplains, lakes and lagoons, but only a few of the species have been recorded in fast-flowing waters. Smaller
626:
718:
and others, form a group sometimes known as the serranochromines or
Serranochromini. How many other genera that are included varies, with some defining the group relatively narrowly and others broadly.
899:
Thorstad, E.B.; C.J. Hay; T.F. Næsje; B. Chanda; F. Økland (2005). "Movement and habitat utilization of nembwe, Serranochromis robustus (Gunther 1864), in the Upper
Zambezi River".
364:
for fishing to some places in
Southern Africa outside its original range and in these places it can have an adverse effect on small native fish, especially cyprinids. Conversely,
962:
Gratwicke, B.; B.E. Marshall (2005). "The relationship between the exotic predators
Micropterus salmoides and Serranochromis robustus and native stream fishes in Zimbabwe".
333:
and most—if not all—species are seasonal breeders that begin spawning around the end of the low water period. They generally reach maturity when two or three years old.
644:
864:
Winemiller, I.K.O.; L.C. Kelso-Winemiller (1991). "Serranochromis altus, a New
Species of Piscivorous Cichlid (Teleostei: Perciformes) from the Upper Zambezi River".
1443:
1469:
1169:
1556:
1417:
1456:
1108:"Cichlid Fishes in the Angolan Headwaters Region: Molecular Evidence of the Ichthyofaunal Contact between the Cuanza and Okavango-Zambezi Systems"
319:
has a particularly robust mouth and teeth suitable for dealing with its main prey, the spiny and heavily armored squeaker catfish (however, young
284:, the maximum length is between 25 and 56 cm (10–22 in), and the largest species can reach up to 7 kg (15 lb) in weight.
938:
802:
Winemiller, K.O. (1991). "Comparative ecology of
Serranochromis species (Teleostei: Cichlidae) in the Upper Zambezi River floodplain".
845:
1508:
1546:
1208:
617:
177:
400:(available information is insufficient for determining its conservation status), while the remaining species in the genus are
299:, but some will also take invertebrates. Although all will take most types of small fish, there is a level of specialisation:
1222:
1183:
1461:
702:(the "smallmouths"; found in the same overall region and mostly feed on invertebrates) has been considered a subgenus of
67:
315:
is well-camouflaged among dense aquatic vegetation, which allows it to slowly approach its main prey, small cyprinids.
1378:
636:
474:
1474:
541:
993:
556:
272:
are generally too large to be considered typical prey to common tigerfish and they co-exist in the same habitat.
483:
526:
761:
631:
611:
598:
570:
1551:
1536:
547:
532:
504:
489:
498:
1541:
1331:
1041:
Joyce, D.A.; D.H. Lunt; R. Bills; G.F. Turner; C. Katongo; N. Duftner; C. Sturmbauer; O. Seehause (2005).
561:
470:
585:
1383:
1278:
Bouckaert, R.; M. Steel; W. Salzburger; Z. Starostová; J.M.I. Barth; Z. Musilová; M. Matschiner (2017).
377:
1500:
1513:
1404:
1204:
1165:
1119:
1057:
513:
465:
443:
1280:"Bayesian Phylogenetic Estimation of Clade Ages Supports Trans-Atlantic Dispersal of Cichlid Fishes"
1369:
651:
389:
265:
1081:
916:
881:
655:
603:
590:
518:
385:
361:
345:
308:
156:
62:
41:
1482:
1448:
1391:
1311:
1217:
1178:
1147:
1073:
841:
576:
349:
1487:
1301:
1291:
1137:
1127:
1065:
971:
908:
873:
811:
426:
213:
714:
666:
201:
1123:
1061:
32:
1142:
1107:
975:
838:
African fly-fishing handbook: A guide to freshwater and saltwater fly-fishing in Africa
815:
397:
221:
109:
1042:
1530:
934:
757:
706:, but today it is generally recognized as a separate genus. These genera, along with
447:
401:
139:
920:
417:
1085:
912:
728:
698:
685:
as its own species, instead of the traditional treatment where it was considered a
674:
330:
165:
119:
1396:
1132:
1430:
1363:
369:
225:
1354:
686:
296:
292:
1243:
Greenwood, P.H. (1993). "A review of the serranochromine cichlid fish genera
1296:
1279:
353:
304:
245:
79:
1315:
1151:
1077:
1348:
1043:"An extant cichlid fish radiation emerged in an extinct Pleistocene lake"
947:
770:
720:
457:
288:
209:
205:
99:
1069:
1422:
1306:
1014:
885:
217:
197:
129:
1020:
in GBIF Secretariat (2019). GBIF Backbone
Taxonomy. Checklist dataset
1435:
708:
640:
89:
1325:
877:
287:
They feed almost entirely on small fish, especially other cichlids,
1495:
1021:
670:
625:
237:
193:
723:
evidence indicates that several genera in this group, including
373:
1329:
1409:
1106:
Musilová, Z.; L. Kalous; M. Petrtýl; P. Chaloupková (2013).
460:, there are currently 11 recognized species in this genus:
859:
857:
323:
mostly feed on small cyprinids and aquatic insects).
831:
829:
827:
825:
368:
has declined drastically in its native range due to
1338:
1207:; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
1168:; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
996:. 2019-2. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
797:
795:
793:
791:
789:
787:
785:
783:
781:
645:South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity
450:, color, habitat preference and feeding behavior
446:is quite similar, but they do differ in certain
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
311:, similar to its main prey, the elephantfish.
8:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1030:
236:(although unrelated to other fish known as "
654:are known from the genus. Furthermore, the
248:and they are important in local fisheries.
1326:
752:
750:
748:
746:
744:
442:(left) were confused until 1991 and their
40:
31:
20:
1305:
1295:
1141:
1131:
740:
987:
985:
494:(Speckleface bream, thinface cichlid)
200:from freshwater habitats in mainland
7:
1501:E449C714-AA53-FFBC-3EC6-F95EFA3FF33F
228:basins. They are typically known as
1024:accessed via GBIF.org on 2021-04-10
976:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00499.x
816:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1991.tb04393.x
280:Depending on the exact species of
14:
1557:Taxa named by Charles Tate Regan
1261:Bull. Br. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool
669:is not fully resolved. Based on
425:
416:
66:
1022:https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei
337:Fishing and conservation status
1223:California Academy of Sciences
1184:California Academy of Sciences
913:10.1080/15627020.2005.11407324
681:complex has been to recognize
232:or, especially among fishers,
1:
268:are present, but the largest
264:tend to avoid open waters if
1133:10.1371/journal.pone.0065047
836:Hansford-Steele, B. (2013).
677:. A partial solution to the
542:Serranochromis macrocephalus
196:of relatively large, robust
637:Lavushi Manda National Park
1573:
1016:Serranochromis angusticeps
484:Serranochromis angusticeps
204:, ranging as far north as
1259:(Teleostei: Labroidei)".
557:Serranochromis meridianus
527:Serranochromis longimanus
352:, and are also valued as
171:
164:
63:Scientific classification
61:
48:
39:
30:
23:
941:Serranochromis thumbergi
937:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
760:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
632:Serranochromis thumbergi
612:Serranochromis thumbergi
599:Serranochromis stappersi
964:Journal of Fish Biology
951:. October 2019 version.
804:Journal of Fish Biology
774:. October 2019 version.
571:Serranochromis robustus
552:(Purpleface largemouth)
276:Appearance and behavior
1547:Cichlid fish of Africa
1170:"Species in the genus
650:A few other, possibly
647:
622:(Brownspot largemouth)
1297:10.1093/sysbio/syw076
1205:Eschmeyer, William N.
1166:Eschmeyer, William N.
840:. Struik Publishers.
629:
499:Serranochromis jallae
479:(Humpback largemouth)
392:and the poorly known
378:critically endangered
350:subsistence fisheries
581:(Yellow-belly bream)
566:(Lowveld largemouth)
537:(Longfin largemouth)
514:Serranochromis janus
466:Serranochromis altus
408:Species and taxonomy
1124:2013PLoSO...865047M
1070:10.1038/nature03489
1062:2005Natur.435...90J
652:undescribed species
586:Serranochromis spei
390:habitat degradation
212:, with the highest
1284:Systematic Biology
762:"Species in genus
648:
404:(not threatened).
344:support important
1524:
1523:
1483:Open Tree of Life
1332:Taxon identifiers
1218:Catalog of Fishes
1179:Catalog of Fishes
1018:(Boulenger, 1907)
621:
607:
594:
580:
565:
551:
536:
522:
508:
493:
478:
185:
184:
173:Chromys thumbergi
160:
1564:
1517:
1516:
1504:
1503:
1491:
1490:
1478:
1477:
1465:
1464:
1452:
1451:
1439:
1438:
1426:
1425:
1413:
1412:
1400:
1399:
1387:
1386:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1327:
1320:
1319:
1309:
1299:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1145:
1135:
1103:
1090:
1089:
1047:
1038:
1025:
1012:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1001:
994:"Serranochromis"
989:
980:
979:
959:
953:
952:
931:
925:
924:
896:
890:
889:
861:
852:
851:
833:
820:
819:
799:
776:
775:
754:
660:S. macrocephalus
615:
602:
589:
574:
560:
545:
530:
517:
502:
487:
475:Kelso-Winemiller
469:
429:
420:
297:squeaker catfish
266:common tigerfish
214:species richness
155:
71:
70:
55:S. macrocephalus
44:
35:
21:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1561:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1520:
1512:
1507:
1499:
1494:
1486:
1481:
1473:
1468:
1460:
1455:
1447:
1442:
1434:
1429:
1421:
1416:
1408:
1403:
1395:
1390:
1382:
1377:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1334:
1324:
1323:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1245:Pharyngochromis
1242:
1241:
1237:
1227:
1225:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1188:
1186:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1105:
1104:
1093:
1056:(7038): 90–95.
1045:
1040:
1039:
1028:
1013:
1009:
999:
997:
991:
990:
983:
961:
960:
956:
933:
932:
928:
901:African Zoology
898:
897:
893:
878:10.2307/1446393
863:
862:
855:
848:
835:
834:
823:
801:
800:
779:
756:
755:
742:
737:
715:Pharyngochromis
454:
453:
452:
451:
432:
431:
430:
422:
421:
410:
339:
278:
254:
202:Southern Africa
181:
175:
154:
65:
53:
17:
16:Genus of fishes
12:
11:
5:
1570:
1568:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1552:Cichlid genera
1549:
1544:
1539:
1537:Serranochromis
1529:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1505:
1492:
1479:
1466:
1453:
1440:
1427:
1414:
1401:
1388:
1375:
1370:Serranochromis
1360:
1344:
1342:
1340:Serranochromis
1336:
1335:
1330:
1322:
1321:
1270:
1253:Serranochromis
1235:
1196:
1172:Serranochromis
1157:
1091:
1026:
1007:
981:
954:
935:Froese, Rainer
926:
907:(2): 253–259.
891:
872:(3): 675–686.
853:
846:
821:
810:(5): 617–639.
777:
764:Serranochromis
758:Froese, Rainer
739:
738:
736:
733:
725:Serranochromis
704:Serranochromis
696:Additionally,
624:
623:
608:
595:
582:
567:
553:
538:
523:
510:
495:
480:
440:S. angusticeps
434:
433:
424:
423:
415:
414:
413:
412:
411:
409:
406:
398:data deficient
396:is considered
384:is considered
376:to rate it as
372:, leading the
342:Serranochromis
338:
335:
327:Serranochromis
313:S. angusticeps
282:Serranochromis
277:
274:
270:Serranochromis
262:Serranochromis
257:Serranochromis
253:
250:
242:Serranochromis
189:Serranochromis
183:
182:
176:
169:
168:
162:
161:
151:Serranochromis
147:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
127:
123:
122:
117:
113:
112:
110:Actinopterygii
107:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
87:
83:
82:
77:
73:
72:
59:
58:
46:
45:
37:
36:
28:
27:
25:Serranochromis
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1569:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1542:Haplochromini
1540:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1515:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1350:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1274:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1239:
1236:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1212:
1206:
1200:
1197:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1173:
1167:
1161:
1158:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1118:(5): e65047.
1117:
1113:
1109:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1044:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1017:
1011:
1008:
995:
992:IUCN (2019).
988:
986:
982:
977:
973:
969:
965:
958:
955:
950:
949:
944:
942:
936:
930:
927:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
895:
892:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
860:
858:
854:
849:
847:9781432302290
843:
839:
832:
830:
828:
826:
822:
817:
813:
809:
805:
798:
796:
794:
792:
790:
788:
786:
784:
782:
778:
773:
772:
767:
765:
759:
753:
751:
749:
747:
745:
741:
734:
732:
730:
726:
722:
717:
716:
711:
710:
705:
701:
700:
694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
665:
661:
657:
653:
646:
642:
638:
635:collected in
634:
633:
628:
619:
614:
613:
609:
605:
601:
600:
596:
592:
588:
587:
583:
578:
573:
572:
568:
563:
559:
558:
554:
549:
544:
543:
539:
534:
529:
528:
524:
520:
516:
515:
511:
506:
501:
500:
496:
491:
486:
485:
481:
476:
472:
468:
467:
463:
462:
461:
459:
456:According to
449:
448:morphometrics
445:
441:
437:
428:
419:
407:
405:
403:
402:least concern
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
382:S. meridianus
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
336:
334:
332:
331:mouthbrooders
328:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
285:
283:
275:
273:
271:
267:
263:
258:
251:
249:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
216:in the upper
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
190:
179:
174:
170:
167:
163:
158:
153:
152:
148:
145:
144:
141:
140:Haplochromini
138:
135:
134:
131:
128:
125:
124:
121:
118:
115:
114:
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
98:
95:
94:
91:
88:
85:
84:
81:
78:
75:
74:
69:
64:
60:
56:
51:
47:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1339:
1287:
1283:
1273:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1249:Sargochromis
1248:
1244:
1238:
1226:. Retrieved
1216:
1211:Sargochromis
1210:
1199:
1187:. Retrieved
1177:
1171:
1160:
1115:
1111:
1053:
1049:
1015:
1010:
998:. Retrieved
970:(1): 68–75.
967:
963:
957:
946:
940:
929:
904:
900:
894:
869:
865:
837:
807:
803:
769:
763:
729:monophyletic
724:
713:
707:
703:
699:Sargochromis
697:
695:
690:
682:
678:
675:polyphyletic
663:
659:
649:
630:
610:
597:
584:
569:
555:
540:
525:
512:
497:
482:
464:
455:
439:
438:(right) and
435:
393:
381:
365:
357:
341:
340:
326:
325:
320:
316:
312:
300:
293:elephantfish
286:
281:
279:
269:
261:
256:
255:
241:
233:
229:
188:
187:
186:
172:
166:Type species
150:
149:
120:Cichliformes
54:
49:
24:
18:
1431:iNaturalist
1364:Wikispecies
1307:10852/59576
1290:(1): 3–22.
1267:(1): 33–44.
691:S. robustus
679:S. robustus
673:, both are
664:S. robustus
370:overfishing
366:S. robustus
309:crepuscular
244:are mostly
230:largemouths
1531:Categories
1228:19 January
735:References
727:, are not
687:subspecies
562:R. A. Jubb
471:Winemiller
444:morphology
386:endangered
362:introduced
346:commercial
246:piscivores
1189:2 October
1000:2 October
667:complexes
643:, by the
618:Castelnau
548:Boulenger
533:Boulenger
505:Boulenger
490:Boulenger
360:has been
358:S. jallae
354:game fish
321:S. jallae
317:S. jallae
305:nocturnal
289:cyprinids
178:Castelnau
130:Cichlidae
86:Kingdom:
80:Eukaryota
50:S. jallae
1355:Q2704866
1349:Wikidata
1316:28173588
1152:23724120
1112:PLOS ONE
1078:15875022
948:FishBase
921:84080641
771:FishBase
656:taxonomy
604:Trewavas
591:Trewavas
519:Trewavas
509:(Nembwe)
458:FishBase
436:S. altus
394:S. janus
301:S. altus
222:Okavango
210:Tanzania
206:DR Congo
198:cichlids
126:Family:
100:Chordata
96:Phylum:
90:Animalia
76:Domain:
57:(below)
1449:1107521
1423:2369958
1143:3664563
1120:Bibcode
1086:4313746
1058:Bibcode
886:1446393
721:Genetic
658:of the
620:, 1861)
606:, 1964
593:, 1964
579:, 1864)
577:Günther
550:, 1899)
535:, 1911)
521:, 1964
507:, 1896)
492:, 1907)
388:due to
252:Habitat
218:Zambezi
146:Genus:
136:Tribe:
116:Order:
106:Class:
52:(above)
1514:270878
1488:841787
1462:648144
1314:
1257:Chetia
1150:
1140:
1084:
1076:
1050:Nature
919:
884:
866:Copeia
844:
709:Chetia
683:jallae
641:Zambia
564:, 1967
477:, 1991
473:&
234:breams
180:, 1861
159:, 1920
1509:WoRMS
1496:Plazi
1475:50902
1444:IRMNG
1436:82776
1410:24220
1384:78224
1082:S2CID
1046:(PDF)
917:S2CID
882:JSTOR
671:mtDNA
662:and
238:bream
226:Congo
194:genus
192:is a
157:Regan
1470:NCBI
1457:ITIS
1418:GBIF
1397:7FWQ
1379:BOLD
1312:PMID
1255:and
1230:2019
1191:2019
1148:PMID
1074:PMID
1002:2019
870:1991
842:ISBN
374:IUCN
348:and
329:are
295:and
240:").
224:and
208:and
1405:EoL
1392:CoL
1302:hdl
1292:doi
1138:PMC
1128:doi
1066:doi
1054:435
972:doi
909:doi
874:doi
812:doi
689:of
307:or
303:is
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1288:66
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1265:59
1263:.
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1247:,
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1126:.
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1080:.
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1029:^
984:^
968:58
966:.
945:.
915:.
905:40
903:.
880:.
868:.
856:^
824:^
808:39
806:.
780:^
768:.
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712:,
693:.
639:,
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291:,
220:,
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1088:.
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