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859:, distinguished for being a reincarnation of the Taoist god Hsuan-wu. He is the god of wisdom, luck, longevity, wealth and happiness. This god receives certain credits, such as being one of the Chinese philosophers who could live without eating (breatharian). Moreover, he is the only god who was said to have the ability to resurrect the dead. Fukurokuju is characterized by the size of his head, being almost as large as the size of his whole body, and is represented wearing traditional Chinese costumes. He normally carries a cane in one hand and in the other a
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781:(南極星 "nankyokusei"), Juroujin (寿老人) is the god of the elderly and of longevity in Japanese Buddhist mythology. It is said that the legendary Juroujin is based on a real person who lived in ancient times. He was approximately 1.82 meters tall with a very long head. Besides his distinctive skull, he is represented with a long white beard, riding a deer, and is often also accompanied by a 1500-year-old
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and barmen, and also the god of popularity. He is depicted as a fat, smiling, bald man with a curly moustache. He always appears half-naked, as his clothes are not wide enough to cover his enormous belly. He blessed the
Chinese, and they nicknamed him "Cho-Tei-Shi" or "Ho-Tei-Shi", which means ‘bag
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and a tortoise, as symbols of his affinity with long lives. In addition, he is usually represented under a peach tree, as the fruit of this tree is considered, by
Chinese Taoism, as able to prolong life. In his hand he holds a cane and a book or a scroll. The wisdom of the world remains written in
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hunter − legend says that the god
Daikokuten hung a sacred talisman on the branch of a tree in his garden and, by using this as a trap, was able to catch a demon. This god is characterized by his smile, his short legs and the hat on his head. He is usually depicted with a bag full of valuable
491:. During the course of their history, the mutual influence between gods has created confusion about which of them was the patron of certain professions. The worship of this group of gods is also due to the importance of the number seven in Japan, supposedly a signifier of good luck.
825:. The reason why the Japanese have such great respect for this god comes from a legend that says that, before Zen Buddhism arrived in Japan, an alternative Buddhist thought was extended by a priest of dubious aesthetic, who actually was a manifestation of
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or a sea bass, or any large fish, in general, that symbolize abundance in meals (such as a feast or banquet). It is now common to see his figure in restaurants where fish is served in great quantities or in household kitchens.
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He is the god of fortune in war and battles, also associated with authority and dignity. He is the protector of those who follow the rules and behave appropriately. As the patron of fighters, he is represented dressed in
598:, Ebisu (恵比寿) is the only one whose origins are purely Japanese. He is the god of prosperity and wealth in business, and of plenitude and abundance in crops, cereals and food in general. He is the patron of
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Subsequently, other classes of
Japanese society looked for gods that could correspond with their professions: Benzaiten as the patron of the arts, Fukurokuju as the patron of the sciences, and so on.
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with writings about the world. He is usually accompanied by a turtle, a crow or a deer, animals that are frequently used in Japan to symbolize a long life. It is also said that he likes to play
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717:. He also acts as the protector of holy sites and important places and wields a spear to fight against the evil spirits. He is usually depicted in illustrations with a hoop of fire.
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These gods have been recognized as such for over a thousand years. In the beginning, these gods were worshiped by merchants as the first two (Ebisu and
Daikokuten) were gods of
739:. She is the only female Fukujin in the modern grouping, and may be named in various ways: Benzaiten (弁才天), Benten (弁天), Bentensama (弁天様), or Benzaitennyo (弁才天女). When she was
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He carries a bag on his shoulders which is loaded with fortunes for those who believe in his virtues. Hotei's traits and virtues are contentment, magnanimity, and happiness.
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In ancient times, these gods were worshiped separately, but this rarely happens today – only when it is required for the god to act on behalf of the applicant.
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Daikokuten (大黒天) is the god of commerce and prosperity, and he is sometimes considered the patron of cooks, farmers and bankers, and a protector of
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and therefore is represented with fishermen's costumes such as a typical hat, a fishing rod in his right hand and a fish that can be either a
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The Seven Gods of
Fortune started being mentioned as a collective in the year 1420 in Fushimi, in order to imitate the processions of the
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They all began as remote and impersonal gods, but gradually became much closer canonical figures for certain professions and
Japanese
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It is known that these deities mostly have their origins as ancient gods of fortune from religions popular in Japan: from
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in her hand. When Kichijōten replaces
Fukurokuju, and Daikoku is regarded in feminine form, all three of the Hindu
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Shortly after, a famous artist of the time, Kano
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Kichijōten (吉祥天), a
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as one of the Fukujin. Kichijōten's iconography is distinguished from the other Fukujin goddesses by the
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Hotei's original Chinese name was Kaishi, and according to legend, he died in March 916.
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of 1690 (reprinted and expanded in 1796), Daikoku can also manifest as a female known as
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From left to right: Hotei, Jurōjin, Fukurokuju, Bishamonten, Benzaiten, Daikokuten, Ebisu
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Brooklyn Museum - Shibata Zeshin (Japanese, 1807−1891). Seven Gods of Good Luck, c. 1885
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and in artworks. One of the seven (Jurōjin) is said to be based on a historical figure.
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or Treasure Ship. A picture of the ship forms an essential part of traditional
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its pages. Jurojin enjoys rice and wine and is a very cheerful figure.
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Hotei (布袋) is the god of fortune, guardian of children, patron of
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1260:(in Japanese). Ehime University Library. 1796. p. (077.jpg).
1240:(in Japanese). Ehime University Library. 1796. p. (059.jpg).
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the Seven Lucky Gods are said to pilot through the heavens the
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1255:"Butsuzōzui (Illustrated Compendium of Buddhist Images)"
1235:"Butsuzōzui (Illustrated Compendium of Buddhist Images)"
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goddesses are then represented among the seven Fukujin.
1132:, representing auspiciousness, good life and longevity.
679:(大黒天女, lit. "She of Great Blackness of the Heavens").
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objects. Daikokuten's popular imagery originated as a
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The Seven Lucky Gods, in an 1882 woodblock print by
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Bishamonten's (毘沙門天) origins can be traced back to
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847:The god Fukurokuju (福禄寿) also has his origins in
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663:is a direct translation of the Sanskrit name
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731:Benzaiten's (弁才天 or 弁財天) origin is found in
546:selected these gods after speaking with the
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713:and a helmet, and is often seen carrying a
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675:(大黒女, lit. "She of Great Blackness") or
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1275:. Charles E. Tuttle Co. pp. 9–10.
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667:which means "Great Blackness". Per the
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851:. It is believed that he used to be a
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542:It is said that the Buddhist priest
1210:. Infobase Publishing. p. 28.
1128:(福祿壽), three deities of stars from
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563:Description of the Fukujin deities
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27:Japanese deities of good fortune
1339:Information on Japanese deities
933:Ukiyo-e of the lucky gods on a
701:and is also known by the name "
883:Kichijōten (sometimes omitted)
837:Fukurokuju (sometimes omitted)
1:
1273:The Seven Lucky Gods of Japan
1173:The seven lucky gods of Japan
480:and are often represented in
476:) are believed to grant good
280:Mythical and sacred locations
590:From the period of the gods
989:Imamiya Ebisu Shrine, Osaka
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633:. He is also considered a
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1207:Japanese Mythology A to Z
1191:Japanese Mythology A to Z
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1204:Roberts, Jeremy (2009).
1189:Roberts, Jeremy (2009).
1007:The Seven Lucky Gods at
2006:Christmas gift-bringers
1655:Ashihara no Nakatsukuni
1996:Japanese folk religion
1748:Major Buddhist figures
1648:Mythological locations
1458:Japanese creation myth
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909:, Kichijōten replaces
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359:Three Sacred Treasures
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39:Bern Historical Museum
1424:Konjaku Monogatarishū
1271:Reiko, Chiba (1966).
1171:Chiba, Reiko (1995).
1130:Chinese folk religion
1119:, a similar group of
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907:Butsuzōzui compendium
877:Butsuzōzui compendium
669:Butsuzōzui compendium
659:. The Japanese name
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539:of pre-modern Japan.
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458:Seven gods of Fortune
110:Konjaku Monogatarishū
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18:Seven Gods of Fortune
1704:Mythological weapons
1335:at Wikimedia Commons
640:syncretic conflation
571:Seven Lucky Gods by
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1295:"The Treasure Ship"
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48:Part of a series on
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56:Japanese mythology
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1685:Takamagahara
1660:Ama-no-Iwato
1598:Tenson kōrin
1579:Takeminakata
1540:Ame-no-Uzume
1516:Takamagahara
1485:Kamiyonanayo
1419:Nihon Ryōiki
1382:Mythic texts
1307:. Retrieved
1303:the original
1289:
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79:Mythic texts
1789:Bishamonten
1734: [
1711:Amenonuhoko
1680:Sanzu River
1634:Tagishimimi
1574:Kuni-yuzuri
1394:Nihon Shoki
978:Kanjizai-ji
683:Bishamonten
647:death deity
552:he served,
522:and trade.
337:Amenonuhoko
131:Nihon Shoki
1975:Categories
1920:Kamuy-huci
1804:Fukurokuju
1794:Daikokuten
1670:Ne-no-kuni
1569:Ōkuninushi
1470:Hitorigami
1434:Butsuzōzui
1309:2018-07-22
1070:Takarabune
1011:Shrine in
957:Takarabune
946:Takarabune
935:Takarabune
925:Takarabune
911:Fukurokuju
873:Kichijōten
843:Fukurokuju
703:Vaisravana
689:Vaiśravana
673:Daikokunyo
657:Ōkuninushi
625:Daikokuten
619:Daikokuten
303:Mount Hiei
298:Mount Fuji
141:Divinities
1888:Shinigami
1819:Kisshōten
1784:Benzaiten
1622:Human age
1591:mythology
1552:mythology
1535:Tsukuyomi
1525:Amaterasu
1518:mythology
1429:Shintōshū
1409:Kogo Shūi
1009:Watatsumi
980:, Shikoku
897:from the
889:Kisshōten
879:of 1783.
779:pole star
737:Saraswati
727:Benzaiten
721:Benzaiten
652:with the
600:fishermen
351:Tonbogiri
212:Tsukuyomi
151:Amaterasu
96:Kogo Shūi
1898:Amamikyu
1675:Ryūgū-jō
1281:40117755
1081:See also
976:Nanyo –
952:New Year
901:goddess
895:Buddhism
802:diviners
745:Buddhism
733:Hinduism
695:Hinduism
665:Mahākāla
650:Mahākāla
644:Buddhist
520:business
474:Japanese
394:Setsubun
372:Buddhism
344:Kusanagi
308:Ryūgū-jō
62:folklore
1857:Shinshi
1847:Kitsune
1814:Jurōjin
1530:Susanoo
1506:Izanagi
1501:Izanami
1496:Kamiumi
1491:Kuniumi
994:Gallery
986:, Hyogo
919:Tridevi
903:Lakshmi
823:Edo era
773:Jurōjin
767:Jurōjin
741:adapted
661:Daikoku
642:of the
612:codfish
596:Izanagi
592:Izanami
573:Hokusai
533:daimyōs
482:netsuke
236:Kitsune
205:Susanoo
179:Izanami
172:Izanagi
35:Netsuke
1837:Dragon
1761:Daruma
1603:Ninigi
1481:Kamiyo
1404:Kujiki
1399:Fudoki
1389:Kojiki
1279:
1214:
861:scroll
853:hermit
831:Buddha
827:Miroku
810:priest
761:geisha
715:pagoda
711:armour
699:Kubera
575:et al.
549:shōgun
544:Tenkai
535:, the
513:Taoism
368:Shintō
293:Jigoku
193:Myōjin
117:Kujiki
103:Kojiki
89:Fudoki
1915:Kamuy
1881:Other
1872:Yūrei
1867:Yōkai
1862:Tengu
1842:Kappa
1809:Hotei
1799:Ebisu
1738:]
1589:Hyūga
1550:Izumo
1143:Notes
899:Hindu
865:chess
849:China
796:Budai
790:Hotei
783:crane
750:Torii
743:from
635:demon
631:crops
580:Ebisu
401:Torii
288:Izumo
271:Yūrei
264:Yōkai
257:Tengu
250:Onryō
165:Inari
1695:Yomi
1277:OCLC
1212:ISBN
756:biwa
610:, a
608:hake
606:, a
604:carp
594:and
489:arts
478:luck
370:and
318:Yomi
224:and
186:Kami
59:and
1852:Oni
1072:by
937:by
705:".
472:in
463:七福神
456:or
387:Ema
243:Oni
1977::
1736:ja
1297:.
1246:^
1226:^
1181:^
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466:,
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460:(
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20:)
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