239:, which threatened to send him to a psychologist for peeing the bed nightly. When her older brother Shlomo spots sister Zohara cavorting with a boyfriend, the family comes to the decision that it is time for her to be married. She is forced to marry her uncle Moshe, who is 20 years her senior. Zohara is distraught, leading her to attempt suicide by drinking kerosine, but she is caught and saved by the family. Meanwhile, Shlomo is pressured by Dede, the brother of his sweetheart Denise, to marry her. Shlomo refuses. Pnina is raped by Dede in revenge and eventually becomes pregnant, while Rachel has a fight with her father and is brutally beaten. A sh’chur ritual performed by their mother causes Pnina to miscarry.
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impaired characters, Pnina and Ruth, display the strongest aptitude for sh’chur. It has been suggested that the various ailments of Rachel’s family, including blindness, mental illness, autism, and bedwetting, symbolically represent primitivism. These have also been interpreted as the stunting effect of tradition retained beyond its use. The autistic nature of Rachel’s daughter Ruth has been suggested to represent the uncertain future of the rootless 3rd generation of immigrants. Disability has also been suggested to represent the symbolic lack of power of the
Mizrahi people in Israel, who have been derogatorily referred to as “a people without a future”.
304:, which is considered admirable in specific circumstances, sh’chur is often viewed as vulgar and primitive in Israeli society. While Azulay-Hasfari did original research in the creation of this film and claims that the practices portrayed are “mostly real”, scholars of sh’chur and Moroccan Jewish culture state that it is mostly poetic license and combines true sh’chur with generic practices such as
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where she causes a crash and is subsequently institutionalized. The rest of the siblings disperse to their original locations, and Rachel is sent off to boarding school. Upon arrival at the boarding school, Rachel abandons her previous identity altogether, introducing herself as “Cheli, from somewhere in Israel”.
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Disability is a frequently repeated motif in this film and is widely interpreted as a metaphor. In the context of the film, it is interpreted as malignant spirits entering the body which can be driven away (or invited) using sh’chur. Mental impairment correlates directly with magical power: the most
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dominant society. This film was widely interpreted as a narrative of escape from the restraints of backward tradition. Critic Amnon Lord states “The message is educational: help yourself. You can. Even against all odds.” However, Azoulay-Hasfari rejects these interpretations, retorting that Cheli’s
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In the present, after her father’s funeral, Cheli is seen wearing Pnina’s childhood amulet and telepathically communicating with her daughter Ruth. Pnina remains outside of the institution and lives with their mother, while Cheli has accepted the role of sh’chur in her life and forged a strong bond
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The family assembles for Zohara and Moshe’s wedding. During the party, Pnina becomes upset and a freak storm appears, driving everyone else indoors. Rachel follows Pnina into the storm and berates her, telling her she wishes Pnina would get hit by a car and die. Pnina then flees into heavy traffic,
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At 13, Cheli, then Rachel, was an ambitious young girl chafing at the role assigned to her in her
Moroccan immigrant family. The family is dysfunctional and each sibling experiences trouble living up to its expectations. Her mother and older sister Pnina, who is both developmentally disabled and an
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culture as a whole, but rather her own experiences. She hoped that her film would bring empathy and understanding: “With this film, I was trying to change the way we see those primitive acts or primitive behavior or ceremonies. I don’t know how to describe it, but it’s not superstition — it’s a
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is also the first
Israeli narrative film with a majority Moroccan Jewish cast and crew. The film was both praised and criticized in Israeli academic circles for subverting the traditional media portrayal of the warm, close-knit Mizrahi family, which was popularized by the
227:. Along the way, Cheli is forced to pick up her older sister Pnina from the institution where she has resided since young adulthood. As the three women make their way back to the development town of Cheli’s youth, she is overcome with memories of her 1970s childhood.
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has broken one of the central tenets of traditional
Sephardic thought: Always blame the Ashkenazis.” The film was a subject of extensive debate among Israeli academics for its perceived negative portrayal of Mizrahi Jewish community. Some critics complain that
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received a mixed, but predominantly positive, reception both domestically and internationally. The dramatic shots, minimalistic aesthetics, and dreamlike lighting drew widespread acclaim. The film was praised as “groundbreaking” in its portrayal of
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Cheli, a successful
Israeli television personality, receives news that her father has died and she must immediately return to her childhood home for the funeral. She prepares for the journey and brings her young daughter Ruth, who is
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in Israel at the time of its release. Hanna
Azoulay-Hasfari claims that the film is based closely on her own family and other members of the neighborhood she grew up in. She based the character Cheli on herself.
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story is not one of success: “ is actually pathetic; she is pitiable in her spiritual and cultural impoverishment, much more than her primitive family is.” Although very successful in film and academic circles,
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for best film by the
Israeli Film and Television Academy. After its release, the film garnered various discussions in the Israeli press over its representation of the Moroccan community in Israel.
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genre. Scriptwriter
Azoulay-Hasfari states “After I finished school, I saw those Boureka films later and I didn’t see myself—or the group I came from—represented properly in them.”
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Sh’chur, variously translated as black magic, white magic, and practical magic, is an Arabic term for traditional
Moroccan mysticism. Unlike forms of Jewish mysticism such as
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as Rachel (nicknamed “Cheli”), a young
Israeli television personality who lives estranged from her rural Moroccan immigrant family with her daughter Ruth.
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ultimately failed to achieve mainstream popularity among ordinary Israeli citizens. As a result, it had a limited impact on popular culture.
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Esti Yerushalmi as Zohara, the middle sister of Rachel who is forced to marry her uncle Moshe, 20 years her senior.
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culture.” Regardless of intention, most critics perceived this film as a negative critique of Moroccan Jewish culture.
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568:"The Burden of Self-Representation: Reflections on Shhur and its Legacy for Contemporary Mizrahi Films in Israel"
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688:"Jewish Mysticism Alterable and Unalterable: On Orienting Kabbalah Studies and the "Zohar of Christian Spain""
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Albert Iluz as Moshe, a middle-aged uncle who lives with the family and to whom Zohara (middle sister) is wed.
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as Father (a.k.a. Eliahu Ben Shoshan), a patriarch who provides for the family despite being blind from birth.
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portrays Mizrahim as responsible for their own marginalization and, as a result, in need of saving by the
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such as laziness, misogyny, and rigidity. Azoulay-Hasfari herself states she did not intend to represent
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Orly Tovali as Miriam, the oldest sister of Rachel who moved away to an Orthodox yeshiva.
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1994 official Israeli submission for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film
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Uri Banay as Avram, the middle brother of Rachel who is sent to live on a kibbutz.
798:"Haunting the future: narratives of Jewish return in Israeli and Moroccan cinema"
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Yaacov Cohen as Shlomo, the oldest brother of Rachel who helps run the household.
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List of Israeli submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film
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235:(traditional magic rituals). Rachel’s brother, Avram, is put on leave from his
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List of submissions to the 67th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film
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758:"Ronit Elkabetz, Acclaimed Israeli Film Star and Director, Dies at 51"
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as Pnina, Rachel’s troubled older sister. A dedicated practitioner of
202:. It was written by Hanna Azoulay Hasfari and directed by her partner
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was also accused of reinforcing stereotypes about Middle Eastern and
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the website for the Israel Film Archive - Jerusalem Cinematheque
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as Mother, the head of household and an ardent practitioner of
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extremely potent medium, attempt to remedy these problems with
733:"'Sh'chur' Groundbreaking | Arts | The Harvard Crimson"
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was considered groundbreaking in its representation of
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668:"An Interview with Israeli Star Hanna Azoulay-Hasfari"
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1002:Academy Award for Best International Feature Film
493:(for the special mix of magic and reality) (won)
206:. Sh'Chur received critical acclaim and was the
796:Chreiteh (Shraytekh), Alexandra (2018-03-15).
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947:"Sh'Chur" - The full film is available on VOD
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387:who is institutionalized in young adulthood.
377:Eti Adar as Ruth, Cheli’s autistic daughter.
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686:Anidjar, Gil; Funkenstein, Amos (1996).
617:Identity Politics on the Israeli Screen
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468:Ophir Award for Best Supporting Actress
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920:"Berlinale: 1995 Prize Winners"
374:Orly Ben-Garti as Young Rachel.
756:Grimes, William (2016-04-20).
436:Ophir Award for Best Best Film
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1073:The House on Chelouche Street
814:10.1080/13629387.2018.1400777
620:. University of Texas Press.
458:- Hanna Azoulay-Hasfari (won)
446:Ophir Award for Best Director
1228:Revenge of Itzik Finkelstein
573:Journal of Levantine Studies
1520:1990s Hebrew-language films
1375:The Human Resources Manager
846:Burstein, Janet H. (2015).
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456:Ophir Award for Screenplay
337:immigrants. Dov Halfon of
210:. It was also awarded the
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1132:A Thousand Little Kisses
1244:Lovesick on Nana Street
666:Hands, Stewart (2016).
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1220:Life According to Agfa
880:10.5703/shofar.34.1.57
864:10.5703/shofar.34.1.57
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256:Mizrahi Representation
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900:Sh'Chur (1994) - IMDb
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369:Hanna Azoulay-Hasfari
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53:Hanna Azoulay-Hasfari
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186:) is a 1994 Israeli
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1180:I Don't Give a Damn
998:Israeli submissions
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285:North African Jews
33:Promotional poster
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635:978-0-292-74723-4
464:- Amos Lavi (won)
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147:Running time
124:Release date
71:Gila Almagor
62:Yoram Kislev
1487:Come Closer
1260:Pick a Card
1252:Saint Clara
1204:The Lookout
957:Sh'Chur
580:(2): 39–62.
497:Golden Bear
212:Ophir Award
151:100 minutes
59:Produced by
39:Directed by
1510:1994 films
1504:Categories
1447:Incitement
1423:Sand Storm
1081:My Michael
929:2011-12-31
906:2021-04-30
775:2021-04-30
742:2021-04-30
540:References
316:Disability
306:demonology
188:drama film
108:Production
49:Written by
1415:Baba Joon
1399:Bethlehem
1343:Sweet Mud
1196:One of Us
1092:1977–2000
1009:1964–1975
872:0882-8539
830:219623762
822:1362-9387
770:0362-4331
704:0021-6704
401:Amos Lavi
352:Ashkenazi
335:Sephardic
190:starring
110:companies
91:Edited by
1383:Footnote
1351:Beaufort
1327:Campfire
1000:for the
508:See also
339:Ha’aretz
310:evil eye
308:and the
302:Kabbalah
276:Bourekas
225:autistic
164:Language
99:Music by
67:Starring
1431:Foxtrot
1236:Sh'Chur
1116:Moments
712:4467487
440:Sh'Chur
395:sh’chur
385:sh’chur
357:Sh’Chur
348:Sh’Chur
343:Sh’chur
341:wrote “
330:Sh’Chur
281:Sh’Chur
270:Sh’Chur
261:Sh’Chur
237:kibbutz
233:sh’chur
175:Sh'Chur
156:Country
133: (
22:Sh'Chur
1490:(2024)
1482:(2023)
1474:(2022)
1466:(2021)
1458:(2020)
1450:(2019)
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1140:Hamsin
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251:Themes
180:Hebrew
167:Hebrew
159:Israel
1367:Ajami
1049:Siege
876:JSTOR
826:S2CID
708:JSTOR
640:JSTOR
474:(won)
452:(won)
442:(won)
1455:Asia
962:IMDb
868:ISSN
818:ISSN
766:ISSN
700:ISSN
630:ISBN
363:Cast
218:Plot
198:and
184:שחור
135:1994
131:1994
960:at
949:on
860:doi
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