313:
After a day of conflict, Husayn suffered many casualties, but the
Umayyad soldiers hesitated to kill Husayn. Shimr encouraged them to kill him: "Shame on you! Why are you waiting for the man? Kill him, may your mothers be deprived of you!" Shimr then led the final assault. Some accounts name him as
293:
outside of Kufa. After Ibn Ziyad consented to a peace proposal from Husayn, Shimr reportedly opposed the proposal and convinced Ibn Ziyad to subdue Husayn with force. Shimr was subsequently sent to
Karbala with orders to either force Husayn into submission or to kill him in case of refusal. A day
306:, was from the tribe of Shimr. The offer was declined because Husayn was not offered any safe conduct. On the battle day (10 October), Shimr commanded the left wing of the Umayyad army. Upon the orders of the commander of the army,
318:, but was prevented by Ibn Sa'd. Afterwards, Shimr led the escort carrying the heads of the dead to Kufa. Later he accompanied the prisoners to Syria. He is reported to have regretted his actions later in his life.
325:, who had seized Kufa in October 685, Shimr was among the agitators who attempted to topple Mukhtar. After the rebellion was defeated, Shimr escaped to Sadama, a place between Kufa and
734:
337:. With his location thus exposed, Shimr was found and killed. Other variants suggest that he was wounded and sent to Mukhtar, who then killed him.
310:, Shimr set on fire the tents of Husayn's companions, and was intent on burning Husayn's personal tent before being prevented by his own comrades.
314:
the one who ultimately killed and decapitated Husayn, while other accounts name Sinan ibn Anas. He then attempted to kill Husayn's surviving son
285:
to Kufa in response to calls from the pro-Alids to overthrow the
Umayyads. Shimr, along with various other tribal notables, aided the governor
723:
702:
681:
657:
607:
586:
548:
333:
ruled Basra at the time and Shimr wrote him a letter requesting assistance. The letter was intercepted by
Mukhtar's soldiers led by
578:
The
History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XVII: The First Civil War: From the Battle of Siffīn to the Death of ʿAlī, A.D. 656–661/A.H. 36–40
786:
618:
369:
Shimr is depicted usually wearing red with a long feathered cap in the passion plays during the Shia mourning remembrance of
346:
673:
The
History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXII: The Marwānid Restoration: The Caliphate of ʿAbd al-Malik, A.D. 693–701/A.H. 74–81
796:
755:
643:
216:
Shimr was a son of
Shurahbil (or Aws) Dhi al-Jawshan ibn Qurt al-A'war ibn Amr, a companion of the Islamic prophet
634:
330:
289:
in quelling the rebellion. Shortly afterwards, Husayn arrived in Iraq and was intercepted in the desert of
742:
53:
286:
220:, who settled in Kufa after the Muslim conquest of Iraq. He was from the Mu'awiya al-Dibab clan of the
791:
599:
The
History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XIX: The Caliphate of Yazīd ibn Muʿāwiyah, A.D. 680–683/A.H. 60–64
638:
322:
87:
765:
719:
698:
677:
667:
653:
603:
582:
544:
307:
255:
205:
148:
93:
676:. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
602:. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
581:. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
626:
259:
135:
622:
334:
282:
263:
181:
44:
750:
746:
630:
350:
274:
201:
780:
738:
572:
564:Ğamharat an-nasab: Das genealogische Werk des His̆ām ibn Muḥammad al-Kalbī, Volume II
558:
370:
354:
315:
299:
251:
109:
270:
on the charge of treason in 671, Shimr was among those who testified against Hujr.
303:
295:
267:
143:
713:
692:
671:
597:
576:
562:
247:
130:
358:
349:. Shimr's grandson al-Sumayl ibn Hatim was a commander in the Umayyad army of
221:
769:
232:
164:
262:, where he received a head wound. He later defected to the Umayyads. When
357:
in North Africa in 742 and became a leader of the Kalb troops settled in
217:
290:
229:
168:
17:
326:
225:
197:
74:
278:
236:
715:
The Muslim
Conquest and Settlement of North Africa and Spain
398:
396:
394:
392:
390:
388:
386:
204:, the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, at the
58:
160:
123:
115:
103:
80:
67:
39:
32:
345:After Shimr was killed his sons left Kufa for the
694:A History of Early Al-Andalus: The Akhbar Majmu'a
298:to three paternal brothers of Husayn, including
541:Struggle and Survival in the Modern Middle East
522:
8:
277:, a grandson of Muhammad and son of caliph
756:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
644:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
29:
764:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 607–615.
652:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 722–723.
539:Burke, Edmund; Yaghoubian, Nejde (2006).
486:
474:
402:
178:Abū al-Sābigha Shamir ibn Dhī al-Jawshan
438:
382:
462:
450:
426:
414:
196:, was an Arab military commander from
498:
7:
510:
185:
48:
735:"(Al)-Ḥusayn b. 'Alï b. Abï Ṭālib"
543:. University of California Press.
25:
712:Taha, Abdulwahid Dhanun (2016) .
294:before the battle, Shimr offered
241:
596:Howard, I. K. A., ed. (1990).
235:. Shimr was an ally of Caliph
1:
718:. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
697:. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
733:Vaglieri, L. Veccia (1971).
186:أبو السابغة شمر بن ذي الجوشن
567:(in German). Leiden: Brill.
523:Burke & Yaghoubian 2006
59:
813:
619:"Shamir b. Dhi'l-Djawshan"
254:and future founder of the
429:, p. 192, note 703.
60:Shimr ibn Dhī al-Jawshan
34:Shimr ibn Dhi al-Jawshan
787:7th-century Arab people
617:Kohlberg, Etan (2004).
27:Arab military commander
266:arrested the pro-Alid
691:James, David (2012).
287:Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad
246:) and fought against
116:Years of service
441:, p. 52 n. 214.
331:Mus'ab ibn al-Zubayr
417:, pp. 14, 216.
321:During the rule of
668:Rowson, Everett K.
323:Mukhtar al-Thaqafi
281:, sent his cousin
250:, the governor of
188:), often known as
88:Rashidun Caliphate
797:Battle of Karbala
725:978-1-138-68963-3
704:978-0-415-66943-6
683:978-0-88706-975-8
659:978-90-04-13974-9
609:978-0-7914-0040-1
588:978-0-7914-2393-6
453:, pp. 13–14.
353:sent against the
256:Umayyad Caliphate
206:Battle of Karbala
175:
174:
149:Battle of Karbala
94:Umayyad Caliphate
57:
16:(Redirected from
804:
773:
729:
708:
687:
663:
639:Heinrichs, W. P.
613:
592:
568:
554:
526:
520:
514:
508:
502:
496:
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484:
478:
472:
466:
460:
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448:
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436:
430:
424:
418:
412:
406:
400:
302:, whose mother,
260:Battle of Siffin
245:
243:
224:, branch of the
187:
136:Battle of Siffin
105:
62:
52:
50:
49:شمر بن ذي الجوشن
30:
21:
812:
811:
807:
806:
805:
803:
802:
801:
777:
776:
732:
726:
711:
705:
690:
684:
666:
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631:Bosworth, C. E.
616:
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384:
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367:
343:
335:Abu Amra Kaysan
283:Muslim ibn Aqil
264:Ziyad ibn Abihi
240:
214:
156:
99:
72:
63:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
810:
808:
800:
799:
794:
789:
779:
778:
775:
774:
730:
724:
709:
703:
688:
682:
670:, ed. (1989).
664:
658:
635:van Donzel, E.
623:Bearman, P. J.
614:
608:
593:
587:
575:, ed. (1996).
573:Hawting, G. R.
569:
559:Caskel, Werner
555:
549:
534:
531:
528:
527:
525:, p. 243.
515:
513:, p. 143.
503:
491:
489:, p. 723.
479:
477:, p. 611.
467:
465:, p. 160.
455:
443:
431:
419:
407:
405:, p. 722.
381:
380:
378:
375:
366:
363:
351:Balj ibn Bishr
342:
339:
316:Zayn al-Abidin
275:Husayn ibn Ali
244: 656–661
213:
210:
202:Husayn ibn Ali
173:
172:
162:
158:
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125:
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84:
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69:
65:
64:
43:
41:
37:
36:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
809:
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795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
784:
782:
771:
767:
763:
759:
757:
752:
748:
744:
743:Ménage, V. L.
740:
736:
731:
727:
721:
717:
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710:
706:
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696:
695:
689:
685:
679:
675:
674:
669:
665:
661:
655:
651:
647:
645:
640:
636:
632:
628:
627:Bianquis, Th.
624:
620:
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611:
605:
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594:
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584:
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550:9780520246614
546:
542:
537:
536:
532:
524:
519:
516:
512:
507:
504:
501:, p. 78.
500:
495:
492:
488:
487:Kohlberg 2004
483:
480:
476:
475:Vaglieri 1971
471:
468:
464:
459:
456:
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435:
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404:
403:Kohlberg 2004
399:
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372:
364:
362:
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355:Berber Revolt
352:
348:
340:
338:
336:
332:
328:
324:
319:
317:
311:
309:
308:Umar ibn Sa'd
305:
301:
300:Abbas ibn Ali
297:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
271:
269:
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261:
257:
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249:
238:
234:
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228:tribe of the
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137:
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126:
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118:
114:
111:
110:Rashidun army
108:
102:
95:
92:
89:
86:
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83:
79:
76:
70:
66:
61:
55:
46:
42:
38:
31:
19:
761:
754:
714:
693:
672:
649:
642:
598:
577:
563:
540:
518:
506:
494:
482:
470:
458:
446:
439:Hawting 1996
434:
422:
410:
368:
361:thereafter.
344:
320:
312:
304:Umm al-Banin
296:safe conduct
272:
268:Hujr ibn Adi
215:
193:
189:
177:
176:
144:Second Fitna
124:Battles/wars
760:Volume III:
751:Schacht, J.
747:Pellat, Ch.
648:Volume XII:
463:Howard 1990
451:Caskel 1966
427:Rowson 1989
415:Caskel 1966
341:Descendants
200:who killed
131:First Fitna
40:Native name
792:Banu Kilab
781:Categories
650:Supplement
499:James 2012
377:References
359:al-Andalus
230:Hawazinite
222:Banu Kilab
81:Allegiance
71:Around 685
770:495469525
739:Lewis, B.
511:Taha 2016
365:Depiction
258:, at the
233:Banu Amir
165:Banu Kalb
161:Relations
73:Probably
54:romanized
753:(eds.).
641:(eds.).
561:(1966).
273:In 680,
248:Mu'awiya
218:Muhammad
208:in 680.
119:657, 680
104:Service/
533:Sources
291:Karbala
169:Hawazin
56::
768:
762:H–Iram
749:&
722:
701:
680:
656:
637:&
606:
585:
547:
371:Ashura
347:Jazira
226:Qaysid
194:Shimar
190:Shamir
182:Arabic
171:(clan)
106:branch
45:Arabic
737:. In
621:. In
327:Basra
252:Syria
151:(680)
138:(657)
96:(680)
90:(657)
18:Shemr
766:OCLC
720:ISBN
699:ISBN
678:ISBN
654:ISBN
604:ISBN
583:ISBN
545:ISBN
212:Life
198:Kufa
75:Kufa
68:Died
279:Ali
237:Ali
192:or
783::
758:.
745:;
741:;
646:.
633:;
629:;
625:;
385:^
373:.
329:.
242:r.
184::
167:,
51:,
47::
772:.
728:.
707:.
686:.
662:.
612:.
591:.
553:.
239:(
180:(
20:)
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