616:, the firm's President, COO and former trader, to be his co-CEO in May 1983. Glucksman introduced a number of changes that had the effect of increasing tensions. Coupled with Glucksman’s management style and a downturn in the markets, these tensions resulted in a power struggle that ousted Peterson and left Glucksman as the sole CEO. Upset bankers who had soured over the power struggle left the company. The company suffered under the disintegration, and Glucksman was pressured into selling the firm. After the merger,
458:, with Weill assuming the position of CEO of the combined firm. At the time of the merger, Shearson Loeb Rhoades, with $ 260 million of combined assets and approximately $ 550 million of revenue, was among the largest investment banking houses. By most measures, Shearson became the second largest brokerage firm in the U.S. trailing only Merrill Lynch. The merger with Loeb Rhoades was more notable for introducing a stronger investment banking business to Shearson.
1657:
283:
692:
467:
390:
727:
Following the merger, dozens of Hutton brokers left the firm to join competitors. At the same time, the combined firm suffered dwindling business from individual investors as its focus was shifted to large corporate transactions. The Hutton brand was used until 1990, when
American Express abandoned
703:
scandal that was uncovered in 1985. Hutton branches were writing checks against accounts at various regional banks and then funding those accounts with checks from yet other banks. This strategy, known as "chaining," gave Hutton the use of money in both accounts until the checks cleared. In effect,
380:
In the 1960s, Shearson, Hammill became well known for its commercials that suggested "If You Want To Know What’s Going On On Wall Street, Ask
Shearson Hammill". The firm had 63 offices in the US and internationally supported by a well-regarded securities research department.
38:
427:
Despite its strong retail brokerage business, Shearson's capital reserves were diminished and, by 1974, it was clear that
Shearson did not have sufficient capital to survive as an independent firm, opting to merge with Weill's better capitalized
454:, which like Shearson had been suffering financial difficulties and was looking for a potential acquiror. During Mothers Day Weekend in 1979, Shearson and Loeb agreed to an $ 83 million ($ 348.4 million today) all-stock merger to form
531:
After selling
Shearson to American Express, Weill was given the position of president of American Express in 1983. The following year, Weill was named chairman and CEO of American Express's insurance subsidiary,
2159:
723:
On
December 3, 1987, Hutton agreed to a merger with Shearson Lehman in a $ 1 billion ($ 2,681,898,067 today) deal. The merger took effect in 1988, and the merged firm was named Shearson Lehman Hutton, Inc.
716:. Although Hutton reported the investigation to the SEC, it was not enough to stop prosecutors from all but announcing that Hutton would be indicted. This last scandal was uncovered only a week before
346:
began his career as an auditor for the
Wisconsin Central Railroad before taking a position in the steel industry in 1898. Shearson was an active member of New York society. Hammill, who was raised in
688:, E.F. Hutton became one of the largest brokerage firms in the U.S. Hutton was best known for its commercials in the 1970s and 1980s that used the phrase, "When E. F. Hutton talks, people listen".
172:
Among
Shearson's most notable incarnations were Shearson / American Express, Shearson Lehman / American Express, Shearson Lehman Brothers, Shearson Lehman Hutton and finally Smith Barney Shearson.
2169:
2164:
488:, the second largest securities firm in the United States to form Shearson/American Express. Shearson Loeb Rhoades, itself was the culmination of several mergers in the 1970s as Weill's
2174:
544:, Weill chose to resign from American Express in August 1985. Weill would return to building a large financial services company of his own, which would become
704:
Hutton was giving itself a free loan that also did not carry any interest. In early 1987, an internal Hutton probe revealed that brokers at an office in
720:. By the end of November 1987, Hutton had lost $ 76 million, largely due to massive trading losses and margin calls that its customers could not meet.
699:
In the 1980s, Hutton was caught up in a number of difficulties that ultimately led the firm to seek a buyer. Hutton's most serious trouble came from a
2179:
851:
The following is an illustration of the company's major mergers and acquisitions and historical predecessors (this is not a comprehensive list):
415:, had been acquiring many of Wall Streets oldest and most venerable investment banking and brokerage firms. By 1973, Weill's firm was known as
2132:
1857:
2014:
1929:
1845:
574:
1994:
1180:
597:
533:
354:
1105:
501:
451:
2027:
1033:
764:
412:
404:
261:
1916:
480:
During the 1980s, American
Express embarked on an effort to become a financial services supercompany. In mid-1981, it purchased
2048:
651:
536:. Weill grew increasingly unhappy with responsibilities within American Express and his conflicts with American Express' CEO
407:. In response to the crisis, Shearson laid off a large portion of its staff in 1973. Meanwhile, through the 1960s and 1970s,
403:
In the early 1970s, Shearson faced financial difficulties as did many of the venerable Wall Street firms in the midst of the
893:
783:
1882:
874:
763:
had been the architect of what had become
Shearson/American Express in the 1960s and 1970s building up his small firm
362:
328:
1726:
528:
industry's largest firm. After its acquisition by
American Express, the firm was renamed Shearson/American Express.
2105:
1690:
1078:
493:
295:
249:
1821:
37:
2154:
1432:
820:
795:
581:
541:
277:
192:
169:
58:
2149:
1751:
705:
739:. In December 1988, the Boston Company, had disclosed that it had overreported its earnings by $ 30 million.
644:
320:
257:
1638:
who consolidated numerous investment banking firms under the Shearson brand before selling the company to
1595:
1233:
1119:
1052:
1016:
802:
713:
628:
548:
and would go on to acquire the core Shearson brokerage business that he had built in the 1960s and 1970s.
505:
445:
436:, as Weill retained the Shearson brand, which was widely recognized as a major underwriter and brokerage.
424:
398:
324:
253:
2126:
1959:
Nash, Nathaniel C. (May 3, 1985). "E.F. Hutton guilty in bank fraud: penalties could top $ 10 million".
1605:
859:
772:
752:
673:
537:
517:
513:
497:
485:
455:
433:
339:
216:
1773:
1685:
1680:
1522:
1197:
1136:
808:
778:
In 1994, American Express spun off of the remaining investment banking and institutional businesses as
509:
245:
184:
180:
1155:
826:
767:
into one of the largest brokerage firms in the US. The Shearson business was merged with Primerica's
677:
669:
663:
196:
1626:
1591:
1580:
1468:
717:
1937:
751:
became CEO of American Express in 1993, he negotiated the sale of Shearson's retail brokerage and
540:. Weill soon realized that he was not positioned to be named CEO and after the firm's merger with
2184:
2090:
2000:
1978:
1961:
1779:
1757:
1732:
813:
Shearson/American Express, 1981–1984, formed through the acquisition of Shearson Loeb Rhoades by
563:
489:
429:
416:
308:
157:
145:
131:
48:
17:
1576:
691:
636:
624:
605:
593:
2069:
1869:
2084:
1670:
1639:
1631:
1586:
1564:
964:
814:
760:
736:
709:
609:
601:
481:
475:
408:
347:
265:
188:
1675:
1620:
1609:
1449:
887:
779:
681:
632:
613:
585:
567:
557:
343:
304:
286:
233:
165:
97:
86:
1976:
Halloran, Richard (October 11, 2007). "U.S. Hints at Hutton Indictment in Money Scheme".
807:
Shearson Loeb Rhoades, 1979–1981, formed through the merger of Shearson Hayden Stone and
191:
and operated as a subsidiary of the financial services company before being merged with
2053:
2031:
685:
617:
525:
282:
2143:
521:
370:
175:
For its first eight decades, the firm operated independently and merged with several
135:
801:
Shearson Hayden Stone, 1974–1979, formed through the merger of Shearson, Hamill and
573:
353:
1662:
1614:
870:
839:
768:
748:
700:
211:
570:, and added it to the Shearson family, creating Shearson Lehman/American Express.
466:
389:
1833:
1809:
1712:
732:
became the President & Managing Partner of Shearson Lehman Brothers in 1990.
1796:
1601:
834:
Smith Barney Shearson, 1993–1994, formed through the acquisition of Shearson by
798:, 1901–1974, an investment banking and brokerage firm founded by Edward Shearson
729:
640:
374:
366:
316:
300:
241:
229:
176:
819:
Shearson Lehman/American Express, 1984–1988, formed through the acquisition of
1652:
516:
in 1979. With capital totalling $ 250 million at the time of its acquisition,
335:
1635:
1570:
866:
835:
756:
612:, who were driving most of the firm's profits, prompted Peterson to promote
589:
545:
237:
207:
203:
105:
101:
654:, bringing with it a fleet of financial advisors and investment products.
892:(1994, spun off; 2008, bankrupt – see
735:
In 1992, Shearson sold the Boston Company, an asset management group, to
450:
Weill's next major target in 1979 was another prominent investment bank,
1392:
232:
firms over a 25-year period beginning in the early 1960s that included
825:
Shearson Lehman Hutton, 1988–1990, formed through the acquisition of
312:
161:
377:, Shearson Hammill had six branch offices and seven correspondents.
228:
Shearson Lehman Hutton was the result of the combination of several
1834:
The unseen Wall Street of 1969–1975: and its significance for today
623:
During this period, Shearson Lehman was aggressive in building its
690:
572:
465:
388:
352:
281:
2127:
CREATING A WALL STREET GIANT – For Weill, It's Doubly Sweet Deal
728:
the name and the business was renamed Shearson Lehman Brothers.
420:
350:, moved first to Chicago and subsequently to New York in 1890.
334:
Before forming the firm, Shearson had served as comptroller of
1038:(formerly Carter, Berlind, Potoma & Weill, est. 1960)
604:. However, by the early 1980s, hostilities between the firm's
319:, particularly grain and cotton. The firm was a member of the
1021:(formerly CBWL-Hayden Stone, merged 1970)
650:
In 1984, Shearson/American Express purchased the 90-year-old
373:
and maintained another main office in Chicago. By the end of
1995:"Shearson Reported To Acquire Hutton In a $ 1 Billion Deal"
2160:
Defunct financial services companies of the United States
303:
brokerage and investment banking firm founded in 1902 by
293:
The Shearson name traces its origins to the formation of
1617:(born 1963), stock broker, financial analyst, and author
1181:
Hornblower, Weeks, Noyes & Trask
264:, which ultimately came together under the ownership of
2085:"Fred Joseph, Who Led Drexel in Its Heyday, Dies at 72"
1890:
1106:
Loeb, Rhoades, Hornblower & Co.
842:
unit, prior to the discontinuation of the Shearson name
27:
Series of investment banking and retail brokerage firms
1579:, stock research analyst credited with predicting the
1792:
1790:
775:. Ultimately, the Shearson name was dropped in 1994.
311:. The firm originally built its business as a stock
2170:
Financial services companies disestablished in 1994
141:
127:
111:
92:
82:
64:
54:
44:
2083:
1993:
1810:A financial history of the United States, Volume 3
1772:
1750:
1725:
1708:
1706:
643:but were ultimately outbid by private equity firm
1745:
1743:
289:(c. 1904), founder of Shearson, Hammill & Co.
210:, and merged with its retail brokerage business,
2165:Financial services companies established in 1981
1822:Commercial Classics: Shearson Hammill Commercial
620:was named Chairman and CEO of Shearson Lehman,
220:. The Shearson name was discontinued in 1994.
1604:, Citigroup executive, Chairman & CEO of
361:The firm was originally headquartered in the
8:
2175:Former investment banks of the United States
2067:"Salomon Smith Barney" from Gambee, Robert.
2049:"Joe Plumeri: The Apostle of Life Insurance"
894:Bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers
30:
2106:"Look Who's Talking: Samuel J. Plumeri Jr"
2042:
2040:
1644:Ben Habib, CEO of First Property Group plc
875:Morgan Stanley Smith Barney
29:
1797:Investment bankers and brokers of America
500:. Shearson Hayden Stone then merged with
342:before that. Shearson, who was raised in
2133:Shearson Lehman Brothers Company History
2073:. W. W. Norton & Company, 1999. p.73
1872:. New York Magazine, May 28, 1979, p. 13
1858:Shearson Lehman Brothers Company History
1713:A thousand American Men of Mark of Today
1433:Lehman Brothers Kuhn Loeb
1702:
1581:Black Monday stock market crash of 1987
562:In 1984, American Express acquired the
1120:Loeb, Rhoades & Co.
684:and the well-known Wall Street trader
680:. Under the Hutton brothers and later
672:, a brokerage firm founded in 1904 by
470:Shearson/American Express logo c. 1982
272:Shearson Hammill & Co. (1902–1974)
164:firms from 1902 until 1994, named for
1238:(est. 1866 as Trask & Brown)
873:, today known as
7:
2015:Vanities on The Bonfire: Peter Cohen
1936:. September 16, 1985. Archived from
1727:"Edward Shearson, A Stockbroker, 86"
635:'s management team in its attempted
411:, the chairman of the up-and-coming
2108:. The Trentonian News. May 17, 2010
1442:
1190:
1129:
1115:
1026:
1012:
994:
957:
939:
921:
901:
854:
831:Shearson Lehman Brothers, 1990–1993
598:United States Secretary of Commerce
502:Loeb, Rhoades, Hornblower & Co.
452:Loeb, Rhoades, Hornblower & Co.
100:, Shearson operations were sold to
2047:Bianco, Anthony (March 30, 1998).
1930:"Placing the Blame At E.F. Hutton"
1585:Stacy Johnson, author and host of
1034:Cogan, Berlind, Weill & Levitt
765:Cogan, Berlind, Weill & Levitt
668:In 1988, Shearson Lehman acquired
413:Cogan, Berlind, Weill & Levitt
262:Cogan, Berlind, Weill & Levitt
187:In 1981, Shearson was acquired by
117:Shearson Lehman / American Express
25:
1846:WALL STREET: A Private Depression
584:, which itself was the merger of
440:Shearson Loeb Rhoades (1979–1981)
385:Shearson Hayden Stone (1974–1979)
315:, as well as a broker of various
2180:Shearson Lehman/American Express
1655:
1567:, commodities and futures trader
1255:(est. 1920, acq. 1953)
1219:(est. 1919, acq. 1963)
534:Fireman's Fund Insurance Company
36:
18:Shearson Lehman/American Express
1883:"Autistic Charity Shops Online"
860:Smith Barney Shearson
627:business in the model of rival
357:Shearson, Hammill logo ca. 1960
1396:(founded 1971, acq. 1985)
865:(1993, sold to
652:Investors Diversified Services
432:The combined firm was renamed
202:In 1993, Shearson was sold to
1:
1752:"Shearson Name may Disappear"
1598:, co-founder of Morgan Joseph
928:Shearson Lehman Brothers
784:bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers
647:, who were backed by Drexel.
1907:. McGraw-Hill, 1997, page 78
1017:Hayden Stone, Inc.
838:in 1993 and merger with its
405:1973–1974 stock market crash
156:was the name of a series of
70:; 122 years ago
1715:. 20th Edition, 1917. p.323
1691:Shearson, Hammill & Co.
1079:Shearson, Hammill & Co.
790:The Shearson name over time
718:the 1987 stock market crash
695:Shearson Lehman Hutton logo
631:. In 1989, Shearson backed
494:Shearson, Hammill & Co.
329:Chicago Mercantile Exchange
296:Shearson, Hammill & Co.
250:Shearson, Hammill & Co.
179:securities firms including
115:Shearson / American Express
2201:
2129:. LA Times, March 13, 1993
796:Shearson Hammill & Co.
661:
600:and future founder of the
555:
473:
443:
396:
278:Shearson Hammill & Co.
275:
170:Shearson Hammill & Co.
59:Shearson Hammill & Co.
2017:. Time, February 12, 1990
1520:
1485:
1466:
1447:
1440:
1408:
1390:
1374:
1358:
1344:Chiles, Heider & Co.
1342:
1326:
1310:
1294:
1250:
1231:
1216:Hemphill, Noyes & Co.
1214:
1195:
1188:
1153:
1134:
1127:
1113:
1074:
1050:
1031:
1024:
1010:
992:
962:
955:
946:Shearson/American Express
937:
919:
899:
821:Lehman Brothers Kuhn Loeb
582:Lehman Brothers Kuhn Loeb
568:Lehman Brothers Kuhn Loeb
542:Lehman Brothers Kuhn Loeb
462:Shearson/American Express
193:Lehman Brothers Kuhn Loeb
168:and the firm he founded,
96:Following the spinout of
35:
1559:Notable former employees
1360:Davis, Skaggs & Co.
706:Providence, Rhode Island
552:Shearson Lehman Brothers
258:Hornblower & Company
119:Shearson Lehman Brothers
1774:"Caleb W. Hammill Dead"
1252:Paul H. Davis & Co.
1234:Spencer Trask & Co.
1185:(merged 1953–1977)
1053:Hayden, Stone & Co.
803:Hayden, Stone & Co.
645:Kohlberg Kravis Roberts
506:Loeb, Rhoades & Co.
446:Loeb, Rhoades & Co.
425:Hayden, Stone & Co.
399:Hayden, Stone & Co.
393:Shearson logo from 1978
321:New York Stock Exchange
254:Loeb, Rhoades & Co.
2028:"Joseph J. Plumeri II"
1686:Hayden Stone & Co.
1681:E. F. Hutton & Co.
1596:Drexel Burnham Lambert
1523:E. F. Hutton & Co.
1490:(est. 1938, acq. 1975)
1312:Foster & Marshall
1296:Robinson Humphrey Co.
1198:Hornblower & Weeks
1137:Carl M. Loeb & Co.
910:Shearson Lehman Hutton
809:Loeb Rhoades & Co.
714:Patriarca crime family
696:
658:Shearson Lehman Hutton
629:Drexel Burnham Lambert
578:
510:Hornblower & Weeks
471:
394:
358:
325:Chicago Stock Exchange
290:
246:Hayden Stone & Co.
185:Loeb Rhoades & Co.
181:Hayden Stone & Co.
121:Shearson Lehman Hutton
1905:The Last Partnerships
1893:on February 27, 2012.
1848:. TIME, Apr. 16, 1973
1606:Willis Group Holdings
1573:, Bridgewater founder
1156:Rhoades & Company
1001:Shearson Hayden Stone
983:Shearson Loeb Rhoades
827:E.F. Hutton & Co.
773:Smith Barney Shearson
694:
674:Edward Francis Hutton
670:E.F. Hutton & Co.
664:E.F. Hutton & Co.
576:
538:James D. Robinson III
518:Shearson Loeb Rhoades
514:Shearson Loeb Rhoades
498:Shearson Hayden Stone
486:Shearson Loeb Rhoades
469:
456:Shearson Loeb Rhoades
434:Shearson Hayden Stone
392:
356:
340:Federal Steel Company
285:
217:Smith Barney Shearson
197:E.F. Hutton & Co.
123:Smith Barney Shearson
1761:. November 10, 1993.
1469:Kuhn, Loeb & Co.
1410:L. Messel & Co.
988:(acquired 1981)
888:Lehman Brothers
678:Franklyn Laws Hutton
577:Shearson Lehman logo
2135:. Funding Universe
2094:. December 1, 2009.
2004:. December 3, 1987.
1903:Geisst, Charles R.
1736:. November 1, 1950.
1627:Randolph L. Speight
1608:, and owner of the
1592:Frederick H. Joseph
847:Acquisition history
592:in 1977 was led by
206:, a predecessor of
32:
2091:The New York Times
2001:The New York Times
1979:The New York Times
1962:The New York Times
1860:. Funding Universe
1808:Markham, Jerry W.
1780:The New York Times
1758:The New York Times
1733:The New York Times
1437:(merged 1977)
1124:(merged 1937)
1110:(merged 1978)
1006:(merged 1973)
951:(merged 1981)
933:(merged 1984)
915:(merged 1988)
869:. Later
697:
606:investment bankers
579:
566:and trading firm,
564:investment banking
524:as the securities
490:Hayden Stone, Inc.
472:
430:Hayden Stone, Inc.
423:'s acquisition of
417:Hayden Stone, Inc.
395:
359:
309:Caleb Wild Hammill
291:
158:investment banking
146:Investment banking
132:New York, New York
49:Financial services
1870:The Urge to Merge
1577:Elaine Garzarelli
1555:
1554:
1546:
1545:
1537:
1536:
1528:
1509:
1508:
1500:
1499:
1491:
1487:Abraham & Co.
1474:
1455:
1438:
1422:
1421:
1413:
1397:
1379:
1363:
1347:
1331:
1315:
1299:
1283:
1282:
1274:
1273:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1239:
1220:
1203:
1186:
1170:
1169:
1161:
1142:
1125:
1111:
1095:
1094:
1086:
1063:
1062:
1039:
1022:
1007:
989:
970:
952:
934:
916:
897:
878:
871:Smith Barney
786:ended that firm.
637:management buyout
625:leveraged finance
151:
150:
16:(Redirected from
2192:
2155:American Express
2118:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2087:
2080:
2074:
2065:
2059:
2058:
2044:
2035:
2034:
2024:
2018:
2012:
2006:
2005:
1997:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1926:
1920:
1914:
1908:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1889:. Archived from
1879:
1873:
1867:
1861:
1855:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1830:
1824:
1819:
1813:
1806:
1800:
1794:
1785:
1784:
1783:. July 20, 1921.
1776:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1754:
1747:
1738:
1737:
1729:
1722:
1716:
1710:
1671:American Express
1665:
1660:
1659:
1658:
1640:American Express
1632:Sanford I. Weill
1594:, former CEO of
1565:Richard Donchian
1526:
1489:
1472:
1453:
1443:
1436:
1412:(acq. 1986)
1411:
1395:
1378:(acq. 1984)
1377:
1362:(acq. 1983)
1361:
1346:(acq. 1983)
1345:
1330:(acq. 1982)
1329:
1314:(acq. 1982)
1313:
1298:(acq. 1982)
1297:
1254:
1237:
1218:
1202:(est. 1888)
1201:
1191:
1184:
1160:(est. 1905)
1159:
1141:(est. 1931)
1140:
1130:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1085:(est. 1902)
1084:
1081:
1037:
1027:
1020:
1013:
1005:
1002:
995:
987:
984:
969:(est. 1850)
968:
965:American Express
958:
950:
947:
940:
932:
929:
922:
914:
911:
902:
891:
864:
855:
815:American Express
761:Sanford I. Weill
753:asset management
743:Sale and spinoff
737:Mellon Financial
676:and his brother
602:Blackstone Group
496:in 1974 to form
482:Sanford I. Weill
476:American Express
409:Sanford I. Weill
348:Albion, Michigan
266:American Express
189:American Express
78:
76:
71:
40:
33:
21:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2189:
2150:Lehman Brothers
2140:
2139:
2138:
2122:
2121:
2111:
2109:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2066:
2062:
2046:
2045:
2038:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2013:
2009:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1943:
1941:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1915:
1911:
1902:
1898:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1868:
1864:
1856:
1852:
1844:
1840:
1831:
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1676:Lehman Brothers
1661:
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1654:
1651:
1621:Edward Shearson
1610:Trenton Thunder
1561:
1556:
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1452:
1450:Lehman Brothers
1435:
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1376:Columbia Group
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863:
849:
792:
782:. In 2008, the
780:Lehman Brothers
745:
710:laundered money
682:Robert M. Fomon
666:
660:
633:F. Ross Johnson
614:Lewis Glucksman
586:Lehman Brothers
560:
558:Lehman Brothers
554:
478:
464:
448:
442:
401:
387:
363:Empire Building
344:Ontario, Canada
305:Edward Shearson
287:Edward Shearson
280:
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234:Lehman Brothers
226:
166:Edward Shearson
122:
120:
118:
116:
98:Lehman Brothers
87:Edward Shearson
74:
72:
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28:
23:
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15:
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5:
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2119:
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2054:Bloomberg News
2036:
2032:Bloomberg L.P.
2019:
2007:
1985:
1968:
1951:
1940:on May 6, 2008
1921:
1917:Peter A. Cohen
1909:
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759:. Primerica's
744:
741:
686:Gerald M. Loeb
659:
656:
618:Peter A. Cohen
553:
550:
463:
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444:Main article:
441:
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397:Main article:
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276:Main article:
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2008:
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1996:
1989:
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1812:. 2002, p. 86
1811:
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1799:. 1922. p.247
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626:
621:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
594:Pete Peterson
591:
587:
583:
575:
571:
569:
565:
559:
551:
549:
547:
543:
539:
535:
529:
527:
523:
522:Merrill Lynch
520:trailed only
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
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491:
487:
483:
477:
468:
461:
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453:
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391:
384:
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378:
376:
372:
371:New York City
368:
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355:
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186:
182:
178:
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171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
147:
144:
140:
137:
136:United States
133:
130:
126:
114:
110:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
88:
85:
81:
67:
63:
60:
57:
53:
50:
47:
43:
39:
34:
19:
2110:. Retrieved
2100:
2089:
2078:
2068:
2063:
2052:
2022:
2010:
1999:
1988:
1977:
1971:
1960:
1954:
1942:. Retrieved
1938:the original
1933:
1924:
1912:
1904:
1899:
1891:the original
1886:
1877:
1865:
1853:
1841:
1836:. 2000, p.48
1832:Benn, Alec.
1828:
1817:
1804:
1778:
1767:
1756:
1731:
1720:
1663:Banks portal
1615:Peter Schiff
1521:
1486:
1467:
1448:
1409:
1391:
1375:
1359:
1343:
1327:
1311:
1295:
1251:
1232:
1215:
1196:
1154:
1135:
1076:
1075:
1051:
1032:
999:
981:
963:
944:
926:
908:
858:
850:
840:Smith Barney
777:
769:Smith Barney
755:business to
749:Harvey Golub
746:
734:
726:
722:
701:check kiting
698:
667:
649:
622:
580:
561:
530:
492:merged with
479:
449:
402:
379:
360:
333:
294:
292:
227:
215:
214:, to create
212:Smith Barney
201:
195:in 1984 and
174:
153:
152:
128:Headquarters
2070:Wall Street
1887:loebcap.com
1602:Joe Plumeri
1587:Money Talks
1527:(est. 1904)
1473:(est. 1867)
1454:(est. 1850)
1328:Balcor Co.
730:Joe Plumeri
641:RJR Nabisco
596:, a former
375:World War I
367:71 Broadway
317:commodities
301:Wall Street
242:E.F. Hutton
230:Wall Street
177:Wall Street
160:and retail
55:Predecessor
2144:Categories
1697:References
771:to create
662:See also:
556:See also:
512:) to form
504:(formerly
474:See also:
419:following
336:U.S. Steel
2185:Primerica
1636:Citigroup
1634:, CEO of
1623:, founder
1571:Ray Dalio
867:Primerica
836:Primerica
757:Primerica
590:Kuhn Loeb
546:Citigroup
526:brokerage
238:Kuhn Loeb
208:Citigroup
204:Primerica
199:in 1988.
162:brokerage
112:Successor
106:Citigroup
102:Primerica
2112:July 15,
1919:. Forbes
1649:See also
712:for the
327:and the
154:Shearson
142:Services
104:, later
45:Industry
31:Shearson
1393:Financo
610:traders
338:and of
224:History
83:Founder
73: (
65:Founded
1944:May 1,
1019:
323:, the
313:broker
260:, and
747:When
2114:2010
1946:2010
1934:Time
608:and
588:and
508:and
421:CBWL
307:and
299:, a
183:and
93:Fate
75:1902
68:1902
639:of
484:'s
369:in
365:at
2146::
2088:.
2051:.
2039:^
2030:.
1998:.
1932:.
1885:.
1789:^
1777:.
1755:.
1742:^
1730:.
1705:^
708:,
331:.
268:.
256:,
252:,
248:,
244:,
240:,
236:,
134:,
2116:.
2057:.
1982:.
1965:.
1948:.
896:)
877:)
77:)
20:)
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