305:
600:
Midland determined to do something about it. This materialised as a new line from Tapton
Junction, north of Chesterfield, to a new Sheffield station, and a connection from there to the S&RR line at Grimesthorpe Junction. George Stephenson's objection to such a route had been based on the available power of contemporary locomotives, and by this time the technology had progressed. The new line opened on 1 February 1870. The large, new station was known as Sheffield New Midland station until 1876. The Wicker station closed to passengers on the same day.
196:, and a new main station in Sheffield. Trains proceeding north from the new station joined the S&RR route, which continued in use. Over the years a number of branch lines were constructed diverging from the S&RR line, and in 1987 a connection was made into another line at Rotherham, giving access to a more central passenger station there. Nearly the whole extent of the original S&RR line continues in main line use in 2023.
39:
663:. While up to that time, locomotive boilers had been fastened rigidly to the frames, Dodds fastened it at the front only, allowing for movement with expansion at the firebox end. Whether this locomotive was built by him, or whether the railway itself built any, is unclear, though Dodds left in 1842 to set up in business on his own. Certainly, at that time, demand may have been outstripping supply.
515:
both companies. The facilities at Wicker were limited: it had only a single passenger platform. It seemed improbable that Wicker could handle all the
Manchester traffic of the SA&MR as well as all the northward and southward traffic of the Midland Railway. Moreover, at the time the SA&MR were supporting a Chesterfield line competing with the NMR, and the S&RR proposition was declined.
592:
470:
205:
647:
convenient for the central area of
Rotherham. The route of the original Rotherham Westgate line from Holmes Junction was still available, and intersected the former SYR route. In 1987 a connection was made and Rotherham Central station was reinstated as the station for the town. Masborough closed in 1988, although non-stopping trains still used that route.
689:, said to be the first to have been built in that city, was provided in 1840 by Davy Brothers. This was a six-wheeled locomotive to design of a Mr. William Vickers. The 5 ft 6 inch driving wheels were connected by four-inch belts which provided traction on all wheels. It was later, it is believed, converted to a conventional pattern.
428:
232:
526:. Although use of the S&RR Wicker station had been turned down, the construction of a connection was sensible enough, and this opened on 1 January 1847 from Bridgehouses to Wicker. It was steeply graded at 1 in 36 and ran through Spital Hill Tunnel; it was only ever used for limited exchange of goods traffic.
477:
On 11 May 1840 the North
Midland Railway opened its line from Derby to its own Rotherham station, named Masborough. The Greasbrough Canal line now served additionally as a west-to-north connection between the S&RR and the NMR, as the Greasbrough line had been laid out to run alongside the planned
273:
A project design was quickly prepared: much work had already been done in surveying the land between
Rotherham and Sheffield, in connection with earlier schemes for a canal. The railway was aligned approximately north-northeast so that it also followed a gentle gradient, except for a short section of
191:
The opening of the S&RR encouraged heavy industry to be located along its route in
Sheffield. The S&RR was absorbed by the much larger Midland Railway in 1845. The Wicker passenger terminal was cramped and restrictive and in 1870 the Midland Railway opened a new access route to Sheffield from
646:
The former South
Yorkshire Railway station at Rotherham had closed to passengers in 1966. From that point the SYR route – now goods only – paralleled the former NMR route as far as Swinton, but passenger trains used Masborough station as the calling point for Rotherham. Masborough was not considered
631:. It opened from Treeton Junction (on the former North Midland Railway route) to Brightside Junction on the former S&RR on 21 May 1900. In addition an extensive goods depot was built at Attercliffe, also accessed off the S&RR route. The Midland Railway co-operated with these new connections.
582:
branch, or more colourfully the
Blackburn Valley Line. It joined the S&RR at Blackburn Valley Junction, between Brightside and Wincobank. The passenger service to Sheffield (S&RR) did not open until November 1854. There had been some delay in agreeing this arrangement, because of the limited
514:
was then under construction, and was to have a
Sheffield station very close to the Wicker station of the S&RR. In the summer of 1843, the directors of the S&RR approached the SA&MR, suggesting that a short junction line between them should be made, and the S&RR Wicker station used by
445:
and other guests to
Rotherham; a breakfast followed by celebratory speeches took place at the Court House. The guests were later returned by train to Sheffield. The initial journey was described as a 'very elegant' train of yellow-painted carriages leaving the 'handsome and spacious shed' at Wicker.
608:
The connection at Masborough between the S&RR and the former North Midland Railway was north facing, and trains between points west of Sheffield and the south had to reverse at Rotherham, or after 1870 travel via the new Sheffield station. On 28 November 1881 a south curve, from Holmes Junction
599:
The original access to Sheffield, for what became the Midland Railway, involved going to Rotherham and then into Sheffield from the east over the former S&RR. This roundabout route, and the use of Wicker station as the Sheffield terminus, increasingly became a cause of dissatisfaction, and the
465:
to Holmes, serving local collieries, was opened on 7 August 1839. It was built by the North Midland Railway (which had not yet reached the area) and leased to the S&RR. It made an end-on connection with the Earl of Fitzwilliam's private railways. The end of the branch was at Park Gate, and the
251:
was submitted to Parliament for the 1836 session. Sheffield is located in a marked topographical depression, and the engineer for the North Midland Railway, George Stephenson, was against steep railway gradients because of the low tractive power of contemporary locomotives. Accordingly his planned
501:
Whishaw, writing in 1842, said that the passenger train service consisted of fourteen trains each way daily, Monday to Saturday, of which five ran to the NMR Masborough station. There were nine trains each way on Sundays. He reported that in the first six months of 1840, the line ran at a loss of
493:
and a single coach on the entire journey from Sheffield to London. The excursion started on Monday 11 May and arrival was expected on Wednesday 13. Mr and Mrs Vickers were the only passengers as far as Derby, where they were joined by George Stephenson and Michael Longridge, a producer of wrought
481:
The portion from Masborough to Derby had been specially expedited in order to form a junction with the Sheffield and Rotherham Company's system, giving Sheffield a direct railway connection. The decision had been taken in April 1840 by the Sheffield and Rotherham board to allow through working of
699:
Although services began with three classes of carriage, the second class was soon discarded. The first class consisted of the usual three compartments each holding six people and had Losh's patent wheels. The third class coaches apart from two were enclosed and held about 40 passengers, probably
537:
As competing railways developed in the general area, the Midland Railway became concerned that it might lose access to Sheffield if the S&RR was acquired by a competitor. It therefore decided that the S&RR should be vested in the Midland. The MR issued Sheffield and Rotherham preference
538:
shares paying 6% on the S&RR share capital of £150,000 in perpetuity. The act of Parliament for vesting the line in the Midland was passed on 21 July 1845, at which date the S&RR ceased to exist. The preference shares were converted under an act of Parliament of 1897.
274:
1 in 68 at the Rotherham terminus. The route was designed to make use of an alignment similar to that which was planned for the canal. The line was planned to run from the Wicker in Sheffield to Westgate in Rotherham, a distance of five miles.
260:. This was not a popular arrangement in Sheffield, and opposition was expressed to Stephenson, but in the event local interests acquiesced in his recommended main line, and that a revived Sheffield and Rotherham scheme was appropriate.
212:
Steel making had developed as a prime industry in Sheffield well before the end of the eighteenth century. A wooden wagonway was in existence before 1729, bringing coal into the town, but it was out of use by the 1770s. In 1774 a new
485:
An early attempt at marketing tourism was made: "An omnibus would run from Sheffield Station on the arrival of each train (fare 4d)... through the heart of the town... to within a few minutes' walk of the beautiful Botanic Gardens."
609:
to Masborough South Junction, was provided, at first to goods traffic only; passenger trains started to use the curve from 1 January 1890. It was later closed to ordinary passenger traffic on 5 July 1954, and completely in 1978.
228:; Four counterbalanced inclined planes would be needed. The scheme involved passenger trains being hauled up by heavier limestone wagons descending; there would be a passing loop inside a tunnel. The scheme was not taken further.
281:
furnished sufficient accommodation between the two towns, and because they dreaded an incursion of the idle, drunken, and dissolute portion of the Sheffield people as a consequence of increasing the facilities of transit.
708:
The Wicker station had closed to passengers on 1 February 1870 when the new Sheffield station opened, together with the new main line approaching from the south. Wicker continued as a goods station until 12 July 1965.
440:
A ceremonial opening of the single-track main line of the S&RR took place on 31 October 1838, although earthworks were unfinished and the second track had not been laid. The first train on that day conveyed
368:
546:
As the first railway in the locality, the Sheffield and Rotherham Railway main line became an important centre of industrial growth in Sheffield, and also the trunk of a number of additional connecting lines.
534:
The S&RR line was worked by the Midland Railway from 10 October 1844: the Midland Railway was formed on 10 May 1844 by the amalgamation of the North Midland Railway and certain other companies.
567:, joining the Midland Railway there. It had running powers from there into Sheffield (Wicker) over the Midland and the former S&RR line. There were four passenger trains each way daily.
277:
When the details of the proposed line were published, a hundred and twenty inhabitants of Rotherham headed by their vicar petitioned against the bill, because they thought the canal and the
489:
The opening meant that through journeys to London were now possible, and a remarkable publicity stunt was undertaken. Mr W Vickers, the S&RR Chairman, sent the belt-driven locomotive
511:
442:
450:, and consisted of six yellow and black carriages, holding 300 passengers. The line's trackside, trees and bridges were filled with crowds who had attended for the event.
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trains off the North Midland line into Sheffield, and the S&RR timetable was adjusted to facilitate that. Trains from Derby reversed at the Masborough station.
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1338:
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409:
was the engineer of the S&RR. The line was of standard gauge, using fish-bellied cast iron rails mostly on stone blocks, with some untreated larch sleepers.
624:
224:
A proper railway was the answer, but the difficult topography made the idea challenging. A Sheffield and Manchester Railway was proposed in 1830, engineered by
510:
The S&RR had been the first railway in the area, but as a short line it had limited potential, and the directors saw that expansion was essential. The
1328:
825:
A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain: volume VIII: South and West Yorkshire, David St John Thomas, Newton Abbot, 1975 reprinted 1984,
1323:
322:
An Act for making a Railway from Sheffield to Rotherham, with a Branch therefrom to Greasbrough Canal, all in the West Riding of the County of York.
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327:
221:, seems to have been reluctant to continue his business on that basis, and he stopped the supply, provoking a considerable riot in Sheffield.
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standing, and had the usual cast-iron wheels. Apart from one sheep truck, all the goods wagons belonged to Earl Fitzwilliam, the coal owner.
1333:
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Parliamentary bills for a railway between Rotherham and Sheffield were submitted in 1834 and 1835 without success, but a project for the
1192:
The Lancashire, Derbyshire and East Coast Railway: Chesterfield to Langwith Junction, the Beighton Branch and Sheffield District Railway
413:
235:
The Wicker station building may be seen in the background through the arch, downgraded to goods station status, photographed about 1898
966:
523:
218:
185:
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The line opened to the general public on the following day, 1 November 1838. The first train that day was pulled by the locomotive
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was opened bringing coal into the centre, and bringing about a remarkable reduction in the cost of coal. However the coal owner,
181:
730:
Grimesthorpe Bridge; opened by 24 November 1838; closed 25 March 1839; reopened by 27 November 1839; closed after January 1843;
718:
The remainder of the original S&RR line continues in use as a key part of the main line between Sheffield and the north.
1318:
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Industrial activity in Sheffield created a considerable demand for coal and other minerals, and a branch line from the
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travelled to Rotherham in 17 minutes. The second outward train left two minutes later, hauled by the locomotive
674:
618:
417:
180:, so the S&RR was built as a connecting line. It opened in 1838. In Sheffield it opened a terminal station at
623:
The Sheffield District Railway was a short connecting line, designed to give access to central Sheffield to the
1313:
635:
564:
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demanded the sum of £10 as a penalty for running over their line without giving the necessary 14 days' notice.
385:
736:
Blackburn Forge; opened by 24 November 1838; name uncertain, and closed on 25 March 1839 as Blackburn Bridge;
727:
Sheffield; opened 1 November 1838; renamed Sheffield Wicker April 1852/October 1853; closed 1 February 1870;
556:
421:
628:
317:
240:
169:
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The Sheffield terminal is described by Joy as "central". It was located immediately north of the later
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was slowly building a complex network in the area, and on 10 November 1849, it opened a section from
935:, version 5.03, September 2021, Railway and Canal Historical Society, electronic download, page 503
656:
406:
17:
742:
Rotherham; opened 1 November 1838; renamed Rotherham Westgate 1 May 1896; closed 6 October 1952.
739:
The Holmes; opened by 24 November 1838; renamed Holmes 1 January 1858; closed 19 September 1955;
405:. c. cix) on 4 July 1836. The North Midland Railway received its authorisation on the same day,
864:
Report in the Sheffield and Rotherham Independent (newspaper), quoted in Frederick S Williams,
733:
Brightside; opened by 24 November 1838; new station opened 29 May 1898; closed 30 January 1995;
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In fact the SA&MR opened its line in Sheffield on 14 July 1845; the Sheffield station was
462:
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On 9 September 1854 the SYR opened a more direct connection with the S&RR; it ran from
106:
63:
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station site, and nowadays would be considered to be to the north of central Sheffield.
278:
193:
155:
38:
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By 1840 the line owned six locomotives, all six-wheeled, with one or more supplied by
466:
site developed as a coking works and chemical plant, lasting at least into the 1960s.
1307:
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634:
In the 1960s the short main line of the District Railway formed the core of the new
478:
NMR alignment. The NMR opened its continuation northwards to Leeds on 1 July 1840.
345:
188:. When the NMR opened in 1840 a connecting curve was made between the two routes.
772:
The district is known as Masbrough, but the railway always spelt it "Masborough".
127:
906:
The Railways of Great Britain and Ireland Practically Described and Illustrated
591:
469:
204:
82:
1034:, published by the London & North Eastern Railway, 1945, pages 14 and 16
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257:
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177:
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424:, and Rotherham, but only the two end termini were open on the first days.
908:, published by John Weale, London, second edition, 1842, pages 395 to 400
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571:
214:
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capacity at Wicker station, which was now becoming extremely congested.
1299:
Drake's Roadbook of the Sheffield and Rotherham Railway, at archive.org
933:
Railway Passenger Stations in England, Wales and Scotland: A Chronology
712:
Westgate station at Rotherham closed to all traffic on 6 October 1952.
67:
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360:
369:
Sheffield and Rotherham and Midland Railways Consolidation Act 1845
682:
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468:
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248:
244:
231:
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The short connection from Wicker to Bridgehouses closed in 1948.
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The Sheffield & Rotherham Railway was incorporated by the
790:
Gough says opened to goods 28 May and passengers 30 May 1900.
168:
was a railway line in England, between the named places. The
494:
iron rails. The journey was apparently successful, but the
172:
was being promoted but its route was planned to go through
1050:, The Locomotive Publishing Company, London, 1959, page 51
948:, in the Railway Magazine, October 1899, pages 345 to 354
1048:
Great Central: volume I: the Progenitors, 1813 to 1863
681:, built under subcontract by Bingley and Company of
105:
21 July 1845 (line and operations taken over by the
1169:
The Railways of Great Britain -- A Historical Atlas
882:
Directory of the Railway Companies of Great Britain
512:
Sheffield, Ashton-under-Lyne and Manchester Railway
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1171:, Ian Allan Publishing Limited, Shepperton, 2003,
1032:The First Railway between Manchester and Sheffield
530:Worked, and later absorbed, by the Midland Railway
252:line by-passed Sheffield, passing instead through
994:, Methuen & Co, London, 1901, pages 52 and 53
1272:, Oxford Publishing Company, Sparkford, 1991,
961:, self published, J V Gough, Leicester, 1986,
781:According to Batty; Franks says November 1855.
761:Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway
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625:Lancashire, Derbyshire and East Coast Railway
8:
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817:
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655:Among the first of the duties which fell to
587:Midland Railway southern access to Sheffield
522:, a short distance west of the later (1851)
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1042:
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868:, Strahan & Co, London, 1878, page 446
866:The Midland Railway: its Rise and Progress
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1294:Whites Directory of Rotherham, about 1841
1235:The Victorian Railway and How It Evolved,
918:
916:
914:
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659:was designing the railway's first engine
1359:British companies disestablished in 1845
1349:Railway companies disestablished in 1845
397:Sheffield and Rotherham Railway Act 1836
292:Sheffield and Rotherham Railway Act 1836
1163:
1161:
803:
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595:Sheffield and Rotherham Railway in 1870
473:Sheffield and Rotherham Railway in 1840
208:Sheffield and Rotherham Railway in 1839
1224:, Ian Allan, Shepperton, 1963, page 63
1090:, Turntable Enterprises, Leeds, 1971,
722:Early passenger stations and locations
28:
1364:British companies established in 1836
1339:Railway companies established in 1836
884:, Matador, Kibworth Beauchamp, 2017,
386:Text of statute as originally enacted
7:
1270:LMS Branch Lines: England and Wales
642:New connection to Rotherham Central
1248:British Steam Locomotive Builders,
992:The History of the Midland Railway
502:£290 on turnover of £1,560 (19%).
25:
1329:Rail transport in South Yorkshire
959:The Midland Railway: A Chronology
18:Sheffield & Rotherham Railway
310:Parliament of the United Kingdom
303:
37:
1324:Early British railway companies
847:, Ian Allan, Shepperton, 1984,
264:Sheffield and Rotherham Railway
166:Sheffield and Rotherham Railway
32:Sheffield and Rotherham Railway
1354:1836 establishments in England
1:
1012:Advertisement quoted in Booth
694:Robert Stephenson and Company
651:Locomotives and rolling stock
578:, and was referred to as the
496:London and Birmingham Railway
44:
1344:Railway lines opened in 1838
412:Stations were at Sheffield,
1334:Rail transport in Sheffield
506:Connecting to the SA&MR
436:Opening and early operation
1380:
946:Sheffield and its Railways
845:Railway Centres: Sheffield
675:Fenton, Murray and Jackson
619:Sheffield District Railway
616:
613:Sheffield District Railway
524:Sheffield Victoria station
285:United Kingdom legislation
431:Example of fishbelly rail
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1237:(p177) London: Heinemann
1233:Ransom, P.J. G., (1990)
1222:I Tried to Run a Railway
1194:, Fonthill Media, 2017,
673:was supplied in 1839 by
636:Tinsley Marshalling Yard
269:Design and authorisation
1088:South Yorkshire Railway
677:, who provided another
557:South Yorkshire Railway
551:South Yorkshire Railway
1003:Batty, paged 15 and 17
604:Masborough south curve
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184:, and in Rotherham at
922:Batty, pages 13 to 15
629:Great Eastern Railway
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241:North Midland Railway
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170:North Midland Railway
122:5 miles (8.0 km)
1319:History of Sheffield
990:Clement E Stretton,
1246:Lowe, J.W., (1989)
833:, pages 155 and 156
542:Railway connections
420:, Blackburn Forge,
414:Grimesthorpe Bridge
219:the Duke of Norfolk
1125:Stretton, page 193
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407:Frederick Swanwick
237:
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1200:978-1-78155-628-3
1096:978-0-902844-04-9
1068:Stretton, page 89
904:Francis Whishaw,
890:978-1-78589-353-7
855:, pages 10 and 11
843:Stephen R Batty,
463:Greasbrough Canal
403:6 & 7 Will. 4
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355:Other legislation
333:6 & 7 Will. 4
298:Act of Parliament
226:George Stephenson
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176:and by-pass
165:
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26:
931:M E Quick,
823:David Joy,
657:Isaac Dodds
361:Repealed by
350:4 July 1836
128:Track gauge
119:Line length
48: 1840
1308:Categories
1280:, page 137
1202:, page 125
892:, page 498
798:References
661:The Cutler
580:Chapeltown
418:Brightside
318:Long title
200:Background
83:Heavy rail
1098:, page 15
969:, page 53
944:T Booth,
687:Sheffield
679:Rotherham
561:Doncaster
491:Sheffield
258:Rotherham
254:Masbrough
178:Sheffield
174:Rotherham
114:Technical
627:and the
576:Wombwell
572:Barnsley
335:. c. cix
328:Citation
279:turnpike
215:wagonway
186:Westgate
147: in
55:Overview
565:Swinton
452:Victory
448:Victory
142:⁄
89:History
74:Service
68:England
1276:
1198:
1175:
1094:
965:
888:
851:
829:
671:Agilis
456:London
422:Holmes
182:Wicker
102:Closed
94:Opened
60:Locale
747:Notes
683:Leeds
668:2-2-2
340:Dates
256:, in
249:Leeds
245:Derby
243:from
1274:ISBN
1196:ISBN
1173:ISBN
1092:ISBN
963:ISBN
886:ISBN
849:ISBN
827:ISBN
555:The
164:The
79:Type
696:.
563:to
247:to
1310::
1183:^
1160:^
1148:^
1039:^
983:^
913:^
897:^
873:^
806:^
638:.
458:.
416:,
153:)
66:,
45:c.
401:(
149:(
144:2
140:1
137:+
135:8
109:)
20:)
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