Knowledge (XXG)

Sheffield and Rotherham Railway

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Midland determined to do something about it. This materialised as a new line from Tapton Junction, north of Chesterfield, to a new Sheffield station, and a connection from there to the S&RR line at Grimesthorpe Junction. George Stephenson's objection to such a route had been based on the available power of contemporary locomotives, and by this time the technology had progressed. The new line opened on 1 February 1870. The large, new station was known as Sheffield New Midland station until 1876. The Wicker station closed to passengers on the same day.
196:, and a new main station in Sheffield. Trains proceeding north from the new station joined the S&RR route, which continued in use. Over the years a number of branch lines were constructed diverging from the S&RR line, and in 1987 a connection was made into another line at Rotherham, giving access to a more central passenger station there. Nearly the whole extent of the original S&RR line continues in main line use in 2023. 39: 663:. While up to that time, locomotive boilers had been fastened rigidly to the frames, Dodds fastened it at the front only, allowing for movement with expansion at the firebox end. Whether this locomotive was built by him, or whether the railway itself built any, is unclear, though Dodds left in 1842 to set up in business on his own. Certainly, at that time, demand may have been outstripping supply. 515:
both companies. The facilities at Wicker were limited: it had only a single passenger platform. It seemed improbable that Wicker could handle all the Manchester traffic of the SA&MR as well as all the northward and southward traffic of the Midland Railway. Moreover, at the time the SA&MR were supporting a Chesterfield line competing with the NMR, and the S&RR proposition was declined.
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convenient for the central area of Rotherham. The route of the original Rotherham Westgate line from Holmes Junction was still available, and intersected the former SYR route. In 1987 a connection was made and Rotherham Central station was reinstated as the station for the town. Masborough closed in 1988, although non-stopping trains still used that route.
689:, said to be the first to have been built in that city, was provided in 1840 by Davy Brothers. This was a six-wheeled locomotive to design of a Mr. William Vickers. The 5 ft 6 inch driving wheels were connected by four-inch belts which provided traction on all wheels. It was later, it is believed, converted to a conventional pattern. 428: 232: 526:. Although use of the S&RR Wicker station had been turned down, the construction of a connection was sensible enough, and this opened on 1 January 1847 from Bridgehouses to Wicker. It was steeply graded at 1 in 36 and ran through Spital Hill Tunnel; it was only ever used for limited exchange of goods traffic. 477:
On 11 May 1840 the North Midland Railway opened its line from Derby to its own Rotherham station, named Masborough. The Greasbrough Canal line now served additionally as a west-to-north connection between the S&RR and the NMR, as the Greasbrough line had been laid out to run alongside the planned
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A project design was quickly prepared: much work had already been done in surveying the land between Rotherham and Sheffield, in connection with earlier schemes for a canal. The railway was aligned approximately north-northeast so that it also followed a gentle gradient, except for a short section of
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The opening of the S&RR encouraged heavy industry to be located along its route in Sheffield. The S&RR was absorbed by the much larger Midland Railway in 1845. The Wicker passenger terminal was cramped and restrictive and in 1870 the Midland Railway opened a new access route to Sheffield from
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The former South Yorkshire Railway station at Rotherham had closed to passengers in 1966. From that point the SYR route – now goods only – paralleled the former NMR route as far as Swinton, but passenger trains used Masborough station as the calling point for Rotherham. Masborough was not considered
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branch, or more colourfully the Blackburn Valley Line. It joined the S&RR at Blackburn Valley Junction, between Brightside and Wincobank. The passenger service to Sheffield (S&RR) did not open until November 1854. There had been some delay in agreeing this arrangement, because of the limited
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was then under construction, and was to have a Sheffield station very close to the Wicker station of the S&RR. In the summer of 1843, the directors of the S&RR approached the SA&MR, suggesting that a short junction line between them should be made, and the S&RR Wicker station used by
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and other guests to Rotherham; a breakfast followed by celebratory speeches took place at the Court House. The guests were later returned by train to Sheffield. The initial journey was described as a 'very elegant' train of yellow-painted carriages leaving the 'handsome and spacious shed' at Wicker.
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The connection at Masborough between the S&RR and the former North Midland Railway was north facing, and trains between points west of Sheffield and the south had to reverse at Rotherham, or after 1870 travel via the new Sheffield station. On 28 November 1881 a south curve, from Holmes Junction
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The original access to Sheffield, for what became the Midland Railway, involved going to Rotherham and then into Sheffield from the east over the former S&RR. This roundabout route, and the use of Wicker station as the Sheffield terminus, increasingly became a cause of dissatisfaction, and the
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to Holmes, serving local collieries, was opened on 7 August 1839. It was built by the North Midland Railway (which had not yet reached the area) and leased to the S&RR. It made an end-on connection with the Earl of Fitzwilliam's private railways. The end of the branch was at Park Gate, and the
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was submitted to Parliament for the 1836 session. Sheffield is located in a marked topographical depression, and the engineer for the North Midland Railway, George Stephenson, was against steep railway gradients because of the low tractive power of contemporary locomotives. Accordingly his planned
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Whishaw, writing in 1842, said that the passenger train service consisted of fourteen trains each way daily, Monday to Saturday, of which five ran to the NMR Masborough station. There were nine trains each way on Sundays. He reported that in the first six months of 1840, the line ran at a loss of
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and a single coach on the entire journey from Sheffield to London. The excursion started on Monday 11 May and arrival was expected on Wednesday 13. Mr and Mrs Vickers were the only passengers as far as Derby, where they were joined by George Stephenson and Michael Longridge, a producer of wrought
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The portion from Masborough to Derby had been specially expedited in order to form a junction with the Sheffield and Rotherham Company's system, giving Sheffield a direct railway connection. The decision had been taken in April 1840 by the Sheffield and Rotherham board to allow through working of
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Although services began with three classes of carriage, the second class was soon discarded. The first class consisted of the usual three compartments each holding six people and had Losh's patent wheels. The third class coaches apart from two were enclosed and held about 40 passengers, probably
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As competing railways developed in the general area, the Midland Railway became concerned that it might lose access to Sheffield if the S&RR was acquired by a competitor. It therefore decided that the S&RR should be vested in the Midland. The MR issued Sheffield and Rotherham preference
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shares paying 6% on the S&RR share capital of £150,000 in perpetuity. The act of Parliament for vesting the line in the Midland was passed on 21 July 1845, at which date the S&RR ceased to exist. The preference shares were converted under an act of Parliament of 1897.
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1 in 68 at the Rotherham terminus. The route was designed to make use of an alignment similar to that which was planned for the canal. The line was planned to run from the Wicker in Sheffield to Westgate in Rotherham, a distance of five miles.
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Steel making had developed as a prime industry in Sheffield well before the end of the eighteenth century. A wooden wagonway was in existence before 1729, bringing coal into the town, but it was out of use by the 1770s. In 1774 a new
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An early attempt at marketing tourism was made: "An omnibus would run from Sheffield Station on the arrival of each train (fare 4d)... through the heart of the town... to within a few minutes' walk of the beautiful Botanic Gardens."
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to Masborough South Junction, was provided, at first to goods traffic only; passenger trains started to use the curve from 1 January 1890. It was later closed to ordinary passenger traffic on 5 July 1954, and completely in 1978.
228:; Four counterbalanced inclined planes would be needed. The scheme involved passenger trains being hauled up by heavier limestone wagons descending; there would be a passing loop inside a tunnel. The scheme was not taken further. 281:
furnished sufficient accommodation between the two towns, and because they dreaded an incursion of the idle, drunken, and dissolute portion of the Sheffield people as a consequence of increasing the facilities of transit.
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The Wicker station had closed to passengers on 1 February 1870 when the new Sheffield station opened, together with the new main line approaching from the south. Wicker continued as a goods station until 12 July 1965.
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A ceremonial opening of the single-track main line of the S&RR took place on 31 October 1838, although earthworks were unfinished and the second track had not been laid. The first train on that day conveyed
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As the first railway in the locality, the Sheffield and Rotherham Railway main line became an important centre of industrial growth in Sheffield, and also the trunk of a number of additional connecting lines.
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The S&RR line was worked by the Midland Railway from 10 October 1844: the Midland Railway was formed on 10 May 1844 by the amalgamation of the North Midland Railway and certain other companies.
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When the details of the proposed line were published, a hundred and twenty inhabitants of Rotherham headed by their vicar petitioned against the bill, because they thought the canal and the
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The opening meant that through journeys to London were now possible, and a remarkable publicity stunt was undertaken. Mr W Vickers, the S&RR Chairman, sent the belt-driven locomotive
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trains off the North Midland line into Sheffield, and the S&RR timetable was adjusted to facilitate that. Trains from Derby reversed at the Masborough station.
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was the engineer of the S&RR. The line was of standard gauge, using fish-bellied cast iron rails mostly on stone blocks, with some untreated larch sleepers.
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A proper railway was the answer, but the difficult topography made the idea challenging. A Sheffield and Manchester Railway was proposed in 1830, engineered by
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The S&RR had been the first railway in the area, but as a short line it had limited potential, and the directors saw that expansion was essential. The
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A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain: volume VIII: South and West Yorkshire, David St John Thomas, Newton Abbot, 1975 reprinted 1984,
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An Act for making a Railway from Sheffield to Rotherham, with a Branch therefrom to Greasbrough Canal, all in the West Riding of the County of York.
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standing, and had the usual cast-iron wheels. Apart from one sheep truck, all the goods wagons belonged to Earl Fitzwilliam, the coal owner.
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Parliamentary bills for a railway between Rotherham and Sheffield were submitted in 1834 and 1835 without success, but a project for the
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The Lancashire, Derbyshire and East Coast Railway: Chesterfield to Langwith Junction, the Beighton Branch and Sheffield District Railway
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The Wicker station building may be seen in the background through the arch, downgraded to goods station status, photographed about 1898
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The line opened to the general public on the following day, 1 November 1838. The first train that day was pulled by the locomotive
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was opened bringing coal into the centre, and bringing about a remarkable reduction in the cost of coal. However the coal owner,
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Grimesthorpe Bridge; opened by 24 November 1838; closed 25 March 1839; reopened by 27 November 1839; closed after January 1843;
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The remainder of the original S&RR line continues in use as a key part of the main line between Sheffield and the north.
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Industrial activity in Sheffield created a considerable demand for coal and other minerals, and a branch line from the
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travelled to Rotherham in 17 minutes. The second outward train left two minutes later, hauled by the locomotive
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The Sheffield District Railway was a short connecting line, designed to give access to central Sheffield to the
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demanded the sum of £10 as a penalty for running over their line without giving the necessary 14 days' notice.
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Blackburn Forge; opened by 24 November 1838; name uncertain, and closed on 25 March 1839 as Blackburn Bridge;
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Sheffield; opened 1 November 1838; renamed Sheffield Wicker April 1852/October 1853; closed 1 February 1870;
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The Sheffield terminal is described by Joy as "central". It was located immediately north of the later
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was slowly building a complex network in the area, and on 10 November 1849, it opened a section from
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Rotherham; opened 1 November 1838; renamed Rotherham Westgate 1 May 1896; closed 6 October 1952.
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The Holmes; opened by 24 November 1838; renamed Holmes 1 January 1858; closed 19 September 1955;
405:. c. cix) on 4 July 1836. The North Midland Railway received its authorisation on the same day, 864:
Report in the Sheffield and Rotherham Independent (newspaper), quoted in Frederick S Williams,
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Brightside; opened by 24 November 1838; new station opened 29 May 1898; closed 30 January 1995;
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In fact the SA&MR opened its line in Sheffield on 14 July 1845; the Sheffield station was
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On 9 September 1854 the SYR opened a more direct connection with the S&RR; it ran from
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station site, and nowadays would be considered to be to the north of central Sheffield.
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By 1840 the line owned six locomotives, all six-wheeled, with one or more supplied by
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site developed as a coking works and chemical plant, lasting at least into the 1960s.
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In the 1960s the short main line of the District Railway formed the core of the new
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NMR alignment. The NMR opened its continuation northwards to Leeds on 1 July 1840.
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The district is known as Masbrough, but the railway always spelt it "Masborough".
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The Railways of Great Britain and Ireland Practically Described and Illustrated
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capacity at Wicker station, which was now becoming extremely congested.
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Drake's Roadbook of the Sheffield and Rotherham Railway, at archive.org
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Railway Passenger Stations in England, Wales and Scotland: A Chronology
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Westgate station at Rotherham closed to all traffic on 6 October 1952.
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Sheffield and Rotherham and Midland Railways Consolidation Act 1845
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The short connection from Wicker to Bridgehouses closed in 1948.
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The Sheffield & Rotherham Railway was incorporated by the
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Gough says opened to goods 28 May and passengers 30 May 1900.
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was a railway line in England, between the named places. The
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iron rails. The journey was apparently successful, but the
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was being promoted but its route was planned to go through
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Great Central: volume I: the Progenitors, 1813 to 1863
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21 July 1845 (line and operations taken over by the
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The Railways of Great Britain -- A Historical Atlas
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Directory of the Railway Companies of Great Britain
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Sheffield, Ashton-under-Lyne and Manchester Railway
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G., (1990) 1222:I Tried to Run a Railway 1194:, Fonthill Media, 2017, 673:was supplied in 1839 by 636:Tinsley Marshalling Yard 269:Design and authorisation 1088:South Yorkshire Railway 677:, who provided another 557:South Yorkshire Railway 551:South Yorkshire Railway 1003:Batty, paged 15 and 17 604:Masborough south curve 596: 474: 432: 236: 209: 184:, and in Rotherham at 922:Batty, pages 13 to 15 629:Great Eastern Railway 594: 472: 430: 241:North Midland Railway 234: 207: 170:North Midland Railway 122:5 miles (8.0 km) 1319:History of Sheffield 990:Clement E Stretton, 1246:Lowe, J.W., (1989) 833:, pages 155 and 156 542:Railway connections 420:, Blackburn Forge, 414:Grimesthorpe Bridge 219:the Duke of Norfolk 1125:Stretton, page 193 597: 475: 433: 407:Frederick Swanwick 237: 210: 1200:978-1-78155-628-3 1096:978-0-902844-04-9 1068:Stretton, page 89 904:Francis Whishaw, 890:978-1-78589-353-7 855:, pages 10 and 11 843:Stephen R Batty, 463:Greasbrough Canal 403:6 & 7 Will. 4 391: 390: 355:Other legislation 333:6 & 7 Will. 4 298:Act of Parliament 226:George Stephenson 162: 161: 43:Westgate Station 16:(Redirected from 1371: 1281: 1266: 1260: 1257: 1251: 1250:Guild Publishing 1244: 1238: 1231: 1225: 1218: 1212: 1209: 1203: 1188: 1179: 1165: 1156: 1153: 1144: 1141: 1135: 1132: 1126: 1123: 1117: 1114: 1108: 1105: 1099: 1084: 1078: 1075: 1069: 1066: 1060: 1057: 1051: 1044: 1035: 1028: 1022: 1019: 1013: 1010: 1004: 1001: 995: 988: 979: 976: 970: 955: 949: 942: 936: 929: 923: 920: 909: 902: 893: 880:Donald J Grant, 878: 869: 862: 856: 841: 835: 821: 791: 788: 782: 779: 773: 770: 764: 757: 666:One engine, the 443:Earl Fitzwilliam 399: 398: 379:Status: Repealed 307: 306: 293: 288: 158: 152: 148: 146: 145: 141: 138: 49: 46: 41: 29: 21: 1379: 1378: 1374: 1373: 1372: 1370: 1369: 1368: 1314:Midland Railway 1304: 1303: 1290: 1285: 1284: 1267: 1263: 1259:Batty, page 100 1258: 1254: 1245: 1241: 1232: 1228: 1219: 1215: 1210: 1206: 1189: 1182: 1166: 1159: 1154: 1147: 1142: 1138: 1134:Quick, page 401 1133: 1129: 1124: 1120: 1116:Franks, page 28 1115: 1111: 1106: 1102: 1085: 1081: 1076: 1072: 1067: 1063: 1058: 1054: 1045: 1038: 1029: 1025: 1020: 1016: 1011: 1007: 1002: 998: 989: 982: 977: 973: 956: 952: 943: 939: 930: 926: 921: 912: 903: 896: 879: 872: 863: 859: 842: 838: 822: 805: 800: 795: 794: 789: 785: 780: 776: 771: 767: 758: 754: 749: 724: 706: 685:. 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361:Repealed by 350:4 July 1836 128:Track gauge 119:Line length 48: 1840 1308:Categories 1280:, page 137 1202:, page 125 892:, page 498 798:References 661:The Cutler 580:Chapeltown 418:Brightside 318:Long title 200:Background 83:Heavy rail 1098:, page 15 969:, page 53 944:T Booth, 687:Sheffield 679:Rotherham 561:Doncaster 491:Sheffield 258:Rotherham 254:Masbrough 178:Sheffield 174:Rotherham 114:Technical 627:and the 576:Wombwell 572:Barnsley 335:. c. cix 328:Citation 279:turnpike 215:wagonway 186:Westgate 147: in 55:Overview 565:Swinton 452:Victory 448:Victory 142:⁄ 89:History 74:Service 68:England 1276:  1198:  1175:  1094:  965:  888:  851:  829:  671:Agilis 456:London 422:Holmes 182:Wicker 102:Closed 94:Opened 60:Locale 747:Notes 683:Leeds 668:2-2-2 340:Dates 256:, in 249:Leeds 245:Derby 243:from 1274:ISBN 1196:ISBN 1173:ISBN 1092:ISBN 963:ISBN 886:ISBN 849:ISBN 827:ISBN 555:The 164:The 79:Type 696:. 563:to 247:to 1310:: 1183:^ 1160:^ 1148:^ 1039:^ 983:^ 913:^ 897:^ 873:^ 806:^ 638:. 458:. 416:, 153:) 66:, 45:c. 401:( 149:( 144:2 140:1 137:+ 135:8 109:) 20:)

Index

Sheffield & Rotherham Railway

South Yorkshire
England
Heavy rail
Midland Railway
Track gauge
standard gauge
North Midland Railway
Rotherham
Sheffield
Wicker
Westgate
Bradway Tunnel

wagonway
the Duke of Norfolk
George Stephenson

North Midland Railway
Derby
Leeds
Masbrough
Rotherham
turnpike
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Long title
Citation
6 & 7 Will. 4
Royal assent

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