3493:, India between 1822 and 1828, described the five-fold significance of these traditional Hindu mandirs. Firstly, mandirs served as a holy place for offering worship, constructed and consecrated according to the Hindu scriptures. Given their holiness, they were also ideal locations to celebrate Hindu festivals and to perform religious rituals. Mandirs additionally functioned as a locus for spiritual gatherings and instruction, and as centers for the study of Sanskrit, the scriptures, and devotional arts. Finally, mandirs served as a base for charitable services, as alms, medicines, and clothes were donated by devotees to the needy.
3812:) which are provided for visitors. Raymond Williams observes, "Overnight accommodation is provided for members upon request in simple but comfortable rooms. Food and lodging are provided for individuals or families who wish to make a visit to the temple on their travels or who are making a religious pilgrimage to visit the main temples. Provision is made for large numbers of persons who come to the temples for festivals lasting several days. No charge is made for the accommodation; nevertheless, most visitors make a donation. Small temples may have only two or three guest rooms, but larger
3538:), similar in shape to a mountain, symbolizes upward aspiration. Scholar Raymond Williams describes the domes and spires as serving to āremind devotees that at the sacred place of the residence of the gods, the plane between the earthly and the divine is broken. Thus they are reminded that the purpose of their visit is to aid their own spiritual ascent. One layman remarked that the temples are constructed in the shape of the summit of the mountains with the highest spires suggesting the world of the sky; a touch of the infinite is brought into the mundane world.ā The inner sanctum (
3485:
important functions in the social and cultural spheres of Hindu life in India. George
Michell, a scholar of Indian archaeology and architecture, has observed, āThe temple is the most characteristic artistic expression of Hinduism, providing a focus for both the social and spiritual life of the community it serves.ā Traditional shikharbaddha mandirs have also been built outside the Indian subcontinent, and function as a means for members of the Hindu diaspora to connect with and celebrate their cultural and spiritual heritage.
3772:, typically simple buildings often converted from a warehouse or something similar, and which housed simplified rituals that did not require sadhus as pujaris. In turn, as the community of devotees grew in size and could bear the expense, the devotees built shikharbaddha mandirs as expressions of their devotion; the first six such shikharbadhha mandirs were built by Swaminarayan himself. Scholar Hanna Kim explains, "The carved stone mandir, in other words, reveals in the most concrete way, the devotional commitment of
3369:
3664:, the reading of portions of the sacred scriptures and religious discourses given by an ascetic or learned householder. Larger mandirs, including many shikharbaddha mandirs, have assembly halls where these discourses are delivered. If the crowds are too large for the assembly hall, as on important festival days, the open space of the courtyard is often used.
51:
3816:
have several buildings with the capacity to house hundreds of pilgrims. The BAPS temple in
Amdavad constructed an eight-story dharmashala that houses a modern medical facility on the ground floor where pilgrims can obtain a complete physical examination. New buildings are being constructed at many
3484:
Shikharbaddha mandirs house the sacred images of the deity in the central shrines, thus becoming a sacred space and place of worship where Hindus come to pray, worship, meditate, and offer devotion to the Deity. Shikharbaddh mandirs serve not only as traditional places of worship, but also hold
3792:
have voluntarily contributed to mandir projects as a means by which to cultivate themselves into an image of the ideal devotee, the one whose behavior is mimetically connected to the Guru and is therefore, like the Guru, in a constant state of serving
Bhagwan. As
3427:, typically featuring architecture characterized by superstructures with towers pinnacles and domes and often built of carved marble, sandstone, or other stone. While such mandirs are common in many branches of Hinduism, the use of the term
3787:
are built through thousands of voluntary contributions, considered to be an expression of the devoteesā devotion. Scholar Hanna Kim notes, "From the fund-raising to the final stone polishing, thousands of
3554:
While shikharbaddha mandirs can differ in their daily rituals, certain customs and practices are relatively common amongst various Hindu sects. Many mandirs perform five
3505:
sacred Hindu texts that prescribe the canons of traditional architecture, narrate how the structure of a shikharbaddha mandir symbolically represents the body of
3729:
comprises one of the largest Hindu temple complexes in India. Numerous traditional shikharbaddha mandirs have also been constructed outside the United States.
3531:
embody the soul of the structure. This gives rise to certain rules of etiquette for worshippers, such as removing oneās shoes when entering a temple.
3808:
serving in the temple typically reside in residence halls within the compounds. A striking feature of the
Swaminarayan temples are the guest houses (
99:
2276:
862:
3534:
The structure of shikharbaddha mandir also reflects deep-rooted undertones of spiritual aspiration and enlightenment. For instance, the pinnacle (
3797:
recount, this devotionally prescribed posture of service and sacrifice, as exemplified by the Guru, prompts their commitment to sponsor and build
4186:
4146:
3546:
resides, serves as the metaphorical embryo of the temple; accordingly, devotees are said to attain new spiritual life while worshipping here.
4235:
4184:
Kim, Hanna (2009). "Public
Engagement and Personal Desires: Baps Swaminarayan Temples and Their Contribution to the Discourses on Religion".
4144:
Kim, Hanna (2009). "Public
Engagement and Personal Desires: Baps Swaminarayan Temples and Their Contribution to the Discourses on Religion".
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refers to a type of Hindu or Jain temple with a pinnacle atop its sacred shrine that makes it appear bounded by a mountain peak.
2185:
1016:
136:
3733:
1609:
3675:
are consecrated and the Deity is invoked into the images. Hindu scriptures specify that only āone in whose every organ
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as an invocation to the deity prior to beginning worship. Ringing bells are also used to announce the start of
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has remained an important means of expressing and promoting
Swaminarayan 'upasana'." From the time of
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687:
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to
Swaminarayan teachings and their determination to direct their resources towards its realization."
1492:
3327:
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3204:
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2444:
2414:
2245:
2150:
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3527:), each major external feature symbolizes parts of the form of the Purusha deity, and the enshrined
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2006:
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728:
682:
192:
94:
85:
65:
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branch of
Hinduism as well as Jainism. The opposite of the shikharbaddha temple is one without a
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2235:
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ceremony itself. The worshiper may go to other locations in the mandir complex where there are
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550:
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3633:) inside or near the central shrine for worshippers to ring upon entering. Devotees ring the
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1996:
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1986:
1936:
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1371:
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3725:, and has a history dating as far back as the beginning of the common area. Delhiās
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2190:
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1981:
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951:
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17:
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2011:
2001:
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Shikharbaddha mandir complexes also encompass numerous associated structures.
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of the deities. On a typical visit to the mandir, complex devotees perform
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sects. It is also the first consecrated Jain temple in the
Western World.
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1966:
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1182:
852:
832:
792:
758:
738:
718:
604:
215:
173:
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42:
3801:
in record time, ranging between sixteen months to just over two years."
3764:, groups of devotees worshipped at home in small, family shrines called
3714:
3653:, circumambulating around one or more of the shrines while viewing the
3570:, or images of the Lord, that are housed within the mandir. The first
3523:
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3190:
3154:
3144:
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2332:
2031:
1976:
1710:
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1630:
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1472:
1359:
1036:
1031:
991:
898:
893:
883:
870:
857:
847:
822:
733:
723:
532:
496:
384:
369:
364:
300:
295:
259:
254:
241:
3736:
is also a notable shikharbaddha mandir. Its main idol is of the Lord
3424:
3159:
2973:
2289:
2016:
1901:
1801:
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1700:
1675:
1464:
1334:
1177:
1152:
1091:
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971:
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903:
827:
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713:
638:
573:
558:
460:
404:
389:
335:
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228:
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60:
3817:
temples, mainly to accommodate the increased number of pilgrims."
3722:
3693:
3565:
3555:
3543:
3528:
3514:
3417:
3176:
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2811:
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2323:
1861:
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1635:
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1436:
1416:
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996:
981:
956:
807:
777:
663:
563:
394:
359:
330:
325:
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305:
233:
3509:, or Cosmic Man. The mandir is constructed in the layout of the
3957:. Albany: State University of New York Press. pp. 268ā271.
3421:
1645:
1426:
1396:
1339:
1086:
1073:
966:
568:
409:
399:
374:
340:
290:
272:
3614:
and other rituals in a shikharbaddha mandir are performed by
3517:
cosmology. From the foundations of the mandir to the flags (
3679:
resides fully, that pure Mahapurush is eligible to perform
513:
50:
3886:
The Hindu Temple: An Introduction to Its Meaning and Forms
3740:. This temple is the first in the world to cater for both
3513:, which is a metaphysical blueprint depicting personified
3667:
The landmark ritual for any shikharbaddha mandir is the
3768:. Then, as families needed to congregate, they built
3756:
In the Swaminarayan tradition, "the construction of
3752:
Shikharbaddha mandirs and the Swaminarayan tradition
4121:"Jain Temples in the UK | Institute of Jainology"
3717:in Gujarat is considered to be one of the twelve
4038:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 124ā125.
3862:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 123ā136.
3564:corresponds with rituals surrounding the sacred
3489:, who consecrated six shikharbaddha mandirs in
3431:to describe such mandirs is most common in the
3451:is a Hindu, Jain or Buddhist temple. The term
3705:rituals to inaugurate shikharbaddha mandirs.
3393:
8:
4230:. Cambridge University Press. p. 133.
4090:. Cambridge University Press. p. 132.
3683:, because it is only he who can invoke the
3660:Some devotees remain in the mandir to hear
4110:PanchrĆ£tra, VaihĆ£yasi SamhitĆ£ (9/82-84,90)
3888:. University of Chicago Press. p. 14.
3400:
3386:
29:
3982:. Swaminarayan Aksharpith. pp. 6ā7.
3842:The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary
4179:
4177:
3560:throughout the day. The timing of each
4219:
4217:
4002:
4000:
3904:. Swaminarayan Aksharpith. p. 39.
3826:
2277:Sources and classification of scripture
41:
4187:International Journal of Hindu Studies
4147:International Journal of Hindu Studies
4063:. Swaminarayan Aksharpith. p. 9.
4011:. Swaminarayan Aksharpith. p. 6.
3586:have been adorned with garments. The
4227:Introduction to Swaminarayan Hinduism
4087:Introduction to Swaminarayan Hinduism
4035:Introduction to Swaminarayan Hinduism
3859:Introduction to Swaminarayan Hinduism
899:Anupalabdi (non-perception, negation)
894:ArthÄpatti (postulation, presumption)
7:
3578:, is performed before sunrise. The
3671:, the sacred ceremony in which the
3929:. New York: Cassell. p. 116.
25:
3629:Most mandirs also include bells (
3610:are put to rest for the night.
3594:are offered food. At dusk, the
3367:
49:
4059:Mukundcharandas, Sadhu (2005).
4007:Mukundcharandas, Sadhu (2005).
3978:Mukundcharandas, Sadhu (2005).
3927:Hinduism and the Religious Arts
3900:Mukundcharandas, Sadhu (2005).
3590:is performed at noon, when the
3626:typically fulfill such roles.
3439:tower, i.e. with a flat roof.
137:Epic-Puranic royal genealogies
27:Hindh or Jain place of worship
1:
3902:Swaminarayan: An Introduction
3709:Notable shikharbaddha mandirs
3521:) waving atop the pinnacles (
3198:Other society-related topics:
889:UpamÄį¹a (comparison, analogy)
3309:Hinduism and other religions
2106:Chandrashekarendra Saraswati
3691:.ā Accordingly, spiritual
3465:meaning mountain peak, and
3054:Kamba Ramayanam/Ramavataram
3026:Naalayira Divya Prabandham
754:Arishadvargas (six enemies)
698:Antaįø„karaį¹a (mental organs)
693:SÅ«kį¹£ma ÅarÄ«ra (subtle body)
4274:
4224:Williams, Raymond (2001).
4084:Williams, Raymond (2001).
4032:Williams, Raymond (2001).
3856:Williams, Raymond (2001).
3687:within his heart into the
3606:, is performed before the
2930:Naalayira Divya Prabandham
1610:Gurus, sants, philosophers
1546:Akshar Purushottam Darshan
734:Uparati (self-settledness)
4258:Hindu temple architecture
4200:10.1007/s11407-010-9081-4
4160:10.1007/s11407-010-9081-4
3844:. Banarsidass Publishers.
3657:in the sacred precincts.
3598:is performed. The final
3469:, meaning bound Thus, a
2096:Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati
749:Samadhana (concentration)
613:Three paths to liberation
120:Tribal religions in India
105:Historical Vedic religion
100:Indus Valley Civilisation
3925:Elgood, Heather (1999).
3884:Michell, George (1977).
925:, sacrifice, and charity
4061:Hindu Rites and Rituals
4009:Hindu Rites and Rituals
3980:Hindu Rites and Rituals
3840:Apte, Vaman S. (1998).
3582:is performed after the
3497:Structure and symbolism
3103:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam
2316:Timeline of Hindu texts
2221:Siddharameshwar Maharaj
1249:Pumsavana Simantonayana
904:Åabda (word, testimony)
142:Epic-Puranic chronology
110:Dravidian folk religion
3641:as well as during the
3068:Eighteen Greater Texts
2697:Brahma Vaivarta Purana
2126:Krishnananda Saraswati
1365:Vijayadashami-Dussehra
879:Pratyakį¹£a (perception)
739:Titiksha (forbearance)
3814:shikharbaddha mandirs
3799:shikharbaddha mandirs
3734:Jain Centre Leicester
3511:Vastu Purusha Mandala
3480:Aims and significance
3184:Varna-related topics:
3075:Eighteen Lesser Texts
2648:Devi Bhagavata Purana
1539:Svabhavika Bhedabheda
1525:Achintya Bheda Abheda
1457:Philosophical schools
759:Ahamkara (attachment)
719:Vairagya (dispassion)
647:Mokį¹£a-related topics:
3955:A Survey of Hinduism
3618:; in other types of
3471:shikharbaddha mandir
3429:shikharbaddha mandir
3414:shikharbaddha mandir
3316:Hinduism and Jainism
2246:Vethathiri Maharishi
2151:Nisargadatta Maharaj
714:Viveka (discernment)
89:(500/200 BCEā300 CE)
3951:Klostermaier, Klaus
3550:Customs and rituals
3455:is composed of the
3374:Hinduism portal
3253:Hinduism by country
3089:Iraiyanar Akapporul
3033:TirumurukÄį¹į¹uppaį¹ai
2116:Dayananda Saraswati
2101:Bhaktivinoda Thakur
2007:Sripada Srivallabha
1947:Raghunatha Siromani
1912:Narasimha Saraswati
1812:Santadas Kathiababa
884:AnumÄį¹a (inference)
3701:often perform the
3268:Caribbean Shaktism
2987:Kanakadhara Stotra
2236:U. G. Krishnamurti
2216:Satyadhyana Tirtha
1807:Gangesha Upadhyaya
1465:Six Astika schools
709:Änanda (happiness)
688:AnÄtman (non-self)
18:Shikharband Mandir
4237:978-0-521-65422-7
4125:www.jainology.org
4097:978-0-521-65422-7
4045:978-0-521-65422-7
3964:978-0-7914-7081-7
3869:978-0-521-65422-7
3727:Chhatarpur temple
3416:is a traditional
3410:
3409:
3261:Balinese Hinduism
2760:Markandeya Purana
1997:Satyanatha Tirtha
1952:Raghuttama Tirtha
1942:Raghavendra Swami
1782:Ramdas Kathiababa
863:Sources of dharma
729:Dama (temperance)
724:Sama (equanimity)
90:
16:(Redirected from
4265:
4242:
4241:
4221:
4212:
4211:
4181:
4172:
4171:
4141:
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3853:
3847:
3845:
3837:
3831:
3681:prĆ£na pratishthĆ£
3669:prƔna pratishthƔ
3503:Shilpa ShÄstras,
3425:place of worship
3402:
3395:
3388:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3332:and Christianity
3302:Pilgrimage sites
3232:Reform movements
3110:Vinayagar Agaval
3061:Five Great Epics
3010:Tamil literature
2909:Sushruta Samhita
2704:Bhavishya Purana
2690:Brahmanda Purana
2641:Bhagavata Purana
2569:Other scriptures
2131:Mahavatar Babaji
1706:Satyakama Jabala
1377:Ganesh Chaturthi
1231:Rites of passage
744:Shraddha (faith)
162:Major traditions
88:
53:
30:
21:
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3854:
3850:
3839:
3838:
3834:
3828:
3823:
3754:
3711:
3552:
3499:
3482:
3476:
3445:
3406:
3368:
3366:
3347:
3346:
3340:
3310:
3276:
3255:
3247:
3237:
3236:
3199:
3132:
3124:
3116:
3115:
3012:
2980:
2902:Charaka Samhita
2881:VaiÅeį¹£ika SÅ«tra
2839:Shilpa Shastras
2818:
2771:
2655:Naradiya Purana
2627:
2622:
2597:
2571:
2530:
2394:
2326:
2310:
2279:
2271:
2261:
2260:
2206:Shirdi Sai Baba
2201:Sathya Sai Baba
2181:Ramana Maharshi
2085:
2052:Vadiraja Tirtha
2047:VÄcaspati MiÅra
1927:Srinivasacharya
1907:Narahari Tirtha
1887:Matsyendranatha
1872:KumÄrila Bhaį¹į¹a
1837:Jagannatha Dasa
1827:Haridasa Thakur
1741:
1620:
1612:
1602:
1601:
1557:
1518:Vishishtadvaita
1467:
1459:
1449:
1448:
1402:Makar Sankranti
1382:Vasant Panchami
1345:Maha Shivaratri
1329:
1233:
1142:
1076:
1045:
926:
917:
909:
908:
873:
767:
704:PrajƱa (wisdom)
700:
677:
641:
615:
584:
553:
551:Meaning of life
538:God in Hinduism
527:
491:
489:Supreme reality
466:Subtle elements
455:
436:
430:
420:
419:
275:
244:
218:
210:
200:
199:
196:
163:
157:
147:
146:
91:
86:Hindu synthesis
82:
77:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4271:
4269:
4261:
4260:
4250:
4249:
4244:
4243:
4236:
4213:
4173:
4136:
4112:
4103:
4096:
4076:
4069:
4051:
4044:
4024:
4017:
3996:
3988:
3970:
3963:
3942:
3935:
3917:
3910:
3892:
3876:
3868:
3848:
3832:
3825:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3783:organization,
3753:
3750:
3715:Somnath mandir
3710:
3707:
3551:
3548:
3498:
3495:
3481:
3478:
3444:
3441:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3397:
3390:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3363:
3362:
3357:
3349:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3338:
3312:
3311:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3278:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3264:
3263:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3248:
3243:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3205:Discrimination
3201:
3200:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3187:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3173:
3172:
3163:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3141:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3096:Abirami Antati
3092:
3085:
3078:
3071:
3064:
3057:
3050:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3014:
3013:
3008:
3005:
3004:
2997:
2990:
2982:
2981:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2944:Ramcharitmanas
2940:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2905:
2898:
2895:Pramana Sutras
2891:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2867:Mimamsa Sutras
2863:
2860:Samkhya Sutras
2856:
2849:
2842:
2835:
2828:
2825:Dharma Shastra
2820:
2819:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2795:
2788:
2781:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2764:
2763:
2756:
2749:
2742:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2714:
2707:
2700:
2693:
2686:
2679:
2672:
2665:
2658:
2651:
2644:
2637:
2629:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2607:
2599:
2598:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2581:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2515:
2508:
2500:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2485:
2477:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2462:
2459:Shvetashvatara
2455:
2448:
2441:
2434:
2431:Brihadaranyaka
2426:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2411:
2403:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2350:
2343:
2336:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2281:
2280:
2275:
2272:
2267:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2241:Upasni Maharaj
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2067:Vedanta Desika
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1987:Samarth Ramdas
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1937:Purandara Dasa
1934:
1929:
1924:
1922:Nimbarkacharya
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1842:Jayanta Bhatta
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1616:
1613:
1608:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1542:
1535:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1507:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1460:
1455:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1372:Raksha Bandhan
1369:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1254:Simantonnayana
1251:
1246:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1203:Carnatic music
1200:
1195:
1190:
1188:Bhagavata Mela
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1132:Kundalini yoga
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
928:
927:
921:
918:
915:
914:
911:
910:
907:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
875:
874:
869:
866:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
769:
768:
765:
762:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
695:
690:
685:
679:
678:
675:
672:
671:
666:
661:
656:
650:
649:
643:
642:
637:
634:
633:
628:
623:
617:
616:
611:
608:
607:
602:
597:
592:
586:
585:
582:Stages of life
580:
577:
576:
571:
566:
561:
555:
554:
549:
546:
545:
543:God and gender
540:
535:
529:
528:
525:
522:
521:
516:
511:
510:
509:
504:
493:
492:
487:
484:
483:
478:
476:Gross elements
473:
468:
463:
457:
456:
453:
450:
449:
444:
438:
437:
434:
431:
426:
425:
422:
421:
418:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
351:
350:
344:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
287:
286:
277:
276:
266:
263:
262:
257:
252:
246:
245:
240:
237:
236:
231:
226:
220:
219:
214:
211:
206:
205:
202:
201:
198:
197:
190:
187:
186:
181:
176:
171:
165:
164:
161:
158:
153:
152:
149:
148:
145:
144:
139:
134:
132:Itihasa-Purana
123:
122:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
78:
75:
74:
71:
70:
69:
68:
63:
55:
54:
46:
45:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4270:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4239:
4233:
4229:
4228:
4220:
4218:
4214:
4209:
4205:
4201:
4197:
4193:
4189:
4188:
4180:
4178:
4174:
4169:
4165:
4161:
4157:
4153:
4149:
4148:
4140:
4137:
4126:
4122:
4116:
4113:
4107:
4104:
4099:
4093:
4089:
4088:
4080:
4077:
4072:
4070:81-7526-356-3
4066:
4062:
4055:
4052:
4047:
4041:
4037:
4036:
4028:
4025:
4020:
4018:81-7526-356-3
4014:
4010:
4003:
4001:
3997:
3991:
3989:81-7526-356-3
3985:
3981:
3974:
3971:
3966:
3960:
3956:
3952:
3946:
3943:
3938:
3936:0-304-70739-2
3932:
3928:
3921:
3918:
3913:
3911:81-7526-259-1
3907:
3903:
3896:
3893:
3887:
3880:
3877:
3871:
3865:
3861:
3860:
3852:
3849:
3843:
3836:
3833:
3830:
3827:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3802:
3800:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3782:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3751:
3749:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3730:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3708:
3706:
3704:
3700:
3696:
3695:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3665:
3663:
3658:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3627:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3568:
3563:
3559:
3558:
3549:
3547:
3545:
3542:), where the
3541:
3537:
3532:
3530:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3463:
3458:
3454:
3453:shikharbaddha
3450:
3442:
3440:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3403:
3398:
3396:
3391:
3389:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3375:
3365:
3364:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3352:
3351:
3350:
3343:
3339:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3307:
3306:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3279:
3275:Hindu culture
3273:
3272:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3249:
3246:
3241:
3240:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3227:Organisations
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3196:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3165:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3100:
3098:
3097:
3093:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3084:
3083:
3079:
3077:
3076:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3042:
3041:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3023:
3021:
3020:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3006:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2989:
2988:
2984:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2951:Yoga Vasistha
2948:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2916:Natya Shastra
2913:
2911:
2910:
2906:
2904:
2903:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2885:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2853:Brahma Sutras
2850:
2848:
2847:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2799:Sthapatyaveda
2796:
2794:
2793:
2792:Gandharvaveda
2789:
2787:
2786:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2753:Varaha Purana
2750:
2748:
2747:
2746:Skanda Purana
2743:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2687:
2685:
2684:
2683:Brahma Purana
2680:
2678:
2677:
2676:Garuda Purana
2673:
2671:
2670:
2669:Matsya Purana
2666:
2664:
2663:
2662:VÄmana Purana
2659:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2634:Vishnu Purana
2631:
2630:
2626:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2578:Bhagavad Gita
2575:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2479:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2405:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2349:
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2337:
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2329:
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2314:
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2301:
2298:
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2239:
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2222:
2219:
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2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
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2202:
2199:
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2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2161:Radhakrishnan
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2141:Narayana Guru
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2121:Jaggi Vasudev
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2111:Chinmayananda
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2078:
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2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1972:Ramprasad Sen
1970:
1968:
1965:
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1960:
1958:
1955:
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1822:Gorakshanatha
1820:
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1800:
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1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1762:Allama Prabhu
1760:
1758:
1757:Akka Mahadevi
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1747:Abhinavagupta
1745:
1744:
1740:
1736:
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1732:
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1699:
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1696:Prashastapada
1694:
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1583:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1556:Other schools
1554:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1532:Shuddhadvaita
1529:
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1522:
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1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1213:Kalaripayattu
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
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1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1148:Bharatanatyam
1146:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
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1098:
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1052:
1049:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1027:Nritta-Nritya
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
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985:
983:
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975:
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948:
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905:
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868:
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811:
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779:
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764:
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742:
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732:
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629:
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619:
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583:
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548:
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544:
541:
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531:
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512:
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324:
322:
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314:
312:
309:
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294:
292:
289:
288:
285:
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270:
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235:
232:
230:
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217:
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209:
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195:
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189:
188:
185:
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177:
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167:
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159:
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151:
150:
143:
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135:
133:
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121:
118:
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113:
111:
108:
106:
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101:
98:
96:
93:
87:
84:
83:
81:
73:
72:
67:
64:
62:
59:
58:
57:
56:
52:
48:
47:
44:
40:
36:
32:
31:
19:
4226:
4191:
4185:
4151:
4145:
4139:
4128:. Retrieved
4124:
4115:
4106:
4086:
4079:
4060:
4054:
4034:
4027:
4008:
3979:
3973:
3954:
3945:
3926:
3920:
3901:
3895:
3885:
3879:
3858:
3851:
3841:
3835:
3829:
3813:
3810:dharmashalas
3809:
3805:
3803:
3798:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3781:Swaminarayan
3778:
3773:
3770:hari mandirs
3769:
3766:ghar mandirs
3765:
3762:Swaminarayan
3757:
3755:
3731:
3718:
3712:
3702:
3698:
3692:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3676:
3672:
3668:
3666:
3661:
3659:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3628:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3602:of the day,
3599:
3596:sandhyÄ Ärti
3595:
3591:
3588:rÄjbhog Ärti
3587:
3583:
3580:shangÄr Ärti
3579:
3575:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3553:
3539:
3535:
3533:
3522:
3518:
3502:
3500:
3487:Swaminarayan
3483:
3475:
3470:
3466:
3461:
3452:
3448:
3446:
3433:Swaminarayan
3428:
3413:
3411:
3334: /
3330: /
3326: /
3322: /
3320:and Buddhism
3318: /
3282:Architecture
3245:Other topics
3183:
3166:
3138:Four varnas:
3137:
3108:
3101:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3017:
2999:
2992:
2985:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2923:Panchatantra
2921:
2914:
2907:
2900:
2893:
2886:
2879:
2874:NyÄya SÅ«tras
2872:
2865:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2832:Artha Åastra
2830:
2823:
2797:
2790:
2783:
2776:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2739:KÅ«rma Purana
2737:
2732:Linga Purana
2730:
2725:Shiva Purana
2723:
2716:
2711:Padma Purana
2709:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2681:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2609:
2602:
2587:s (Hinduism)
2584:
2576:
2517:
2510:
2503:
2497:Atharvaveda:
2496:
2487:
2480:
2473:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2436:
2429:
2422:
2413:
2406:
2399:
2361:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2331:
2211:Shraddhanand
2186:Ravi Shankar
2166:R. D. Ranade
2027:ÅyÄma Åastri
2022:Swaminarayan
1982:Rupa Goswami
1892:Morya Gosavi
1852:Jiva Goswami
1752:Adi Shankara
1578:PratyabhijƱa
1544:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1502:
1309:Samavartanam
1289:VidyÄraį¹bhaį¹
1274:Annaprashana
1198:Dandiya Raas
1173:Mohiniyattam
1066:NididhyÄsana
871:Epistemology
803:Brahmacharya
683:Ätman (self)
646:
590:Brahmacharya
519:SaccidÄnanda
471:Panchikarana
347:
280:
271: /
267:Other major
191:
125:
124:
79:
3738:Shantinatha
3721:shrines of
3719:jyotirlinga
3651:pradakshina
3604:shayan Ärti
3576:manglÄ Ärti
3540:garbhagruha
3328:and Judaism
3324:and Sikhism
3292:Iconography
3217:Nationalism
3210:Persecution
2994:Shiva Stuti
2888:Yoga Sutras
2718:Agni Purana
2620:Other texts
2611:Mahabharata
2354:Atharvaveda
2251:Vivekananda
2176:Rama Tirtha
2171:Ramakrishna
2146:Nigamananda
2136:Mahesh Yogi
2012:Sripadaraja
2002:Siddheshwar
1897:MukundarÄja
1877:Madhusūdana
1867:Kanaka Dasa
1787:Chakradhara
1731:Yajnavalkya
1721:Vishvamitra
1590:Pancharatra
1488:Vaisheshika
1444:Ratha Yatra
1392:Janmashtami
1387:Rama Navami
1304:Ritushuddhi
1279:Chudakarana
1269:Nishkramana
1239:Garbhadhana
1208:Pandav Lila
1117:Bhakti yoga
1002:PrÄyaÅcitta
773:Niti Åastra
621:Bhakti yoga
600:VÄnaprastha
415:Vishvakarma
348:Post-Vedic:
184:Vaishnavism
126:Traditional
4194:(3): 370.
4154:(3): 367.
4130:2017-12-18
3821:References
3746:ÅvÄtÄmbara
3723:Lord Shiva
3703:pratishthĆ”
3697:or senior
3443:Definition
3168:Varna-less
3040:Tiruppukal
3001:Vayu Stuti
2965:Panchadasi
2958:Swara yoga
2846:Kama Sutra
2785:Dhanurveda
2445:Taittiriya
2423:Yajurveda:
2415:Kaushitaki
2392:Upanishads
2384:Upanishads
2308:Scriptures
2156:Prabhupada
2072:Vidyaranya
1957:Ram Charan
1932:PrabhÄkara
1847:Jayatīrtha
1797:Dadu Dayal
1792:ChÄngadeva
1651:Bharadwaja
1641:Ashtavakra
1407:Kumbh Mela
1355:Durga Puja
1284:Karnavedha
1264:NÄmakaraį¹a
1193:Yakshagana
1122:Karma yoga
1112:Jnana yoga
1107:Hatha yoga
1044:Meditation
1017:Tirthadana
798:Aparigraha
654:ParamÄtman
639:Liberation
631:Karma yoga
626:Jnana yoga
355:Dattatreya
155:Traditions
80:Historical
3795:satsangis
3790:satsangis
3774:satsangis
3742:Digambara
3685:Paramatma
3677:ParamƔtma
3462:shikhara,
3342:Criticism
3336:and Islam
3297:Mythology
3150:Kshatriya
3082:Athichudi
3019:Tirumurai
2937:Tirumurai
2546:VyÄkaraį¹a
2482:Chandogya
2474:Samaveda:
2362:Divisions
2340:Yajurveda
2300:Ätmatuį¹£į¹i
2256:Yogananda
2231:Trailanga
2226:Sivananda
2091:Aurobindo
2077:Vyasaraja
2042:Tyagaraja
1992:Sankardev
1962:Ramananda
1857:JƱÄneÅvar
1832:Harivansh
1817:Gaudapada
1777:Chaitanya
1716:Vashistha
1686:Patanjali
1666:Jamadagni
1585:Vaishnava
1573:Pashupata
1350:Navaratri
1327:Festivals
1294:Upanayana
1259:Jatakarma
1244:Pumsavana
1163:Kuchipudi
1158:Kathakali
1127:RÄja yoga
1061:SamÄdhÄna
942:Prarthana
916:Practices
843:SvÄdhyÄya
447:Mythology
442:Cosmology
435:Worldview
380:Kartikeya
311:Prajapati
250:Saraswati
4252:Category
3953:(2007).
3457:Sanskrit
3437:shikhara
3355:Glossary
3287:Calendar
3222:Hindutva
3145:Brahmana
2816:samhitas
2808:Shastras
2778:Ayurveda
2769:Upavedas
2604:Ramayana
2595:Itihasas
2561:Jyotisha
2528:Vedangas
2512:Mandukya
2408:Aitareya
2400:Rigveda:
2379:Aranyaka
2374:Brahmana
2347:Samaveda
2062:Valluvar
2057:Vallabha
2037:Tulsidas
1967:Ramanuja
1917:Nayanars
1902:Namadeva
1739:Medieval
1681:Kashyapa
1597:Charvaka
1568:Kapalika
1432:Puthandu
1422:Vaisakhi
1319:Antyesti
1299:Keshanta
1223:Adimurai
1218:Silambam
1183:Sattriya
1168:Manipuri
853:Mitahara
833:Santosha
793:Achourya
605:Sannyasa
595:Gį¹hastha
454:Ontology
428:Concepts
216:Trimurti
179:Smartism
174:Shaktism
169:Shaivism
43:Hinduism
35:a series
33:Part of
4208:4980801
4168:4980801
3785:mandirs
3779:In the
3758:mandirs
3620:mandirs
3536:shikhar
3524:shikhar
3507:Purusha
3491:Gujarat
3360:Outline
3155:Vaishya
3123:Society
2974:Stotras
2625:Puranas
2551:Nirukta
2541:Chandas
2536:Shiksha
2519:Prashna
2505:Mundaka
2369:Samhita
2333:Rigveda
2196:Samarth
2032:Tukaram
1977:Ravidas
1711:Valmiki
1661:Jaimini
1631:Angiras
1626:Agastya
1618:Ancient
1504:Advaita
1498:Vedanta
1493:MÄ«mÄį¹sÄ
1473:Samkhya
1360:Ramlila
1102:SÄdhanÄ
992:Tarpana
977:KÄ«rtana
972:Bhajana
923:Worship
848:Shaucha
823:Akrodha
669:Saį¹sÄra
533:Ishvara
502:Nirguna
497:Brahman
461:Tattvas
385:Krishna
370:Hanuman
365:Ganesha
301:Chandra
296:Ashvins
260:Parvati
255:Lakshmi
242:Tridevi
208:Deities
115:Åramaį¹a
95:History
76:Origins
66:History
4234:
4206:
4166:
4094:
4067:
4042:
4015:
3986:
3961:
3933:
3908:
3866:
3806:Sadhus
3699:sadhus
3673:murtis
3655:murtis
3647:murtis
3635:ghanta
3631:ghanta
3624:pujari
3622:, lay
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3608:murtis
3592:murtis
3584:murtis
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3529:murtis
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3449:mandir
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1882:Madhva
1802:Eknath
1772:Basava
1767:Alvars
1701:Raikva
1691:PÄį¹ini
1676:Kapila
1671:Kanada
1656:Gotama
1563:Shaiva
1511:Dvaita
1412:Pongal
1335:Diwali
1314:Vivaha
1178:Odissi
1153:Kathak
1092:Yogini
1056:Dhyana
1007:Tirtha
962:Bhakti
952:Temple
947:Årauta
828:Arjava
788:Ahimsa
783:Niyama
766:Ethics
574:Moksha
559:Dharma
507:Saguna
405:Shakti
390:Kubera
336:Varuna
316:Pushan
229:Vishnu
224:Brahma
61:Hindus
4204:S2CID
4164:S2CID
3694:gurus
3689:murti
3662:kathÄ
3574:, or
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3544:Deity
3519:dvajÄ
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3177:Dalit
3130:Varna
3047:Kural
2585:Agama
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2295:ÄcÄra
2290:Smį¹ti
2285:Åruti
2269:Texts
1862:Kabir
1726:Vyasa
1636:Aruni
1483:Nyaya
1437:Vishu
1417:Ugadi
1097:Asana
1082:Sadhu
1051:Tapas
1022:Matha
1012:Yatra
997:Vrata
982:Yajna
957:Murti
838:Tapas
813:Damah
808:Satya
778:Yamas
664:Karma
564:Artha
481:Guį¹as
395:Radha
360:Durga
331:Ushas
326:Surya
321:Rudra
306:Indra
282:Vedic
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269:Devas
234:Shiva
4232:ISBN
4092:ISBN
4065:ISBN
4040:ISBN
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3984:ISBN
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3931:ISBN
3906:ISBN
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3744:and
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1646:Atri
1478:Yoga
1427:Bihu
1397:Onam
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1140:Arts
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1074:Yoga
1037:SevÄ
1032:DÄna
987:Homa
967:Japa
937:ÄrtÄ«
932:Puja
858:DÄna
818:DayÄ
676:Mind
659:Maya
569:Kama
410:Sita
400:Rama
375:Kali
341:Vayu
291:Agni
193:List
4196:doi
4156:doi
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