1096:
sialadenitis between the ages of 20 and 69 years but that there were many more patients who complained of symptoms between the ages of 20 and 49, and then went on to be diagnosed with sialadenitis. In each group studied, most patients suffered from sialadenitis in their twenties but there was also found to be a significant number of females whose symptoms started in their thirties and forties. More women reported symptoms that were confirmed to be sialadenitis than men in this study, which may suggest that females are more likely to be affected but more research would need to be done to be sure of this.
66:
379:
for subtotal parotidectomy. The choice of the surgical procedure is determined by the extent of the disease and the patient’s preference. The pattern of facial weakness is likely to include one or more branches of the nerve and is likely to be panfacial due to the widespread fibrosis within the gland. Normally complete recovery occurs within 3 to 6 months with permanent palsy occurring in <1%.The prevalence of seroma, haematoma or significant infection should be less than 5%.
31:
723:) Best Practice on sialadenitis, there are multiple factors to consider during the diagnosis of sialadenitis, including history, presenting signs and symptoms, followed by appropriate investigations in relation to the presenting case. Other factors to also consider include the type of gland affected as well as underlying conditions such as an autoimmune disease or ductal stones.
812:
667:-like. Its stroma may show focal adipose tissue with myxoid change and variable radial scar. At present, there are immunohistochemical studies of limited value only. It is cytologically difficult to diagnose this type of sialadenitis due to the rarity of this condition and the presence of variable cell types in a cystic background.
694:
Most histological appearance of autoimmune sialadenitis is similar to that of myoepithelial sialadenitis. In general, a diffuse to multinodular expansion is observed in myoepithelial sialadenitis. A distinguishing feature is the presence of epithelial-myoepithelial islands infiltrated by lymphocytes.
1095:
One study found that 112 patients from
England and Wales ranging from 12 to 81 years of age complained of symptoms from their diagnosed sialadenitis, with the group having a mean age of 39 and a standard deviation of 16 years. The study also found that more patients underwent surgery to treat their
627:
has various degrees of inflammation that can include focal lymphocytic sialadenitis to widespread salivary gland cirrhosis with obliteration of acini. This can be a result of obstruction of salivary ducts by microliths (due to associated intercurrent infections), or a result of immune reaction with
378:
Temporary facial nerve palsy occurs in around one third to two thirds of patients following superficial parotidectomy. Cosmetic deformity is relatively minor, although symptoms may recur in up to 11-13%, of these not all require further treatment. The occurrence of recurrent symptoms is lower (4%)
1103:
of sialadenitis in the United States of
America found that acute suppurative parotitis is responsible for 0.01–0.02% of hospital admissions, with the submandibular gland accounting for 10% of cases of sialadenitis in the major salivary glands in this population. This study found that there was no
608:
Histologically, chronic sialadenitis can appear from unremarkable to a firm tan with expansion or atrophy of the lobular structure depending on the degree of inflammation and chronicity. Salivary stones (sialolith) may be evident with cystic dilation of the salivary ducts and periductal fibrosis.
105:
Sialadenitis can be further classed as acute or chronic. Acute sialadenitis is an acute inflammation of a salivary gland which may present itself as a red, painful swelling that is tender to touch. Chronic sialadenitis is typically less painful but presents as recurrent swellings, usually after
491:. Sjögren's syndrome and sarcoidosis are the most common causes of chronic sialadenitis and are often closely associated with it, and in many cases are believed to be the primary cause, although often with other contributing factors present also. One well known form of sarcoidosis is known as
1111:
Bacterial sialadenitis is uncommon nowadays and is usually associated with sialoliths. A study involving hospitals in the United
Kingdom found that the incidence of admissions for sialadenitis is 27.5 per million of the population, with the most common cause being mumps, which causes a viral
1072:
Sialadenitis of the parotid gland accounts for a much larger percentage of hospital admissions than sialadenitis of the submandibular gland. Submandibular sialadenitis has been said to only account for 10% of all cases diagnosed as sialadenitis. Chronic sialadenitis has been classified as a
421:
could also be a contributing factor, as stagnation of saliva due to these could perhaps cause an increased incidence of sialadenitis. However, one study found no statistically significant difference between the length of ducts or the angles they incorporate within them and the likelihood of
655:. It composes of acini and ductal elements embedded in dense sclerotic stroma, and has a characteristic finding of large acinar cells present with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules. In addition, it may also present ductal epithelial proliferation which could range from
543:
to ascend further towards the glands but this could not be confirmed due to the liths and microliths being distinct in this study. However, many glands did show only very minimal variations, which could allow the opportunity for more conservative treatment instead of the
798:) can result in the development of obstructive sialadenitis. There may be a history of abrupt episodic swelling of the parotid or submandibular gland which is usually painful. These episodes typically occur around meal times, lasting 2–3 hours, and gradually subside.
601:) lymphoma has ducts surrounded by broad coronas of monocytoid cells, infiltration of interfollicular region by monocytoid cells or atypical plasma cells containing Dutcher bodies, monoclonality by immunohistochemistry or flow cytometry, and monocytoid infiltrates in
695:
Germinal centers may form with the progression of lymphoid infiltrate resulting in acinar atrophy. Proliferation of ductal epithelium-myoepithelium arises causing the obliteration of ductal lumina causing the formation of the epithelial-myoepithelial islands.
538:
found in the ducts and glands. Liths were also found to be related to the duration that the individual had symptoms of sialadenitis, whereas microliths were found in normal glands and varied with age. Microliths could possibly form reservoirs, thus allowing
922:
medications – these medications will result in a decreased salivary flow rate which can predispose to infections of glands. Examples of medications that may contribute to this include antihistamines, antidepressants, and anticholinergic agents.
422:
developing sialadenitis, although this study only had a small sample size of 106. The study also confirmed that age, gender, side of face and degree of sialadenitis had no impact on the length of the ducts or the angles formed within the ducts.
914:
1. Episodic swelling during meal times – may present as an acute salivary gland swelling without visible salivary flow from ductal openings, while palpation of affected glad may reveal an indurated salivary gland and presence of a sialolith.
1659:
1644:
857:
Characterised by persistent, asymptomatic bilateral swelling of parotid glands, and may represent as a manifestation of more widespread systemic disease. Dry eyes and dry mouth are commonly present and may be indicative of concomitant
576:
Generally, in acute bacterial and viral sialadenitis cases, the lobular architecture of the gland is maintained or may be slightly expanded. Areas of liquefaction, indicating presence of abscess, may also be seen microscopically.
964:– this could present in the form of stridor, use or reliance on accessory muscles of respiratory, nasal flaring, or wheeze. These signs may develop if glandular swelling is significant enough, resulting in airway obstruction.
433:
is the most common virus that affects the parotid and submandibular glands, with the parotid gland affected most often out of these two. Other viruses that have been shown to cause sialadenitis in both these glands include
937:
4. Dry eyes and mouth – dryness affecting the eyes and oral cavity are key symptoms of Sjögren's syndrome and may be seen in combination with a connective tissue disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, or
612:
Common observations of chronic sialadenitis include chronic inflammatory infiltrate (lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages), fibrosis, acinar atrophy, and mucous cell metaplasia of the ductal system is observed.
743:
agents. These medications may lead to objective hypofunction or subjective feeling of a dry mouth without hypofunction. There may also be a history of decrease in salivary volume secondary to a systemic disease.
991:
1. Connective tissue disorder or Sjögren's syndrome – history of Sjögren's syndrome, or a concomitant connect tissue disorder such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, or scleroderma.
701:
In secondary Sjögren’s syndrome, periglandular fibrosis with the absence of inflammation may also be observed in addition to that of myoepithelial sialadenitis from the progressive systemic sclerosis.
1053:
to stimulate salivary secretion, and regular, gentle gland massage. If infection is present, appropriate cultures should be obtained, followed by empirical antibiotic therapy initially, for example
346:
Infection may spread along the fascial planes of the neck causing a potentially serious complication. Seldom this can affect the spaces in the floor of the mouth and can result in Ludwig angina.
568:
necrosis with microabscesses formation. Recurrent episodes result in the chronic stage, which involves the establishment of periductal lymph follicles and further destruction of salivary acini.
957:
1. Mandibular trismus – restricted mouth opening to its full extent (of approximately 40mm) may be present with large swellings typically due to acute bacterial infection of affected gland.
747:
A unilateral or bilateral painful swelling of the parotid or submandibular regions may be present upon a physical examination. This could be accompanied by an external displacement of the
1019:
Culture and sensitivity testing of exudate from salivary duct. Culturing of purulent discharge is advisable in acute presentations of sialadenitis to allow targeted antibiotic therapy.
751:
usually adjacent to an inflamed parotid gland. Pus suppuration from major salivary gland duct openings may occur spontaneously or after manipulation of the affected gland. Mandibular
1032:
views should be taken to exclude an obstructive element due to presence of sialolith or evolving abscess. However, sialoliths with low calcium phosphate content may not be visible.
1077:
polycystic sialadenitis are defined as rare. Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis has been shown to affect predominantly males who are over the age of 50, with 40% of cases having an
2872:
698:
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis may have areas of liquefaction necrosis caused by vasculitis. A triad of vasculitis, necrosis and granulomatous inflammation may be observed.
896:
3. Facial swelling – usually unilaterally and affecting parotid region, under the tongue, or below the jaw. May have acute onset and may have a history of repeated episodes.
3054:
628:
the formation of secondary lymph follicles. Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis is characterised by presence of three major criteria of dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate,
1213:
1360:
Horsburgh, A.; Massoud, T. F. (January 2013). "The role of salivary duct morphology in the aetiology of sialadenitis: statistical analysis of sialographic features".
893:
2. Pain and dysphagia (i.e. difficulty swallowing) – usually unilateral affecting the parotid or submandibular regions, with worse pain during eating and swallowing.
2101:
3059:
278:
Chronic sialadenitis causes intermittent, recurrent periods of tender swellings. Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis is commonly unilateral and can mimic a tumour.
503:. One study came to the conclusion that the presence of salivary calculi is the main indicator for the removal of the submandibular gland in patients where
362:
Hypofunction of the salivary gland will reduce saliva production causing decreased protection against acid erosion and increased risk of dental decay.
1112:
infection in the salivary gland. Ascending acute bacterial parotitis used to be a common perimortal event but today this is no longer the case due to
1408:
Isacsson, Göran; Lundquist, Per-G. (1 August 1982). "Salivary calculi as an aetiological factor in chronic sialadenitis of the submandibular gland".
1713:
707:
Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis has periductal fibrosis with a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with lymphoid follicles. Eosinophils may be seen.
580:
In acute bacterial sialadenitis, acinar destruction with interstitial neutrophil infiltrates is observed. Small abscesses with necrosis are common.
3686:
2884:
2835:
1041:
In chronic recurrent sialadenitis or chronic sclerosing sialadenitis, acute attacks are managed with conservative therapies such as hydration,
906:
exudation from salivary gland openings – indicative of bacterial infection, may occur on manipulation of the affected gland or spontaneously.
1064:
If attacks occur more than approximately three times per year or are severe, surgical excision of the affected gland should be considered.
3369:
3212:
1104:
predilection to any race, sex or age, although it was noted that sialadenitis in general tended to occur in people who are debilitated,
899:
4. Recurrent painful swellings – indicative of chronic recurrent sialadenitis, may have similar signs and symptoms to an acute episode.
2486:
1970:
3613:
3716:
2246:
1244:
1189:
598:
310:
may also be affected in around 10% of cases. The swelling persists for about a week, along with low-grade fever and general malaise.
759:
may also be present in some cases. Fever may also be noted, whilst spiking temperatures may be suggestive of an abscess formation.
583:
In viral sialadenitis, vacuolar changes are seen in the acini with lymphocytic and monocytic infiltrate found in the interstitium.
3588:
3525:
3520:
3402:
2830:
2810:
1722:
488:
3434:
3071:
2525:
779:
624:
418:
183:
102:. It should not be confused with sialadenosis (sialosis) which is a non-inflammatory enlargement of the major salivary glands.
3419:
3254:
1522:
Avery, C. (2018). Sialadenitis - Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best
Practice. Bestpractice.bmj.com. Available at:
616:
In sialoithiasis, concomitant squamous metaplasia may be observed in the salivary ducts with dark calcific stone fragments.
3259:
2783:
2392:
2096:
2081:
2019:
1965:
1888:
1706:
863:
1564:
890:– may present with an acute infective sialadenitis or autoimmune aetiology suggestive of an infection or inflammation.
3311:
3274:
3004:
2285:
2197:
771:
or ductal abnormalities. Prodrome of tingling in the gland preceding pain and swelling may be reported in such cases.
443:
3321:
3269:
3076:
3009:
2778:
2278:
2273:
2224:
652:
3326:
3044:
2948:
2419:
1883:
859:
594:
3633:
3412:
3397:
3093:
3049:
2994:
2867:
2825:
2593:
2439:
1674:
1464:
664:
3466:
2798:
3530:
3331:
3296:
3122:
2989:
2793:
2573:
2414:
2360:
2290:
2212:
2192:
2179:
2156:
1699:
1054:
519:
was found in one patient, but this was not considered to have contributed to the sialadenitis in this case.
515:
were found to have salivary calculi within them and all of these cases but one had chronic sialadenitis. A
3711:
3676:
3643:
3316:
3306:
3301:
3243:
3170:
3126:
3022:
3017:
2803:
2633:
2628:
2603:
2449:
2380:
2207:
2116:
2034:
1761:
496:
471:
461:
317:
of childhood is characterised by periods of pain and swelling in the parotid gland accompanied by a fever.
2300:
2024:
1547:
3485:
3387:
2999:
2877:
2857:
2739:
2698:
2561:
2549:
2498:
2161:
467:
455:
111:
2234:
782:
typically presents unilaterally in submandibular gland that cannot be differentiated clinically from a
3583:
3222:
3207:
2773:
2706:
2312:
2044:
961:
949:– may be present in cases of Sjögren's syndrome or in association with a connective tissue disorder.
867:
641:
508:
65:
3638:
3374:
3354:
3344:
3217:
3150:
3032:
3027:
2953:
2852:
2505:
2429:
2268:
2217:
2166:
2146:
2059:
2049:
1975:
1950:
1808:
1663:
968:
927:
768:
589:
Chronic sialadenitis (also known as lymphoepithelial sialadenitis ) presents with 50% of which are
480:
426:
289:
244:
219:
95:
59:
1915:
3681:
3535:
3339:
3155:
3103:
3064:
2761:
2677:
2608:
2317:
2141:
2121:
2074:
1960:
1905:
1868:
1858:
1843:
1773:
1489:
1207:
1029:
931:
686:. This response then results in acini destruction and the formation of epimyoepithelial islands.
492:
451:
3628:
3603:
3264:
1116:
and basic modern care, which means that patients will be much less likely to become dehydrated.
3379:
2968:
2933:
2766:
2662:
2520:
2444:
2151:
2091:
2054:
2029:
1878:
1756:
1751:
1607:
1599:
1481:
1433:
1425:
1385:
1377:
1240:
1195:
1185:
980:
972:
629:
414:
54:
3349:
2984:
2974:
2938:
2847:
2598:
2537:
2471:
2461:
2409:
2307:
2202:
2039:
1591:
1473:
1417:
1369:
1232:
1022:
976:
946:
560:
and inspissated fluid in lumen of ductal structures. Damage to ductal epithelium results in
248:
99:
998:
3. Displacement of earlobe – may be present when swelling of the parotid gland is present.
3505:
3291:
3086:
2979:
2815:
2734:
2714:
2638:
2623:
2493:
2397:
2365:
2336:
2258:
2184:
1980:
1863:
1853:
1798:
1783:
1582:
Cascarini, Luke; McGurk, Mark (August 2009). "Epidemiology of salivary gland infections".
939:
740:
292:) causes unilateral or bilateral painless swellings unless there is a secondary infection.
1236:
1155:
731:
May present with a history of recent surgical intervention or use of medications such as
556:
The initial stage of acute bacterial sialadenitis involves the accumulation of bacteria,
564:(periductal inflammation), accumulation of neutrophils in glandular stroma, followed by
306:. It is characterised by bilateral swelling of the parotid glands; however, other major
3671:
3623:
3593:
3461:
3392:
3359:
3081:
2820:
2554:
2434:
2229:
2014:
1827:
1477:
1421:
1291:
1125:
795:
736:
439:
307:
261:
225:
134:
87:
1668:
3705:
3573:
3451:
3279:
3098:
2862:
2842:
2751:
2618:
2578:
2375:
2136:
2111:
2086:
2064:
1848:
1838:
1803:
1074:
732:
561:
516:
240:
209:
91:
1493:
30:
3200:
3195:
3180:
3160:
3130:
2963:
2672:
2613:
2544:
2466:
2456:
2424:
2387:
2348:
2340:
1955:
1910:
1895:
1793:
1788:
1691:
1330:
1100:
837:
531:
447:
402:
83:
46:
1679:
1523:
1272:
995:
2. Recurrent painless swellings – indicative of underlying autoimmune aetiology.
3618:
3608:
3598:
3515:
3510:
3441:
2515:
2476:
2295:
2171:
2131:
1999:
1920:
1900:
1105:
1058:
1005:
875:
871:
656:
651:
Sclerosing polycystic sialadenitis histologically resembles sclerosing adenosis/
484:
454:, which is not characteristic of sialadenitis. Some common bacterial causes are
1595:
1373:
3578:
3364:
3190:
2958:
2788:
2729:
2667:
2657:
2650:
2645:
2583:
2566:
2510:
2481:
2402:
2263:
2241:
2126:
2106:
1653:
1113:
1050:
1042:
919:
683:
645:
637:
602:
590:
557:
398:
38:
1603:
1429:
1381:
1199:
678:
that infiltrate the interstitium occurs due to a response to an unidentified
3446:
3429:
3165:
2943:
2746:
2370:
2253:
1873:
1768:
1746:
1082:
826:
756:
633:
540:
535:
512:
314:
251:
major salivary glands. It may be acute or chronic, infective or autoimmune.
1611:
1460:"Role of microliths in the aetiology of chronic submandibular sialadenitis"
1389:
1485:
1437:
3456:
3407:
3175:
2928:
2909:
2889:
2710:
2588:
2532:
1778:
1546:
Tanakchi, S. (2018). Sialadenitis. Pathologyoutlines.com. Available at:
1086:
822:
783:
527:
504:
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375:
Postparotidectomy complications (facial deformity or facial nerve palsy)
3542:
3500:
3185:
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2913:
2702:
2069:
1078:
752:
748:
679:
545:
523:
500:
1548:
http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/salivaryglandssialadenitis.html
767:
The occurrence of chronic recurrent episodes may be due to underlying
644:
which are the presence of epithelioid cell granulomas and a prominent
109:
Causes of sialadenitis are varied, including bacterial (most commonly
3284:
2756:
2344:
1939:
1648:
1089:
1046:
675:
671:
660:
565:
264:) is characterised by increasingly, painful swelling of 24–72 hours,
1459:
1073:
relatively common presentation, whereas bacterial sialadenitis and
640:. There are two features relatively inconsistent with diagnosis of
522:
The duration of the sialadenitis was found to be closely linked to
887:
704:
Sarcoid has tight epithelioid granulomas and lymphoid infiltrate.
430:
425:
Viral pathogens more commonly cause sialadenitis in comparison to
406:
303:
930:– this could predispose to sialadenitis due to direct effects of
3660:
3559:
3483:
3241:
3120:
2906:
2696:
2334:
1997:
1937:
1825:
1733:
1695:
632:
of fibrosis and obliterative phlebitis. Minor criteria include
586:
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) sialadenitis may show no gross symptoms.
1735:
903:
805:
435:
1015:
Tests available as part of diagnosing sialadenitis include:
755:
is a rare finding but may be present with larger swellings.
636:
without obliteration of the lumen and increased numbers of
417:. It was thought that morphological characteristics of the
413:
infections, idiopathic causes or stones formed mainly from
479:
Autoimmune conditions that can cause sialadenitis include
507:
is absent. This was because 82% of glands removed in an
1584:
1362:
International
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
833:
1458:
Harrison, J.D.; Epivatianos, A.; Bhatia, S.N. (1997).
1626:
90:, usually the major ones, the most common being the
1630:
139:
decreased flow (dehydration, post-operative, drugs)
53:
23:
3135:Jaw joints, chewing muscles and bite abnormalities
1184:. Treister, Nathaniel S. New York: Humana Press.
239:Sialadenitis is swelling and inflammation of the
971:– swelling increases the risk of compression of
3490:Teeth, jaws, tongue and associated soft tissues
1560:
1558:
1556:
161:edema of the cheek, periorbital region and neck
145:exacerbation of low grade chronic sialoadenitis
2102:Hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis
1524:https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/1038
1227:Mitchell, David; Mitchell, Laura (July 2014).
1001:4. Prodrome of tingling in the affected gland
3060:Neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis
1707:
260:Acute sialadenitis secondary to obstruction (
8:
1212:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
534:in another study, which looked primarily at
302:The most common salivary gland infection is
1410:Clinical Otolaryngology and Allied Sciences
1331:"Sialadenitis - Causes - Clinical Features"
206:may or may not have visible/palpable stone.
203:duct orifice is reddened and flow decreases
3657:
3556:
3480:
3238:
3117:
2903:
2693:
2331:
1994:
1934:
1822:
1730:
1714:
1700:
1692:
1627:
670:In autoimmune sialadenitis, activation of
609:Mucus extravasation may also be observed.
64:
29:
20:
1156:"Submandibular Sialadenitis/Sialadenosis"
597:while mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (
934:used and volume depletion from surgery.
794:Formation of stones in glandular ducts (
325:
3687:Oral manifestations of systemic disease
2836:Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
1137:
446:. Classically, HIV parotitis is either
2873:As a manifestation of systemic disease
1565:bestpractice.bmj.com > Sialadenitis
1205:
926:3. Recent surgical intervention under
268:discharge and systemic manifestations.
1577:
1575:
1573:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1325:
1290:Harding, Dr Mary (18 December 2015).
1229:Oxford Handbook of Clinical Dentistry
786:, with pain an inconsistent finding.
548:of the affected gland in the future.
7:
2719:Gums and tooth-supporting structures
1453:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1182:Clinical oral medicine and pathology
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
987:Other less common diagnostic factors
115:), viral and autoimmune conditions.
3370:Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum
3213:Temporomandibular joint dysfunction
653:fibrocystic change of breast tissue
2487:Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis
1971:Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia
1478:10.1046/j.1365-2559.1997.2530856.x
1422:10.1111/j.1365-2273.1982.tb01389.x
1237:10.1093/med/9780199679850.001.0001
173:purulent exudate from duct punctum
14:
1154:Yoskovitch, Adi (7 August 2018).
499:, enlargement of the parotid and
3589:Cutaneous sinus of dental origin
3526:Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
3521:Central hypoventilation syndrome
3403:Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma
2831:Necrotizing periodontal diseases
2811:Hereditary gingival fibromatosis
1723:Oral and maxillofacial pathology
810:
489:granulomatosis with polyangiitis
3435:Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis
3072:Osteoporotic bone marrow defect
2526:Keratocystic odontogenic tumour
910:Other common diagnostic factors
780:Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis
775:Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis
625:Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis
184:Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis
3420:Sclerosing polycystic adenosis
3255:Benign lymphoepithelial lesion
825:format but may read better as
763:Chronic recurrent sialadenitis
682:present in the salivary gland
397:Sialadenitis can be caused by
1:
3614:Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome
3563:Soft tissues around the mouth
3260:Ectopic salivary gland tissue
882:Common key diagnostic factors
288:Autoimmune sialadenitis (i.e
170:raised ESR, CRP, leucocytosis
2784:Gingival cyst of the newborn
2393:Failure of eruption of teeth
2097:Hand, foot and mouth disease
2082:Focal epithelial hyperplasia
2020:Angina bullosa haemorrhagica
1966:Palatal cysts of the newborn
1889:Transient lingual papillitis
864:systemic lupus erythematosus
727:Acute bacterial sialadenitis
24:Sialadenitis (Sialoadenitis)
3312:Salivary gland diverticulum
3275:Necrotizing sialometaplasia
2286:Smokeless tobacco keratosis
2198:Basaloid squamous carcinoma
1271:Avery, Chris (March 2018).
1231:. Oxford University Press.
1028:Facial radiographs such as
214:recurrent painful swellings
3733:
3322:Salivary gland hyperplasia
3270:HIV salivary gland disease
2779:Gingival cyst of the adult
2225:Oral florid papillomatosis
1596:10.1016/j.coms.2009.05.004
1567:Last updated: Sep 08, 2011
1374:10.1016/j.ijom.2012.10.006
1292:"Salivary Gland Disorders"
1025:if infection is suspected.
495:which is characterized by
181:
3667:
3656:
3569:
3561:Orofacial soft tissues –
3555:
3496:
3479:
3327:Salivary gland hypoplasia
3250:
3237:
3141:
3116:
3055:Bisphosphonate-associated
2949:Idiopathic osteosclerosis
2924:
2902:
2725:
2692:
2420:Dentinogenesis imperfecta
2356:
2330:
2010:
1993:
1946:
1933:
1884:Median rhomboid glossitis
1834:
1821:
1742:
1729:
1081:disease, such as chronic
860:connective tissue disease
37:
28:
3717:Salivary gland pathology
3634:Orofacial granulomatosis
3413:Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
3398:Adenoid cystic carcinoma
3332:Salivary gland neoplasms
3123:Temporomandibular joints
3094:Periapical periodontitis
2826:Linear gingival erythema
2594:Regional odontodysplasia
2440:Enamel hypocalcification
1180:M., Bruch, Jean (2010).
1061:which cover oral flora.
790:Obstructive sialadenitis
106:meals, without redness.
3531:Obstructive sleep apnea
3297:Salivary duct stricture
3077:Paget's disease of bone
2574:Pulp canal obliteration
2415:Dentin hypersensitivity
2361:Amelogenesis imperfecta
2213:Squamous cell carcinoma
2193:Adenosquamous carcinoma
2180:Squamous cell papilloma
2157:Melanocytic oral lesion
1055:amoxicillin/clavulanate
953:Less common key factors
834:converting this section
802:Autoimmune sialadenitis
717:British Medical Journal
690:Autoimmune sialadenitis
3677:Hemifacial hypertrophy
3644:Pyostomatitis vegetans
3317:Salivary gland fistula
3307:Salivary gland atresia
3302:Salivary gland aplasia
3156:Mandibular dislocation
3127:muscles of mastication
3005:Calcifying odontogenic
2634:Vertical root fracture
2629:Cracked tooth syndrome
2604:Shovel-shaped incisors
2499:Wisdom tooth impaction
2381:Early childhood caries
2247:Benign mucous membrane
2208:Spindle cell carcinoma
2117:Intraoral dental sinus
2035:Burning mouth syndrome
572:Infective sialadenitis
530:and the degree of the
3486:Stomatognathic system
3388:Acinic cell carcinoma
3010:Glandular odontogenic
2162:Molluscum contagiosum
878:may also be present.
517:mucous retention cyst
468:viridans streptococci
224:usually secondary to
112:Staphylococcus aureus
3629:Oral Crohn's disease
3584:Basal cell carcinoma
3223:Condylar hyperplasia
3208:Maxillary hypoplasia
2774:Gingival enlargement
2707:periodontal ligament
2313:Verruciform xanthoma
2045:Condyloma acuminatum
1099:A study done on the
962:Respiratory distress
868:rheumatoid arthritis
642:IgG4-related disease
620:Chronic sialadenitis
603:regional lymph nodes
493:Heerfordt's syndrome
197:mild pain / swelling
129:Predisposing factors
43:chronic sialadenitis
3639:Perioral dermatitis
3375:Pleomorphic adenoma
3355:Monomorphic adenoma
3345:Canalicular adenoma
3218:Condylar hypoplasia
3151:Condylar resorption
2995:Lateral periodontal
2954:Mandibular fracture
2853:Periodontal abscess
2450:Turner's hypoplasia
2218:Verrucous carcinoma
2167:Morsicatio buccarum
2147:Lupus erythematosus
2060:Erythema multiforme
1976:Stomatitis nicotina
1030:dental radiographic
969:Cranial nerve palsy
928:general anaesthetic
427:bacterial pathogens
327:
220:Submandibular gland
60:Otorhinolaryngology
3682:Facial hemiatrophy
3536:Periodic breathing
3467:Sjögren's syndrome
3340:Basal cell adenoma
3104:Torus mandibularis
3082:Periapical abscess
3065:Osteoradionecrosis
2990:Buccal bifurcation
2969:Intraosseous cysts
2858:Periodontal trauma
2762:Pyogenic granuloma
2609:Supernumerary root
2562:Pulp calcification
2550:Premature eruption
2521:Odontogenic tumors
2318:White sponge nevus
2291:Submucous fibrosis
2235:Smoker's melanosis
2122:Irritation fibroma
1961:High-arched palate
1869:Foliate papillitis
1859:Cunnilingus tongue
1844:Black hairy tongue
1774:Congenital lip pit
1160:Medscape eMedicine
973:cranial nerves VII
932:anaesthetic agents
836:, if appropriate.
769:Sjögren's syndrome
497:facial nerve palsy
481:Sjögren's syndrome
326:
290:Sjögren's syndrome
235:Signs and symptoms
200:common after meals
3699:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3652:
3651:
3551:
3550:
3475:
3474:
3380:Sebaceous adenoma
3233:
3232:
3112:
3111:
3023:Median mandibular
3018:Nasopalatine duct
2934:Alveolar osteitis
2898:
2897:
2885:Perio-endo lesion
2767:Congenital epulis
2688:
2687:
2445:Enamel hypoplasia
2326:
2325:
2301:Riga–Fede disease
2152:Melanocytic nevus
2092:Hairy leukoplakia
2055:Epulis fissuratum
1989:
1988:
1929:
1928:
1879:Geographic tongue
1817:
1816:
1689:
1688:
1277:BMJ Best Practice
855:
854:
715:According to the
630:storiform pattern
450:or a non-painful
390:
389:
189:Clinical features
150:Clinical features
142:poor oral hygiene
100:sublingual glands
73:
72:
18:Medical condition
3724:
3658:
3557:
3481:
3350:Ductal papilloma
3239:
3118:
3015:Non-odontogenic:
3000:Globulomaxillary
2939:Buccal exostosis
2904:
2848:Peri-implantitis
2694:
2410:Dentin dysplasia
2332:
2308:Verruca vulgaris
2203:Mucosal melanoma
2050:Darier's disease
2025:Behçet's disease
1995:
1951:Bednar's aphthae
1935:
1823:
1809:Trumpeter's wart
1731:
1716:
1709:
1702:
1693:
1628:
1616:
1615:
1579:
1568:
1562:
1551:
1544:
1527:
1520:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1455:
1442:
1441:
1405:
1394:
1393:
1357:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1327:
1300:
1299:
1287:
1281:
1280:
1268:
1251:
1250:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1211:
1203:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1151:
1023:Full blood count
1011:Diagnostic tests
947:Oral candidiasis
876:Oral candidiasis
850:
847:
841:
832:You can help by
814:
813:
806:
546:surgical removal
501:anterior uveitis
328:
155:painful swelling
69:
68:
33:
21:
3732:
3731:
3727:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3721:
3702:
3701:
3700:
3691:
3663:
3648:
3604:Ludwig's angina
3565:
3547:
3506:Mouth breathing
3492:
3471:
3292:Pneumoparotitis
3265:Frey's syndrome
3246:
3244:Salivary glands
3229:
3137:
3108:
3087:Phoenix abscess
2920:
2916:hard tissues –
2894:
2816:Hypercementosis
2735:Cementoblastoma
2721:
2684:
2398:Dens evaginatus
2352:
2322:
2274:Denture-related
2259:Plasmoacanthoma
2185:Keratoacanthoma
2006:
2004:Lining of mouth
1985:
1981:Torus palatinus
1942:
1925:
1906:Lingual thyroid
1864:Fissured tongue
1854:Crenated tongue
1830:
1813:
1799:Nasolabial cyst
1784:Herpes labialis
1738:
1725:
1720:
1690:
1685:
1684:
1639:
1625:
1620:
1619:
1581:
1580:
1571:
1563:
1554:
1545:
1530:
1521:
1508:
1498:
1496:
1457:
1456:
1445:
1407:
1406:
1397:
1359:
1358:
1349:
1339:
1337:
1329:
1328:
1303:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1270:
1269:
1254:
1247:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1204:
1192:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1164:
1162:
1153:
1152:
1139:
1134:
1122:
1070:
1039:
1013:
1004:5. Swelling on
940:dermatomyositis
851:
845:
842:
831:
815:
811:
804:
792:
777:
765:
741:anticholinergic
737:antidepressants
729:
713:
692:
622:
574:
554:
395:
324:
308:salivary glands
299:
285:
275:
257:
237:
186:
180:
164:low-grade fever
126:
121:
88:salivary glands
63:
19:
12:
11:
5:
3730:
3728:
3720:
3719:
3714:
3704:
3703:
3697:
3696:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3672:Eagle syndrome
3668:
3665:
3664:
3661:
3654:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3594:Cystic hygroma
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3560:
3553:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3540:
3539:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3508:
3503:
3497:
3494:
3493:
3484:
3477:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3469:
3464:
3462:Sialolithiasis
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3438:
3437:
3432:
3422:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3393:Adenocarcinoma
3390:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3360:Myoepithelioma
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3288:
3287:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3242:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3210:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3121:
3114:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3068:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3036:
3035:
3033:Traumatic bone
3030:
3028:Median palatal
3025:
3020:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2907:
2900:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2828:
2823:
2821:Hypocementosis
2818:
2813:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2770:
2769:
2764:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2743:
2742:
2732:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2697:
2690:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2655:
2654:
2653:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2570:
2569:
2559:
2558:
2557:
2555:Neonatal teeth
2547:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2502:
2501:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2453:
2452:
2442:
2437:
2435:Ectopic enamel
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2335:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2230:Oral melanosis
2227:
2222:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2187:
2182:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2030:Bohn's nodules
2027:
2022:
2017:
2015:Amalgam tattoo
2011:
2008:
2007:
1998:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1826:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1719:
1718:
1711:
1704:
1696:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1671:
1656:
1640:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1631:Classification
1624:
1623:External links
1621:
1618:
1617:
1590:(3): 353–357.
1569:
1552:
1528:
1506:
1472:(3): 237–251.
1465:Histopathology
1443:
1416:(4): 231–236.
1395:
1368:(1): 124–128.
1347:
1335:TeachMeSurgery
1301:
1282:
1273:"Sialadenitis"
1252:
1245:
1219:
1190:
1172:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1126:Sialoendoscopy
1121:
1118:
1069:
1066:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1026:
1020:
1012:
1009:
853:
852:
818:
816:
809:
803:
800:
791:
788:
776:
773:
764:
761:
733:antihistamines
728:
725:
712:
709:
691:
688:
621:
618:
573:
570:
553:
552:Histopathology
550:
511:department in
419:salivary ducts
394:
391:
388:
387:
384:
381:
371:
370:
367:
364:
355:
354:
351:
348:
339:
338:
335:
332:
323:
320:
319:
318:
311:
298:
295:
294:
293:
284:
281:
280:
279:
274:
271:
270:
269:
262:sialolithiasis
256:
253:
236:
233:
232:
231:
230:
229:
226:sialolithiasis
217:
216:
215:
207:
204:
201:
198:
195:
191:
190:
182:Main article:
179:
176:
175:
174:
171:
168:
165:
162:
159:
156:
152:
151:
147:
146:
143:
140:
137:
135:sialolithiasis
131:
130:
125:
122:
120:
117:
94:, followed by
71:
70:
57:
51:
50:
35:
34:
26:
25:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3729:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3712:Inflammations
3710:
3709:
3707:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3666:
3659:
3655:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3574:Actinomycosis
3572:
3571:
3568:
3564:
3558:
3554:
3544:
3541:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3482:
3478:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3452:Sialodochitis
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3249:
3245:
3240:
3236:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3131:malocclusions
3128:
3124:
3119:
3115:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3099:Stafne defect
3097:
3095:
3092:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3050:Osteonecrosis
3048:
3046:
3045:Osteomyelitis
3043:
3041:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2926:
2923:
2919:
2918:Bones of jaws
2915:
2911:
2905:
2901:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2864:
2863:Periodontitis
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2843:Pericoronitis
2841:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2799:Granulomatous
2797:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2752:Eruption cyst
2750:
2748:
2745:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2695:
2691:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2656:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2647:
2644:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2579:Pulp necrosis
2577:
2575:
2572:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2538:Dens in dente
2536:
2535:
2534:
2531:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2492:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2430:Discoloration
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2355:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2333:
2329:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2137:Lichen planus
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2112:Herpes zoster
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2087:Fordyce spots
2085:
2083:
2080:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2065:Erythroplakia
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1992:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1945:
1941:
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1932:
1922:
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1877:
1876:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1849:Caviar tongue
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1839:Ankyloglossia
1837:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1824:
1820:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1804:Sun poisoning
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
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1267:
1265:
1263:
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1259:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1246:9780199679850
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1223:
1220:
1215:
1209:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1191:9781603275200
1187:
1183:
1176:
1173:
1161:
1157:
1150:
1148:
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1142:
1138:
1131:
1127:
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1123:
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869:
865:
861:
849:
846:November 2023
840:is available.
839:
835:
829:
828:
824:
819:This section
817:
808:
807:
801:
799:
797:
789:
787:
785:
781:
774:
772:
770:
762:
760:
758:
754:
750:
745:
742:
738:
734:
726:
724:
722:
718:
710:
708:
705:
702:
699:
696:
689:
687:
685:
681:
677:
673:
668:
666:
662:
658:
654:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
626:
619:
617:
614:
610:
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
587:
584:
581:
578:
571:
569:
567:
563:
562:sialodochitis
559:
551:
549:
547:
542:
537:
533:
529:
525:
520:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
477:
475:
474:
473:H. influenzae
469:
465:
464:
459:
458:
453:
449:
445:
444:parainfluenza
441:
437:
432:
428:
423:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
392:
385:
382:
380:
376:
373:
372:
368:
365:
363:
360:
357:
356:
352:
349:
347:
344:
341:
340:
336:
333:
331:Complication
330:
329:
322:Complications
321:
316:
312:
309:
305:
301:
300:
296:
291:
287:
286:
282:
277:
276:
272:
267:
263:
259:
258:
254:
252:
250:
246:
245:submandibular
242:
234:
227:
223:
222:
221:
218:
213:
212:
211:
210:Parotid gland
208:
205:
202:
199:
196:
193:
192:
188:
187:
185:
177:
172:
169:
166:
163:
160:
158:reddened skin
157:
154:
153:
149:
148:
144:
141:
138:
136:
133:
132:
128:
127:
123:
118:
116:
114:
113:
107:
103:
101:
97:
96:submandibular
93:
92:parotid gland
89:
85:
81:
80:sialoadenitis
77:
67:
61:
58:
56:
52:
48:
47:H&E stain
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
16:
3562:
3489:
3425:Sialadenitis
3424:
3384:
3336:
3201:Scissor bite
3196:Retrognathia
3181:Overeruption
3161:Malocclusion
3134:
3014:
2973:
2964:Micrognathia
2917:
2908:Periapical,
2794:Desquamative
2718:
2699:Periodontium
2673:Acid erosion
2614:Taurodontism
2545:Open contact
2457:Enamel pearl
2425:Dilaceration
2388:Concrescence
2189:
2176:
2003:
1956:Cleft palate
1916:Microglossia
1911:Macroglossia
1896:Glossoptosis
1794:Microcheilia
1789:Macrocheilia
1673:
1658:
1643:
1587:
1583:
1497:. Retrieved
1469:
1463:
1413:
1409:
1365:
1361:
1338:. Retrieved
1334:
1296:patient.info
1295:
1285:
1276:
1228:
1222:
1181:
1175:
1163:. Retrieved
1159:
1110:
1101:epidemiology
1098:
1094:
1071:
1068:Epidemiology
1063:
1040:
1014:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
990:
986:
985:
966:
959:
956:
952:
951:
944:
936:
925:
917:
913:
909:
908:
901:
898:
895:
892:
885:
881:
880:
856:
843:
838:Editing help
820:
793:
778:
766:
746:
730:
720:
716:
714:
706:
703:
700:
697:
693:
669:
650:
648:infiltrate.
646:neutrophilic
623:
615:
611:
607:
588:
585:
582:
579:
575:
555:
532:inflammation
521:
478:
472:
462:
456:
448:asymptomatic
424:
405:conditions,
396:
377:
374:
361:
359:Dental decay
358:
345:
342:
238:
228:or stricture
110:
108:
104:
84:inflammation
79:
76:Sialadenitis
75:
74:
42:
15:
3619:Microstomia
3609:Macrostomia
3599:Gnathophyma
3516:Catathrenia
3511:Sleep apnea
3442:Sialectasis
2985:Dentigerous
2975:Odontogenic
2804:Plasma cell
2740:Gigantiform
2516:Microdontia
2506:Macrodontia
2477:Hyperdontia
2172:Oral cancer
2132:Leukoplakia
2040:Candidiasis
2000:Oral mucosa
1921:Rhabdomyoma
1901:Hypoglossia
1762:Plasma cell
1114:antibiotics
1059:clindamycin
1051:sialogogues
1006:hard palate
872:scleroderma
657:hyperplasia
638:eosinophils
558:neutrophils
485:sarcoidosis
463:S. pyogenes
350:Short term
337:Likelihood
3706:Categories
3579:Angioedema
3385:Malignant:
3365:Oncocytoma
3191:Prognathia
2980:periapical
2959:Microgenia
2910:mandibular
2868:Aggressive
2789:Gingivitis
2730:Cementicle
2668:Abfraction
2658:Tooth wear
2651:Edentulism
2646:Tooth loss
2599:Resorption
2584:Pulp polyp
2567:Pulp stone
2511:Meth mouth
2482:Hypodontia
2472:Gemination
2403:Talon cusp
2296:Ulceration
2264:Stomatitis
2242:Pemphigoid
2190:Malignant:
2142:Linea alba
2127:Leukoedema
2107:Herpangina
2075:Giant-cell
1340:4 December
1165:4 December
1132:References
1108:or older.
1106:dehydrated
1075:sclerosing
1043:analgesics
920:xerostomic
918:2. Use of
796:sialoliths
684:parenchyma
591:monoclonal
536:microliths
403:autoimmune
366:Long term
334:Timeframe
313:Recurrent
283:Autoimmune
249:sublingual
194:unilateral
39:Micrograph
3447:Sialocele
3430:Parotitis
3171:Open bite
3166:Crossbite
2944:Cherubism
2914:maxillary
2747:Cementoma
2678:Attrition
2494:Impaction
2462:Fluorosis
2371:Anodontia
2366:Ankylosis
2254:Pemphigus
1874:Glossitis
1769:Cleft lip
1747:Cheilitis
1604:1558-1365
1430:1365-2273
1382:1399-0020
1208:cite book
1200:567351700
1087:bronchial
1083:sinusitis
1037:Treatment
757:Dysphagia
711:Diagnosis
634:phlebitis
541:infection
513:Stockholm
505:neoplasia
457:S. aureus
440:coxsackie
411:bacterial
383:Variable
315:parotitis
297:Infection
55:Specialty
3457:Sialosis
3408:Lymphoma
3280:Mucocele
3176:Overbite
2929:Agnathia
2890:Teething
2715:alveolus
2711:cementum
2663:Abrasion
2639:Occlusal
2624:Avulsion
2589:Pulpitis
2533:Odontoma
2279:Herpetic
2269:Aphthous
1779:Eclabium
1612:19608052
1494:45052711
1390:23137733
1120:See also
1079:allergic
1045:(mainly
784:neoplasm
528:fibrosis
452:swelling
415:calculus
266:purulent
41:showing
3543:Snoring
3501:Bruxism
3337:Benign:
3186:Overjet
3146:Bruxism
3040:Osteoma
2878:Chronic
2703:gingiva
2177:Benign:
2070:Fibroma
1757:Angular
1752:Actinic
1680:D012793
1499:25 June
1486:9354894
1438:7127874
753:trismus
749:earlobe
721:The BMJ
680:antigen
676:B cells
524:atrophy
353:Medium
343:Abscess
273:Chronic
241:parotid
178:Chronic
167:malaise
3285:Ranula
2757:Epulis
2619:Trauma
2467:Fusion
2376:Caries
2349:enamel
2345:dentin
1940:Palate
1828:Tongue
1610:
1602:
1492:
1484:
1436:
1428:
1388:
1380:
1243:
1198:
1188:
1090:asthma
1047:NSAIDs
862:(e.g.
821:is in
661:atypia
487:, and
442:, and
399:cancer
393:Causes
62:
3662:Other
2337:Teeth
1669:527.2
1654:K11.2
1490:S2CID
888:Fever
870:, or
827:prose
739:, or
566:acini
431:Mumps
407:viral
369:High
304:mumps
255:Acute
247:, or
124:Acute
119:Types
82:) is
3624:Noma
3129:and
2912:and
2717:) –
2341:pulp
1736:Lips
1675:MeSH
1664:9-CM
1608:PMID
1600:ISSN
1501:2023
1482:PMID
1434:PMID
1426:ISSN
1386:PMID
1378:ISSN
1342:2018
1241:ISBN
1214:link
1196:OCLC
1186:ISBN
1167:2018
979:and
823:list
674:and
665:DCIS
599:MALT
470:and
409:and
386:Low
98:and
1660:ICD
1645:ICD
1592:doi
1474:doi
1418:doi
1370:doi
1233:doi
1085:or
1057:or
1049:),
981:XII
967:3.
960:2.
945:5.
904:Pus
902:5.
886:1.
874:).
663:to
595:PCR
593:by
509:ENT
436:HIV
86:of
3708::
3488:–
3133:–
3125:,
2713:,
2709:,
2705:,
2347:,
2343:,
2002:–
1678::
1667::
1652::
1649:10
1606:.
1598:.
1588:21
1586:.
1572:^
1555:^
1531:^
1509:^
1488:.
1480:.
1470:31
1468:.
1462:.
1446:^
1432:.
1424:.
1412:.
1398:^
1384:.
1376:.
1366:42
1364:.
1350:^
1333:.
1304:^
1294:.
1275:.
1255:^
1239:.
1210:}}
1206:{{
1194:.
1158:.
1140:^
1092:.
983:.
977:IX
975:,
942:.
866:,
735:,
659:,
605:.
526:,
483:,
476:.
466:,
460:,
438:,
429:.
401:,
243:,
45:.
2977::
2701:(
2351:)
2339:(
1715:e
1708:t
1701:v
1662:-
1647:-
1637:D
1614:.
1594::
1550:.
1526:.
1503:.
1476::
1440:.
1420::
1414:7
1392:.
1372::
1344:.
1298:.
1279:.
1249:.
1235::
1216:)
1202:.
1169:.
848:)
844:(
830:.
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