286:", that establish large territories and control areas that contain multiple females. Yellow stripe-throated males ("sneakers") do not defend a territory, but cluster on the fringes of orange-throated lizard territories, and mate with the females on those territories while the orange-throat is absent, as the territory to defend is large. Blue-throated males are less aggressive and guard only one female; they can fend off the yellow stripe-throated males, but cannot withstand attacks by orange-throated males.
67:
42:
299:
The orange and blue-throated males can sometimes be seen approaching a human "intruder". One speculation is that he could be giving the female(s) a chance to escape, but whether he is defending the female has not been documented. Another speculation is that he is highly motivated to engage whenever
278:
Side-blotched lizards are notable for having the highest number of distinct male and female morphs within a species: three male and two female. They show a diversity of behaviors associated with reproduction, which are often referred to as "alternative reproductive tactics".
255:
As a result of their high predation rate, these lizards are very prolific breeders. From April to June, they breed, with the young emerging as early as late May. These inch-long young appear all through the summer, and into
September.
483:
Taborsky,M & Brockmann HJ (2010) Alternative reproductive tactics and life history phenotypes. pp 537-586, In P. Kappeler, Ed. Animal
Behaviour: Evolution and Mechanisms. Springer Berlin Heidelberg
316:
of the side-blotched lizards is very confusing, with many local forms and morphs having been described as full species. Following the 1997 review of Upton and Murphy, which included new data from
296:
effect, borrowed from the name of the playground game, because the outcome of the mating success shows that one morph of the lizard takes advantage over another but not over the third.
581:
Murphy, Robert W.; Aguirre-LeĂłn, Gustavo (2002). "The
Nonavian Reptiles: Origins and Evolution". pp. 181-220. In: Case, Ted J.; Cody, Martin L.; Ezcurra, Exequiel (editors) (2002).
934:
597:
678:
814:
461:
Sinervo, B.; C.M. Lively (1996). "The rock–paper–scissors game and the evolution of alternative male strategies". Nature 380 (6571): 240–243. doi:10.1038/380240a0.
929:
840:
594:
289:
Orange-throated females lay many small eggs and are very territorial. Yellow-throated females lay fewer, larger eggs, and are more tolerant of each other.
788:
374:
827:
914:
661:
209:. They commonly grow to 6 inches including the tail, with the males normally being the larger sex. Males often have bright throat colors.
517:
Sinervo, B & Lively C.M. (1996) The rock-scissors-paper game and the evolution of alternative male strategies. Nature 340: 240-246
439:
909:
590:
501:
365:
338:
832:
650:
356:
159:
919:
749:
383:
206:
50:
410:
845:
428:
419:
392:
559:
401:
347:
300:
he sees movement on his territory, which he may be interpreting as a possible intruding male, or another female.
155:
66:
924:
689:
754:
866:
655:
Upton, Darlene E.; Murphy, Robert W. (1997). "Phylogeny of the Side-Blotched
Lizards (Phrynosomatidae:
775:
736:
602:
293:
551:(1991). "Viewpoint: a new taxonomic arrangement for some North American amphibians and reptiles".
61:
871:
853:
819:
762:
586:
548:
497:
881:
858:
670:
642:
629:
617:
564:
205:, known for cycling between three colorized breeding patterns and is best described in the
267:
138:
229:
898:
202:
659:) Based on mtDNA Sequences: Support for a Midpeninsular Seaway in Baja California".
17:
904:
331:
320:
283:
128:
767:
801:
721:
309:
263:
237:
233:
727:
712:
741:
313:
78:
674:
494:
Evolution's
Rainbow: Diversity, Gender, and Sexuality in Nature and People
197:. They are some of the most abundant and commonly observed lizards in the
706:
249:
225:
118:
98:
266:
number in most if not all species is 34, consisting of 12 macro- and 22
793:
646:
260:
108:
806:
611:
567:(1994). "Three new species of intertidal side-blotched lizards (Genus
327:
245:
241:
217:
198:
185:
88:
683:
621:
334:, the following species can be recognized pending further research:
228:
to side-blotched lizards. Larger lizard species, such as collared,
632:; Shaw, Margery W. (1968). "Chromosome Number in the Lizard Genus
317:
213:
189:
221:
687:
236:
are the main predators. In turn, the side-blotched lizards eat
41:
780:
696:
282:Orange-throated males are "ultra-dominant, high
212:These lizards are prey for many desert species.
583:A New Island Biogeography of the Sea of Cortés
585:. New York: Oxford University Press. 690 pp.
8:
684:
40:
31:
571:) from the Gulf of California, Mexico".
375:Isla Santa Catalina side-blotched lizard
454:
935:Taxa named by Charles Frédéric Girard
930:Taxa named by Spencer Fullerton Baird
7:
496:. University of California Press.
440:Swollen-nosed side-blotched lizard
25:
529:Perspectives on Animal Behaviour
65:
415:U. (stansburiana) stansburiana
366:San Pedro side-blotched lizard
339:Enchanted side-blotched lizard
1:
915:Reptiles of the United States
411:Northern side-blotched lizard
357:Isla San Pedro Nolasco lizard
429:Plateau side-blotched lizard
424:U. (stansburiana) stejnegeri
420:Eastern side-blotched lizard
406:U. (stansburiana) nevadensis
393:Western side-blotched lizard
433:U. (stansburiana) uniformis
402:Nevada side-blotched lizard
384:Common side-blotched lizard
207:common side-blotched lizard
51:common side-blotched lizard
951:
492:Roughgarden, Joan (2004).
397:U. (stansburiana) elegans
348:Dead side-blotched lizard
232:, and spiny lizards, and
172:
167:
62:Scientific classification
60:
48:
39:
34:
910:Lizards of North America
506:Multiple Gender Families
605:(1943). "The Status of
675:10.1006/mpev.1996.0392
541:See e.g. Oliver (1943)
527:Goodenough, J (2010).
504:Especially chapter 6,
35:Side-blotched lizards
867:Paleobiology Database
636:(Family Iguanidae)".
553:Herpetological Review
182:Side-blotched lizards
607:Uta ornata lateralis
224:all make formidable
18:Side-blotched Lizard
628:Pennock, Lewis A.;
294:rock paper scissors
292:This is called the
248:, and occasionally
920:Reptiles of Mexico
647:10.1007/BF00285020
625:(First page image)
174:Several, see text
892:
891:
854:Open Tree of Life
690:Taxon identifiers
677:
649:
630:Tinkle, Donald W.
624:
615:1943(2): 97-107.
179:
178:
163:
16:(Redirected from
942:
885:
884:
875:
874:
862:
861:
849:
848:
836:
835:
823:
822:
810:
809:
797:
796:
784:
783:
771:
770:
758:
757:
745:
744:
732:
731:
730:
717:
716:
715:
685:
669:
662:Mol. Phyl. Evol.
641:
640:24(4): 467-476.
616:
542:
539:
533:
532:
524:
518:
515:
509:
490:
484:
481:
475:
468:
462:
459:
268:microchromosomes
154:
70:
69:
55:Uta stansburiana
44:
32:
27:Genus of lizards
21:
950:
949:
945:
944:
943:
941:
940:
939:
895:
894:
893:
888:
880:
878:
870:
865:
857:
852:
844:
839:
831:
826:
818:
813:
805:
800:
792:
787:
779:
774:
766:
761:
753:
748:
740:
735:
726:
725:
720:
711:
710:
705:
692:
622:10.2307/1437774
545:
540:
536:
526:
525:
521:
516:
512:
491:
487:
482:
478:
469:
465:
460:
456:
452:
444:U. tumidarostra
388:U. stansburiana
306:
276:
153:
139:Phrynosomatidae
64:
53:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
948:
946:
938:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
897:
896:
890:
889:
887:
886:
876:
863:
850:
837:
824:
811:
798:
785:
772:
759:
746:
733:
718:
702:
700:
694:
693:
688:
682:
681:
668:(1): 104-113.
653:
626:
600:
598:Appendices 2-4
579:
562:
544:
543:
534:
519:
510:
485:
476:
463:
453:
451:
448:
447:
446:
437:
436:
435:
426:
417:
408:
399:
381:
372:
363:
361:U. nolascensis
354:
345:
305:
302:
275:
272:
177:
176:
170:
169:
165:
164:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
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126:
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96:
92:
91:
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82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
58:
57:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
947:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
925:Lizard genera
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
902:
900:
883:
877:
873:
868:
864:
860:
855:
851:
847:
842:
838:
834:
829:
825:
821:
816:
812:
808:
803:
799:
795:
790:
786:
782:
777:
773:
769:
764:
760:
756:
751:
747:
743:
738:
734:
729:
723:
719:
714:
708:
704:
703:
701:
699:
695:
691:
686:
680:
676:
672:
667:
664:
663:
658:
654:
652:
648:
644:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
614:
613:
608:
604:
601:
599:
596:
592:
591:0-19-513346-3
588:
584:
580:
577:
574:
573:Herpetologica
570:
566:
563:
561:
557:
554:
550:
547:
546:
538:
535:
531:. p. 70.
530:
523:
520:
514:
511:
507:
503:
502:0-520-24073-1
499:
495:
489:
486:
480:
477:
473:
467:
464:
458:
455:
449:
445:
441:
438:
434:
430:
427:
425:
421:
418:
416:
412:
409:
407:
403:
400:
398:
394:
391:
390:
389:
385:
382:
380:
376:
373:
371:
367:
364:
362:
358:
355:
353:
349:
346:
344:
343:U. encantadae
340:
337:
336:
335:
333:
329:
325:
324:
319:
315:
311:
303:
301:
297:
295:
290:
287:
285:
280:
273:
271:
269:
265:
262:
257:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
210:
208:
204:
203:North America
200:
196:
195:
191:
187:
183:
175:
171:
166:
161:
157:
152:
151:
147:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
133:
130:
127:
124:
123:
120:
117:
114:
113:
110:
107:
104:
103:
100:
97:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
80:
77:
74:
73:
68:
63:
59:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
697:
679:PDF fulltext
665:
660:
656:
651:PDF fulltext
637:
633:
610:
609:Boulenger".
606:
595:PDF fulltext
582:
575:
572:
568:
560:PDF fulltext
558:(2): 42-43.
555:
552:
537:
528:
522:
513:
508:, pp. 90-93.
505:
493:
488:
479:
471:
466:
457:
443:
432:
423:
414:
405:
396:
387:
378:
369:
360:
351:
342:
322:
307:
298:
291:
288:
284:testosterone
281:
277:
258:
254:
211:
193:
192:
181:
180:
173:
149:
148:
54:
29:
802:iNaturalist
722:Wikispecies
379:U. squamata
321:cytochrome
310:systematics
304:Systematics
234:roadrunners
201:of western
899:Categories
638:Chromosoma
578:: 451–474.
565:Grismer LL
549:Collins JT
450:References
370:U. palmeri
264:chromosome
240:, such as
238:arthropods
125:Suborder:
603:Oliver JA
332:sequences
314:phylogeny
250:scorpions
226:predators
216:, larger
85:Kingdom:
79:Eukaryota
707:Wikidata
470:Pennock
352:U. lowei
168:Species
135:Family:
119:Squamata
109:Reptilia
99:Chordata
95:Phylum:
89:Animalia
75:Domain:
820:1202147
794:2451479
713:Q613830
261:diploid
246:spiders
242:insects
230:leopard
218:lizards
199:deserts
188:of the
186:lizards
145:Genus:
129:Iguania
115:Order:
105:Class:
882:212925
879:uBio:
859:427279
833:173955
755:165149
612:Copeia
589:
500:
474:(1968)
472:et al.
328:ATPase
220:, and
214:Snakes
162:, 1852
160:Girard
158:&
872:37880
846:43651
815:IRMNG
807:36090
781:14507
318:mtDNA
222:birds
190:genus
156:Baird
49:Male
841:NCBI
828:ITIS
789:GBIF
768:85GP
750:BOLD
587:ISBN
498:ISBN
326:and
312:and
308:The
259:The
184:are
905:Uta
776:EoL
763:CoL
742:Uta
737:ADW
728:Uta
698:Uta
671:doi
657:Uta
643:doi
634:Uta
618:doi
569:Uta
274:Sex
194:Uta
150:Uta
901::
869::
856::
843::
830::
817::
804::
791::
778::
765::
752::
739::
724::
709::
593:.
576:50
556:22
442:,
431:,
422:,
413:,
404:,
395:,
386:,
377:,
368:,
359:,
350:,
341:,
330:6
270:.
252:.
244:,
673::
666:8
645::
620::
323:b
20:)
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