374:
489:
544:: "Even as we emptied twenty cattle cars, another twenty pulled up at the platform. These, too, were full of bodies. Again there were the brutal beatings of the Ukrainians and the SS men, and the hell began anew. We were bruised from head to toe. Again we emptied the cars of corpses, only corpses. In several hours, we hauled 6,000–7,000 of them to the Lazarett. We learned that the transport had come from Siedlce, a town about 60 kilometers from Treblinka." The last two box cars were filled with the victims' clothing containing nothing of any value.
589:
273:
266:
1319:
52:
670:
26:
59:
784:
525:
By 27 August 1942, the ghetto was no more. The town's remaining Jewish slave workers were returned to the "little ghetto" and on 25 November 1942 marched to the Gęsi Borek colony under the pretext of reemerging threat of epidemic typhus; several thousand of them were massacred three days later, on 28
521:
has been sent by the
Gestapo around noon time to conduct a shooting action there in order to inflict terror. In the evening of 24 August 1942 – a day after the first Holocaust transport – some 5,000 to 6,000 people from the cemetery have been sent away to their deaths. Meanwhile, the overall number
364:
people. The ghetto zone consisted of several small city blocks and over a dozen walkable streets in city centre north of the Old Square. The ghetto was closed off by a barbed wire fence, and cut off from the outside world on 1 October 1941 with only three gates leading out, guarded by Nazi patrols.
509:
Around 10,000 Jews were herded into the square on 22 August, including all captives brought on foot by Orpo from the transit ghettos in three nearby settlements; 500 men were selected to go back to their work camps. The rest were made to sit on the ground overnight, tormented and shot at. The next
389:
Conditions in the ghetto were appalling, with grossly insufficient quantities of food. At one point, 15 people lived in single rooms without sanitation. Jews were not allowed to own fur products. People trying to cross the fence illegally were shot in the back by the dozen. A typhus epidemic broke
228:. Thousands of Jews were brought in from the ghettos in other cities and towns. In total, at least 17,000 Jews were annihilated in the process of ghetto liquidation. Hundreds of Jews were shot on the spot during the house-to-house searches, along with staff and patients of the Jewish hospital.
609:
Jabłoń with her little daughter
Rachela managed to escape from the ghetto in August 1942. They were rescued by the Zawadzki family from Siedlce. Cypora could not live without her husband and her parents. She left the child with the rescuers and returned to the ghetto alone, in time for mass
359:
in
Siedlce was pronounced on 2 August 1941. The smaller number of non-Jewish Poles living in designated areas were ordered to move out before 8:00 p.m. on 6 August. The Jewish families (over half of the city's population) were given two weeks to relocate there, along with
423:(10 barracks, next to Brzeska Street). Active labour force: 2,000 prisoners (1941–42). Counting in the ill persons, released for threat of an epidemic, as well as Jewish men brought in from other settlements – not from the ghetto – some 20,000 Jews passed through the camp.
258:. Many Jewish organizations sprung up, as well as printing presses, book stores and commercial establishments; there were several dozen Jewish bakeries, mills, metal shops, and jewelries. Almost all commerce was in the Jewish hands, sparking occasional labour disputes.
314:
which surrendered soon afterwards. Siedlce was strafed and bombed several times by the
Luftwaffe. In October, the persecution of Jews by the new German administration began with the arrest of 50 most prominent individuals. The creation of the Jewish
405:(close to the fire station). Active labour force: 500 prisoners (1941–43). The total number of 15,000 Jews passed through the facility; decimated by epidemic of typhus and scarlet fever. Remaining prisoners were shot on site during camp liquidation.
522:
of Jews shot at the cemetery and thrown into mass graves was 3,000 estimated by the Polish historians. On the day of the "aktion", the Jewish hospital was liquidated, with everyone killed on site either in their beds or out in the courtyard.
373:
321:
Council was ordered at the end of
November. Among its 25 members were Icchak (Itzak) Nachum Weintraub (chairman; former head of the Jewish hospital), Hersz Eisenberg (vice-chairman), and Hersz Tenenbaum (secretary, liaison with the
568:
even though the exact numbers of Jewish survivors are unclear. Some managed to flee from the Nazis into the Soviet-occupied eastern Poland at the beginning of the war. Others managed to obtain Aryan papers from the
235:
for the five camps set up locally. They were deported to
Treblinka from the so-called "little ghetto" before the end of 1942. Only a few hundred Jews survived in hiding until the German withdrawal from Siedlce.
547:
The
Siedlce Jewish community was not restored after Nazi defeat, and the town's later history lacked the hitherto conspicuous Jewish component. Survivors of the town's population established an association in
265:
2080:
3645:
2889:
1509:
3246:
1190:. Museum of Struggle and Martyrdom at Treblinka. Division of the Regional Museum in Siedlce (Muzeum Walki i Męczeństwa w Treblince. Oddział Muzeum Regionalnego w Siedlcach). Archived from
3281:
3236:
510:
day they were assembled into columns and marched to the train station in utter terror; the connecting streets were full of dead bodies. The Jews were crammed into awaiting freight cars
621:, and one of the Zawadzki sisters; all recognized as the Righteous in 1988. Zofia took care also of another Jewish girl, Dorota Maczyk (Monczyk), who survived the Holocaust with them.
3276:
3271:
3256:
1082:
testimonials from young children beyond their level of competence, quoted by the author from H. Grynberg (), omitted for reliability's sake. Archived from the original on 18 May 2015
3261:
3266:
3241:
2999:
2073:
1278:
3499:
1101:
913:
3210:
206:
were imprisoned there for the purpose of persecution and exploitation. Conditions were appalling; epidemics of typhus and scarlet fever raged. Beginning 22 August 1942 during
1183:
232:
517:
While the Jews from out of town were gathered at the square on the first day of roundups, local Jews were forced into the cemetery on
Szkolna Street. The squad of Ukrainian
1550:
1502:
280:
540:
who successfully escaped during the perilous
Treblinka revolt, and who took part in the unloading of the freight cars. He described it in the following way in his book
2066:
1640:
3205:
3708:
3215:
398:, A.V.L.) at the Polish Army base, with the active labour force of 100 prisoners (1940–42). The total number of Jews who passed through the camp was around 5,000.
3542:
3220:
1123:
Virtual Jewish World. Source: Encyclopaedia
Judaica; Sefer Yizkor li-Kehillat, Siedlce li-Shenat Arba Esreh le-Ḥurbanah (Yid., 1956). Retrieved 30 October 2015.
552:
which in 1956 published a comprehensive memorial book on the community's history. One of the survivors, Yisrael Kravitz, published his memoires in 1971 as the
3678:
3295:
1495:
565:
3527:
1367:
2884:
1462:
1445:
1394:
610:
deportations. She took a poison pill when her husband Jakub was put on a death train to Treblinka, according to witnesses. Little Rachela was whisked to
203:
148:
1734:
3683:
3251:
2992:
3492:
1886:
990:
708:
526:
November. Their bodies were nefariously not buried, but sent to Treblinka in a freight train consisting of 40 wagons of corpses, which outraged the
439:
245:
187:
3617:
2914:
2946:
2839:
3350:
2844:
431:
107:
3547:
3030:
2985:
1633:
3485:
2045:
1410:
1347:
195:
3668:
3025:
1231:
574:
880:
573:. Many Jews escaped from Siedlce in 1941. Sixteen survivors found refuge at the home of the Osiński family nearby, awarded medals of
254:, Jews constituted around 50 percent of the town's population of 30,000 inhabitants. Jewish life in Siedlce experienced a revival in
1191:
749:
450:– began gassing Jews in July 1942. The next month, on 22 August 1942 the Siedlce Ghetto liquidation action began in earnest, under
1153:
1063:
2576:
615:
611:
601:
38:
1324:
3630:
1824:
1626:
488:
356:
3603:
2958:
2934:
1729:
3081:
980:
3625:
3435:
1954:
1677:
3091:
3076:
1724:
1704:
1672:
443:
221:
1769:
647:: 3,800), 26 September (Siedlce: 5,000), and 30 November, 1942 (Siedlce: 1,700) with references and supplementary data.
3660:
2926:
1804:
1759:
1749:
1739:
1682:
2671:
2173:
1789:
1428:
Photo Archives, #71475. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of Zofia Glazer. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
592:
Public announcement of death penalty for Poles helping Jews leaving the Ghetto illegally, signed by the governor of
3572:
3514:
3455:
3396:
3086:
3050:
2954:
2894:
2477:
2040:
1754:
1699:
1580:
741:
729:
588:
284:
3557:
3345:
2930:
2621:
2566:
2035:
1764:
1744:
1694:
1600:
1555:
577:
in 1990 some fifty years after the fact. Financial help for the purchase of food was provided by the clandestine
426:
Camp V – "Bauzug", at the railway station. Active labour force: 100 prisoners repairing railway tracks (1942–43).
390:
out in the winter of 1941–42. There were five labour camps set up by the Germans in the vicinity of the ghetto.
3672:
3376:
2938:
1819:
1716:
1655:
1605:
1590:
1570:
1560:
1545:
1540:
1364:
783:
272:
3386:
2768:
1999:
1794:
3315:
3040:
2874:
1595:
1585:
1575:
1565:
1518:
1217:
211:
3096:
2646:
2561:
757:
255:
618:
3635:
3055:
1335:
Wolf Yesni (ed.) "Memorial to the Siedlce Community – 14 Years Since its Destruction" (in Yididsh), 1956
849:
633:
302:
1909:
1374:
Yad Vashem. Commission for the Designation of the Righteous, pp. 1–4 in PDF. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
831:
camps for the Red Army soldiers, the Hiwis were tasked with the liquidation of the Nazi-era ghettos in
452:
1425:
330:
the Nazis set fire to the synagogue and burned it to the ground, notably with Jewish refugees inside.
3112:
2950:
2823:
2788:
2708:
2344:
2269:
2213:
1809:
1939:
1478:
685:
3650:
3522:
3172:
3162:
3122:
2571:
2394:
1964:
1933:
1899:
1834:
1441:
1904:
1390:
3360:
3147:
2899:
2447:
2384:
2314:
2304:
2223:
1688:
1664:
836:
673:
636:
593:
570:
473:. People unable to move and attempting to hide were shot in their homes by the roaming squads of
469:
447:
435:
297:
251:
207:
3391:
3152:
2723:
2661:
1944:
1386:
1120:
961:
3640:
3415:
3325:
3142:
3137:
3117:
2793:
2520:
2485:
2437:
2279:
2218:
2143:
1314:
1227:
1179:
1132:
1095:
1071:
1059:
1022:
976:
957:
907:
720:
They came from transit ghettos set up at the following locations; for the Łosice area, one in
537:
420:
402:
1458:
1295:
3713:
3577:
3182:
3132:
2922:
2743:
2601:
2581:
2551:
2389:
2379:
2354:
2329:
2238:
2228:
2203:
2158:
2153:
1994:
1989:
1924:
1894:
1876:
1866:
1829:
1814:
1344:
844:
797:
3598:
3593:
3450:
3381:
3330:
3310:
3071:
2878:
2808:
2738:
2676:
2666:
2606:
2541:
2409:
2319:
2208:
2193:
2178:
2138:
2004:
1856:
1371:
1351:
840:
832:
828:
582:
478:
352:
225:
179:
3320:
2651:
2233:
2113:
1969:
733:
711:, Washington 1978, Library of Congress, p. ix (11/306 in PDF). Retrieved 3 November 2015.
998:
377:
Public announcement by the Nazi occupation authority commanding the resettlement of all
3340:
3335:
3167:
3035:
2942:
2864:
2818:
2733:
2631:
2592:
2556:
2515:
2374:
2364:
2359:
2334:
2324:
2274:
2163:
2148:
2128:
2118:
1929:
1871:
1799:
1282:
1136:
1026:
985:
888:
532:
464:
1487:
1009:
412:
road). Active labour force: 300 prisoners (1941–43), housed in two barracks; with 250
3702:
3537:
3355:
3127:
2868:
2803:
2798:
2783:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2718:
2656:
2611:
2525:
2510:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2462:
2452:
2432:
2404:
2294:
2264:
2183:
2168:
2123:
2014:
1984:
1959:
1949:
1919:
1914:
1850:
1532:
1406:
1248:
815:
745:
690:
378:
361:
327:
216:
154:
137:
901:
W sierpniu 1941 r. Niemcy utworzyli getto, w którym zgromadzili ponad 12 tys. Żydów.
338:
51:
3445:
3157:
2964:
2904:
2813:
2778:
2773:
2641:
2626:
2467:
2399:
2369:
2339:
2289:
2259:
2254:
2108:
2009:
1974:
1861:
823:
804:
474:
58:
2299:
381:
people from the county of Siedlce into the Jewish ghetto, with the letter "Z" for
1279:
Siedlce: Cmentarz żydowski – miejsce masowych egzekucji i pochówku ofiar Zagłady.
214:, around 10,000 Jews were rounded up – men, women and children – gathered at the
3440:
3177:
2713:
2703:
2636:
2616:
2546:
2505:
2442:
2427:
2349:
2309:
2198:
2188:
853:
blended with the civilian population in West Germany and disappeared from sight.
664:
624:
On 17 December 1943 10 people were shot. One of the reasons was hiding of Jews.
409:
311:
25:
891:), Muzeum Historii Żydów Polskich. Archived from the original on 5 January 2016
2763:
2728:
2284:
2133:
765:
1075:
1070:. Translated by Dobrochna Fire. Yizkor Book Project. Chapter 2: pp. 137–167.
416:
of bread and 1 litre of soup per day. One prisoner is known to have survived.
3020:
2457:
2030:
1482:
761:
518:
493:
347:
342:
307:
202:. The ghetto was closed from the outside in early October 1941. Some 12,000
79:
3045:
769:
721:
640:
578:
482:
1354:,י.קראוויץ, "החיים בגיהנום, חמש שנים תחת שלטון הנאצים בעיר שדליץ", תשל"א
3460:
317:
306:
rolled into Siedlce on 12 September 1939 after a fierce battle along the
1413:, FKCh "ZNAK" 1999–2008. Retrieved 5 November 2015 via Internet Archive.
355:
organized a 3-day shooting action in March 1941. The formal creation of
737:
725:
497:
323:
288:
191:
166:
103:
30:
231:
Over 1,500 persons were temporarily spared death in order to continue
3532:
964:
H.E.A.R.T, Holocaust Research Project.org. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
839:
and played an important role in the total annihilation of the Jewish
549:
334:
199:
605:
686:
Map of the Siedlce Ghetto before and after August 1942 deportations
1219:
The murder of Jews in Poland and the German Order Police 1939–1945
753:
644:
587:
487:
460:
has been informed about mass "transfer to the east" personally by
372:
1226:]. Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh GmbH & Co KG. p. 646.
1224:
Der Judenmord in Polen und die deutsche Ordnungspolizei 1939–1945
554:
Five Years of Living Hell under Nazi Rule in the City of Siedlce
413:
3481:
2981:
2062:
1622:
1491:
446:– built north of Siedlce exclusively for the implementation of
351:. In order to strike terror in overcrowded neighbourhoods, the
337:
were deported to Siedlce in 1940, with their compatriots from
283:
Siedlce Getto (blue) in the predominantly Jewish district of
2089:
Perpetrators, participants, organizations, and collaborators
564:
Throughout the existence of the ghetto, there were numerous
514:
and sent to Treblinka, 62 kilometres (39 mi) distance.
1027:"Political aspirations of Jews during the period 1918–1939"
820:
676:, 1 h 19 min without traffic. Previously: 113 km via DW803.
527:
408:
Camp III – Building Inspectorate No. 8 "Kiesgrube" (at the
129:
Imprisonment, starvation, mass shootings, mass deportations
34:
3646:
International Youth Meeting Center in Oświęcim/Auschwitz
1442:
Rodzina Zawadzkich. Sprawiedliwy wśród Narodów Świata.
530:
at the killing factory. The incident was described by
1391:
Rodzina Osińskich. Sprawiedliwy wśród Narodów Świata.
736:; the second one for the Sarnaki area with Jews from
1188:
Treblinka. Nigdy wiecej, Siedlce 2002, pp. 5–54
1012:
by Michael Peters of ARC. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
752:; and third for the Mordy area, with prisoners from
3659:
3616:
3586:
3565:
3556:
3513:
3428:
3408:
3369:
3303:
3294:
3229:
3198:
3191:
3105:
3064:
3013:
2913:
2857:
2832:
2696:
2689:
2590:
2534:
2476:
2418:
2247:
2101:
2094:
2023:
1885:
1843:
1782:
1715:
1663:
1654:
1365:
Difficulties in Rescue Attempts in Occupied Poland.
161:
143:
133:
125:
113:
99:
87:
18:
1302:weekly, 27 March 1994. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
614:in the summer of 1943 and survived in the care of
585:lived 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Siedlce.
781:Google Maps, Siedlce–Treblinka: 62.2 km via DK63
3008:Resistance, victims, documentation and technical
1459:Glazer Zofia. Sprawiedliwy wśród Narodów Świata.
1100:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
912:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
960:with English translation by L. Biedka (2007),
3493:
2993:
2074:
1634:
1503:
827:battalions. As volunteers recruited from the
434:was set in motion by Nazi Germany during the
8:
3679:Rescue of Jews by Poles during the Holocaust
1426:Cypora (Jablon) Zonszajn in Siedlce, Poland.
1154:"Treblinka Museum of Struggle and Martyrdom"
972:
970:
953:
951:
949:
947:
945:
943:
639:, deportations: 22 August (Siedlce: 5,000 –
1649:Camps, ghettos, execution sites and attacks
1436:
1434:
1211:
1209:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1040:
941:
939:
937:
935:
933:
931:
929:
927:
925:
923:
787:and on to DW627, 1 h 7 min without traffic.
3562:
3500:
3486:
3478:
3300:
3195:
3000:
2986:
2978:
2693:
2098:
2081:
2067:
2059:
1660:
1641:
1627:
1619:
1615:
1510:
1496:
1488:
1463:POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews
1446:POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews
1395:POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews
1382:
1380:
271:
1160:. Portal to European Sites of Remembrance
1137:Appendix 5. Map of the Ghetto in Siedlce.
705:German military symbols and abbreviations
1421:
1419:
1294:Dr Władysław Stefanoff (27 March 1994),
991:Museum of the History of the Polish Jews
881:"History of Jewish community in Siedlce"
874:
872:
870:
496:during the liquidation of the ghetto in
246:Jewish ghettos in German-occupied Poland
3604:Extraordinary (Soviet) State Commission
866:
703:National Archives and Records Service,
657:
442:across occupied Poland was sealed. The
3709:Jewish ghettos in Nazi-occupied Poland
3587:Polish, East German, and Soviet trials
2947:Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalions
1323:Zydowski Instytut Historyczny, p. 47.
1093:
1031:The Jews in Siedlce 1850–1945 (ibidem)
905:
190:set up by Nazi Germany in the city of
15:
1115:
1113:
1111:
724:holding local Jews and families from
581:Council to Aid Jews, whose president
492:Deportation of 10,000 Polish Jews to
432:Final Solution to the Jewish Question
394:Camp I – Army Food Storehouse No. 6 (
198:, 92 kilometres (57 mi) east of
7:
385:(Gypsy in German) on their armbands.
3508:Aftermath, trials and commemoration
1519:Holocaust in German-occupied Poland
1064:"The Extermination of Siedlce Jews"
333:Over a thousand Jews expelled from
3669:Polish Righteous Among the Nations
1411:Julian Grobelny i jego żona Helena
667:, Warsaw–Siedlce: 92.4 km via DK2
421:Wolfer and Göbel Road Construction
14:
3351:Special Prosecution Book – Poland
3528:Population transfers (1944–1946)
2577:Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg
1457:Zuzanna Schnepf (October 2007),
1440:Zuzanna Schnepf (October 2007),
1281:Muzeum Historii Żydów Polskich,
843:. After the war, the last 1,000
782:
668:
264:
57:
50:
39:the Holocaust in occupied Poland
24:
3631:Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum
3543:Anti-Jewish violence, 1944–1946
575:the Righteous Among the Nations
2959:Schutzmannschaft Battalion 118
2935:36th Estonian Police Battalion
899:– via Internet Archive.
1:
3626:Monument to the Ghetto Heroes
3456:Human medical experimentation
1202:– via Internet Archive.
1152:Memorial Museums.org (2013).
1140:The Jews in Siedlce 1850–1945
1068:The Jews in Siedlce 1850–1945
879:Przemysław Maksymiuk (2015).
33:Synagogue burned down by the
1465:. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
1448:. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
1397:. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
1285:. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
500:, beginning 23 August 1942
481:who arrived in Siedlce from
444:Treblinka extermination camp
222:Treblinka extermination camp
212:Holocaust in occupied Poland
3661:Righteous Among the Nations
3548:Ministry of Public Security
2927:Belarusian Auxiliary Police
1537:Related articles by country
3730:
3573:Frankfurt Auschwitz trials
2955:Ukrainian Auxiliary Police
566:escape and rescue attempts
560:Escape and rescue attempts
485:for that express purpose.
243:
188:World War II Jewish ghetto
78:Siedlce location south of
37:in 1939 in the lead up to
3477:
3346:Sobibor perpetrator album
2977:
2931:Estonian Auxiliary Police
2058:
2041:Human medical experiments
1618:
1614:
1525:
1216:Wolfgang Curilla (2011).
694:. Source: DeathCamps.org.
403:The Reckmann Construction
45:
23:
3594:Auschwitz trial (Poland)
2939:Latvian Auxiliary Police
2672:Karl Eberhard Schöngarth
2174:Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger
1119:Jewish Virtual Library,
3684:Garden of the Righteous
3436:Identification in camps
3429:Technical and logistics
2875:Order Police battalions
1142:, pp. 175–226 (ibidem).
1033:. Chapter 5, pp. 63–93.
165:The Jewish cemetery in
3097:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
2562:Heinrich Klaustermeyer
1363:Dr. Shmuel Krakowski,
1268:Gutman, Arad, Kuwalek.
999:"Getta Żydowskie," by
835:. They also served at
709:Armecverpflegungslager
597:
501:
396:Armeeverpflegungslager
386:
233:supplying slave labour
183:
108:German-occupied Poland
3636:Majdanek State Museum
2769:Karl-Friedrich Höcker
1673:Auschwitz II-Birkenau
1277:Krzysztof Bielawski,
850:SS Battalion Streibel
634:Timeline of Treblinka
591:
491:
376:
303:Panzer Division Kempf
244:Further information:
208:the most deadly phase
153:an unknown number of
3113:Mordechai Anielewicz
2824:Elisabeth Volkenrath
2709:Jenny-Wanda Barkmann
2345:Arthur Liebehenschel
2270:Hermine Braunsteiner
2214:Arthur Seyss-Inquart
1320:Revolt in Treblinka.
1296:Siedlecki transport.
997:statistical data at
887:. Wirtualny Sztetl (
885:Miejsca martyrologii
811:) were organized by
3651:March of the Living
3523:Holocaust survivors
3387:Vrba–Wetzler report
3163:Alexander Pechersky
3123:Mordechai Tenenbaum
2572:Alexander Palfinger
2395:Johann Schwarzhuber
1955:Międzyrzec Podlaski
1934:Lviv pogroms (1941)
1835:Sonderaktion Krakau
1194:on October 19, 2013
1182:(4 February 2010).
837:extermination camps
813:SS-Hauptsturmführer
758:Krzesk-Królowa Niwa
542:Revolt in Treblinka
256:the interwar period
3566:West German trials
3361:Wannsee Conference
3148:Itzhak Katzenelson
2900:General Government
2385:Franz Reichleitner
2315:Fritz Hartjenstein
2305:Maximilian Grabner
2224:Bruno Streckenbach
2036:Grossaktion Warsaw
1689:Operation Reinhard
1370:2016-03-06 at the
1350:2021-08-12 at the
1325:Book snippet view.
1300:Tygodnik Siedlecki
1249:"SS Training Camp"
637:extermination camp
598:
571:Polish underground
505:Ghetto liquidation
502:
467:, the governor of
453:SS-Obersturmführer
448:Operation Reinhard
438:; and the fate of
436:Wannsee Conference
430:In early 1942 the
387:
369:Life in the Ghetto
298:invasion of Poland
252:invasion of Poland
220:, and deported to
3696:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3612:
3611:
3473:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3424:
3423:
3416:Sonderaktion 1005
3290:
3289:
2973:
2972:
2951:Ypatingasis būrys
2853:
2852:
2794:Johanna Langefeld
2789:Hildegard Lächert
2685:
2684:
2521:Alfred Trzebinski
2486:Franz von Bodmann
2438:Lorenz Hackenholt
2280:Theodor van Eupen
2219:Jakob Sporrenberg
2054:
2053:
1778:
1777:
1461:Tytuł przyznany.
1444:Tytuł przyznany.
1409:(29 April 2003),
1393:Tytuł przyznany.
1389:(November 2008),
1315:Samuel Willenberg
981:Ghetto in Siedlce
803:guards known as "
688:with location of
594:Distrikt Warschau
538:Samuel Willenberg
470:Distrikt Warschau
184:Getto w Siedlcach
172:
171:
3721:
3578:Treblinka trials
3563:
3502:
3495:
3488:
3479:
3377:Graebe affidavit
3370:Witness accounts
3316:Frank memorandum
3301:
3196:
3183:Szmul Zygielbojm
3173:Frumka Płotnicka
3133:Leon Feldhendler
3118:Icchak Cukierman
3072:Ghetto uprisings
3002:
2995:
2988:
2979:
2923:Schutzmannschaft
2744:Feodor Fedorenko
2694:
2602:Wolfgang Birkner
2390:Heinrich Schwarz
2380:Josef Oberhauser
2355:Heinrich Matthes
2239:Dieter Wisliceny
2229:Richard Thomalla
2204:Heinz Reinefarth
2154:Heinrich Himmler
2099:
2083:
2076:
2069:
2060:
2024:Other atrocities
1661:
1643:
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1199:
1176:
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1124:
1121:Siedlce, Poland.
1117:
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1089:
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1056:
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1019:
1013:
1007:
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911:
903:
898:
896:
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854:
841:ghetto uprisings
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788:
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773:
718:
712:
701:
695:
683:
677:
672:
671:
662:
596:, September 1942
310:with the Polish
275:
268:
226:Holocaust trains
120:
90:
70:
69:
61:
54:
28:
16:
3729:
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3688:
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3608:
3599:Stutthof trials
3582:
3552:
3509:
3506:
3465:
3451:Holocaust train
3420:
3404:
3392:Witold's Report
3382:Gerstein Report
3365:
3331:Katzmann Report
3311:Auschwitz Album
3286:
3225:
3187:
3153:Michał Klepfisz
3101:
3060:
3009:
3006:
2969:
2909:
2879:Ordnungspolizei
2849:
2828:
2809:Erich Muhsfeldt
2739:Margot Dreschel
2724:Alexander Bülow
2681:
2677:Udo von Woyrsch
2667:Hermann Schaper
2662:Emanuel Schäfer
2647:Josef Meisinger
2607:Helmut Bischoff
2586:
2542:Heinz Auerswald
2530:
2472:
2420:
2414:
2410:Christian Wirth
2320:Gottlieb Hering
2243:
2209:Julian Scherner
2194:Georg Michalsen
2179:Franz Kutschera
2139:Odilo Globocnik
2090:
2087:
2050:
2019:
1881:
1839:
1820:Kielce cemetery
1774:
1711:
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1479:Siedlce, Poland
1475:
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1417:
1405:
1401:
1387:Teresa Torańska
1385:
1378:
1372:Wayback Machine
1362:
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1352:Wayback Machine
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962:Siedlce Ghetto.
956:
921:
904:
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878:
877:
868:
863:
858:
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833:occupied Poland
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602:Cypora Zonszajn
583:Julian Grobelny
562:
507:
440:ghettoised Jews
371:
294:
293:
292:
282:
277:
276:
269:
248:
242:
196:occupied Poland
152:
118:
88:
83:
82:in World War II
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41:
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3641:Sobibór Museum
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3398:Sonderkommando
3394:
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3379:
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3371:
3367:
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3363:
3358:
3353:
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3341:Posen speeches
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3336:Korherr Report
3333:
3328:
3326:Höfle telegram
3323:
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3170:
3168:Witold Pilecki
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3143:Henryk Iwański
3140:
3138:Paweł Frenkiel
3135:
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2974:
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2968:
2967:
2962:
2943:Arajs Kommando
2919:
2917:
2911:
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2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2872:
2865:Einsatzgruppen
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2855:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2842:
2836:
2834:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2821:
2819:Alice Orlowski
2816:
2811:
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2791:
2786:
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2741:
2736:
2734:John Demjanjuk
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2700:
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2644:
2639:
2634:
2632:Gerhard Flesch
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2619:
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2609:
2604:
2598:
2596:
2593:Einsatzgruppen
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2587:
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2584:
2579:
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2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2538:
2536:
2535:Ghetto command
2532:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2516:Horst Schumann
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2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2375:Johann Niemann
2372:
2367:
2362:
2360:Hermann Michel
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2335:Karl-Otto Koch
2332:
2327:
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2312:
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2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2275:Irmfried Eberl
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2196:
2191:
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2176:
2171:
2166:
2164:Fritz Katzmann
2161:
2156:
2151:
2149:Arthur Greiser
2146:
2144:Richard Glücks
2141:
2136:
2131:
2129:Ludwig Fischer
2126:
2121:
2119:Adolf Eichmann
2116:
2111:
2105:
2103:
2096:
2092:
2091:
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2020:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
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1947:
1942:
1937:
1927:
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1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
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1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1786:
1784:
1783:Mass shootings
1780:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1772:
1770:Danzig-Matzkau
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1735:Kraków-Płaszów
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1727:
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1474:
1473:External links
1471:
1468:
1467:
1450:
1430:
1415:
1399:
1376:
1356:
1345:Jewish Siedlce
1337:
1328:
1307:
1287:
1283:Virtual Shtetl
1270:
1239:
1233:978-3506770431
1232:
1205:
1184:"The Memorial"
1180:Edward Kopówka
1171:
1144:
1133:Edward Kopówka
1125:
1107:
1060:Edward Kopówka
1036:
1023:Edward Kopówka
1014:
995:See also:
986:Virtual Shtetl
977:Edward Kopówka
966:
958:Edward Kopówka
919:
889:Virtual Shtetl
865:
864:
862:
859:
856:
855:
809:Trawnikimänner
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774:
713:
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678:
656:
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653:
650:
649:
648:
629:
626:
561:
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533:Sonderkommando
506:
503:
479:Orpo battalion
465:Ludwig Fischer
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367:
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176:Siedlce Ghetto
170:
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147:12,000–17,000
145:
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94:Siedlce Ghetto
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42:
29:
21:
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19:Siedlce Ghetto
13:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
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3570:
3568:
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3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3538:Kielce pogrom
3536:
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3512:
3503:
3498:
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3385:
3383:
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3362:
3359:
3357:
3356:Stroop Report
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3296:Documentation
3293:
3283:
3280:
3278:
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3273:
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3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
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3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
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3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3128:Marek Edelman
3126:
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3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3104:
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3095:
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3039:
3037:
3034:
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3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3014:Organizations
3012:
3003:
2998:
2996:
2991:
2989:
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2963:
2960:
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2921:
2920:
2918:
2916:
2915:Collaboration
2912:
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2862:
2860:
2858:Organizations
2856:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2831:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2804:Eduard Lorenz
2802:
2800:
2799:Anton Lechner
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2784:Josef Kollmer
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2754:Kurt Gerstein
2752:
2750:
2749:Hans Hoffmann
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2719:Juana Bormann
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2695:
2692:
2688:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2657:Erich Naumann
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2612:Lothar Beutel
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2583:
2582:Jürgen Stroop
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2552:Josef Blösche
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2533:
2527:
2526:Eduard Wirths
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2511:Josef Mengele
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2501:Horst Fischer
2499:
2497:
2496:Karl Gebhardt
2494:
2492:
2491:Carl Clauberg
2489:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2463:Ludwig Plagge
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2453:Herbert Lange
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2433:Kurt Bolender
2431:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2417:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2405:Gustav Wagner
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2330:Franz Hössler
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2295:Karl Fritzsch
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2265:Wilhelm Boger
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2184:Erwin Lambert
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2169:Wilhelm Koppe
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2159:Hermann Höfle
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2124:Theodor Eicke
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2093:
2084:
2079:
2077:
2072:
2070:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1878:
1875:
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1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1842:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1825:Aktion Krakau
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1795:Bloody Sunday
1793:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1781:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
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1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1717:Concentration
1714:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
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1670:
1668:
1666:
1665:Extermination
1662:
1659:
1657:
1653:
1644:
1639:
1637:
1632:
1630:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1617:
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1607:
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1579:
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1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1533:The Holocaust
1531:
1528:
1527:
1524:
1520:
1513:
1508:
1506:
1501:
1499:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1484:
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1464:
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1454:
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1447:
1443:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1407:Irena Sendler
1403:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1383:
1381:
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1369:
1366:
1360:
1357:
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1341:
1338:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1308:
1301:
1298:Reprint from
1297:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1254:
1250:
1243:
1240:
1235:
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1221:
1220:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1175:
1172:
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1148:
1145:
1141:
1138:
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1122:
1116:
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1108:
1103:
1097:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1010:"Ghetto List"
1003:
1002:
996:
992:
988:
987:
982:
978:
973:
971:
967:
963:
959:
954:
952:
950:
948:
946:
944:
942:
940:
938:
936:
934:
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930:
928:
926:
924:
920:
915:
909:
902:
890:
886:
882:
875:
873:
871:
867:
860:
852:
851:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
825:
822:
817:
816:Karl Streibel
814:
810:
806:
802:
799:
793:
790:
785:
778:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
717:
714:
710:
706:
700:
697:
693:
692:
691:Umschlagplatz
687:
682:
679:
675:
666:
661:
658:
651:
646:
642:
638:
635:
632:
631:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
613:
608:
607:
603:
595:
590:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
567:
559:
557:
555:
551:
545:
543:
539:
535:
534:
529:
523:
520:
515:
513:
504:
499:
495:
490:
486:
484:
480:
477:aided by the
476:
472:
471:
466:
463:
462:Gruppenführer
459:
456:Schultz. The
455:
454:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
425:
422:
418:
415:
411:
407:
404:
400:
397:
393:
392:
391:
384:
380:
375:
368:
366:
363:
358:
354:
353:German police
350:
349:
344:
340:
336:
331:
329:
328:Christmas Eve
325:
320:
319:
313:
309:
305:
304:
300:, the German
299:
290:
286:
281:
274:
267:
259:
257:
253:
250:Prior to the
247:
239:
237:
234:
229:
227:
223:
219:
218:
217:Umschlagplatz
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
168:
164:
160:
156:
150:
146:
142:
139:
136:
134:Organizations
132:
128:
126:Incident type
124:
119:November 1942
116:
112:
109:
105:
102:
98:
95:
92:
89:Also known as
86:
81:
68:
60:
53:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
17:
3397:
3321:Höcker Album
3304:Nazi sources
3192:Victim lists
3158:Miles Lerman
2965:Trawniki men
2905:Hotel Polski
2814:Detlef Nebbe
2779:Oswald Kaduk
2774:Karl Jeschke
2652:Bruno Müller
2642:Felix Landau
2627:Ernst Damzog
2622:Karl Brunner
2591:
2567:Franz Konrad
2468:Adolf Theuer
2421:executioners
2400:Franz Stangl
2370:Robert Mulka
2340:Josef Kramer
2290:Karl Frenzel
2260:Richard Baer
2255:Hans Aumeier
2248:Camp command
2234:Otto Wächter
2114:Josef Bühler
2109:Viktor Brack
2095:Perpetrators
1979:
1687:
1529:Main article
1453:
1402:
1359:
1340:
1331:
1318:
1310:
1299:
1290:
1273:
1265:
1257:. Retrieved
1252:
1247:ARC (2005).
1242:
1223:
1218:
1196:. Retrieved
1192:the original
1187:
1174:
1162:. Retrieved
1157:
1147:
1139:
1128:
1084:. Retrieved
1079:
1067:
1030:
1017:
1000:
994:
984:
900:
893:. Retrieved
884:
848:
847:forming the
824:Sonderdienst
819:
812:
808:
805:Trawniki men
800:
792:
777:
716:
704:
699:
689:
681:
660:
623:
616:Zofia Glazer
604:
599:
563:
553:
546:
541:
531:
524:
516:
511:
508:
475:Trawniki men
468:
461:
457:
451:
429:
395:
388:
382:
346:
332:
316:
301:
295:
249:
230:
215:
175:
173:
117:June 1941 –
93:
66:
3441:Gas chamber
3409:Concealment
3400:photographs
3247:Gross-Rosen
3216:Lviv (Lwów)
3178:Roza Robota
3082:Częstochowa
2714:Herta Bothe
2704:Hans Anhalt
2697:Camp guards
2637:Ludwig Hahn
2617:Paul Blobel
2557:Franz Bürkl
2547:Hans Biebow
2506:Fritz Klein
2443:Josef Klehr
2428:Erich Bauer
2419:Gas chamber
2365:Karl Möckel
2350:Maria Mandl
2325:Rudolf Höss
2310:Otto Hantke
2199:Oswald Pohl
2189:Ernst Lerch
2000:Stanisławów
1910:Częstochowa
1800:Bronna Góra
1730:Gross-Rosen
1725:Auschwitz I
1304:(in Polish)
1158:Remembrance
1006:(in Polish)
665:Google Maps
345:annexed to
312:Modlin Army
296:During the
285:Śródmieście
204:Polish Jews
149:Polish Jews
3703:Categories
2764:Irma Grese
2759:Paul Götze
2729:Luise Danz
2478:Physicians
2285:Kurt Franz
2134:Hans Frank
2102:Organizers
2046:Heidelager
1259:1 November
1198:24 October
1164:24 October
1086:30 October
895:24 October
861:References
801:Wachmänner
766:Stok Ruski
643:: 3,500 –
512:(pictured)
419:Camp IV –
401:Camp II –
3618:Memorials
3515:Aftermath
3282:Treblinka
3237:Auschwitz
3092:Treblinka
3077:Białystok
3065:Uprisings
2845:Treblinka
2690:Personnel
2458:Otto Moll
2448:Hans Koch
2300:Amon Göth
2031:Action T4
1995:Sosnowiec
1965:Nowy Sącz
1900:Białystok
1867:Szczuczyn
1815:Erntefest
1805:Bydgoszcz
1790:Białystok
1705:Treblinka
1581:Lithuania
1483:JewishGen
1076:805264789
818:into two
762:Przesmyki
734:Świniarów
612:Zakrzówek
536:prisoner
519:Trawnikis
494:Treblinka
348:Warthegau
343:Pabianice
308:Bug River
186:), was a
162:Memorials
80:Treblinka
3461:Zyklon B
3277:Trawniki
3272:Stutthof
3257:Majdanek
2005:Tarnopol
1945:Lubartów
1857:Jedwabne
1760:Trawniki
1750:Stutthof
1740:Potulice
1683:Majdanek
1601:Slovakia
1368:Archived
1348:Archived
1317:(1992),
1253:Trawniki
1096:cite web
1062:(2009).
908:cite web
730:Olszanka
628:See also
458:Judenrat
383:Zigeuner
357:a ghetto
318:Judenrat
100:Location
3714:Siedlce
3446:Gas van
3262:Sobibór
3199:Ghettos
3106:Leaders
3087:Sobibor
2840:Sobibor
2833:By camp
1980:Siedlce
1887:Ghettos
1872:Tykocin
1844:Pogroms
1830:Palmiry
1755:Szebnie
1700:Sobibor
1678:Chełmno
1606:Ukraine
1591:Romania
1571:Germany
1561:Estonia
1556:Denmark
1551:Croatia
1546:Belgium
1541:Belarus
1266:Source:
1004:,
989:of the
983:at the
746:Kornica
738:Sarnaki
726:Huszlew
498:Siedlce
324:Gestapo
289:Siedlce
240:History
224:aboard
210:of the
192:Siedlce
167:Siedlce
144:Victims
138:Nazi SS
104:Siedlce
67:Siedlce
31:Siedlce
3558:Trials
3533:Bricha
3267:Soldau
3252:Izbica
3242:Bełżec
3221:Warsaw
3206:Kraków
3046:Żegota
2015:Warsaw
1990:Słonim
1985:Sambor
1960:Mizocz
1950:Lublin
1925:Kraków
1920:Kielce
1915:Grodno
1895:Będzin
1877:Wąsosz
1853:(1946)
1851:Kielce
1765:Warsaw
1745:Soldau
1695:Belzec
1596:Russia
1586:Norway
1576:Latvia
1566:France
1230:
1080:Note:
1074:
1001:Gedeon
770:Tarków
768:, and
732:, and
722:Łosice
641:Łosice
600:Young
579:Żegota
550:Israel
483:Łosice
335:Kalisz
326:). On
291:, 1941
200:Warsaw
180:Polish
157:people
121:
3230:Camps
2890:RKFDV
2010:Wilno
1975:Radom
1970:Pińsk
1905:Brest
1810:Dynów
1656:Camps
1255:. ARC
1222:[
845:Hiwis
754:Mordy
750:Łysów
742:Górki
652:Notes
645:Mordy
414:grams
410:Łuków
3673:List
3211:Łódź
3031:Bund
2895:VoMi
2885:WVHA
1940:Łódź
1930:Lwów
1862:Lviv
1261:2015
1228:ISBN
1200:2015
1166:2015
1102:link
1088:2015
1072:OCLC
1008:and
914:link
897:2015
798:Hiwi
796:The
619:(pl)
379:Roma
362:Roma
341:and
339:Łódź
174:The
155:Roma
114:Date
3056:ŻZW
3051:ŻOB
3041:PKB
3026:AOB
1481:at
829:POW
807:" (
674:E30
606:née
287:in
194:in
3705::
3036:GL
3021:AK
2957:/
2953:,
2949:,
2945:,
2941:,
2937:,
2933:/
2929:,
2869:SS
1433:^
1418:^
1379:^
1251:.
1208:^
1186:.
1156:.
1135:,
1110:^
1098:}}
1094:{{
1078:.
1066:.
1039:^
1029:.
1025:.
993:.
979:,
969:^
922:^
910:}}
906:{{
883:.
869:^
821:SS
764:,
760:,
756:,
748:,
744:,
740:,
728:,
707::
556:.
528:SS
182::
106:,
35:SS
3675:)
3671:(
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2961:)
2925:(
2881:)
2877:(
2871:)
2867:(
2082:e
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2068:v
1936:)
1932:(
1642:e
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1628:v
1511:e
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1497:v
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1090:.
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772:.
178:(
151:;
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
