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466:(Bloomsbury Academic, 2007) p.149 ("By the time Charles V lifted the siege, on 2 January 1553, his army had dwindled to a third of its original size.")
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20:
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369:, Charles' army was forced to abandon the siege along with the sick and wounded. Metz remained a French protectorate (
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503:
Between Flesh and Steel: A History of
Military Medicine from the Middle Ages
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510:
Parker, Geoffrey (1976). "The "Military
Revolution," 1560-1660--a Myth?".
357:. Although cannonades destroyed large parts of the fortifications (see
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361:), the Imperial army was unable to take the city. Stricken by
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514:. 48 June (2). The Chicago University Press: 196–214.
373:) until its annexation was formalized in 1648 by the
353:laid siege to the French garrison commanded by
306:lasted from 19 October 1552 to 2 January 1553.
28:
313:came to an end when Protestant princes of the
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8:
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42:
25:
453:(J. M. Dent & sons, Ltd. 1918) p.501
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16:Siege during the Italian War of 1551–59
554:Sieges involving the Holy Roman Empire
475:
432:
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428:
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417:
7:
464:The Valois Kings of France 1328-1589
440:, Paul Even, Metz, 1950 (p.125-129).
14:
351:The Holy Roman Emperor Charles V
144:
132:
112:
99:
60:19 October 1552 - 2 January 1553
19:For the same town's sieges, see
1:
584:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
512:The Journal of Modern History
359:fr:Remparts médiévaux de Metz
501:Gabriel, Richard A. (2013).
48:Map of Metz during the siege
600:
494:L'Espagne de Charles Quint
438:Histoire illustrée de Metz
18:
451:A Short History of France
232:
176:
156:
125:
92:
52:
41:
33:
579:Italian War of 1551–1559
224:Italian War of 1551–1559
492:Chaunu, Pierre (2000).
355:Francis, Duke of Guise
304:Italian War of 1551–59
151:Francis, Duke of Guise
126:Commanders and leaders
505:. Potomac Publishers.
371:fr:République messine
177:Casualties and losses
139:Charles V of Habsburg
375:Treaty of Westphalia
315:Schmalkaldic League
36:Habsburg-Valois War
478:, p. 707-760.
323:Treaty of Chambord
321:and concluded the
319:Henry II of France
574:Conflicts in 1553
569:Conflicts in 1552
365:, dysentery, and
347:Kingdom of France
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549:Sieges of Metz
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520:10.1086/241429
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496:. Eds. Fayard.
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449:Victor Duruy,
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84:French victory
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164:20,000-60,000
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403:Gabriel 2013
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93:Belligerents
34:Part of the
476:Chaunu 2000
436:René Bour,
418:Parker 1976
327:free cities
317:approached
302:during the
272:St. Quentin
543:Categories
486:References
381:References
345:') to the
287:Gravelines
282:Thionville
528:143661971
242:Mirandola
262:Marciano
167:150 guns
157:Strength
65:Location
257:Corsica
237:Tripoli
185:Unknown
526:
367:scurvy
363:typhus
341:(the '
337:, and
335:Verdun
277:Calais
117:
104:
81:Result
74:France
524:S2CID
267:Renty
252:Ponza
172:6,000
339:Metz
331:Toul
298:The
247:Metz
70:Metz
57:Date
516:doi
329:of
545::
522:.
425:^
410:^
389:^
377:.
349:.
333:,
72:,
530:.
518::
214:e
207:t
200:v
23:.
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