36:
442:
425:
398:
381:
354:
337:
310:
293:
266:
249:
530:
102:
504:) appears beneath his seal generally to the right on the higher denomination notes. Initially all notes were hand-signed by Gordon. As the issuance grew, notes with a hectographic signature were issued; however, merchants were reluctant to accept the printed signature variety, so Gordon returned to signing each note. On the reverse of most notes is a stamp of an Italian lawyer (Tito Figari) based in Cairo.
513:
500, 1000, 2000, 2500 and 5000 piastres. Also bearing the same issue date is the £E50 note (approximately 12 pieces known). A third type issued on 25 April 1884 is a £20 stg note (extremely rare), with text in French, and signed "Gordon Pasha". Finally, on 1 August 1884, a second issue of the 100 piastre note (extremely rare) was printed. Outside of the
512:
Under the
British Administration of Sudan there were four types of paper currency issued during the siege of Khartoum (the first two of which are illustrated in the table). Bearing a date of 25 April 1884, the first Sudan piaster issue was printed, in the following denominations: 1, 5, 10, 20, 100,
517:
for specialized issues, images of the last two types could not be found. The known population of remaining siege of
Khartoum notes varies by denomination from the first type 100 piastre note (roughly 1,250 known) to the £E50 note (roughly 12 known). Presumably there are fewer still of the one
632:
The one-piastre note (not illustrated in the present set) is by far the rarest of all the denominations, and is not even illustrated in some key reference texts. Further, it is valued at roughly 50% more than another note (£E50) of which an estimated 12 pieces are
479:
in nature, and were personally guaranteed, with the backing of the
Egyptian government. Accepted by both merchants and soldiers, the notes initially provided economic relief and trade stimulus, but had begun to depreciate by July.
44:
623:
Though not based on any referenced information regarding the reverse stamp itself, it suggests the notes were either initially printed or ultimately redeemed/canceled in Cairo.
567:
492:, with different shapes (just above center and beneath the upper rectangle) representing the various denominations. The seal of the Governor-General appears in both
195:. In a series of telegrams in early March, 1884, Gordon informed the British government that the Mahdi were closing the roads, cutting off supplies and severing
71:
146:(1872–1876), and then Governor-general of the Sudan (1877–1880). Gordon was re-appointed to the post of Governor-general in January 1884 and arrived at
223:. I consider myself free to act according to circumstances. I shall hold on here as long as I can, and if I can suppress the rebellion I shall do so.
988:
935:
584:
514:
211:(13 March 1884 – 26 January 1885) began. Reinforcements were denied, prompting Gordon to send a telegram (on about 8 April 1884) stating
1147:
1102:
1081:
563:
441:
1034:
956:
75:
52:
467:
in notes, payable six months from issue. By the end of July, estimates between £26,000 and £50,000 had been issued. Neither
424:
397:
380:
353:
1137:
336:
309:
292:
265:
35:
1132:
248:
215:
As far as I can understand, the situation is this: you state your intention of not sending any relief up here or to
1157:
1060:
1142:
220:
121:
109:
78:
55:
1152:
468:
488:
The siege notes are printed on card stock using a lithographic process. The text of the notes is in
101:
1051:
608:
2,500 – plain half-moon going up with a smaller semicircular line coming down through it at center
998:
535:
180:
93:
50 note), the first issue notes were dated 25 April 1884 and produced as late as
November 1884.
1098:
1077:
1071:
1030:
984:
952:
931:
159:
139:
82:
1092:
493:
192:
188:
184:
17:
489:
476:
127:
1045:
1113:
1062:
Gordon's Ghosts: British Major-General
Charles George Gordon and His Legacies, 1885–1960
1002:
464:
176:
164:
90:
1126:
500:
on the higher denominations to the left and Gordon’s signature (either manuscript or
216:
1094:
Coins & Currency of the Middle East: A Descriptive Guide to Pocket
Collectibles
135:
1024:
1013:
978:
967:
946:
925:
817:
815:
969:
Conquering the Dark
Continent: England's Battles with the Boers in the Transvaal
571:
543:
172:
131:
525:
501:
472:
196:
143:
208:
200:
147:
199:
communications. As the fighting drew closer to the city walls, and the
86:
67:
48:
1070:
Littauer, Florence; Littauer, Marita; Littauer Briggs, Lauren (2006).
497:
948:
204:
168:
100:
546:— Siege money has been issued by other governors in other sieges
821:
604:
1,000 – more evenly oval design of circles and lines at center
150:
on 18 February 1884, less than one month prior to the siege.
596:
10 – oval design consisting of circles and angles at center
649:
647:
645:
643:
518:
piastre, second type 100 piastre, and £20 stg notes.
1004:
The
Journals of Major-Gen. C.G. Gordon, C.B., at Kartoum
980:
Standard
Catalog of World Paper Money Specialized Issues
904:
902:
600:
100 – longer oval design of wavy line and dots at center
706:
704:
231:
679:
677:
664:
662:
562:From a 30 July 1884 letter written from Gordon to
51:promissory note issued and hand-signed by British
606:2,000 – rectangle with sawteeth design at center
1118:. Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington.
1115:Letters from Khartoum: Written During the Siege
1091:Michael, Tom; Cuhaj, George S., eds. (2006).
822:Littauer, Littauer & Littauer Briggs 2006
138:, playing a significant role in stopping the
8:
695:
927:Encyclopedia of Sudan Banknotes 1856 – 2012
598:20 – half-moon design going down at center
142:(1863–1864). He was appointed Governor of
126:Gordon began his military career with the
1029:(2 ed.). Frank Cass & Co. LTD.
869:
945:Bosworth, Clifford Edmund, ed. (1989).
639:
594:5 – half-moon design going up at center
555:
27:Emergency money issued in 1884 in Sudan
1065:(Ph.D.). The Florida State University.
1026:A Biographical Dictionary of the Sudan
806:
612:50 pounds – diamond design at center.
463:On 26 April 1884, Gordon issued £2,500
908:
833:
710:
653:
585:Standard Catalog of World Paper Money
515:Standard Catalog of World Paper Money
7:
857:
845:
794:
782:
770:
758:
746:
734:
722:
683:
668:
602:500 – circle with sawteeth at center
58:during the Siege of Khartoum (1884)
1097:. Krause Publications. p. 98.
893:
881:
587:for specialized issues as follows (
25:
610:5,000 – diamond design at center
583:The shapes are described in the
528:
475:money, Gordon’s notes were more
440:
423:
396:
379:
352:
335:
308:
291:
264:
247:
34:
1007:. Kegan Paul, Trench, & Co.
237:Siege of Khartoum notes (1884)
1015:Gordon in China and the Soudan
977:Cuhaj, George S., ed. (2009).
972:. Official Publishing Company.
171:, engaged in the 18-year long
1:
1076:. Life Journey. p. 111.
1073:Making the Blue Plate Special
1059:Laffer, Stephanie D. (2010).
1018:. John MacQueen. p. 310.
72:governor-general of the Sudan
966:Buel, James William (1899).
165:Muhammad Ahmad bin Abd Allah
18:Siege of Khartoum (currency)
951:. E.J. Brill. p. 798.
1174:
157:
119:
64:Siege of Khartoum currency
1023:Hill, Richard L. (1967).
236:
228:Gordon-issued siege notes
130:(1852) and fought in the
1148:1884 in economic history
1050:. Walter Scott. p.
1012:Hake, A. Egmont (1896).
696:Michael & Cuhaj 2006
175:(1881–1899) against the
983:(11 ed.). Krause.
105:Charles George Gordon,
1047:Life of General Gordon
614:
225:
112:
1112:Power, Frank (1885).
592:
213:
122:Charles George Gordon
116:Charles George Gordon
104:
79:Charles George Gordon
68:emergency paper money
924:Ali, Bushra (2013).
219:, and you refuse me
1138:History of Khartoum
656:, pp. 1069–70.
457:50 Egyptian pounds
233:
1133:Banknotes of Sudan
1044:Hope, Eva (1886).
737:, pp. 138–39.
536:Numismatics portal
232:
181:Khedivate of Egypt
167:, self-proclaimed
113:
990:978-1-4402-0450-0
937:978-1-300-92058-8
461:
460:
160:Siege of Khartoum
154:Siege of Khartoum
140:Taiping Rebellion
85:. Denominated in
83:Siege of Khartoum
16:(Redirected from
1165:
1119:
1108:
1087:
1066:
1055:
1040:
1019:
1008:
994:
973:
962:
941:
912:
906:
897:
891:
885:
879:
873:
867:
861:
855:
849:
843:
837:
831:
825:
819:
810:
804:
798:
792:
786:
780:
774:
768:
762:
756:
750:
744:
738:
732:
726:
720:
714:
708:
699:
693:
687:
681:
672:
666:
657:
651:
634:
630:
624:
621:
615:
581:
575:
560:
538:
533:
532:
531:
444:
427:
400:
383:
356:
339:
312:
295:
268:
251:
234:
193:Kingdom of Italy
189:Congo Free State
185:Ethiopian Empire
110:"Chinese" Gordon
70:, was issued by
38:
21:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1162:
1158:Emergency money
1123:
1122:
1111:
1105:
1090:
1084:
1069:
1058:
1043:
1037:
1022:
1011:
999:Hake, A. Egmont
997:
991:
976:
965:
959:
944:
938:
923:
920:
915:
911:, p. 1070.
907:
900:
892:
888:
880:
876:
868:
864:
856:
852:
844:
840:
832:
828:
820:
813:
805:
801:
793:
789:
781:
777:
773:, p. lvii.
769:
765:
757:
753:
745:
741:
733:
729:
721:
717:
709:
702:
694:
690:
682:
675:
667:
660:
652:
641:
637:
631:
627:
622:
618:
611:
609:
607:
605:
603:
601:
599:
597:
595:
582:
578:
566:(first British
561:
557:
553:
534:
529:
527:
524:
510:
486:
454:5,000 piastres
449:
448:
447:
446:
445:
432:
431:
430:
429:
428:
413:2,500 piastres
410:2,000 piastres
405:
404:
403:
402:
401:
388:
387:
386:
385:
384:
369:1,000 piastres
361:
360:
359:
358:
357:
344:
343:
342:
341:
340:
317:
316:
315:
314:
313:
300:
299:
298:
297:
296:
273:
272:
271:
270:
269:
256:
255:
254:
253:
252:
230:
207:of the city of
203:tightened, the
162:
156:
128:Royal Engineers
124:
118:
99:
61:
60:
59:
46:
41:
40:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1171:
1169:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1109:
1103:
1088:
1082:
1067:
1056:
1041:
1035:
1020:
1009:
995:
989:
974:
963:
957:
942:
936:
919:
916:
914:
913:
898:
896:, p. 348.
886:
884:, p. 353.
874:
872:, p. 798.
862:
860:, p. 255.
850:
848:, p. 254.
838:
836:, p. 105.
826:
824:, p. 111.
811:
799:
797:, p. 304.
787:
785:, p. 301.
775:
763:
751:
749:, p. 139.
739:
727:
725:, p. 138.
715:
713:, p. 107.
700:
688:
686:, p. 324.
673:
671:, p. 310.
658:
638:
636:
635:
625:
616:
576:
570:of Egypt) and
568:Consul-General
554:
552:
549:
548:
547:
540:
539:
523:
520:
509:
506:
485:
482:
469:representative
459:
458:
455:
451:
450:
439:
438:
437:
436:
435:
433:
422:
421:
420:
419:
418:
415:
414:
411:
407:
406:
395:
394:
393:
392:
391:
389:
378:
377:
376:
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371:
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367:
363:
362:
351:
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349:
348:
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331:
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327:
326:
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307:
306:
305:
304:
303:
301:
290:
289:
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279:
275:
274:
263:
262:
261:
260:
259:
257:
246:
245:
244:
243:
242:
239:
238:
229:
226:
177:British Empire
158:Main article:
155:
152:
120:Main article:
117:
114:
98:
95:
43:
42:
33:
32:
31:
30:
29:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1170:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1143:1884 in Sudan
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1117:
1116:
1110:
1106:
1104:0-89689-229-8
1100:
1096:
1095:
1089:
1085:
1083:0-7814-4298-2
1079:
1075:
1074:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1042:
1038:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1010:
1006:
1005:
1000:
996:
992:
986:
982:
981:
975:
971:
970:
964:
960:
954:
950:
949:
943:
939:
933:
929:
928:
922:
921:
917:
910:
905:
903:
899:
895:
890:
887:
883:
878:
875:
871:
870:Bosworth 1989
866:
863:
859:
854:
851:
847:
842:
839:
835:
830:
827:
823:
818:
816:
812:
809:, p. 33.
808:
803:
800:
796:
791:
788:
784:
779:
776:
772:
767:
764:
761:, p. lv.
760:
755:
752:
748:
743:
740:
736:
731:
728:
724:
719:
716:
712:
707:
705:
701:
698:, p. 98.
697:
692:
689:
685:
680:
678:
674:
670:
665:
663:
659:
655:
650:
648:
646:
644:
640:
629:
626:
620:
617:
613:
590:
586:
580:
577:
573:
569:
565:
564:Evelyn Baring
559:
556:
550:
545:
542:
541:
537:
526:
521:
519:
516:
507:
505:
503:
499:
495:
491:
483:
481:
478:
474:
470:
466:
456:
453:
452:
443:
434:
426:
417:
416:
412:
409:
408:
399:
390:
382:
373:
372:
368:
366:500 piastres
365:
364:
355:
346:
338:
329:
328:
325:100 piastres
324:
321:
320:
311:
302:
294:
285:
284:
280:
277:
276:
267:
258:
250:
241:
240:
235:
227:
224:
222:
218:
212:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
161:
153:
151:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
123:
115:
111:
108:
103:
96:
94:
92:
88:
84:
80:
77:
76:Major-General
73:
69:
65:
57:
54:
53:Major-General
50:
45:
37:
19:
1114:
1093:
1072:
1061:
1046:
1025:
1014:
1003:
979:
968:
947:
926:
889:
877:
865:
853:
841:
829:
802:
790:
778:
766:
754:
742:
730:
718:
691:
628:
619:
593:
588:
579:
558:
511:
502:hectographic
487:
462:
322:20 piastres
281:10 piastres
214:
163:
125:
106:
63:
62:
1153:Mahdist War
807:Laffer 2010
572:Nubar Pasha
544:Siege money
278:5 piastres
173:Mahdist War
132:Crimean War
81:during the
1127:Categories
1036:0714610372
958:9004092390
918:References
909:Cuhaj 2009
834:Power 1885
711:Power 1885
654:Cuhaj 2009
477:promissory
191:, and the
97:Background
74:, British
858:Buel 1899
846:Buel 1899
795:Hake 1896
783:Hake 1896
771:Hake 1885
759:Hake 1885
747:Hill 1967
735:Hill 1967
723:Hill 1967
684:Hope 1886
669:Hake 1896
551:Footnotes
465: stg
197:telegraph
144:Equatoria
107:nicknamed
1001:(1885).
894:Ali 2013
882:Ali 2013
589:verbatim
522:See also
508:Issuance
209:Khartoum
201:blockade
148:Khartoum
494:English
183:), the
134:and in
89:(and a
87:piastre
49:piastre
1101:
1080:
1033:
987:
955:
934:
633:known.
498:Arabic
490:Arabic
484:Design
221:Zebehr
217:Berber
187:, the
56:Gordon
205:siege
169:Mahdi
136:China
66:, an
1099:ISBN
1078:ISBN
1031:ISBN
985:ISBN
953:ISBN
932:ISBN
496:and
473:fiat
471:nor
1052:324
591:):
47:20
1129::
930:.
901:^
814:^
703:^
676:^
661:^
642:^
91:£E
1107:.
1086:.
1054:.
1039:.
993:.
961:.
940:.
574:.
179:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
