181:
within the boundaries of the newly established Polish state. In the course of the 12th century the remaining tribal differences within regions were almost entirely gone. The names of the smaller tribes disappear from the annals of history as well as the names of some prominent tribes (Vistulans,
644:
159:
were the most important Polish tribes. These five tribes "shared fundamentally common culture and language and were considerably more closely related to one another than were the
Germanic tribes."
177:
in the 10th and 11th centuries. The main factors of these process were the establishment of a single monarchy that ruled over all Polish tribes as well as creation of a separate
637:
815:
630:
708:
449:
170:. This process is called ethnic consolidation in which several ethnic communities of kindred origin and cognate languages, merge into a single one.
1726:
614:
594:
45:
531:
516:
493:
474:
418:
371:
341:
390:
382:
174:
422:
481:
496:
182:
Polans). However, in some places, names of the most important tribes transform into names of the whole regions (Mazovians for
653:
574:
570:
554:
550:
534:
202:), however the tribal era was already over and these divisions reflected only political subdivisions of the Polish realm.
477:
317:
143:
who repopulated these abandoned areas and created their own tribal organizations. The
Silesian tribes, together with the
1875:
1649:
1540:
519:
1870:
348:
156:
774:
406:
1865:
309:
191:
178:
1834:
1465:
121:
53:
1312:
565:
Regina E. Holloman, Serghei A. Arutiunov, Perspectives on
Ethnicity, Walter de Gruyter 1978, p. 391,
545:
Regina E. Holloman, Serghei A. Arutiunov, Perspectives on
Ethnicity, Walter de Gruyter 1978, p. 391,
302:
The
Dynamics of the Policies of Ethnic Cleansing in Silesia in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
1619:
972:
113:
622:
374:
251:
1666:
810:
1547:
1535:
1506:
1460:
1365:
1130:
1118:
246:
1341:
1300:
1147:
1013:
927:
895:
769:
703:
211:
1644:
1577:
1494:
1484:
1413:
1377:
1353:
1283:
1265:
1055:
951:
939:
610:
590:
566:
546:
527:
512:
489:
470:
414:
367:
256:
127:
However, during the migration period, those peoples had moved west and vacated territories in
1472:
1431:
1329:
1198:
1186:
1159:
1086:
1736:
1528:
1448:
1238:
912:
759:
338:
144:
77:
1523:
1741:
293:
61:
21:
360:
305:
1317:
1065:
836:
453:
167:
128:
101:
89:
41:
162:
Eventually the
Silesian tribes, together with other Polish tribes, formed what is now
1859:
1806:
1801:
1394:
873:
199:
195:
140:
57:
37:
1730:
1674:
1421:
1398:
1142:
1030:
841:
720:
673:
410:
163:
194:
some of those regions were again divided into smaller entities (e.g. Silesia into
1511:
1499:
1796:
1699:
1634:
1603:
1108:
1091:
995:
764:
1477:
1123:
1761:
1709:
1694:
1346:
1334:
1295:
1103:
1098:
1035:
980:
917:
864:
747:
661:
434:
321:
217:
56:
at the beginning of the 11th century. They are usually treated as part of the
29:
932:
900:
509:
Polish Folk Music: Slavonic
Heritage – Polish Tradition – Contemporary Trends
1776:
1771:
1766:
1756:
1689:
1624:
1559:
1250:
1223:
1215:
1040:
1025:
990:
922:
907:
846:
805:
754:
683:
678:
467:
National
Survival in Dependent Societies: Social Change in Canada and Poland
241:
235:
223:
152:
148:
49:
1582:
1370:
1305:
1243:
1203:
1164:
1152:
1135:
1018:
944:
1358:
1791:
1684:
1679:
1629:
1552:
1489:
1436:
1191:
1171:
985:
956:
890:
828:
800:
715:
698:
688:
109:
124:
in what later became
Silesia and Burgundiones and Lygii at the Vistula.
1841:
1745:
1704:
1639:
1589:
1569:
1518:
1443:
1389:
1324:
1288:
1260:
1228:
1176:
1050:
1045:
885:
742:
730:
268:
229:
187:
183:
136:
97:
93:
65:
33:
1781:
1751:
1662:
1453:
1426:
1382:
1233:
1181:
1113:
1078:
1074:
693:
173:
The tribal differences started to disappear after the unification of
117:
81:
36:
in the Early Middle Ages. The territory they lived on became part of
1786:
1275:
1255:
105:
85:
822:
132:
626:
1830:(ethnicity is undefined): = supposedly Eastern Slavic tribes
488:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1962, V. II, p. 744,
64:. Two tribes among them are sometimes considered as Czech (
84:- Silesia - was inhabited by various peoples. It included
1846:= generally considered synonym for early medieval Slovaks
1840:= some of the Silesian tribes are Germanic, for example
522:
same conclusions in Mark Salter, Jonathan
Bousfield,
1660:
1611:
1602:
1568:
1412:
1274:
1214:
1073:
1064:
1004:
971:
872:
863:
789:
729:
660:
28:) is a term used to refer to tribes, or groups of
654:Early Slavic ethnic groups (7th–12th centuries)
300:" – Wrocławskie Towarzystwo Naukowe; PWN 2003; "
366:, Cambridge University Press, 1999, p. 521-522
638:
469:, McGill-Queen's Press – MQUP, 1990, p. 106,
8:
450:A System of Ancient and Mediaeval Geography
318:"Historia Śląska - Wydawnictwo Śląskie ABC"
1719:
1608:
1070:
878:
869:
793:
735:
666:
645:
631:
623:
511:, Cambridge University Press, 2006, p. 3,
381:, G. Allen & Unwin ltd. 1945, p. 13
281:
486:The Shorter Cambridge Medieval History
385:; Paul Wagret, Helga S. B. Harrison,
7:
220:(Dziadoszanie), Bavarian Geographer
214:(Bieżuńczanie), Bavarian Geographer
364:The New Cambridge Medieval History
14:
507:John Blacking, Anna Czekanowska,
439:" – Montes Tarnovicensis, 05/2008
345:Fale Migracyjne w historii Śląska
290:Borderlands of Language in Europe
32:that lived in the territories of
226:(Golęszyce), Bavarian Geographer
605:S. Rosik W. Wrzesiński (red.)
585:S. Rosik W. Wrzesiński (red.)
238:(Ślężanie), Bavarian Geographer
232:(Opolanie), Bavarian Geographer
526:, Rough Guides, 2002, p. 675,
1:
482:Charles William Previté-Orton
60:and sometimes as part of the
379:The Problem of Upper Silesia
335:Śląsk w czasach słowiańskich
315:" – Wydawnictwo Śląskie ABC
80:the territory of south west
271:, Germanic tribe of Silesia
179:ecclesiastical organization
1892:
609:, Wrocław 2006, p. 53-54,
52:and then expanded by king
40:in 875 (now mostly in the
1823:
1722:
1718:
881:
796:
738:
669:
131:. Lands in the basins of
44:) and later, in 990, the
296:, Sifton, Praed, 1936; "
607:Historia Dolnego Śląska
589:, Wrocław 2006, p. 49,
587:Historia Dolnego Śląska
403:Coming Home to Germany?
389:, Nagel, 1964, p. 231.
206:List of Silesian tribes
192:fragmentation of Poland
190:). As a result of the
100:in his description of
76:Before and during the
25:
349:Ruch Autonomii Śląska
337:" na podstawie prac
1876:West Slavic history
1620:Seven Slavic tribes
139:were then taken by
92:- among them - the
88:and probably some
1871:History of Silesia
1625:Southern Severians
377:; Robert Machray,
46:first Polish state
1853:
1852:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1746:Pannonian Dulebes
1598:
1597:
1408:
1407:
967:
966:
859:
858:
855:
854:
785:
784:
674:Carpathian Croats
615:978-83-229-2763-2
595:978-83-229-2763-2
1883:
1737:Asia Minor Slavs
1720:
1653:
1612:Bulgarian tribes
1609:
1586:
1556:
1544:
1532:
1515:
1503:
1481:
1469:
1457:
1444:Bohemian Dulebes
1440:
1386:
1374:
1362:
1350:
1338:
1321:
1309:
1292:
1247:
1207:
1195:
1168:
1156:
1139:
1127:
1095:
1071:
1022:
960:
948:
936:
904:
879:
870:
819:
794:
778:
736:
712:
667:
647:
640:
633:
624:
617:
603:
597:
583:
577:
573:, 9783110807707
563:
557:
553:, 9783110807707
543:
537:
505:
499:
465:Raymond Breton,
463:
457:
447:
441:
432:
426:
399:
393:
361:Jerzy Strzelczyk
358:
352:
332:
330:
329:
320:. Archived from
306:Tomasz Kamusella
298:Annales Silesiae
286:
186:, Silesians for
164:Polish ethnicity
78:migration period
48:created by duke
26:plemiona śląskie
1891:
1890:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1866:Silesian tribes
1856:
1855:
1854:
1849:
1811:
1742:Pannonian Slavs
1714:
1656:
1647:
1594:
1580:
1564:
1550:
1538:
1526:
1509:
1497:
1475:
1463:
1451:
1434:
1422:Bohemian Croats
1404:
1380:
1368:
1356:
1344:
1332:
1315:
1303:
1286:
1270:
1241:
1210:
1201:
1189:
1162:
1150:
1133:
1121:
1089:
1066:Polabian tribes
1060:
1031:Silesian Croats
1016:
1006:Silesian tribes
1000:
963:
954:
942:
930:
898:
851:
813:
790:Northern tribes
781:
772:
725:
706:
656:
651:
621:
620:
604:
600:
584:
580:
564:
560:
544:
540:
506:
502:
464:
460:
448:
444:
433:
429:
400:
396:
359:
355:
339:Marka Szołtyska
327:
325:
316:
313:Historia Śląska
294:Vaughan Cornish
287:
283:
278:
265:
208:
90:Germanic tribes
74:
62:Germanic tribes
18:Silesian tribes
12:
11:
5:
1889:
1887:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1858:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1847:
1844:
1838:
1831:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1739:
1734:
1723:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1669:
1658:
1657:
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1654:
1642:
1637:
1632:
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1622:
1615:
1613:
1606:
1600:
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1596:
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1592:
1587:
1574:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1545:
1533:
1521:
1516:
1504:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1470:
1458:
1446:
1441:
1429:
1424:
1418:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1392:
1387:
1375:
1363:
1351:
1339:
1327:
1322:
1310:
1298:
1293:
1280:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1220:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1208:
1196:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1157:
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1140:
1128:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1083:
1081:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1010:
1008:
1002:
1001:
999:
998:
993:
988:
983:
977:
975:
969:
968:
965:
964:
962:
961:
949:
937:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
893:
888:
882:
876:
867:
861:
860:
857:
856:
853:
852:
850:
849:
844:
839:
834:
833:
832:
826:
820:
808:
797:
791:
787:
786:
783:
782:
780:
779:
767:
762:
757:
752:
751:
750:
739:
733:
727:
726:
724:
723:
718:
713:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
670:
664:
658:
657:
652:
650:
649:
642:
635:
627:
619:
618:
598:
578:
558:
538:
500:
458:
454:Magna Germania
442:
427:
394:
353:
280:
279:
277:
274:
273:
272:
264:
261:
260:
259:
254:
249:
244:
239:
233:
227:
221:
215:
207:
204:
129:Central Europe
102:Magna Germania
73:
70:
42:Czech Republic
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1888:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1845:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1833:= supposedly
1832:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1822:
1808:
1807:Praedenecenti
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1664:
1659:
1651:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:Union of the
1617:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1591:
1588:
1584:
1579:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1570:Slovak tribes
1567:
1561:
1558:
1554:
1549:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1479:
1474:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1384:
1379:
1376:
1372:
1367:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1343:
1340:
1336:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1205:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1093:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1003:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
978:
976:
974:
970:
958:
953:
950:
946:
941:
938:
934:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
902:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
883:
880:
877:
875:
874:Polish tribes
871:
868:
866:
862:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
830:
827:
824:
821:
817:
812:
809:
807:
804:
803:
802:
799:
798:
795:
792:
788:
776:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
749:
746:
745:
744:
741:
740:
737:
734:
732:
728:
722:
719:
717:
714:
710:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
671:
668:
665:
663:
659:
655:
648:
643:
641:
636:
634:
629:
628:
625:
616:
612:
608:
602:
599:
596:
592:
588:
582:
579:
576:
572:
568:
562:
559:
556:
552:
548:
542:
539:
536:
533:
532:1-85828-849-5
529:
525:
521:
518:
517:0-521-02797-7
514:
510:
504:
501:
498:
495:
494:0-521-09976-5
491:
487:
483:
479:
476:
475:0-88629-127-5
472:
468:
462:
459:
455:
451:
446:
443:
440:
438:
431:
428:
424:
420:
419:1-57181-729-8
416:
412:
408:
404:
398:
395:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
373:
372:0-521-36447-7
369:
365:
362:
357:
354:
350:
346:
342:
340:
336:
324:on 2007-09-28
323:
319:
314:
310:
307:
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299:
295:
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266:
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245:
243:
240:
237:
234:
231:
228:
225:
222:
219:
216:
213:
210:
209:
205:
203:
201:
200:Upper Silesia
197:
196:Lower Silesia
193:
189:
185:
180:
176:
171:
169:
165:
160:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
141:Polish tribes
138:
134:
130:
125:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
71:
69:
67:
63:
59:
58:Polish tribes
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
38:Great Moravia
35:
31:
27:
23:
19:
1827:
1782:Diokletlians
1731:Carantanians
1727:Alpine Slavs
1675:Drougoubitai
1414:Czech tribes
1005:
721:Bolokhovians
606:
601:
586:
581:
575:Google Books
561:
555:Google Books
541:
535:Google Books
523:
520:Google Books
508:
503:
497:Google Books
485:
478:Google Books
466:
461:
445:
437:Czeski Śląsk
436:
430:
423:Google Books
411:Stefan Wolff
402:
397:
391:Google Books
386:
383:Google Books
378:
375:Google Books
363:
356:
344:
334:
326:. Retrieved
322:the original
312:
301:
297:
289:
284:
252:Trzebowianie
172:
161:
126:
75:
17:
15:
1835:Finno-Ugric
1802:Branichevci
1767:Zachlumians
1700:Belegezites
1648: [
1635:Strymonites
1604:South Slavs
1581: [
1551: [
1539: [
1527: [
1510: [
1498: [
1476: [
1464: [
1452: [
1435: [
1399:White Serbs
1381: [
1369: [
1357: [
1345: [
1333: [
1316: [
1304: [
1287: [
1242: [
1202: [
1190: [
1163: [
1151: [
1134: [
1122: [
1109:Tollensians
1090: [
1017: [
996:Slovincians
973:Pomeranians
955: [
943: [
931: [
899: [
814: [
773: [
765:Dregoviches
707: [
157:Pomeranians
1860:Categories
1772:Travunians
1762:Narentines
1710:Rhynchinoi
1695:Baiounitai
1548:Lupiglians
1536:Domazhlici
1507:Sedlichans
1461:Litomerici
1366:Neletiches
1296:Glomatians
1131:Neletyches
1119:Morzyczans
1104:Kessinians
1099:Circipania
1036:Dadosesani
981:Kashubians
918:Sieradzans
865:West Slavs
748:Volhynians
662:East Slavs
571:311080770X
551:311080770X
407:David Rock
328:2009-02-22
276:References
247:Lubuszanie
218:Dadosesani
68:) tribes.
54:Boleslaw I
30:West Slavs
1797:Timochans
1777:Kanalites
1757:Guduscani
1690:Sagudates
1667:Macedonia
1560:Znetalici
1485:Moravians
1342:Zhirmunts
1313:Lusatians
1301:Koledices
1276:Lusatians
1266:Polabians
1251:Smeldingi
1224:Bethenici
1216:Obotrites
1148:Redariers
1056:Silesians
1041:Golensizi
1014:Bezunzans
991:Wolinians
928:Kujawians
923:Vistulans
908:Masovians
896:Lubuszans
806:Polochans
770:Narevyans
755:Drevlians
704:Don Slavs
684:Severians
679:Radimichs
242:Bobrzanie
236:Sleenzane
224:Golenzizi
212:Besunzane
153:Vistulans
149:Masovians
104:mentions
50:Mieszko I
1792:Moravens
1685:Melingoi
1680:Ezeritai
1645:Milcovci
1630:Smolyani
1578:Nitrians
1495:Pshovans
1490:Merehani
1378:Nizhices
1354:Zhitices
1284:Khutices
1172:Sprevane
1026:Bobrzans
986:Prissani
952:Thafnezi
940:Wiercans
891:Lendians
837:Slovenes
829:Smolensk
801:Krivichs
716:Zeriuani
699:Vyatichi
689:Tivertsi
413:; 2002,
263:See also
257:Lupiglaa
110:Marsigni
66:Moravian
1842:Silings
1705:Berziti
1640:Moratsi
1590:Slovaks
1519:Zlicans
1473:Luchans
1432:Dechans
1390:Nishans
1330:Suslowi
1325:Milceni
1261:Warnabi
1229:Drevani
1199:Zemcici
1187:Zamcici
1177:Hevelli
1160:Rechans
1087:Brizans
1051:Selpoli
1046:Opolans
886:Goplans
811:Pskov's
760:Polans
743:Buzhans
731:Dulebes
421:p. 200
269:Silings
230:Opolini
188:Silesia
184:Mazovia
168:culture
137:Vistula
98:Tacitus
94:Silingi
72:History
34:Silesia
1837:tribes
1752:Croats
1663:Greece
1449:Lemuzi
1427:Czechs
1239:Reregs
1234:Linons
1182:Ukrani
1143:Rujani
1114:Doxani
1079:Lutici
1075:Veleti
913:Polans
847:Muroma
694:Ulichs
613:
593:
569:
549:
530:
524:Poland
515:
492:
473:
417:
387:Poland
370:
351:, 2003
175:Poland
145:Polans
118:Gotini
82:Poland
22:Polish
1828:Notes
1787:Serbs
1652:]
1585:]
1555:]
1543:]
1531:]
1524:Hbans
1514:]
1502:]
1480:]
1468:]
1456:]
1439:]
1395:Sorbs
1385:]
1373:]
1361:]
1349:]
1337:]
1320:]
1308:]
1291:]
1256:Wagri
1246:]
1206:]
1194:]
1167:]
1155:]
1138:]
1126:]
1094:]
1021:]
959:]
947:]
935:]
903:]
842:Merya
818:]
777:]
711:]
456:P 216
308:1999
106:Suevi
86:Celts
1665:and
1077:and
823:Tver
611:ISBN
591:ISBN
567:ISBN
547:ISBN
528:ISBN
513:ISBN
490:ISBN
471:ISBN
415:ISBN
405:" –
368:ISBN
347:" –
304:" –
292:" –
198:and
166:and
155:and
135:and
133:Oder
122:Buri
16:The
1661:in
343:; "
333:; "
311:; "
114:Osi
1862::
1650:ru
1583:pl
1553:pl
1541:ru
1529:uk
1512:pl
1500:cs
1478:cs
1466:pl
1454:cs
1437:pl
1383:pl
1371:pl
1359:pl
1347:pl
1335:pl
1318:pl
1306:pl
1289:pl
1244:pl
1204:pl
1192:pl
1165:pl
1153:pl
1136:pl
1124:pl
1092:pl
1019:de
957:pl
945:pl
933:pl
901:pl
831:'s
825:'s
816:ru
775:ru
709:ru
484:,
480:;
452:,
409:,
151:,
147:,
120:,
116:,
112:,
108::
96:.
24::
1748:)
1744:(
1733:)
1729:(
1401:)
1397:(
646:e
639:t
632:v
435:"
425:)
401:"
331:.
288:"
20:(
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