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Sedimentation

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1561: 47: 1322: 1433: 1162: 1539:, and it is a major source of pollution in waterways in some parts of the world. High sedimentation rates can be a result of poor land management and a high frequency of flooding events. If not managed properly, it can be detrimental to fragile ecosystems on the receiving end, such as coral reefs. 1460:
of the sediments. However, the term is more particularly applied to the deposition of sediments, and in the strictest sense, it applies only to the mechanical deposition of sediment particles from an initial suspension in air or water. Sedimentation results in the formation of depositional
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Type 3 sedimentation is also known as zone sedimentation. In this process the particles are at a high concentration (greater than 1000 mg/L) such that the particles tend to settle as a mass and a distinct clear zone and sludge zone are present. Zone settling occurs in lime-softening,
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Type 1 sedimentation is characterized by particles that settle discretely at a constant settling velocity, or by the deposition of Iron-Rich minerals to streamlines down to the point source. They settle as individual particles and do not
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Type 2 sedimentation is characterized by particles that flocculate during sedimentation and because of this their size is constantly changing and therefore their settling velocity is changing. Example: alum or iron
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Victor, Steven; Neth, Leinson; Golbuu, Yimnang; Wolanski, Eric; Richmond, Robert H. (2006-02-01). "Sedimentation in mangroves and coral reefs in a wet tropical island, Pohnpei, Micronesia".
2115:"The International Journal of Climate Change: Impacts and Responses Â» Rate of Siltation in Wular Lake, (Jammu and Kashmir, India) with Special Emphasis on its Climate & Tectonics" 1340:
will tend to move in a uniform manner in the direction exerted by that force. For gravity settling, this means that the particles will tend to fall to the bottom of the vessel, forming
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gain to offset sea-level rise. Interest in sedimentation enhancing strategies has recently increased due to their ability to raise land elevation, which is important for the long-term
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of the sediments. However, the strict geological definition of sedimentation is the mechanical deposition of sediment particles from an initial suspension in air or water.
1740: 574: 2395: 1590:. Sedimentation enhancing strategies aim to increase sedimentation on the delta plain primarily by restoring the exchange of water and sediments between 1193: 1997:
Van Santen, P.; Augustinus, P. G. E. F.; Janssen-Stelder, B. M.; Quartel, S.; Tri, N. H. (2007-02-15). "Sedimentation in an estuarine mangrove system".
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Sedimentation may pertain to objects of various sizes, ranging from large rocks in flowing water, to suspensions of dust and pollen particles, to
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are tanks built with mechanical means for continuous removal of solids being deposited by sedimentation; however, clarification does not remove
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is broadly applied to the entire range of processes that result in the formation of sedimentary rock, from initial formation of sediments by
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When particles settling from a suspension reach a hard boundary, the concentration of particles at the boundary is opposed by the
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environments, settling can be influenced by the presence or absence of vegetation. Trees such as mangroves are crucial to the
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is the falling of suspended particles through the liquid, whereas sedimentation is the final result of the settling process.
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and therefore need sediment accumulation to maintain their elevation, particularly considering increasing rates of
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Paola, C.; Twilley, R. R.; Edmonds, D. A.; Kim, W.; Mohrig, D.; Parker, G.; Viparelli, E.; Voller, V. R. (2011).
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Nicholls, R. J.; Hutton, C. W.; Adger, W. N.; Hanson, S. E.; Rahman, Md. M.; Salehin, M., eds. (2018).
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It consumes waste hydrogen and oxygen to produce power, generate settling and attitude control thrust.
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Coe, H.S.; Clevenger, G.H. (1916). "Methods for determining the capacities of slime-settling tanks".
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and come to rest against a barrier. This is due to their motion through the fluid in response to the
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Omelia, C (1998). "Coagulation and sedimentation in lakes, reservoirs and water treatment plants".
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of moving water may be removed naturally by sedimentation in the still water of lakes and oceans.
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Paola, C.; Voller, V. R. (2005). "A generalized Exner equation for sediment mass balance".
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and low-lying delta plains. Sedimentation enhancing strategies can be applied to encourage
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Ecosystem Services for Well-Being in Deltas: Integrated Assessment for Policy Analysis
1826:"The unbearable heaviness of colloids: facts, surprises, and puzzles in sedimentation" 1418:. Measurements of the distribution yields information on the nature of the particles. 2408: 2396:'Industrial Water Treatment For Inorganic Contaminants: Physical Treatment Processes' 2218: 2186: 2171: 2143: 2118: 1667:
are ponds constructed for the purpose of removing entrained solids by sedimentation.
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at the vessel base. Settling is an important operation in many applications, such as
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is the process by which particulates move towards the bottom of a liquid and form a
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An undesired increased transport and sedimentation of suspended material is called
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for sediments to accumulate over geological time scales. Most sedimentation in the
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In chemistry, sedimentation has been used to measure the size of large molecules (
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Transactions of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers
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of the particles. The distribution of sediment near the boundary comes into
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of waves or currents, promoting the settlement of suspended particles.
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Piazza, Roberto; Buzzaccaro, Stefano; Secchi, Eleonora (2012-06-27).
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projects aiming to restore and facilitate land-building processes in
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Goldman, Steven J., Jackson, Katharine & Bursztynsky, Taras A.
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availability and deposition are important because deltas naturally
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sedimentation, active sludge sedimentation and sludge thickeners.
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separated by long intervals of nondeposition or even erosion.
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Giosan, L.; Constantinescu, S.; Filip, F.; Deng, B. (2013).
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is the thickness of sediment accumulated per unit time. For
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Blatt, Harvey; Middleton, Gerard; Murray, Raymond (1980).
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to several meters per thousand years in portions of major
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Gediz delta, showing a typical natural delta landscape
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Tendency for particles in suspension to settle down
2001:. Morphodynamics of the Red River Delta, Vietnam. 1824: 1705: 1486:load, this can be expressed mathematically by the 1888:Jackson, Julia A., ed. (1997). "sedimentation". 1615:), where the force of gravity is augmented with 1325:Settling pond for iron particles at water works 1260:of sediments which results in the formation of 1659:from water. Solid particles entrained by the 1187: 8: 1739:Zegler, Frank; Bernard Kutter (2010-09-02). 2148:. Cham: Springer International Publishing. 1748:AIAA SPACE 2010 Conference & Exposition 1233:acting on them: these forces can be due to 1194: 1180: 29: 1452:of particles from rock outcrops, through 2354:Erosion & Sediment Control Handbook. 2035:. blackwarriorriver.org. Archived from 1924: 1912: 1697: 37: 2398:Water Online; Accessed 15 October 2018 7: 2297:10.1146/annurev-marine-120709-142856 2080:Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 1831:Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 1726:participating institution membership 1568:Sedimentation enhancing strategies 1465:and the rocks that constitute the 25: 2375:Water and Waste-Water Technology. 1798:"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1926" 1378:Classification of sedimentation: 1632:This section is an excerpt from 1554:Sedimentation enhancing strategy 1552:This section is an excerpt from 1313:This section is an excerpt from 1161: 1160: 45: 2394:Reinsel, M., Apex Engineering. 2277:Annual Review of Marine Science 2033:"Siltation & Sedimentation" 1999:Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 1939:Journal of Geophysical Research 1634:Sedimentation (water treatment) 1360:treatment, biological science, 575:Microbial calcite precipitation 2377:John Wiley & Sons (1975). 1851:10.1088/0953-8984/24/28/284109 1543:also affects siltation rates. 1: 2340:10.1016/S0273-1223(98)00018-3 2060:. malaysiadigest.blogspot.com 290:Aeolian (windborne) transport 2328:Water Science and Technology 2258:10.1016/j.ancene.2013.09.001 2019:10.1016/j.jseaes.2006.05.011 1686:Coagulation (disambiguation) 1547:Human-enhanced sedimentation 2113:U.D. Kulkarni; et al. 1974:Origin of sedimentary rocks 1506:occurred in relative brief 1082:cross-cutting relationships 631:Amorphous calcium carbonate 2441: 2100:10.1016/j.ecss.2005.07.025 1927:, "rate of sedimentation". 1631: 1551: 1528: 1425: 1403: 1312: 656:Coastal sediment transport 2203:10.1007/s11625-008-0043-3 2154:10.1007/978-3-319-71093-8 1713:Oxford English Dictionary 1416:sedimentation equilibrium 1406:Sedimentation equilibrium 1400:Sedimentation equilibrium 466:Soft-sediment deformation 63:Terrigenous (lithogenous) 2185:Syvitski, J. P. (2008). 1639:The physical process of 1572:environmental management 1239:centrifugal acceleration 767:calcareous nannoplankton 456:Sediment–water interface 2425:Liquid-solid separation 1718:Oxford University Press 1643:(the act of depositing 1256:, sedimentation is the 661:Coastal sediment supply 434:Paleocurrent indicators 2191:Sustainability Science 1750:. AIAA. Archived from 1647:) has applications in 1565: 1437: 1326: 1213:. It takes place when 1092:original horizontality 762:biogenic calcification 612:oolitic aragonite sand 382:Sedimentary structures 223:Oolitic aragonite sand 2420:Laboratory techniques 1563: 1508:depositional episodes 1480:rate of sedimentation 1456:and settling, to the 1435: 1324: 1209:is the deposition of 2356:McGraw-Hill (1986). 1959:10.1029/2004JF000274 1428:Deposition (geology) 1272:and settling to the 2289:2011ARMS....3...67P 2250:2013Anthr...1...35G 2092:2006ECSS...66..409V 2011:2007JAESc..29..566V 1951:2005JGRF..110.4014P 1890:Glossary of geology 1843:2012JPCM...24B4109P 1716:(Online ed.). 1500:accommodation space 892:Soil carbon storage 827:Sedimentary ecology 749:Biogenous sediments 33:Part of a series on 1627:In water treatment 1566: 1467:sedimentary record 1454:sediment transport 1438: 1338:centrifugal motion 1327: 1270:sediment transport 1225:in which they are 1221:settle out of the 1134:carbonate-silicate 1104:Sedimentary record 1087:lateral continuity 884:Sedimentary carbon 814:Reverse weathering 793:diatomaceous earth 476:Vegetation-induced 360:Turbidity currents 334:ice-sheet dynamics 264:Sediment transport 255:Sedimentary budget 2163:978-3-319-71092-1 1724:(Subscription or 1617:centrifugal force 1204: 1203: 854:Soil biodiversity 730:Sedimentary basin 683:Marine regression 461:Sedimentary basin 324:Fluvial processes 295:Biomineralization 214:Manganese nodules 16:(Redirected from 2432: 2399: 2392: 2386: 2373:Hammer, Mark J. 2371: 2365: 2364:. pp. 8.2, 8.12. 2350: 2344: 2343: 2323: 2317: 2316: 2268: 2262: 2261: 2229: 2223: 2222: 2187:"Deltas at risk" 2182: 2176: 2175: 2139: 2130: 2129: 2127: 2126: 2110: 2104: 2103: 2086:(3–4): 409–416. 2075: 2069: 2068: 2066: 2065: 2054: 2048: 2047: 2045: 2044: 2029: 2023: 2022: 1994: 1988: 1987: 1969: 1963: 1962: 1934: 1928: 1922: 1916: 1915:, "aggradation". 1910: 1904: 1903: 1885: 1879: 1878: 1828: 1820: 1814: 1813: 1811: 1809: 1794: 1788: 1787: 1775: 1769: 1768: 1763: 1762: 1756: 1745: 1736: 1730: 1729: 1721: 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1868: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1827: 1819: 1816: 1804:. 27 Nov 2021 1803: 1799: 1793: 1790: 1785: 1781: 1774: 1771: 1767: 1757:on 2013-05-10 1753: 1749: 1742: 1735: 1732: 1727: 1719: 1715: 1714: 1708: 1701: 1698: 1691: 1687: 1684: 1683: 1679: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1641:sedimentation 1635: 1626: 1624: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1613:macromolecule 1606: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1562: 1555: 1546: 1544: 1542: 1538: 1532: 1524: 1522: 1520: 1516: 1511: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1476: 1474: 1473: 1468: 1464: 1459: 1458:lithification 1455: 1451: 1447: 1446:sedimentation 1443: 1434: 1429: 1421: 1419: 1417: 1413: 1407: 1399: 1393: 1389: 1386: 1381: 1380: 1379: 1373: 1369:and scooping. 1368: 1367:reignition, 1366: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1323: 1316: 1307: 1302: 1300: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1277: 1275: 1274:lithification 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1250: 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744: 736: 733: 731: 728: 726: 723: 722: 715: 712: 710: 707: 705: 702: 701: 700: 697: 696: 689: 688:transgression 686: 685: 684: 681: 677: 674: 673: 672: 669: 667: 664: 662: 659: 657: 654: 652: 651:Bioirrigation 649: 647: 644: 642: 639: 637: 636:Calcification 634: 632: 629: 625: 622: 621: 620: 617: 613: 610: 608: 607:aragonite sea 605: 604: 603: 600: 598: 595: 594: 590: 585: 584: 576: 573: 571: 568: 566: 565:Hydropedology 563: 561: 560:Soil salinity 558: 556: 553: 551: 548: 546: 543: 541: 538: 534: 531: 529: 526: 524: 521: 520: 519: 516: 512: 509: 507: 504: 502: 499: 498: 497: 494: 493: 489:Soil sediment 486: 485: 477: 474: 472: 469: 467: 464: 462: 459: 457: 454: 452: 449: 445: 442: 440: 439:sole markings 437: 436: 435: 432: 430: 427: 425: 422: 420: 417: 415: 412: 408: 405: 403: 400: 398: 395: 393: 392:cross-bedding 390: 389: 388: 385: 383: 380: 379: 375: 370: 369: 361: 358: 356: 353: 351: 350:Lithification 348: 347: 340: 337: 335: 332: 331: 330: 327: 325: 322: 320: 317: 315: 312: 310: 307: 306: 301: 298: 296: 293: 291: 288: 286: 283: 281: 278: 277: 270: 267: 266: 265: 262: 261: 256: 253: 251: 250:Sedimentation 248: 247: 243: 238: 237: 229: 226: 224: 221: 220: 215: 212: 211: 204: 203: 193: 190: 188: 185: 183: 180: 179: 177: 176: 169: 166: 164: 161: 159: 156: 154: 151: 150: 149: 148: 139: 136: 134: 131: 130: 129: 126: 123: 120: 118: 115: 114: 113: 110: 109: 104: 101: 99: 96: 95: 88: 87: 78: 75: 74: 69: 66: 64: 61: 60: 53: 52: 48: 44: 43: 40: 36: 32: 31: 19: 2390: 2374: 2369: 2353: 2348: 2331: 2327: 2321: 2283:(1): 67–91. 2280: 2276: 2266: 2241: 2238:Anthropocene 2237: 2227: 2197:(1): 23–32. 2194: 2190: 2180: 2144: 2123:. Retrieved 2119:the original 2108: 2083: 2079: 2073: 2062:. Retrieved 2052: 2041:. Retrieved 2037:the original 2027: 2002: 1998: 1992: 1973: 1967: 1942: 1938: 1932: 1925:Jackson 1997 1920: 1913:Jackson 1997 1908: 1889: 1883: 1834: 1830: 1818: 1806:. Retrieved 1801: 1792: 1783: 1779: 1773: 1765: 1759:. Retrieved 1752:the original 1747: 1734: 1711: 1700: 1640: 1610: 1607:In chemistry 1534: 1512: 1507: 1496:river deltas 1479: 1477: 1470: 1445: 1439: 1409: 1377: 1328: 1278: 1251: 1206: 1205: 1146:Biosignature 1114:Stratigraphy 1067:soil science 1062:paleontology 1019:Organic-rich 960:conglomerate 839:Soil zoology 735:Tidal bundle 714:hemipelagite 545:Soil horizon 511:permeability 471:Unconformity 414:Alluvial fan 407:ripple marks 374:By structure 329:Glacier flow 300:Bioturbation 249: 241: 1808:27 November 1519:attenuation 1472:aggradation 1444:, the term 1391:coagulation 1078:Principles 1024:Phosphorite 897:Soil carbon 863:Rhizosphere 809:Microfossil 798:radiolarite 671:Marine clay 624:calcite sea 597:Abyssal fan 451:River delta 444:imbrication 339:ice rafting 79:Hydrogenous 76:Cosmogenous 2409:Categories 2334:(2): 129. 2125:2009-11-16 2064:2009-11-16 2043:2009-11-16 1983:0136427103 1899:0922152349 1761:2011-01-25 1728:required.) 1669:Clarifiers 1661:turbulence 1651:, whereby 1602:of deltas. 1426:See also: 1422:In geology 1385:flocculate 1365:propellant 1354:wastewater 1303:Principles 1287:of single 1258:deposition 1219:suspension 1119:Rock cycle 1099:Provenance 1057:geological 934:Carbonates 709:contourite 666:Evaporites 518:morphology 506:pore space 314:Concretion 309:Compaction 280:Weathering 242:By process 112:Grain size 91:By texture 2305:1941-1405 2244:: 35–45. 2219:128976925 2211:1862-4065 2172:135458360 1859:0953-8984 1537:siltation 1531:Siltation 1525:Siltation 1515:estuarine 1484:suspended 1463:landforms 1436:Siltation 1412:diffusion 1289:molecules 1285:solutions 1227:entrained 1215:particles 1211:sediments 1029:Siliceous 1014:Iron-rich 1009:Greywacke 994:Evaporite 978:sandstone 939:limestone 704:turbidite 602:Aragonite 355:Siltation 98:Roundness 68:Biogenous 56:By origin 39:Sediments 18:Silted up 2313:21329199 1875:23309333 1867:22738878 1680:See also 1645:sediment 1580:Sediment 1334:sediment 1330:Settling 1315:Settling 1308:Settling 1297:peptides 1293:proteins 1291:such as 1281:cellular 1268:through 1247:Settling 1167:Category 1048:History 944:dolomite 929:Badlands 387:Bedforms 228:Tektites 2285:Bibcode 2246:Bibcode 2088:Bibcode 2007:Bibcode 1947:Bibcode 1839:Bibcode 1653:gravity 1584:subside 1450:erosion 1442:geology 1266:erosion 1254:geology 1235:gravity 1124:calcium 1052:geology 1042:Related 983:mudrock 973:breccia 955:Clastic 699:Pelagic 646:Bay mud 619:Calcite 523:texture 285:Erosion 269:coastal 168:colloid 138:granule 117:boulder 103:Sorting 2381:  2360:  2311:  2303:  2217:  2209:  2170:  2160:  1980:  1896:  1873:  1865:  1857:  1786:: 356. 1619:in an 1592:rivers 1576:deltas 1350:mining 1346:slurry 1342:sludge 1231:forces 1165:  1129:silica 540:Catena 501:matrix 397:duness 182:oolite 178:Other 133:pebble 128:gravel 122:cobble 2215:S2CID 2168:S2CID 1871:S2CID 1755:(PDF) 1744:(PDF) 1722: 1692:Notes 1362:space 1241:, or 1223:fluid 1004:Chert 999:Chalk 555:Humin 550:Humus 533:color 528:value 424:Fault 187:scree 2379:ISBN 2358:ISBN 2309:PMID 2301:ISSN 2207:ISSN 2158:ISBN 1978:ISBN 1894:ISBN 1863:PMID 1855:ISSN 1810:2021 1570:are 1478:The 1356:and 1295:and 907:Peat 902:Coal 496:Soil 429:Fold 192:till 163:clay 158:silt 153:sand 2336:doi 2293:doi 2254:doi 2199:doi 2150:doi 2096:doi 2015:doi 1955:doi 1943:110 1847:doi 1513:In 1440:In 1344:or 1252:In 1217:in 2411:: 2332:37 2330:. 2307:. 2299:. 2291:. 2279:. 2275:. 2252:. 2240:. 2236:. 2213:. 2205:. 2193:. 2189:. 2166:. 2156:. 2134:^ 2094:. 2084:66 2082:. 2013:. 2003:29 1953:. 1941:. 1869:. 1861:. 1853:. 1845:. 1835:24 1833:. 1829:. 1800:. 1784:55 1782:. 1764:. 1746:. 1710:. 1623:. 1578:. 1475:. 1352:, 1245:. 1237:, 2342:. 2338:: 2315:. 2295:: 2287:: 2281:3 2260:. 2256:: 2248:: 2242:1 2221:. 2201:: 2195:3 2174:. 2152:: 2128:. 2102:. 2098:: 2090:: 2067:. 2046:. 2021:. 2017:: 2009:: 1986:. 1961:. 1957:: 1949:: 1902:. 1877:. 1849:: 1841:: 1812:. 1720:. 1675:. 1636:. 1556:. 1317:. 1195:e 1188:t 1181:v 20:)

Index

Silted up
Sediments

Terrigenous (lithogenous)
Biogenous
Roundness
Sorting
Grain size
boulder
cobble
gravel
pebble
granule
sand
silt
clay
colloid
oolite
scree
till
Manganese nodules
Oolitic aragonite sand
Tektites
By process
Sedimentation
Sedimentary budget
Sediment transport
coastal
Weathering
Erosion

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