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appreciated her kindness. Silvia acquired the nickname Puss and early settlers considered her kind, welcoming and intelligent. Women appreciated her charitable offer of assistance, whatever it may be. She is remembered for taking in and comforting an orphaned child, as well as opening her home to a man disabled with rheumatoid arthritis for years. When white women visited her house, she served them while they ate, but she and her children did not eat with them. When women offered to return the favor, she ate alone in their kitchen.
164:. By 1834, while still enslaved, Silvia had given birth to three children with John Webber. As most enslaved women, Silvia experienced a complex relationship with John, a white landowner, and yet, together, Silvia and John negotiated the securing of their three children's freedoms and the freedom of Silvia herself by June 11, 1834. Their first child, Alcy (also known as Elsie) was born in October 1829. Sons Henry and John Webber were born by 1834.
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280:, Mexico. They established and ran a ferry from their land on Webber's Ranch and across the river to transport goods for their trading business. His cousins—Peter, John, and Andrew Webber—went on trading journeys with him. To assimilate better while trading in Mexico, he changed his name to Juan Fernando Webber. He also bought land from the La Blanca land grant.
77:. John smuggled tobacco into Northern Mexico, and during those runs, he may have also helped transport enslaved people to freedom in Mexico. Silvia was particularly known for taking in people in need. The couple also ran a business ferrying people and goods across the Rio Grande from their ranch in Hidalgo County. During the
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Silvia's freedom papers reveal that her owner, John Cryer, did not request payment in specie or land, but requested to receive payment in human beings. He specifically required the
Webbers to pay him two young enslaved children, a two-year-old boy and a three-year-old girl. Records found by Dr. Maria
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Silvia was the first free black woman to settle in
Webberville and one of the first free black persons to settle in Travis County. Initially, they were accepted as an interracial couple, although Silvia was never seen as "an equal" their neighbors at Webberville treated her with respect because they
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Silvia likely came to Texas when she was 19 years old in 1826 with John Cryer, who was one of three adult children of Morgan Cryer, Sr. who settled in
Mexican Texas. The other two were Kezia Cryer Taylor and Rebecca Cryer Cummins. On March 15, 1826, there were five enslaved people with John Cryer in
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Silvia and John were anti-slavery advocates and
Unionists. They offered a safe haven to freedom seekers bound for Mexico. Silvia was known to be charitable to anyone that needed assistance. She and her family fed and provided shelter and asylum to runaway slaves on the Underground Railroad that led
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In 1853, John, Silvia, and their children left
Webberville and moved to Hildalgo County. Upon their arrival they were accepted among Mexican American families and relocated to what is now southern Texas near the border of Texas and Mexico near the Rio Grande. They had an 8,856-acre ranch, six miles
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Hammack demonstrate that the
Webbers did not heed Cryer's request. On the contrary, the Webbers refused to make that payment and by 1850, the Webbers chose to forfeit a large portion of their Webberville property to settle the debt that they owed to Cryer for Silvia and her children's freedoms.
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was founded in 1836, it became a republic that reintroduced legal slavery to Texas and banned free Black people from residing inside its borders. The
Webbers were subject to increasingly dangerous persecution and the family became afraid that Silvia and the children could face re-enslavement by
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and Webber lived there beginning in 1826. John was a neighbor and business partner of John Cryer, According to Noah
Smithwick (a man who worked and knew both men), Cryer and John were in the business of smuggling tobacco in northern Mexico. He met Silvia at some point between 1826 and 1829 and
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moved into the area in the 1840s, Silvia and their children experienced "cruel prejudice and discriminatory treatment". The new
Webberville settlers wanted to "rid the settlement of its founder and his family of mulato offspring". By the early 1850s the Webbers' lives at Webberville had been
104:. He served in the Thirty-first United States Infantry under Captain S. Dickinson and he fought in the battle of Shadage Woods. John arrived in Mexico, San Felipe de Austin, in 1823 seeking to settle. He lived in central Texas for 30 years until 1853, when he moved to Hidalgo County.
50:. The Webbers secured the freedom of Silvia and their children ultimately by giving up much of their Webberville property. The family was subject to cruel racial prejudice and their children were unable to attend school with white children. The Webbers hired a live-in private tutor.
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In 1872, John received a pension from the United States. He died on July 19, 1882, in his home. He was buried in the Webber
Cemetery in Hidalgo County, near Donna, Texas. Silvia died around 1891 or 1892.
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Because the Webber children were not allowed to attend the local school due to racial prejudice, they hired Robert G. McAdoo, a North Carolinian school teacher, to be a live-in tutor for their children.
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435:, the Cryers lived on a plantation in South Carolina. They moved to Georgia, which is where Silas McDaniel married the daughter of Morgan Cryer, Sr. They then moved to
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Beginning in the 1820s, John traveled to Mexico to sell tobacco. He worked with several partners—John Cryer, Clay Coppedge, and Noah Smithwick—who traveled together to
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John Ferdinand Webber was a white man born in Danville, Vermont between 1786 and 1795. His parents, Hannah Morrill and John Webber, emigrated from Europe to America.
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326:, the Webbers "closed the doors and refused admission until Ford came". Confederate troops captured two of John's sons. One of the Webber men escaped and went to
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The African American Registry states that they lived in Well's Prairie, which became Webberville—and it also mentioned that the Webbers lived on Webber's Prairie.
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243:. Its constitution took away the rights and freedoms that Black people had under Mexican law and outlawed interracial marriage. As more people from the
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soldiers that Ford had 60 soldiers. The family fled to Mexico and did not return until May 1865 at the end of the war or in 1882 before John's death.
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200:. Around 1832, John built Webber's Fort and stockade on the top of a hill. He was the first non-native resident on Webber's Prairie in
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occupied the Rio Grande Valley and they were persecuted for their position against the Confederacy and were driven off their land.
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In other words, they were either married legally between 1834 and 1836, or they had an unsanctioned religious marriage.
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934:. The Earl Vandale Collection. The Briscoe Center for American History: Original Records in Box 2H484.
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to Mexico. They used their ferry to deliver freedom seekers across the Rio Grande. Their neighbors,
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748:, Texas State Library and Archives Commission, Austin, Texas, July 24, 1867 – via ancestry.com
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947:"What's Love Got to Do With It? Concubinage and Enslaved Women and Girls in the Antebellum South"
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160:, according to an affidavit by his widow. Interracial marriage was legal in the Mexican state of
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in 1806. The Cryers moved to Arkansas in 1815, which at the time it that region was part of the
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John owned 2,214 acres of land that became known as Webber's Prairie. He received the land as a
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120:. When she was twelve years old, she was sold to McDaniel's father-in-law, Morgan Cryer, Sr. of
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1081:, Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration – via ancestry.com
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A memorial for John Ferdinand Webber is located at the Webber's family cemetery off of
219:, Mexico. He titled himself as Dr. John F. Webber as a front for their key purpose: to
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34:(ca. 1786–1795 – 1882) were a mixed-race couple who were among the initial settlers in
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He was said to have been born January 24, 1786, around 1786, in 1794, or around 1795.
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Austin's register of families. Cryer petitioned for a Mexican land grant as part of
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Bacha-Garza, Roseann; Miller, Christopher L.; Skowronek, Russell K. (2019-01-23).
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116:(present-day east Louisiana) in 1807. She had been owned by Silas McDaniel in
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Remnants of the site include bricks from an old house foundation and a large
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He served from May 23, 1813 to May 31, 1814 as a private and a medic in the
574:"Webber Family, Special Collections & University Archives, LibGuides"
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1112:
Southern Response to the "slave-stealers" and Extradition Controversies
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The Webbers had a total of 13 children, two of whom died in infancy.
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Unlike most of their neighbors, the Webbers were sympathetic to the
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land grant. They also established a homestead south of the town of
1189:(1st ed.). Austin, Texas: San Felipe Press. pp. 115–119.
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259:, would kidnap his family members and sell them into slavery.
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to Silvia Hector by 1832, 1834, or an unknown time, by Father
2166:
Slave labor on United States military installations 1799–1863
1650:
Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Historical Park
812:
Handbook of Texas Online, Texas State Historical Association
660:
Handbook of Texas Online, Texas State Historical Association
1187:
The Evolution of a State or Recollections of Old Texas Days
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John was among the original settlers of Austin's Colony in
1158:"The Little Known History of Texas' Underground Railroad"
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threatened and they chose to uproot and move to Mexico.
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after him. The town is on the outskirts of present-day
1015:"Webberville Ebenezer Baptist Church Historical Marker"
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on the banks of the Rio Grande, across the river from
375:, near the Donna Pumping Station, in Hidalgo County.
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Slavery in the colonial history of the United States
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southern route of the Underground Railroad to Mexico
42:. John, previously a private and a medic during the
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192:on June 22, 1832. It is located near the border of
73:. They are believed to have been conductors on the
2151:Slave markets and slave jails in the United States
1667:Niagara Falls Underground Railroad Heritage Center
718:. Texas A&M University Press. pp. 92–94.
1678:The Railroad to Freedom: A Story of the Civil War
470:Her name was also spelled Alecy, Alcey, or Elsie.
124:for $ 550 (~$ 10,947 in 2023) on March 10, 1819.
2415:Movement to reopen the transatlantic slave trade
1426:British Methodist Episcopal Church, Salem Chapel
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2204:Slavery as a positive good in the United States
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443:. The surname is also spelled Crier in records.
1655:Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad State Park
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85:, and two of their sons were captured by the
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2156:Kidnapping into slavery in the United States
1637:National Underground Railroad Freedom Center
744:"Hidalgo County, Voter Registration Lists",
2636:Family reunification ads after emancipation
808:"Webber, Silvia Hector [Aunt Puss]"
298:Underground Railroad § South to Mexico
144:(1821–1836). The colony was established by
2349:Slavery and the United States Constitution
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1135:. Taylor Trade Publications. p. 297.
1115:. Norman: Oklahoma State University Press.
1056:. Taylor Trade Publications. p. 293.
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715:The Civil War on the Rio Grande, 1846–1876
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905:"Silvia Hector Webber, Abolitionist born"
830:
746:U.S., Voter Registration Lists, 1867-1869
69:, by the mid-1850s and settled along the
2439:Thirteenth Amendment of the Constitution
1521:Ann Maria Jackson and her seven children
2141:Indentured servitude in British America
1132:Lone Star Travel Guide to Central Texas
1053:Lone Star Travel Guide to Central Texas
951:The Journal of African American History
852:"From Prairie to Settlement to Village"
602:
600:
598:
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519:Jeremiah Marcelino Webber (1853 – 1903)
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112:Silvia Hector was born into slavery in
1496:Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp
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564:
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504:Santiago James Webber (c. 1840 - 1920)
2581:Slavery during the American Civil War
2394:Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves
875:
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578:University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
507:Nelson/Wilson Webber (1842 – unknown)
498:Sarah Jane Webber Biddy (1838 – 1911)
481:University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
7:
1003:, Austin, Travis County, Texas, 1850
483:states that their children include:
2586:End of slavery in the United States
1001:Deed. Travis County Clerk's Office.
293:also helped people escape slavery.
2683:19th-century North American people
2464:John Quincy Adams and abolitionism
1672:Underground Railroad Bicycle Route
1463:The South Bend Fugitive Slave Case
1404:List of Underground Railroad sites
984:Hammack, MarĂa (7 February 2022).
516:Rachel Amanda Webber (1851 – 1903)
501:James Morrill Webber (1839 – 1922)
486:Elise Webber Jackson (1829 – 1900)
251:The Webbers were also afraid that
25:
2713:People from Hidalgo County, Texas
2631:Civil rights movement (1865–1896)
2576:Origins of the American Civil War
2283:African American founding fathers
2226:Education during the slave period
1710:Freedom: The Underground Railroad
1613:Songs of the Underground Railroad
1544:Abolitionism in the United States
1079:1850 United States Federal Census
1077:"John F. Webber, Travis, Texas",
268:east of Hidalgo, in what was the
2708:People from Travis County, Texas
2379:History of slavery by U.S. state
2146:Slave trade in the United States
1619:The Underground Railroad Records
1385:
1156:Bird, Tyson (January 28, 2021).
2688:People from pre-statehood Texas
1421:Underground Railroad in Indiana
963:10.5323/jafriamerhist.98.1.0099
928:Hammack, MarĂa (October 2018).
510:Sabrina Webber (1848 – unknown)
495:Leonard Webber (1836 – unknown)
196:and Travis Counties and on the
149:"became infatuated with her."
2241:List of American slave traders
2121:Slavery among Native Americans
1129:Zelade, Richard (2011-05-16).
1050:Zelade, Richard (2011-05-16).
885:Texas Reader, Copano Bay Press
513:Andrew Webber (1846 – unknown)
239:was established following the
1:
2703:People from Danville, Vermont
2449:George Washington and slavery
2328:American Colonization Society
2323:African-American slave owners
850:Nichols, Lee (June 6, 2008).
489:Henry Webber (1832 – unknown)
352:The Webbers helped establish
291:Matilda and Nathaniel Jackson
2454:Thomas Jefferson and slavery
2199:American proslavery movement
2161:Slave states and free states
1802:Slavery in the United States
1757:Slavery in the United States
1593:Reverse Underground Railroad
1457:Kentucky raid in Cass County
988:. Earl Van Dale Collections.
492:John Webber (1834 – unknown)
81:, the family sided with the
2698:Underground Railroad people
2479:Abraham Lincoln and slavery
1109:Amstutz, David Lee (1999).
1019:Texas Historical Commission
270:PorciĂłn Agostadero del Gato
2729:
2553:Children of the plantation
2484:Andrew Johnson and slavery
2474:Zachary Taylor and slavery
2420:Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
2389:Fugitive Slave Act of 1793
2354:American slave court cases
2318:Amerindian slave ownership
1754:
1559:African-American opponents
1442:Emeline and Samuel Hawkins
945:Stevenson, Brenda (2013).
433:American Revolutionary War
295:
2606:Emancipation Proclamation
2531:Sexual relations and rape
2459:James Madison and slavery
1752:
1509:Oberlin–Wellington Rescue
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909:African American Registry
612:African American Registry
394:26.0718806°N 98.1029333°W
223:sell packets of tobacco.
2591:Compensated emancipation
1742:The Underground Railroad
1185:Smithwick, Noah (1983).
986:""Searching for Silvia""
656:"Webber, John Ferdinand"
255:, or slave stealers and
2426:Partus sequitur ventrem
2369:Three-fifths Compromise
1643:Harriet Tubman Memorial
931:Freedom Papers. Feature
399:26.0718806; -98.1029333
317:Confederate States Army
183:
87:Confederate States Army
2501:Supreme Court Justices
2469:John Tyler and slavery
2444:Presidents and slavery
2433:Dred Scott v. Sandford
806:Hammack, Maria Ester.
122:Clark County, Arkansas
118:Clark County, Missouri
30:(1807 – ca. 1892) and
2374:Slave and free states
2364:Fugitive Slave Clause
2278:List of abolitionists
2131:Slavery in New France
1702:The Quest for Freedom
1367:Charles Turner Torrey
1362:Harriet Beecher Stowe
1327:Harriet Forten Purvis
881:"Two Men and a Woman"
608:"John F. Webber born"
452:He was not her owner.
366:Hidalgo County, Texas
338:Later years and death
322:According to Colonel
136:Marriage and children
93:John Ferdinand Webber
67:Hidalgo County, Texas
2400:Gag rule (1836–1840)
2261:Underground Railroad
2236:Domestic slave trade
2221:Mandatory illiteracy
2126:Slavery in New Spain
2077:District of Columbia
1686:A Woman Called Moses
1554:opponents of slavery
1527:Thirteenth Amendment
1489:Joshua Glover rescue
1302:Laura Smith Haviland
1231:Underground Railroad
437:Spanish West Florida
284:Underground Railroad
263:Along the Rio Grande
202:Travis County, Texas
114:Spanish West Florida
40:Travis County, Texas
32:John Fernando Webber
28:Silvia Hector Webber
18:Silvia Hector Webber
2678:19th-century deaths
2673:19th-century births
2621:Radical Republicans
2568:Civil War and after
2496:Members of Congress
2313:List of plantations
2096:U.S. Virgin Islands
1694:Roots of Resistance
1576:Fugitive slave laws
1322:William Cooper Nell
999:"John Cryer. #44",
833:, pp. 115–119.
390: /
2616:Reconstruction era
1697:(1989 documentary)
1357:Calvin Ellis Stowe
1277:Frederick Douglass
1272:Richard Dillingham
441:Missouri Territory
227:Interracial couple
204:, which was named
83:United States Army
48:Webberville, Texas
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2626:Freedmen's Bureau
1768:
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1761:Slavery in Canada
1745:(2021 miniseries)
1713:(2013 board game)
1689:(1978 miniseries)
1482:Uncle Tom's Cabin
1142:978-1-58979-608-9
1063:978-1-58979-608-9
725:978-1-62349-720-0
237:Republic of Texas
146:Stephen F. Austin
55:Republic of Texas
16:(Redirected from
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2342:Law and politics
2266:Freedmen's towns
2246:Runaway slave ad
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2071:Federal district
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1729:(2016 TV series)
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324:John Salmon Ford
241:Texas Revolution
184:Webber's Prairie
162:Coahuila y Tejas
152:John Webber was
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2693:Married couples
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2641:Freedmen's town
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2514:and procreation
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2505:
2491:Vice presidents
2405:Nullifier Party
2384:Fugitive slaves
2337:
2333:Slave narrative
2271:Black Canadians
2191:
2185:
2100:
2079:
2065:
1804:
1799:
1769:
1764:
1763:
1748:
1625:
1571:Fugitive slaves
1532:
1469:Christiana Riot
1430:
1390:
1381:
1282:Calvin Fairbank
1233:
1228:
1197:
1194:
1184:
1181:
1176:
1175:
1166:
1164:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1143:
1128:
1127:
1120:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1095:
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1075:
1071:
1064:
1049:
1048:
1033:
1023:
1021:
1013:
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1008:
998:
997:
993:
983:
982:
978:
944:
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927:
926:
922:
913:
911:
903:
902:
898:
889:
887:
879:
878:
869:
860:
858:
849:
848:
837:
829:
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805:
804:
753:
743:
742:
733:
726:
711:
710:
673:
664:
662:
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652:
625:
616:
614:
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583:
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572:
571:
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478:
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469:
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417:
412:
398:
396:
392:
389:
384:
381:
379:
377:
376:
349:
340:
305:
300:
286:
265:
229:
221:surreptitiously
186:
181:
158:Michael Muldoon
138:
130:Austin's Colony
110:
95:
36:Austin's Colony
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2726:
2724:
2716:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
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2650:
2649:
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2638:
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2613:
2608:
2603:
2601:Colored Troops
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2572:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2543:
2538:
2536:Slave breeding
2533:
2528:
2526:Female slavery
2523:
2521:Sexual slavery
2517:
2515:
2512:sexual slavery
2507:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2498:
2493:
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2280:
2275:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2258:
2253:
2248:
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2238:
2233:
2231:Slave quarters
2228:
2223:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2206:
2201:
2195:
2193:
2192:social history
2187:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2080:
2075:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2011:South Carolina
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1976:North Carolina
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
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1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
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1833:
1828:
1823:
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1810:
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1805:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1790:
1783:
1775:
1766:
1765:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1738:
1730:
1722:
1718:The North Star
1714:
1706:
1698:
1690:
1682:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1660:visitor center
1652:
1647:
1639:
1633:
1631:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1623:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1595:
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1583:
1573:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1556:
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1524:
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1506:
1500:
1492:
1486:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1445:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1400:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1374:
1372:Harriet Tubman
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1342:Hetty Reckless
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1297:Frances Harper
1294:
1292:Thomas Garrett
1289:
1287:Isaac S. Flint
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1243:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1219:
1212:
1204:
1192:
1191:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1162:Texas Highways
1148:
1141:
1118:
1101:
1099:, p. 226.
1097:Smithwick 1983
1084:
1069:
1062:
1031:
1006:
991:
976:
957:(98): 99–115.
937:
920:
896:
867:
835:
831:Smithwick 1983
823:
751:
731:
724:
671:
623:
590:
580:. July 2, 2021
555:
554:
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493:
490:
487:
472:
463:
454:
445:
424:
414:
413:
411:
408:
407:
406:
369:
358:Bastrop County
348:
345:
339:
336:
330:to notify the
304:
301:
285:
282:
264:
261:
257:slave catchers
228:
225:
198:Colorado River
185:
182:
180:
179:Pioneer farmer
177:
137:
134:
109:
106:
94:
91:
65:They moved to
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2725:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2559:
2558:Shadow family
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2548:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2508:
2502:
2499:
2497:
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2489:
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2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
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2442:
2440:
2437:
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2427:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2359:Freedom suits
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2308:Planter class
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2251:Slave catcher
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2188:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2107:
2103:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2051:West Virginia
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1956:New Hampshire
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1916:Massachusetts
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
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1869:
1867:
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1834:
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1824:
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1807:
1803:
1796:
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1715:
1712:
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1640:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1628:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1608:Slave catcher
1606:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1579:
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1528:
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1522:
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1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1487:
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1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1444:flight (1845)
1443:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1378:
1377:Delia Webster
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1352:William Still
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1332:Robert Purvis
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1312:Daniel Hughes
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1262:Samuel Burris
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1225:
1220:
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1211:
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1202:
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1125:
1123:
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1102:
1098:
1093:
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1085:
1080:
1073:
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1055:
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1038:
1036:
1032:
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1007:
1002:
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980:
977:
972:
968:
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948:
941:
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921:
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868:
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846:
844:
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840:
836:
832:
827:
824:
813:
809:
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800:
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790:
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766:
764:
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747:
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732:
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721:
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591:
579:
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569:
567:
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563:
561:
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533:
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524:
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455:
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409:
403:
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370:
367:
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359:
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350:
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329:
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314:
310:
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299:
294:
292:
283:
281:
279:
275:
271:
262:
260:
258:
254:
249:
246:
242:
238:
235:In 1836, the
233:
226:
224:
222:
218:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
178:
176:
172:
169:
165:
163:
159:
155:
150:
147:
143:
142:Mexican Texas
135:
133:
131:
125:
123:
119:
115:
108:Silvia Hector
107:
105:
103:
98:
92:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
63:
61:
56:
51:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
19:
2545:
2431:
2424:
2293:Field slaves
2256:Abolitionism
2190:Cultural and
2181:Bibliography
2016:South Dakota
2006:Rhode Island
2001:Pennsylvania
1981:North Dakota
1740:
1732:
1724:
1716:
1708:
1700:
1692:
1684:
1676:
1642:
1618:
1564:publications
1549:Abolitionism
1515:Tilly Escape
1494:
1480:
1475:Jerry Rescue
1448:
1347:Gerrit Smith
1307:David Hudson
1196:
1193:
1186:
1179:Bibliography
1165:. Retrieved
1161:
1151:
1131:
1111:
1104:
1078:
1072:
1052:
1022:. Retrieved
1018:
1009:
1000:
994:
979:
954:
950:
940:
930:
923:
912:. Retrieved
908:
899:
888:. Retrieved
884:
859:. Retrieved
855:
826:
815:. Retrieved
811:
745:
714:
663:. Retrieved
659:
615:. Retrieved
611:
582:. Retrieved
577:
535:
526:
475:
466:
457:
448:
427:
418:
385:98°6′10.56″W
382:26°4′18.77″N
341:
321:
306:
287:
269:
266:
253:Blackbirders
250:
234:
230:
217:San Fernando
214:
187:
173:
170:
166:
151:
139:
126:
111:
99:
96:
64:
60:Blackbirders
52:
31:
27:
26:
2410:Fire-Eaters
2303:Task system
2298:Gang system
2288:Plantations
2091:Puerto Rico
2084:Territories
1931:Mississippi
1846:Connecticut
1737:(2019 film)
1726:Underground
1721:(2016 film)
1705:(1992 film)
1681:(1932 book)
1622:(1872 book)
1601:lawn jockey
1503:Dover Eight
1499:(1856 book)
1485:(1852 book)
1337:John Rankin
1317:Peg Leg Joe
1267:Levi Coffin
1024:February 7,
431:During the
397: /
354:Webberville
311:during the
206:Webberville
102:War of 1812
44:War of 1812
2667:Categories
2611:Juneteenth
2596:Contraband
2046:Washington
1966:New Mexico
1961:New Jersey
1836:California
1755:See also:
1257:Owen Brown
1252:John Brown
1167:2021-07-05
914:2023-03-21
890:2023-03-21
861:2021-07-04
817:2021-07-04
665:2021-07-03
617:2021-07-04
584:2021-07-04
551:References
332:Union Army
328:Fort Brown
309:Union Army
296:See also:
245:Deep South
71:Rio Grande
2510:Marriage,
2209:Treatment
2056:Wisconsin
2021:Tennessee
1926:Minnesota
1901:Louisiana
971:149077504
313:Civil War
303:Civil War
190:headright
79:Civil War
53:When the
2176:Glossary
2041:Virginia
1991:Oklahoma
1971:New York
1946:Nebraska
1936:Missouri
1921:Michigan
1911:Maryland
1896:Kentucky
1876:Illinois
1851:Delaware
1841:Colorado
1831:Arkansas
1645:(Boston)
1597:Signals
1451:incident
1414:churches
2547:Plaçage
2113:History
2061:Wyoming
2036:Vermont
1941:Montana
1881:Indiana
1861:Georgia
1856:Florida
1826:Arizona
1816:Alabama
1734:Harriet
1630:Related
541:cistern
278:Reynosa
194:Bastrop
154:married
2396:(1808)
2214:Health
2105:Topics
1996:Oregon
1951:Nevada
1891:Kansas
1866:Hawaii
1821:Alaska
1809:States
1588:Quilts
1537:Topics
1529:(1865)
1523:(1859)
1517:(1856)
1511:(1858)
1505:(1857)
1491:(1854)
1477:(1851)
1471:(1851)
1465:(1849)
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1453:(1848)
1435:Events
1409:houses
1396:Places
1239:People
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373:US 281
347:Legacy
315:. The
210:Austin
2026:Texas
1906:Maine
1871:Idaho
1449:Pearl
967:S2CID
410:Notes
362:Donna
274:Donna
2646:list
2031:Utah
1986:Ohio
1886:Iowa
1759:and
1581:1850
1137:ISBN
1058:ISBN
1026:2022
720:ISBN
479:The
360:and
959:doi
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