571:, is 162 metres (531 ft) long and 53 metres (174 ft) wide, and measures 25.3 metres (83 ft) from keel to main deck. The original 80,000-tonne drilling unit sits on top of a 35,000-tonne 168 by 110 metres (551 by 361 ft) submersible barge that acts as an artificial steel berm when the unit is lowered to the seafloor using water ballast. While on location, a 2-metre (6.6 ft) box-type skirt prevents it from sliding sideways and an air injection system helps to overcome the suction effect during de-ballasting. The unit has six
743:
227:
209:
703:, Japan, where all but the forward two-thirds of the tanker's hull were scrapped. The remaining section was reinforced with 7,000 tonnes of additional steel and strengthened against ice with 13,000 tonnes of concrete that formed a 1-metre (3.3 ft) thick inner hull. A new 4,000-ton topside with drilling derrick, cranes, helipad and accommodation block was installed on top of the ice-strengthened hull. The drilling unit was given the name
245:
70:
848:
834:
820:
750:
806:
764:
792:
778:
883:
built by
Hitachi Zosen. A layer of high density polyurethane foam between the two units ensured an even contact. The use of artificial steel berm removed the need to prepare the seafloor for drilling operations and made the unit capable of operating year-round in water depths between 7 and 24 metres
714:
was towed to the Bering Sea. In
October 1982, the drilling unit arrived to Dome Petroleum's Uviluk P-66 site and was lowered onto a man-made submerged berm in 31 metres (102 ft) of water. The drilling began on 10 November and was completed on 21 May 1983. By January 1983, a grounded ice rubble
688:
islands were considered to be the most appropriate and cost-effective way to extend the drilling season in the
Beaufort Sea, relocating them was time-consuming and expensive as the structure had to be completely reconstructed every time it was moved to a new drilling location. The new drilling unit
730:
in 28 metres (92 ft) of water. On 25 September 1983, before the drilling had begun, the unit was impacted by a multi-year ice floe with an estimated diameter of 1.7 kilometres (1.1 mi) and thickness of 3 to 4 metres (9.8 to 13.1 ft). While the impact was clearly felt on the rig, no
1039:
to complete the one-day tow from Thetis Bay anchorage to the Paktoa C-60 site. Initially, the plan was to drill one well in during the winter of 2005â2006 and, depending on the results, continue with three more wells during the next three winters. However, despite encouraging results, the well
679:
systems could not keep the vessel in place in moving first-year ice. This limited station-keeping ability shortened the drilling season in the
Beaufort Sea to about 100 days which was not sufficient to drill and test a typical well within one summer season. An alternative approach was to use
935:
at the
Fireweed site in 15 metres (50 ft) of water on 19 October 1990. The well was finished on 25 December 1990 and already on 11 January 1991 a second well for ARCO Alaska was spud at the Cabot site in 17 metres (55 ft) of water. After the well was completed on 26 February 1992,
735:
was impacted again by a large second-year ice floe, estimated to be 24 by 13 kilometres (14.9 by 8.1 mi) in size and 1.5 to 2 metres (4.9 to 6.6 ft) in thickness. During the winter, a grounded rubble field had again formed around the unit, shielding it from the colliding ice floe.
634:
of 319.3 metres (1,048 ft) and a beam of 53 metres (174 ft). The ship was propelled by a single fixed pitch propeller driven by a 36,000 hp (27,000 kW) double-reduction steam turbine, giving it a service speed of 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph).
1022:
over artificial islands to drill the first wildcat well in the
Canadian Beaufort Sea in 17 years. However, the last remaining vessels of the original Beaufort Sea offshore fleet had been sold overseas few years earlier, and the company had to charter the
915:
began on 23 September and ended on 19 December 1986. In the following year, the rig was moved to the Aurora site, where it drilled another well for
Tenneco in 21 metres (69 ft) of water between 2 November 1987 and 30 August 1988. Afterwards,
1141:
670:
with the intention of converting the oil tanker to an ice-resistant mobile offshore drilling unit that could continue exploratory drilling operations in the
Beaufort Sea beyond the short open-water season. Previously, the company had utilized
590:. Internally, the drilling unit can hold enough supplies to drill three to five wells depending on the well depth. In addition to drilling equipment, the topside includes two cranes, a helicopter platform, and accommodation for 90 workers.
874:
After the first two seasons, it was found out that constructing a perfectly flat underwater gravel berm at every drilling location was very time-consuming. In August 1986, before being deployed in the
American part of the Beaufort Sea,
991:, which completed the 600-nautical-mile (1,100 km; 690 mi) tow from Port Clarence in just 12 days. The preparations for the winter were stopped on 15 August for about two months to avoid disturbing the
1040:
drilled between 5 December 2005 and 19 March 2006 in 13 metres (43 ft) of water did not strike the multi-trillion-cubic-foot gas reservoir Devon was looking for, and the subsequent wells were cancelled.
731:
structural damage or movement relative to the seafloor was detected. The drilling of the well began on 28 October 1983 and was completed on 30 January 1984. On 25 June 1984, during the ice break-up,
995:
whaling season. Drilling of the well, located in only 11 metres (35 ft) of water, began on 6 December 2002 and was completed on 27 January 2003. With no immediate drilling work available for
1132:
completed the removal of the
Tarsiut caissons which had been stored in Thetis Bay since 1984. The empty steel caisson of Esso's caisson-retained island (CRI) is also still in Tuktoyaktuk.
1239:
1094:
is the last remaining complete drilling unit built for oil exploration in the Beaufort sea in the 1980s. The two other bottom-founded units, the concrete island drilling system (CIDS)
1398:
Timco, G.W. and Johnston, M.E. (2002): Caisson Structures in the Beaufort Sea 1982â1990: Characteristics, Instrumentation and Ice Loads. Technical Report CHC-TR-003. November 2002.
582:
On the topside, the single steel drilling caisson has a standard 20,000 square feet land rig. The drilling mast and substructure have a rated capacity of 1,300,000
979:
at the McCovey prospect off Alaska. After a month and a half of preparations, the rig was towed back to the Beaufort Sea in July 2002 by two icebreakers,
999:, the rig was towed to Thetis Bay where it had previously been stored for two winters. In 2003, the ownership of the drilling unit was passed to a
742:
1517:
1588:
1758:
1059:
1779:
1146:
1682:
1375:
1484:
944:, where it would not be trapped in Beaufort Sea ice if work could be found elsewhere. The Cabot well was also the last one drilled by
684:, either dredged islands with gradually sloping sides or sand-filled concrete structures resting on a subsea gravel berm. While
1652:
1360:. SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 5-8 October, San Francisco, California. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1983.
980:
861:
1727:
1607:
1269:
1217:
900:
1056:
has been cold stacked off Herschel Island, Canada. The rig can be seen in satellite photographs at approximately
586:
lbs and can be skidded to drill a well to the maximum depth of 25,000 feet (7,600 m) through any of the four
607:
579:
hp each for onboard power generation, but since it has no propulsion of its own, it has to be towed to location.
85:
1667:
568:
659:
185:
1096:
1347:. U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Alaska OCS Region. March 1984. Page IV-25.
567:
The hull of the single steel drilling caisson, which consists of the forward two thirds of the hull of a
941:
685:
1806:
1801:
1459:
1444:
948:
under Canadian ownership. In 1997, Amoco sold Canmar's former fleet of drilling units and offshore
676:
1585:
1501:
1358:
The Single Steel Drilling Caisson: A Novel Approach to Bottom-Founded Structures in Arctic Waters
623:
431:
338:
1742:
1712:
1429:
1345:
Proposed Diapir Field Lease Offering, June 1984: Final Environmental Impact Statement, Volume 1
1480:
1376:
Oil and Gas Exploration & Development Activity Forecast, Canadian Beaufort Sea 2012 â 2027
1121:
681:
556:
290:
139:
952:
to an international consortium of shipping companies. The drilling unit was re-registered to
953:
606:, the oil tanker that would one day be converted into an Arctic drilling unit, was built by
572:
475:
313:
232:
1637:
1697:
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1592:
921:
611:
89:
1357:
920:
was towed back to Canadian waters and stored in the sheltered waters of Thetis Bay near
622:
on 21 July 1971, launched on 24 January 1972 and completed on 20 April 1972. At 232,134
1553:
1414:
1332:. Journal of Petroleum Technology, Volume 37, Issue 12. Society of Petroleum Engineers.
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1125:
663:
631:
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1185:
992:
696:
419:
326:
263:
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Overwintering of Barges in the Beaufort - Assessing Ice Issues and Damage Potential
1015:
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520:
519:
that was built for year-round oil exploration in shallow ice-covered waters in the
267:
1313:
1142:
History of the petroleum industry in Canada (frontier exploration and development)
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332:
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Breaking Ice With Finesse: Oil & Gas Exploration in the Canadian Arctic
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that had been winterized for arctic conditions, but existing mooring and
643:
552:
238:
63:
1475:
Clark, Karin; Hetherington, Cory; O'Neill, Chris; Zavitz, Jana (1997),
1378:. LTLC Consulting in association with Salmo Consulting Inc. April 2012.
1000:
912:
250:
75:
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911:
was 4 metres (13 ft) below surface. Drilling of the well for
907:. The water depth was 17.5 metres (57 ft) and the top of the
726:
was used to drill an exploratory well at the Kogyuk N-67 site for
615:
93:
551:) in the early 1980s. It has been used to drill a total of eight
1743:
Marcon International Brokering Tarsiut Island Caissons in Arctic
932:
884:(23 and 79 ft) and in a wide variety of soil conditions.
1780:
Figure 4: Esso CRI overwintering in Tuktoyaktuk Harbour, 2012
1623:
The SDC makes 600 mile journey to McCovey prospect in 12 days
1330:
The Single Steel Drilling Caisson: A New Arctic Drilling Unit
1759:"ConocoPhillips Canada: Operating responsibly in the Arctic"
630:
was classified as a very large crude carrier (VLCC) with an
1670:. Graham Chandler, Far North Oil & Gas, Spring 2006.
1432:. Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.
931:
returned to the Alaska and began drilling a well for
975:
was recommissioned to drill an exploratory well for
940:
was placed in long-term storage ("cold stacked") at
1552:
1171:
1166:
1164:
1162:
642:was acquired by Fawley Tankers Ltd (today part of
1106:, have been converted to production platforms in
1653:Apex Says Beaufort Sea Wildcat Well to be Tested
1003:-registered company, SDC Drilling Inc, and both
1638:SDC at McCovey; will be cold-stacked by Aug. 15
1114:, and the floating conical drilling unit (CDU)
1044:was towed back to its anchorage at Thetis Bay.
1370:
1368:
1366:
1120:was sold for scrap after drifting aground off
1547:
1545:
1090:The mothballed single steel drilling caisson
8:
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1394:
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689:was intended to overcome these limitations.
1308:
1306:
1304:
707:, short for single steel drilling caisson.
1252:
1250:
1248:
1698:All systems go for Canadian Beaufort well
1479:, The Arctic Institute of North America,
879:was mated with a submersible barge named
719:, protecting it from direct ice contact.
1715:. Northern News Services, 26 June 2006.
1312:SDC drill ship returns to Beaufort Sea.
1497:
1495:
1462:. Canadian Stratigraphic Services Ltd.
1447:. Canadian Stratigraphic Services Ltd.
1430:Northern Oil and Gas Annual Report 2006
1240:Beaufort Sea: Exploration To Production
1235:
1233:
1158:
1534:New Technology Magazine, December 2005
1293:New Technology Magazine, December 2005
1287:
1285:
18:
1520:. Technical Report OCRE-TR-2012-008.
1417:. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management.
662:(Canmar), the drilling subsidiary of
575:D399 diesel generators rated at 1,000
7:
1610:. Maritime Journal, 1 January 2003.
1100:and the mobile arctic caisson (MAC)
899:was deployed at the Phoenix site in
389:16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph)
1147:Petroleum exploration in the Arctic
847:
833:
819:
710:After the conversion was complete,
379:Single shaft; fixed pitch propeller
1328:Hippman, A. and Kelly, W. (1985):
14:
1761:. ConocoPhillips. 9 November 2017
1516:Barker, A. and Timco, G. (2012):
1640:. Petroleum News, 31 July 2002.
846:
832:
818:
804:
790:
776:
762:
749:
748:
741:
722:During the winter of 1983â1984,
305:General characteristics (tanker)
243:
225:
207:
68:
1625:. Petroleum News, August 2002.
1586:SDC Management and Mobilization
913:Tenneco Oil Exploration Company
892:have not been separated since.
805:
763:
1745:. MarineLink, 13 August 2012.
1700:. Petroleum News, April 2005.
1415:Beaufort Sea Exploration Wells
1128:in 2012. Furthermore, in 2017
956:and its name was shortened to
791:
376:Double reduction steam turbine
55:Fawley Tankers Ltd (1977â1982)
1:
1683:Devon returns to the Beaufort
1314:Petroleum News, December 2001
777:
513:Single steel drilling caisson
186:Canadian Marine Drilling Ltd.
16:Arctic offshore drilling unit
535:, was converted from an old
523:. The unit, initially named
350:319.3 m (1,048 ft)
1685:. New Technology Magazine.
1502:Rig set for Herschel Island
1270:American Bureau of Shipping
1218:American Bureau of Shipping
1011:were reflagged to Liberia.
715:pile had formed around the
559:, the most recent in 2006.
1823:
1655:. Rigzone, 29 March 2006.
1504:. Northern News Services.
728:Gulf Canada Resources Ltd.
555:on both Canadian and U.S.
191:Seatankers Ltd (1997â2002)
149:Converted to drilling unit
1784:Retrieved 2018-03-18.
1747:Retrieved 2018-03-19.
1732:Retrieved 2015-10-25.
1717:Retrieved 2015-11-02.
1713:Devon takes next year off
1702:Retrieved 2015-11-04.
1687:Retrieved 2015-11-04.
1672:Retrieved 2015-11-02.
1657:Retrieved 2015-11-04.
1642:Retrieved 2015-11-04.
1627:Retrieved 2015-11-03.
1612:Retrieved 2015-11-04.
1597:Retrieved 2015-11-03.
1538:Retrieved 2018-11-17.
1522:Retrieved 2015-11-04.
1506:Retrieved 2015-11-02.
1464:Retrieved 2015-11-04.
1449:Retrieved 2015-11-04.
1434:Retrieved 2015-11-04.
1419:Retrieved 2015-11-02.
1318:Retrieved 2015-11-04.
1297:Retrieved 2015-11-04.
608:Kawasaki Heavy Industries
394:General characteristics (
393:
366:19.53 m (64 ft)
304:
153:
86:Kawasaki Heavy Industries
25:
21:
1532:Return to the Beaufort.
1356:Fitzpatrick, J. (1983):
1075:69.411600°N 138.897287°W
960:. The submersible barge
660:Canadian Marine Drilling
569:very large crude carrier
459:25.3 m (83 ft)
443:162 m (531 ft)
194:SDC Drilling Inc (2003â)
529:and later shortened to
451:53 m (174 ft)
358:53 m (174 ft)
1080:69.411600; -138.897287
1460:Log: DOME UVILUK P-66
1445:Log: GULF KOGYUK N-67
1242:. Devon Canada, 2005.
1097:Glomar Beaufort Sea I
942:Port Clarence, Alaska
1608:An Arctic Tow by ITC
977:Encana Oil & Gas
869:in the Beaufort Sea.
862:class=notpageimage|
658:In the early 1980s,
626:, the single-hulled
506:Accommodation for 90
1374:Callow, L. (2012):
1071: /
1035:) all the way from
895:In September 1986,
677:dynamic positioning
557:continental shelves
1591:2015-11-04 at the
682:artificial islands
1122:Sitkalidak Island
1029:Vladimir Ignatyuk
1014:Few years later,
971:Ten years later,
964:was also renamed
924:for two winters.
865:Wells drilled by
510:
509:
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1785:
1782:. ResearchGate.
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1728:Rig Data: SDC
1724:
1721:
1714:
1709:
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1699:
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1033:Arctic Kalvik
1030:
1026:
1021:
1017:
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1002:
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994:
990:
989:
984:
983:
982:Arctic Kalvik
978:
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863:
744:
737:
734:
729:
725:
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713:
708:
706:
702:
698:
697:Hitachi Zosen
695:was taken to
694:
690:
687:
683:
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669:
665:
661:
653:
651:
649:
645:
641:
636:
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337:232,134
336:
334:
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325:105,334
324:
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303:
299:
296:
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288:
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264:Hitachi Zosen
262:
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222:
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205:
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127:20 April 1972
126:
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107:
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54:
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44:
41:
38:
35:
34:
33:
30:
29:
24:
20:
1775:
1763:. Retrieved
1753:
1738:
1723:
1708:
1693:
1678:
1663:
1648:
1633:
1618:
1603:
1595:. SoltenXP.
1581:
1570:. Retrieved
1562:
1555:
1528:
1512:
1476:
1470:
1455:
1440:
1425:
1352:
1324:
1273:. Retrieved
1265:
1259:
1221:. Retrieved
1213:
1207:
1200:
1189:. Retrieved
1181:
1174:
1115:
1101:
1095:
1091:
1089:
1053:
1052:Since 2006,
1051:
1041:
1032:
1031:(the former
1028:
1019:
1016:Devon Canada
1013:
1008:
1004:
996:
987:
981:
972:
970:
965:
961:
957:
945:
937:
928:
926:
917:
908:
901:Harrison Bay
896:
894:
889:
885:
880:
876:
873:
866:
732:
723:
721:
716:
711:
709:
704:
699:shipyard in
692:
691:
667:
666:, purchased
657:
647:
640:Ujigawa Maru
639:
637:
628:Ujigawa Maru
627:
604:Ujigawa Maru
603:
602:
581:
566:
547:
546:
542:Ujigawa Maru
541:
540:
531:
530:
525:
524:
521:Beaufort Sea
512:
511:
430:39,189
424:22,878
418:76,260
395:
331:89,198
300:Cold stacked
170:
164:
111:21 July 1971
42:
37:Ujigawa Maru
36:
1765:29 December
1078: /
1066:138°53â˛50âłW
1027:icebreaker
950:icebreakers
933:ARCO Alaska
854:Paktoa C-60
840:Kogyuk N-67
826:Uviluk P-66
573:Caterpillar
563:Description
517:drill barge
476:Caterpillar
407:Drill barge
235:(1997â2003)
217:(1982â1997)
188:(1982â1997)
167:(1982â1997)
100:Yard number
45:(1977â1982)
39:(1972â1977)
1807:Drillships
1802:1972 ships
1796:Categories
1572:2015-10-25
1558:(8755481)"
1316:, page 5.
1275:2015-11-02
1266:ABS Record
1262:(8601280)"
1223:2015-10-25
1214:ABS Record
1210:(7221419)"
1191:2015-10-25
1177:(7206471)"
1175:World Saga
1153:References
1063:69°24â˛42âłN
693:World Saga
673:drillships
668:World Saga
648:World Saga
588:moon pools
548:World Saga
537:oil tanker
495:Propulsion
371:Propulsion
287:IMO number
136:IMO number
43:World Saga
927:In 1990,
654:1982â2006
638:In 1977,
620:laid down
599:1971â1982
553:oil wells
275:Completed
124:Completed
108:Laid down
1589:Archived
1136:See also
1108:Sakhalin
1103:Molikpaq
1037:Murmansk
1001:Liberian
756:Fireweed
644:BW Group
545:, later
239:Monrovia
116:Launched
64:Monrovia
1563:Sea-web
1182:Sea-web
1124:in the
1025:Russian
993:bowhead
988:Kigoria
812:McCovey
770:Phoenix
612:Sakaide
594:History
478:D399 (6
413:Tonnage
363:Draught
320:Tonnage
291:8755481
289::
270:, Japan
260:Builder
253:(2003â)
251:Liberia
173:(1997â)
154:History
140:7206471
138::
90:Sakaide
82:Builder
76:Liberia
26:History
1483:
1260:SDC II
1117:Kulluk
1112:Russia
1018:chose
1009:SDC II
966:SDC II
905:Alaska
798:Aurora
584:
577:
488:
484:
480:
473:
469:
440:Length
347:Length
297:Status
248:
230:
221:Majuro
215:Canada
212:
73:
784:Cabot
701:Sakai
616:Japan
515:is a
486:1,000
456:Depth
386:Speed
268:Sakai
180:Owner
94:Japan
52:Owner
1767:2019
1481:ISBN
1007:and
985:and
946:SSDC
938:SSDC
929:SSDC
918:SSDC
897:SSDC
888:and
886:SSDC
877:SSDC
867:SSDC
733:SSDC
724:SSDC
717:SSDC
712:SSDC
705:SSDC
526:SSDC
503:Crew
498:None
448:Beam
403:Type
396:SSDC
355:Beam
310:Type
278:1982
165:SSDC
159:Name
146:Fate
103:1164
31:Name
1556:SDC
1208:SDC
1092:SDC
1054:SDC
1042:SDC
1020:SDC
1005:SDC
997:SDC
973:SDC
962:MAT
958:SDC
909:MAT
890:MAT
881:MAT
650:.
610:in
532:SDC
490:hp)
432:DWT
339:DWT
171:SDC
1798::
1565:.
1561:.
1544:^
1536:.
1494:^
1403:^
1383:^
1365:^
1337:^
1303:^
1295:.
1284:^
1268:.
1264:.
1247:^
1232:^
1216:.
1212:.
1184:.
1180:.
1161:^
1110:,
1087:.
968:.
903:,
614:,
426:NT
420:GT
333:NT
327:GT
266:,
241:,
223:,
92:,
88:,
66:,
1769:.
1575:.
1554:"
1278:.
1258:"
1226:.
1206:"
1194:.
1173:"
539:(
482:Ă
471:Ă
467:6
398:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.