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22:
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513:, was established in 1963 and is located in a large palazzo on Via del Monte della Farina which also serves as the administrative and rehearsal base of the Sistine Choir. In addition to training in singing and music, it provides the standard Italian education curriculum for children from the ages of 9 to 13. The boys are not paid for singing at papal functions, but receive their education at the school free of charge.
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219:. They accused him of appointing singers without papal permission and without an audition. The most egregious of such appointments was Ottavio Gemelli who was later suspended for thievery. They also complained that Magnasco held back the salaries of several singers without justification and prohibited others from even entering the Sistine Chapel. In November 1550, Julius III ousted Magnansco as
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were "deemed by many to be a sacrilegious mockery of the Church." The affair also sparked complaints from some of the boys' parents. In June of that year the choir's planned multi-city tour of the United States was abruptly cancelled. The choir's administrator, Michelangelo
Nardella, was suspended in
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Under
Bartolucci, the choir had begun participating in radio and television broadcasts as well as regular international tours, including a 17-city tour of the United States in 1986. It was a trend that continued under Palombella. The choir made its first tour of Asia in 2014 and released three studio
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on 19 January 2019, the
Sistine Chapel Choir was placed under the administration of the Office of Pontifical Liturgical Celebrations. Mons. Guido Marini, the master of ceremonies for papal liturgies, was tasked with drafting new statutes for the choir. Nardella was replaced by Archbishop Guido Pozzo
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was appointed joint perpetual director of the choir. At the time Perosi was only 26, but already had a considerable reputation as a composer of sacred music. MustafĂ had thought that Perosi would carry on the musical traditions of the choir that had guided him. However, Perosi was an adherent of the
405:. In reprisals against those suspected of supporting or sympathizing with the Republicans, Montecchiani was dismissed from the choir, while Chiari, Poli and MustafĂ were made to undergo "spiritual exercises" before resuming their activities with the choir. Further disruption came in 1870 when the
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label between 2015 and 2017. June 2012 marked the first time in its history that the
Sistine Choir performed jointly in a papal function with another choir from outside the Vatican. The occasion was a Papal Mass celebrated in St Peter's Basilica by Pope Benedict sung by the Sistine Choir and the
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stipulated that henceforth castrati would no longer be accepted into the choir. MustafĂ retired as perpetual director of the choir in
January 1903 leaving Perosi the sole director. The remaining castrati gradually died, retired, or were pensioned off. Moreschi, the youngest of the six remaining
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were defeated by the French forces who occupied Rome and placed the Pope under house arrest. Travel to Italy, especially for those from the countries at war with
Napoleon, became difficult. The number of foreign visitors who once flocked to Rome to hear the choir in the 18th century drastically
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were known to have authorized copies. According to multiple biographies of Mozart and based largely on accounts by his father, the young Mozart wrote down the score from memory after hearing it at the 11 April performance. He later declaimed it to one of the choir's singers who recognized it
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which eschewed the operatic and theatrical style of church music which had been ascendant on the 18th and 19th centuries. He was also strongly against using castrati in the choir and wished to replace them with boy singers. At Perosi's urging, a Papal decree of 3 February 1902 by
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c.1553, he decreed that no new singers would be taken on until the choir was reduced by attrition to 24 members, after which new members were required to pass a strict audition. However, Julius III defied his own reforms when in
January 1555, he appointed his favourite composer,
372:, one of the choir's most famous composers. According to music historian Richard Boursy, the book enhanced not only the reputation of Palestrina but also that of Baini and the choir itself, adding to the mystique it still held in the first half of the 19th century.
509:, and further increased the emphasis on Palestrina's music, on which he was an authority. He also strengthened the adult choir, created a dedicated rehearsal space for them, and established a school for the choir's boy singers. The choir school, known as the
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in 2013: the Mass for the
Election of the Roman Pontiff, the entry of the Cardinal-Electors into the Sistine Chapel, Pope Francis's Mass with the Cardinal-Electors, and the Mass in St. Peter's Square for his coronation on 19 March 2013. Label:
417:. The choir finally received a perpetual director in 1878 when Pius IX appointed MustafĂ to the post. MustafĂ , who had entered the choir in 1845, had been a virtuoso soprano castrato in his prime and was also a composer and skilled conductor.
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The fault lies above all with the pseudo-intellectuals who have engineered this denigration of the liturgy, and thus of music, overthrowing and despising the heritage of the past with the idea of obtaining who knows what advantage for the
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The choir in 1898, which included seven castrato singers: 1 Giovanni Cesari. 2 Domenico
Salvatori. 3 Domenico MustafĂ . 4 Alessandro Moreschi. 5 Vincenzo Sebastianelli. 6 Gustavo Pesci. 7 Giuseppe Ritarossi.
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in 1871, the castration of boy singers was made illegal. In a group photograph of the choir taken in 1898 (see upper-left), there were six castrati choristers left, apart from
Mustafa who had retired from
194:). It initially consisted of between 16 and 24 singers with the men singing the bass, tenor, and alto parts and pre-adolescent boys singing the soprano parts, although from the mid-16th century, adult
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During the 19th century, the ever-increasing popularity of opera made it difficult for the choir to attract highly skilled singers who could make more money on the operatic stage. As early as 1830,
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as the choir's administrator, but for a time Palombella retained his post as the choir's musical director. In July 2019 Palombella resigned as director of the choir. Marcos Pavan, who leads the
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in August 1903 further cemented his position. Under his direction the last remaining castrati were phased out, and a stable 30-voice boys choir was added. The choir's music focused once again on
253:, and Leonardo Barré, were dismissed with pensions. Nevertheless, according to musicologist Richard Sherr, Palestrina "more than any other composer was to personify music in the Sistine Chapel."
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57:(from whom both the choir and the chapel in which it performs take their names). Although it was established in the late 15th century, its roots go back to the 4th century and the reign of
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July when the Vatican opened an investigation into alleged money laundering, fraud and embezzlement involving both Nardella and Palombella and related to the choir's foreign tours. In a
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complained of the quality of the singing. The problem was exacerbated as the supply of castrato singers, the mainstays of the virtuoso soprano parts, began to dry up. With the
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Julius III was also keen to reduce the size of the choir which had been bloated by the patronage system and contained many members who were singers in name only. In an undated
92:. Since the late 20th century, in addition to its papal duties, the choir has undertaken international tours, participated in radio and television broadcasts, and recorded for
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at the time, Ludovico Magnasco, petitioning for a new constitution. It was argued that new constitution was needed because all previous copies had been destroyed in the
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215:. Written largely "from memory" with a few additions, it was completed on 17 November 1545. Five years later, the singers rebelled against Magnasco and appealed to
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brought the papal court back to Rome in 1377 bringing with him his choir which consisted largely of French singers and amalgamated it with what was left of the old
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who had served as his deputy since 1952. Bartolucci reorganised the choir's musical arrangements, adding some of his own works to the repertoire, including his
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in the Sistine Chapel. Allegri, who had been a singer in the Sistine Chapel Choir, had composed the piece in 1638. A complex nine-part choral work, the Allegri
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357:, foreign travelers returned to Rome, and hearing a performance by the choir, especially during Holy Week, was considered on important stop on their tour.
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Following Baini's death the choir remained without a permanent director ("perpetual director" in the choir's terminology) for over 30 years. The
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service on the Wednesday and Friday of every Holy Week. The score was closely guarded, and its publication was forbidden by the choir on pain of
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498:. Perosi served as the choir's director until his death in 1956, although his tenure was periodically interrupted by bouts of mental illness.
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promulgated on 30 July 1555, he decreed that married men could no longer be members of the choir. Palestrina and two other married singers,
176:, who reigned from 1471 to 1484, established the Cappella Musicale Pontificia as his permanent personal choir. It sang in the chapel of the
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524:. In 1997, at the instigation of Piero Marini, the master of pontifical ceremonies, Bartolucci was replaced as director of the choir with
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repertory, which at the time was passed down by oral tradition. Under Pope Gregory the course of study was said to be nine years. When
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534:, Bartolucci discussed what he considered the deleterious effect that Vatican II and subsequent developments had had on church music:
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which reorganized the choir's structure and finances. It established the College of Singers as a legal entity, required that the
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on 9 February 1849 in thanksgiving for the Republican victory—Alessandro Montecchiani, Giovanni Poli, Alessandro Chiari and
241:, to the choir without an audition. Palestrina's time in the choir, which he also conducted, was cut short when the austere
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Papal patronage of music, and especially singing, dates to the 4th century when, according to 9th-century written accounts,
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Domenico MustafĂ 's leadership of the choir and the careers of its castrati singers came to a close beginning in 1898 when
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88:) are not paid when performing at papal functions, but receive a free education at their own school in Rome, known as the
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The choir's composition and numbers have fluctuated over the centuries. However, the modern choir comprises twenty men (
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2007:
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become the first woman to perform inside the Sistine Chapel in November 2017 when she sang with the Sistine Choir in
202:, one of the greatest composers of the Renaissance, served as its composer and directed the choir from 1486 to 1494.
1684:"'The singers of the said chapel are chaplains of the pope': Some remarks on the papal chapel in early modern times"
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ushered in a period of disruption for the choir. It was suspended under the Roman Republic. When the Republic fell,
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Like his predecessors and his successor, Magnansco was a high-ranking cleric and not a musician. He had been the
441:(1843–1904), Vincenzo Sebastianelli (1851–1919), Gustavo Pesci (1833–1913), and Giuseppe Ritarossi (1841–1902).
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520:(1962-65) which resulted in the introduction of folk and popular music to the liturgy, a trend continued under
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585:. In September of that year, the choir made its first visit to the United States in 30 years, performing at
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be a singer elected by his peers, and entrusted the secular welfare of the choir to a "cardinal protector".
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singers began to replace the boy singers. The choir was to become the most important center of Roman music.
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castrati choristers photographed in 1898, remained on the choir's books until his retirement in 1913.
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790:(2014) – live recordings of the music sung by the Sistine Chapel Choir before, during and after the
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which detailed new regulations for the performance of liturgical music in the Roman Catholic Church
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returned to Rome, and the choir resumed its activities. However, four of its members had sung in a
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53:. One of the oldest choirs in the world, it was constituted as the Pope's personal choir by
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with members of the Sistine Chapel choir and its director Massimo Palombella which aired on
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in the early 19th century almost led to the disintegration of the choir. The armies of the
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Bartolucci was deeply opposed to the changes in liturgy and church music brought about by
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573:. The two choirs also sang together at Westminster Abbey in May 2015 and again in 2018.
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Former boy singers of the choir, most of whom became opera singers as adults include:
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Memorie storico-critiche della vita e delle opere di Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
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in May 2018 where many of the celebrity guests dressed in costumes that according to
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and the renewed interest in Italian history and culture fueled by the writers of the
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moved the papacy from Rome to Avignon in 1309, he formed his own choir in Avignon.
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was considered one of the choir's most famous pieces and was performed during the
1079:, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 277-329. Retrieved 8 November 2018 (subscription required).
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in Italian, is the Pope's personal choir. It performs at papal functions in the
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1393:"Sistine Chapel breaks 500-year gender taboo to welcome soprano into the choir"
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which Sixtus had renovated to become his private chapel, originally called the
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188:. The choir was and remains all-male and sang without musical accompaniment (
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1415:"Sistine Chapel Choir joins Choir of Westminster Abbey for Evensong tonight"
1330:"I Had a Dream: The Music of Palestrina and Gregory the Great Had Come Back"
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The choirloft of the Sistine Chapel in the early 17th century, depicted by
994:
Cunningham, Lawrence S.; Reich, John J.; and Fichner-Rathus, Lois (2014).
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1053:, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 606-618, 620, 624, 626-629. (subscription required)
1045:"Competence and Incompetence in the Papal Choir in the Age of Palestrina"
880:(2019) – Lent and Holy Week music by Palestrina, Tomas Luis de Victoria,
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In April 1545, the members of the choir sent a delegation to the choir's
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and in any other church in Rome where the Pope is officiating, including
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1485:"Vatican choir involved in financial scandal, Italian newspaper reports"
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The ascendance to the papacy of Perosi's mentor and fellow Cecilianist,
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73:
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84:) is composed of professional singers. The members of the boys choir (
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1847:
1540:"Director of papal Sistine Chapel Choir concludes his term of office"
289:
30:
1466:"Maestro quits pope’s choir as financial scandal strikes wrong note"
1371:"Sistine Chapel Choir makes its Hong Kong debut but misses mainland"
1338:(English translation by Matthew Sherry). Retrieved 11 November 2018.
1021:"A Curious Incident in the Institutional History of the Papal Choir"
955:
165:
Ludovico Magnasco receiving the new constitution for the choir from
2824:
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2469:
2405:
1782:
1504:"Leaders of Sistine Chapel Choir Face Vatican Fraud Investigation"
1155:"When Domenico Mustafà “betrayed” by singing for the Triumvirates"
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160:
65:
20:
1641:"Prefiro ser um patinho feio que depois se transforma num cisne!"
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Papal Music and Musicians in Late Medieval and Renaissance Rome
626:(the boys section of the choir) was named as interim director.
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1071:"The Mystique of the Sistine Chapel Choir in the Romantic Era"
830:. Label: Deutsche Grammophon (the choir's first studio album)
591:
Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception
337:
immediately, a feat which caused a sensation at the time.
1565:, Vol. 33. Treccani. Online version retrieved 2 March 2020
141:
s continuance in Rome by turning property over to it. When
41:, as it is generally called in English, or officially the
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during his reign (590–604). The purpose of the Gregorian
1120:. Robert Appleton Company. Online version retrieved via
997:
Culture and Values: A Survey of the Western Humanities
600:
More controversial was the choir's performance at the
137:
fled to Lyon in the 13th century, he provided for the
129:
was to teach both singing techniques and the existing
1729:
Video: The Sistine Chapel Choir singing Palestrina's
1141:. Yale University Library. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
560:
to replace Liberto as the choir's musical director.
1257:, pp. 81, 310, 329. University of California Press.
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Santa Maria della PietĂ in Camposanto dei Teutonici
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Transcript and photographs from "The Pope's Choir"
1692:, Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 15-24 (subscription required)
1599:"For a Daredevil Tenor, Opera Is a Lifelong Thrill"
552:, who had been Bartolucci's sole supporter on the
300:, and that evening they attended a performance of
113:constituted company of singers, under the name of
2573:Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province
1523:"What is happening with the Sistine Chapel Choir?
1447:"How the Vatican Became Enmeshed in the Met Gala"
860:, Palestrina, Allegri, Tomas Luis de Victoria,
536:
43:Coro della Cappella Musicale Pontificia Sistina
1957:The Fall and Expulsion from the Garden of Eden
1254:The Castrato: Reflections on Natures and Kinds
264:from 1543. The situation changed in 1586 when
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8:
1703:Official website of the Sistine Chapel Choir
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1385:
1349:"Sistine Chapel Choir Delivers Classic Show"
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2135:Restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes
1913:
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1618:"«Arrivederci Rascel» piccolo grande mito"
1502:Povoledo, Elisabetta (13 September 2018).
1197:
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3678:Santi Martino e Sebastiano degli Svizzeri
1934:The Creation of the Sun, Moon, and Plants
1281:"Cardinal Domenico Bartolucci - obituary"
556:when he was dismissed in 1997, appointed
387:and the establishment of the short-lived
385:revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states
349:declined. Following Napoleon's defeat at
296:arrived in Rome on 11 April 1770. It was
2514:Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
1639:Fernandes, Cristina (27 February 2004).
1580:"Salvatore Baccaloni, Basso Buffo, Dies"
1521:Gagliarducci, Andrea (21 January 2019).
1297:
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1013:
456:, the choir's director from 1898 to 1956
2558:Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church
2553:Successor of the Prince of the Apostles
1708:Official website of the Schola Puerorum
1303:"New Director for Sistine Chapel Choir"
1272:
1270:
946:
856:(2017) – Advent and Christmas music by
810:(2015) – Gregorian chants and music by
1426:Brunson, Matthew (23 September 2017).
1391:Giuffrida, Angela (19 November 2017).
1927:The Separation of Light from Darkness
1616:Venegoni, Marinella (25 April 2012).
7:
1682:Annibaldi, Claudio (February 2011).
1562:Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani
2578:Sovereign of the Vatican City State
1820:The Punishment of the Sons of Korah
1347:Reich, Howard (29 September 1986).
920:, the choir of St. Peter's Basilica
634:Past members of the choir include:
2499:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
2476:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
16:Vatican City Pope's personal choir
14:
3959:Postage stamps and postal history
1578:Henahan, Donal (1 January 1970).
1094:, p. 135. Yale University Press.
1000:, , Vol. 2, pp. 418–419. Cengage
413:and caused the suspension of the
4305:
4293:
4100:Philatelic and Numismatic Office
3182:
3170:
2246:
2234:
1940:The Separation of Land and Water
1836:
1464:Roberts, Hannah (12 July 2019).
1043:Sherr, Richard (November 1994).
1027:, pp. 187–210. Clarendon Press.
700:Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
239:Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
1597:Nayerim Farah (11 April 2019).
1555:Antolini, Bianca Maria (1987).
1483:Sorgi, Gregorio (3 July 2018).
1069:Boursy, Richard (Summer 1993).
157:Establishment and early history
3488:Stufetta del cardinal Bibbiena
3284:Vicar General for Vatican City
2583:Servant of the servants of God
1207:. pp. 111–113; 123–126. Haus.
607:The National Catholic Register
1:
3445:Monument to the Royal Stuarts
3341:Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi
1734:(official YouTube channel of
1538:Gomes, Robin (10 July 2019).
1512:. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
1455:. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
1445:Pentin. Edward (9 May 2018).
1436:. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
1417:. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
1401:. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
1379:. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
1357:. Retrieved 27 November 2018.
1311:. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
1289:. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
1088:Albert, Hermann (1923/2007).
985:. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
593:in Washington, D.C., and the
245:ascended to the papacy. In a
3739:Santo Stefano degli Abissini
2606:Coat of arms of the Holy See
2509:Basilica of Saint Mary Major
1871:The Vocation of the Apostles
1827:Testament and Death of Moses
1813:The Descent from Mount Sinai
1546:. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
1529:. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
1474:. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
1163:. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
872:. Label: Deutsche Grammophon
848:. Label: Deutsche Grammophon
4128:Vatican Information Service
3968:Secretariat for the Economy
3824:Cardinal Secretary of State
3566:Modern and Contemporary Art
3108:Pontifical colleges in Rome
1806:The Crossing of the Red Sea
1667:"Pietro Spagnoli, baritone"
1493:. Retrieved 30 January 2020
1226:Marguccio, Antonio (2015).
1204:Moreschi: The Last Castrato
528:. In a 2006 interview with
494:period, especially that of
4349:
4258:Amateur Sports Association
3702:San Pellegrino in Vaticano
3629:Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri
3189:Catholic Church portal
2423:properties of the Holy See
2130:Art patronage of Julius II
1452:National Catholic Register
1433:National Catholic Register
1201:Clapton, Nicholas (2004).
258:Bishop of Castro del Lazio
4288:
4150:Vatican Television Center
4022:
3929:
3770:
3668:Mater Ecclesiae Monastery
3378:
3241:
3165:
2301:
2166:
2156:The Agony and the Ecstasy
1864:The Temptations of Christ
1834:
1669:. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
1649:. Retrieved 2 March 2020
1626:. Retrieved 2 March 2020
1607:. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
1588:. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
1301:Staff (18 October 2010).
1182:Dwight's Journal of Music
1133:Manton, Jonathan (2010).
1117:The Catholic Encyclopedia
1076:The Journal of Musicology
334:Giovanni Battista Martini
286:their first trip to Italy
4162:Vatican Publishing House
3467:Redemptoris Mater Chapel
3319:Old St. Peter's Basilica
1885:The Delivery of the Keys
1376:South China Morning Post
1251:Feldman, Martha (2016).
906:Francisco Gabriel Gálvez
501:Perosi was succeeded by
29:(here in a 1848 copy by
4300:Vatican City portal
3712:Via della Conciliazione
3308:Prisoner in the Vatican
3177:Vatican City portal
2241:Vatican City portal
1972:The Drunkenness of Noah
1878:The Sermon on the Mount
1792:Moses Leaving for Egypt
1557:"De Angelis, Nazzareno"
1112:"Abbate Giuseppe Baini"
1019:Sherr, Richard (1998).
978:Encyclopædia Britannica
705:Marc'Antonio Pasqualini
640:Andrea Adami da Bolsena
587:St. Patrick's Cathedral
571:Westminster Abbey Choir
330:King John V of Portugal
280:18th and 19th centuries
184:and later known as the
4312:Catholicism portal
4274:National football team
4268:National football team
4168:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
3860:For Vatican City State
3022:for Vatican City State
2652:Apostolic constitution
2253:Catholicism portal
2211:Bartolomeo della Gatta
954:Otten, Joseph (1912).
842:by Palestrina and his
828:Tomas Luis de Victoria
541:
457:
409:permanently ended the
380:
223:and replaced him with
170:
34:
4123:Holy See Press Office
3908:Corps of Firefighters
3683:Paul VI Audience Hall
3634:Domus Sanctae Marthae
3406:St. Peter's Baldachin
3336:Cortile del Belvedere
3302:History of the papacy
3145:Sexually active popes
3096:Pontifical university
2840:Ring of the Fisherman
2679:Ecclesiastical letter
2674:Apostolic exhortation
2563:Patriarch of the West
2548:Vicar of Jesus Christ
1962:The Sacrifice of Noah
1857:The Baptism of Christ
1369:(22 September 2014).
963:Catholic Encyclopedia
957:"Sistine Choir"
930:, Pope Pius X's 1903
452:
415:First Vatican Council
378:
164:
24:
4333:Sistine Chapel Choir
4184:L'Osservatore Romano
4093:Sistine Chapel Choir
3897:Corps of Gendarmerie
3722:Porta San Pellegrino
3673:Sant'Egidio in Borgo
3401:Chair of Saint Peter
3393:St. Peter's Basilica
3361:Piazza Scossacavalli
3140:Popes by nationality
3056:Sistine Chapel Choir
2990:College of Cardinals
2621:Regalia and insignia
2504:St. Peter's Basilica
2190:Domenico Ghirlandaio
2140:Sistine Chapel Choir
1946:The Creation of Adam
1527:Catholic News Agency
1175:(16 February 1878).
1160:L'Osservatore Romano
927:Tra le sollecitudini
845:Missa Papae Marcelli
746:Nazzareno De Angelis
426:unification of Italy
80:). The men's choir (
51:St. Peter's Basilica
39:Sistine Chapel Choir
4175:Annuario Pontificio
4027:Academy of Sciences
3586:Gregoriano Egiziano
1952:The Creation of Eve
1736:Deutsche Grammophon
1232:pp. 98–99. Aletti.
1229:Cantate al Signore!
1153:(29 January 2012).
801:Deutsche Grammophon
751:Salvatore Baccaloni
725:Gaspar van Weerbeke
720:Giuseppe Santarelli
685:Alessandro Moreschi
595:Detroit Opera House
566:Deutsche Grammophon
503:Domenico Bartolucci
435:Alessandro Moreschi
332:, and the composer
274:maestro di cappella
251:Domenico Ferrabosco
221:maestro di cappella
208:maestro di cappella
121:was reorganized by
94:Deutsche Grammophon
72:) and thirty boys (
3939:Vatican euro coins
3734:Saint John's Tower
3707:St. Peter's Square
3656:Collegio Teutonico
3639:Holy Spirit Chapel
3601:Bramante Staircase
3581:Gregoriano Etrusco
3423:Saint Peter's tomb
3418:Vatican Necropolis
3277:List of sovereigns
3091:Pontifical academy
3086:Orders of chivalry
1799:The Youth of Moses
1715:, an interview by
1428:"The Pope's Choir"
1279:(1 December 2013)
1110:Otten, J. (1907).
898:Francesco Rosselli
771:Giuseppe Sabbatini
737:Former boy singers
715:Domenico Salvatori
695:Marbrianus de Orto
660:Odoardo Ceccarelli
558:Massimo Palombella
458:
431:Domenico Salvatori
381:
288:, the 14-year-old
171:
35:
4320:
4319:
4280:Vatican Athletics
4246:
4245:
4198:
4197:
4054:Apostolic Archive
4009:
4008:
3916:
3915:
3779:Foreign relations
3757:
3756:
3729:Ricciolo d'Italia
3697:Passetto di Borgo
3661:Teutonic Cemetery
3614:
3613:
3472:Borgia Apartments
3453:
3452:
3433:Tomb of the Julii
3197:
3196:
2964:Prelate of Honour
2531:
2435:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2261:
2260:
2180:Sandro Botticelli
2095:The Last Judgment
2082:
2081:
1663:Royal Opera House
1411:Westminster Abbey
1135:"Giuseppe Baini:
1124:January 30, 2020.
983:"Schola cantorum"
890:Orlande de Lassus
882:Francesco Soriano
589:in New York, the
550:Pope Benedict XVI
522:Pope John Paul II
467:Cecilian Movement
360:The composer and
326:Emperor Leopold I
225:Girolamo Maccabei
213:1527 sack of Rome
4340:
4310:
4309:
4298:
4297:
4296:
4157:Vatican News App
4111:
4020:
3927:
3850:Apostolic Camera
3768:
3744:Vatican Pharmacy
3689:The Resurrection
3506:Niccoline Chapel
3496:Cappella Paolina
3482:Papal apartments
3459:Apostolic Palace
3440:Vatican Grottoes
3389:
3380:
3376:
3224:
3217:
3210:
3201:
3187:
3186:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3012:Apostolic Camera
2969:Prince assistant
2895:Sedia gestatoria
2568:Primate of Italy
2527:
2458:Papal apartments
2453:Apostolic Palace
2420:extraterritorial
2376:
2325:
2288:
2281:
2274:
2265:
2251:
2250:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2195:Biagio d'Antonio
2113:Raphael Cartoons
2052:Erythraean Sibyl
1914:
1840:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1743:
1725:in December 2016
1670:
1660:
1654:
1652:
1637:
1631:
1629:
1614:
1608:
1595:
1589:
1576:
1570:
1568:
1553:
1547:
1536:
1530:
1519:
1513:
1500:
1494:
1481:
1475:
1462:
1456:
1443:
1437:
1424:
1418:
1408:
1402:
1389:
1380:
1364:
1358:
1345:
1339:
1328:(21 July 2006).
1326:Magister, Sandro
1323:
1312:
1299:
1290:
1274:
1265:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1224:
1215:
1199:
1186:
1170:
1164:
1148:
1142:
1131:
1125:
1108:
1102:
1086:
1080:
1067:
1054:
1041:
1035:
1017:
1008:
992:
986:
974:
968:
967:
959:
951:
886:Cipriano de Rore
878:O Crux Benedicta
820:Orlando di Lasso
761:Vittorio Grigolo
710:Josquin des Prez
690:Domenico MustafĂ
650:Jacques Arcadelt
645:Gregorio Allegri
526:Giuseppe Liberto
507:Missa de Angelis
403:Domenico MustafĂ
262:Bishop of Assisi
200:Josquin des Prez
178:Apostolic Palace
111:Pope Sylvester I
59:Pope Sylvester I
4348:
4347:
4343:
4342:
4341:
4339:
4338:
4337:
4323:
4322:
4321:
4316:
4304:
4294:
4292:
4284:
4242:
4216:
4212:Catholic Church
4194:
4109:
4105:Public holidays
4005:
3977:
3912:
3883:
3831:
3804:
3799:Fundamental Law
3753:
3619:Gregorian Tower
3610:
3548:Vatican Museums
3542:
3477:Clementine Hall
3449:
3365:
3288:
3237:
3228:
3198:
3193:
3181:
3171:
3169:
3161:
3130:Canonised popes
3060:
3051:Cappella Giulia
2978:
2942:Papal majordomo
2904:
2878:
2781:
2688:
2635:
2587:
2526:
2518:
2491:Major basilicas
2485:
2427:
2382:
2374:
2356:Diocese of Rome
2331:
2314:
2297:
2292:
2262:
2257:
2245:
2235:
2233:
2223:
2206:Luca Signorelli
2201:Piero di Cosimo
2197:
2185:Cosimo Rosselli
2175:Pietro Perugino
2162:
2118:
2100:
2078:
2032:
1976:
1918:
1905:
1897:
1892:The Last Supper
1841:
1832:
1776:
1770:
1699:
1679:
1677:Further reading
1674:
1673:
1661:
1657:
1651:(in Portuguese)
1650:
1638:
1634:
1627:
1615:
1611:
1596:
1592:
1577:
1573:
1566:
1554:
1550:
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1533:
1520:
1516:
1501:
1497:
1482:
1478:
1471:Financial Times
1463:
1459:
1444:
1440:
1425:
1421:
1413:(25 May 2018).
1409:
1405:
1390:
1383:
1365:
1361:
1354:Chicago Tribune
1346:
1342:
1324:
1315:
1300:
1293:
1286:Daily Telegraph
1275:
1268:
1250:
1246:
1240:
1225:
1218:
1200:
1189:
1171:
1167:
1149:
1145:
1132:
1128:
1109:
1105:
1087:
1083:
1068:
1057:
1042:
1038:
1018:
1011:
993:
989:
975:
971:
966:. Vol. 14.
953:
952:
948:
943:
918:Cappella Giulia
914:
870:Jacobus Clemens
862:Josquin Desprez
784:
776:Pietro Spagnoli
739:
734:
680:Antimo Liberati
675:Bruno Filippini
665:Giovanni Cesari
632:
575:Cecilia Bartoli
546:
511:Schola Puerorum
484:Gregorian chant
447:
439:Giovanni Cesari
407:Capture of Rome
342:Napoleonic Wars
322:excommunication
292:and his father
282:
217:Pope Julius III
159:
151:schola cantorum
115:schola cantorum
107:
102:
90:Schola Puerorum
17:
12:
11:
5:
4346:
4344:
4336:
4335:
4325:
4324:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4314:
4302:
4289:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4282:
4277:
4271:
4265:
4260:
4254:
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4230:
4224:
4222:
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4132:
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4130:
4119:
4117:
4108:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4085:
4084:
4083:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4061:Climate Forest
4058:
4057:
4056:
4046:
4041:
4040:
4039:
4034:
4023:
4017:
4011:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3996:
3985:
3983:
3982:Infrastructure
3979:
3978:
3976:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3962:
3961:
3954:Poste Vaticane
3951:
3944:Communications
3941:
3936:
3930:
3924:
3918:
3917:
3914:
3913:
3911:
3910:
3904:
3899:
3893:
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3874:
3869:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3852:
3841:
3839:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3827:Pietro Parolin
3821:
3812:
3810:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3796:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3765:
3759:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3725:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3664:
3663:
3658:
3648:
3643:
3642:
3641:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3571:Pio-Clementino
3568:
3563:
3558:
3552:
3550:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3540:
3539:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3521:Sistine Chapel
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3463:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3415:
3408:
3403:
3397:
3395:
3386:
3384:Major basilica
3373:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3346:Lateran Treaty
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3316:
3314:Circus of Nero
3311:
3304:
3298:
3296:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3253:
3248:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3219:
3212:
3204:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3179:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3155:Western Schism
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3113:Major Seminary
3105:
3104:
3103:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3082:
3081:
3072:Papal nobility
3068:
3066:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3025:
3024:
3014:
3004:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2986:
2984:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2934:
2929:
2920:
2914:
2912:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2886:
2884:
2883:Transportation
2880:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2859:
2857:Sub-cinctorium
2854:
2853:
2852:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2791:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2774:
2773:
2772:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2721:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2696:
2694:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2654:
2649:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2616:Keys of Heaven
2613:
2608:
2603:
2597:
2595:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2543:Bishop of Rome
2540:
2534:
2532:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2495:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2473:
2467:
2466:
2465:
2463:Sistine Chapel
2460:
2450:
2443:
2441:
2437:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2425:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2411:Lateran Treaty
2394:
2392:
2373:
2372:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2368:
2339:
2337:
2334:Full communion
2322:
2316:
2315:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2283:
2276:
2268:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2255:
2243:
2230:
2229:
2227:Pope Sixtus IV
2224:
2218:
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4263:Cricket team
4233:Coat of arms
4182:
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4140:Vatican News
4092:
4066:Demographics
4044:Architecture
4032:AT telescope
3749:Vatican Hill
3687:
3596:Ethnographic
3486:
3410:
3331:Leonine City
3231:Vatican City
3055:
2900:Shepherd One
2760:Inauguration
2725:Urbi et Orbi
2723:
2538:His Holiness
2447:Vatican City
2440:Headquarters
2380:Vatican City
2342:
2320:Jurisdiction
2216:Michelangelo
2170:
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2139:
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2073:Libyan Sibyl
2071:
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2050:
2043:
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2018:
2013:
2006:
2001:
1994:
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1971:
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1890:
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1628:(in Italian)
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843:
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807:
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787:
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633:
630:Past members
623:
619:Pope Francis
614:motu proprio
612:
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537:
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4037:observatory
3902:Swiss Guard
3877:Dicasteries
3855:Commissions
3845:Roman Curia
3576:Chiaramonti
3516:Scala Regia
3428:Papal tombs
3351:Borgo Nuovo
3324:Papal tombs
3120:Swiss Guard
3039:Dicasteries
3017:Commissions
3007:Roman Curia
2927:Swiss Guard
2700:Arbitration
2529:Papal names
2418:along with
2159:(1965 film)
1917:Scenes from
1772:Art of the
1689:Early Music
1091:W.A. Mozart
1050:Early Music
866:Jean Mouton
854:Veni Domine
492:Renaissance
422:Mendelssohn
324:, although
135:Innocent IV
3906:See also:
3837:Government
3809:Governance
3556:Historical
3526:altarpiece
3511:Sala Regia
3261:Properties
2974:Theologian
2918:Camerlengo
2890:Popemobile
2750:Consistory
2745:Coronation
2718:Pontifical
2705:Deposition
2693:Activities
2669:Encyclical
2631:Umbraculum
2304:Episcopate
2105:Tapestries
2087:Altar wall
1722:60 Minutes
1490:The Tablet
1335:L'Espresso
1263:0520292448
1238:8859122821
1213:1904341772
1100:0300072236
1033:0191590231
1006:1285458192
941:References
836:Palestrina
812:Palestrina
782:Recordings
617:issued by
531:L'Espresso
518:Vatican II
496:Palestrina
488:polyphonic
370:Palestrina
270:Papal bull
191:a cappella
147:Gregory XI
105:Precursors
4071:Languages
3989:Transport
3774:Elections
3717:Fountains
3561:Paintings
3371:Geography
2995:cardinals
2949:Gentlemen
2937:Palatinus
2923:Commander
2910:Household
2874:Zucchetto
2815:Flabellum
2787:Vestments
2770:High Mass
2755:Diplomacy
2684:Interdict
2014:Zechariah
1967:The Flood
1623:La Stampa
838:(2016) –
298:Holy Week
268:issued a
131:plainsong
4327:Category
4204:Religion
4190:Pope2you
4049:Archives
3994:Heliport
3889:Military
3867:Councils
3763:Politics
3256:Holy See
3235:articles
3150:Antipope
3125:Papabile
3029:Councils
2954:Preacher
2932:Chaplain
2850:Slippers
2830:Mozzetta
2733:Conclave
2712:Blessing
2480:cathedra
2398:Enclaved
2329:Holy See
1996:Jeremiah
1981:Prophets
1846:Life of
1781:Life of
1185:, p. 181
981:(1998).
912:See also
792:conclave
602:Met Gala
548:In 2010
486:and the
429:singing—
364:singer,
351:Waterloo
317:Tenebrae
312:Miserere
307:Miserere
196:castrato
74:sopranos
4276:(Women)
4221:Symbols
4076:Library
4015:Culture
3973:Tourism
3934:Banking
3922:Economy
3819:Francis
3646:Gardens
3531:ceiling
3294:History
3272:Francis
3251:Outline
3135:Legends
3101:in Rome
3065:Related
2959:Prefect
2925:of the
2835:Pallium
2795:Camauro
2593:Symbols
2389:outline
2366:History
2361:Primacy
2354:of the
2347:Francis
2306:of the
2221:Raphael
2123:Related
2002:Ezekiel
1919:Genesis
1908:Gallery
1903:Ceiling
1646:PĂşblico
858:PĂ©rotin
816:Allegri
579:PĂ©rotin
539:people.
398:Te Deum
302:Allegri
294:Leopold
284:During
243:Paul IV
169:in 1545
139:schola'
100:History
82:Cantori
4251:Sports
4228:Anthem
3233:
3046:Synods
2820:Mantle
2810:Ferula
2777:Travel
2524:Titles
2413:, 1929
2352:bishop
2308:bishop
2295:Papacy
2037:Sibyls
2027:Daniel
2020:Isaiah
1848:Christ
1261:
1236:
1211:
1177:"Rome"
1098:
1031:
1004:
904:, and
868:, and
840:motets
826:, and
480:Pius X
290:Mozart
127:schola
119:schola
117:. The
70:basses
66:tenors
31:Ingres
4270:(Men)
4115:Media
4088:Music
3794:Crime
3412:PietĂ
3246:Index
3078:Black
2983:Staff
2862:Tiara
2845:Shoes
2825:Mitre
2805:Fanon
2800:Falda
2611:Cross
2470:Italy
2406:Italy
2385:index
1989:Jonah
1783:Moses
1308:Zenit
554:Curia
78:altos
4238:Flag
4081:film
3999:Rail
3949:.va
3816:Pope
3606:Maps
3268:Pope
3000:list
2867:List
2765:Mass
2738:List
2662:List
2657:Bull
2626:Rota
2402:Rome
2344:Pope
2312:Rome
2008:Joel
1367:s.n.
1277:s.n.
1259:ISBN
1234:ISBN
1209:ISBN
1173:s.n.
1151:s.n.
1096:ISBN
1029:ISBN
1002:ISBN
362:bass
340:The
76:and
68:and
37:The
3789:Law
2400:in
2350:as
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2173::
2171:Key
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