369:
578:
at the age of 10. (He only married shortly before his death in 1863, and the baronetcy became extinct with his death in
January 1863). His daughter Susanna Rowley later Lady King was the second wife of Vice-Admiral Sir Richard King, 2nd Bt, as of 1822, and had several children by him.
473:, unsuccessfully pursuing the same squadron on its return to Northern European waters. In 1802 he was promoted to vice-admiral and between 1802 and 1805 worked actively in the Channel Fleet to hinder and forestall French invasion plans against Britain.
424:. Despite joining the fighting, Lord Howe omitted Cotton from his dispatch of the battle and as a result, Cotton was denied official recognition and did not receive the Gold Medal given to many of the officers present at the action.
450:
was badly damaged and fell behind the other ships. When
Cornwallis turned to rescue Cotton, Villaret shied off, believing that Cornwallis had support over the horizon. Cotton and Cornwallis were both highly praised for this action.
520:
In 1808, Cotton remained off
Portugal and arranged Lisbon as the principal harbour for the British invasion of Iberia later in the year. He also planned and executed the seaborne extraction of the 30,000 men of
574:. The Rowleys were already a prominent naval dynasty, with three baronetcies gained by individual family members. Cotton married Philadelphia Rowley in 1798. Of their four children, the eldest son became
806:
811:
816:
791:
548:
and expanded operations from the sea against French troops operating in
Southern Spain. In mid-1811, Cotton was recalled to Britain and took command of the Channel Fleet from
821:
801:
513:
to agree to a revision of the treaty in which his ships remained legally
Russian but would be held in a disarmed state in a British harbour for the duration of
544:
after
Collingwood's sudden death. This was the second most senior seagoing command in the Navy, and Cotton continued the close blockade of the French fleet in
708:
494:
635:
40:
514:
529:. Cotton's plans allowed a fleet to transport to remove the vast majority of the army after they had defeated close French pursuit at the
391:. The couple had four surviving children and settled into genteel retirement during the peace of the 1780s. In 1793, two weeks after the
725:
763:
742:
575:
256:
522:
427:
Despite this snub, Cotton remained in service and in
January 1795 inherited the baronetcy upon the death of his father. He moved to
418:
where Cotton took a long-time to join the action, failing to reach the French until late in the engagement and taking possession of
244:
239:. Cotton's most influential service was in 1809 when he planned and executed the evacuation of thousands of British soldiers from
673:
549:
509:
safe passage back to Russia. Maintaining the blockade over the objections of allies and enemies alike, Cotton eventually forced
20:
388:
563:
Cotton was survived by his wife and their four children. Lady Cotton was born
Philadelphia Rowley, daughter of Admiral Sir
493:. After the French invasion of Iberia, Cotton closely supported the Portuguese defences and subsequently, the army under
796:
368:
552:
on the latter's retirement. Cotton was in the post just five months when on 23 February 1812 he collapsed and died of
407:
342:
161:
733:
287:
146:
505:
which ended the campaign and refused to acknowledge the provision which allowed the blockaded
Russian squadron in
591:
392:
345:, when the French and British fleets fought an inconclusive action off the island. Cotton then returned the aged
216:
173:
419:
183:
439:
415:
280:
236:
178:
357:
305:
166:
156:
786:
781:
568:
537:
502:
485:
and the collapse of French hopes of invasion, Cotton took command of several ships stationed off the
715:
541:
482:
443:
396:
376:
133:
47:
571:
435:
264:
72:
360:
as a repeating ship for Rodney's signals. After the peace of 1783, Cotton returned to
Britain.
530:
498:
455:
232:
195:
678:
587:
350:
331:
328:
294:
268:
260:
749:
526:
510:
428:
301:
220:
190:
151:
583:
442:, when a squadron of British ships were overhauled by a much larger French fleet under
313:
129:
86:
39:
667:
630:
775:
564:
466:
462:
454:
In 1797, Cotton was promoted to rear-admiral and two years later hoisted his flag in
403:
338:
224:
324:
316:
and supported the landing of British troops off the river. He was also promoted to
690:
652:. "The Buildings of England." Second Edition (London: Penguin Books, 1970), p.435.
240:
231:
in 1812. During his service, Cotton saw action off the Eastern Seaboard of the
682:
470:
341:
in the West Indies. The following year, Cotton joined Rodney in action at the
317:
276:
272:
212:
116:
98:
586:
with his family raising a memorial to him in Madingley. His memorial by the
384:
356:
which he returned to the West Indies. In 1782, Cotton commanded her at the
308:
campaign in 1776. In 1777, Cotton took command of the floating battery HMS
557:
553:
490:
228:
76:
291:
119:
545:
506:
486:
367:
349:
to Britain where she was paid off and Cotton given the frigate
223:
whose service continued until his death in command of the
243:
after the disastrous collapse of the land campaign under
807:
Royal Navy personnel of the American Revolutionary War
461:. In June 1799, Cotton pursued a French squadron from
812:
Royal Navy personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
387:
and married Philadelphia Rowley, daughter of Admiral
533:. Late in the year, Cotton was recalled to Britain.
139:
125:
112:
104:
92:
82:
62:
54:
30:
677:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004.
666:
501:. Admiral Cotton, newly promoted, objected to the
595:was erected in the Cambridgeshire parish church.
560:after inspecting the fleet in its winter berths.
817:British naval commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
263:, Lord Mayor of London. Cotton was educated at
792:People educated at Westminster School, London
639:, Paul C. Krajeski, retrieved 13 January 2008
395:broke out, Cotton was recalled to service in
8:
211:(June 1753 – 23 February 1812) was a senior
19:For other people named Charles Cotton, see
697:
323:On 10 August 1779, Cotton was promoted to
38:
27:
822:People from South Cambridgeshire District
582:Cotton was buried at Landwade church in
716:Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet
674:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
636:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
604:
626:
624:
622:
620:
618:
616:
614:
612:
610:
608:
802:Baronets in the Baronetage of England
434:and in June was with the fleet under
7:
259:, MP and Anne Parsons, daughter of
576:Sir St Vincent Cotton, 6th Baronet
337:and in her joined the fleet under
257:Sir John Hynde Cotton, 4th Baronet
14:
209:Sir Charles Cotton, 5th Baronet
21:Charles Cotton (disambiguation)
540:replacement in command of the
536:In 1810, Cotton was chosen as
383:In England, Cotton settled at
255:Cotton was the third child of
1:
567:1st Bt, and granddaughter of
691:UK public library membership
838:
288:American Revolutionary War
147:American Revolutionary War
18:
16:British Royal Navy admiral
760:
747:
739:
732:
722:
713:
705:
700:
515:Anglo-Russian hostilities
393:French Revolutionary Wars
364:French Revolutionary Wars
174:French Revolutionary Wars
37:
373:Miss Philadelphia Rowley
300:and participated in the
469:and there served under
416:Glorious First of June
380:
286:. In 1775, during the
237:Glorious First of June
179:Glorious First of June
734:Baronetage of England
683:10.1093/ref:odnb/6411
668:"Cotton, Sir Charles"
371:
358:Battle of the Saintes
320:during the campaign.
167:Battle of the Saintes
105:Years of service
569:Admiral of the Fleet
503:Convention of Sintra
497:which fought at the
495:Sir Arthur Wellesley
343:Battle of Martinique
290:, Cotton joined the
217:French Revolutionary
184:Cornwallis's Retreat
162:Battle of Martinique
157:Long Island campaign
797:Royal Navy admirals
631:Cotton, Sir Charles
542:Mediterranean Fleet
511:the Russian admiral
483:Battle of Trafalgar
444:Villaret de Joyeuse
440:Cornwallis's action
414:was engaged at the
377:Thomas Gainsborough
271:before joining the
134:Mediterranean Fleet
48:Henry Hoppner Meyer
648:Nikolaus Pevsner.
572:Sir William Rowley
538:Lord Collingwood's
436:William Cornwallis
381:
265:Westminster School
44:Sir Charles Cotton
32:Sir Charles Cotton
770:
769:
764:St Vincent Cotton
761:Succeeded by
743:John Hynde Cotton
726:Sir Edward Pellew
723:Succeeded by
701:Military offices
689:(Subscription or
531:Battle of Corunna
499:Battle of Vimeiro
389:Sir Joshua Rowley
339:Sir George Rodney
235:and later at the
233:Thirteen Colonies
206:
205:
66:February 23, 1812
829:
758:1795–1812
740:Preceded by
720:1810–1811
709:Lord Collingwood
706:Preceded by
698:
694:
686:
670:
653:
646:
640:
628:
588:monumental mason
525:army trapped in
523:Sir John Moore's
410:. In June 1794,
329:ship of the line
261:Humphrey Parsons
196:Corunna Campaign
94:
69:
42:
28:
837:
836:
832:
831:
830:
828:
827:
826:
772:
771:
766:
756:
752:
745:
728:
719:
711:
688:
665:
662:
657:
656:
647:
643:
629:
606:
601:
479:
477:Napoleonic Wars
402:and joined the
366:
302:Boston campaign
253:
221:Napoleonic Wars
215:officer of the
202:
191:Napoleonic Wars
152:Boston campaign
132:
71:
67:
50:
45:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
835:
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824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
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754:(of Landwade)
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729:
724:
721:
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650:Cambridgeshire
641:
603:
602:
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597:
584:Cambridgeshire
478:
475:
365:
362:
252:
249:
245:Sir John Moore
204:
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137:
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130:Lisbon Station
127:
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114:
110:
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106:
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101:
96:
90:
89:
87:United Kingdom
84:
80:
79:
70:(aged 58)
64:
60:
59:
56:
52:
51:
43:
35:
34:
31:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
834:
823:
820:
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815:
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765:
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738:
735:
731:
727:
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710:
704:
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684:
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611:
609:
605:
598:
596:
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589:
585:
580:
577:
573:
570:
566:
565:Joshua Rowley
561:
559:
555:
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547:
543:
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534:
532:
528:
524:
518:
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508:
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476:
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467:Mediterranean
464:
460:
459:
452:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
432:
425:
423:
422:
417:
413:
409:
405:
404:Channel Fleet
401:
400:
394:
390:
386:
378:
374:
370:
363:
361:
359:
355:
354:
348:
344:
340:
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326:
321:
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311:
307:
303:
299:
298:
293:
289:
285:
284:
278:
275:in 1772 as a
274:
270:
269:Lincoln's Inn
266:
262:
258:
250:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
225:Channel Fleet
222:
218:
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197:
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100:
97:
91:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
41:
36:
29:
26:
22:
755:
748:
714:
672:
649:
644:
634:
590:
581:
562:
550:Lord Gambier
535:
519:
480:
457:
453:
447:
430:
426:
420:
411:
398:
382:
372:
352:
346:
333:
325:post captain
322:
309:
304:in 1775 and
296:
282:
254:
251:Early career
208:
207:
140:Battles/wars
108:1772 to 1812
68:(1812-02-23)
25:
787:1812 deaths
782:1753 births
421:Sans Pareil
327:aboard the
306:Long Island
283:Deal Castle
73:Stoke House
776:Categories
693:required.)
660:References
471:Lord Keith
318:lieutenant
314:Chesapeake
277:midshipman
273:Royal Navy
213:Royal Navy
117:Royal Navy
99:Royal Navy
83:Allegiance
481:With the
408:Lord Howe
385:Madingley
379:(ca 1783)
58:June 1753
558:Plymouth
554:apoplexy
491:Portugal
412:Majestic
399:Majestic
312:off the
310:Vigilant
229:apoplexy
126:Commands
93:Service/
77:Plymouth
750:Baronet
592:Flaxman
527:Galicia
465:to the
292:frigate
241:Corunna
120:Admiral
687:
546:Toulon
507:Lisbon
458:Prince
406:under
95:branch
599:Notes
487:Tagus
463:Brest
353:Alarm
347:Boyne
334:Boyne
297:Niger
227:from
456:HMS
448:Mars
431:Mars
429:HMS
397:HMS
351:HMS
332:HMS
295:HMS
281:HMS
267:and
219:and
113:Rank
63:Died
55:Born
679:doi
556:in
489:in
438:at
279:on
46:by
778::
671:.
633:,
607:^
517:.
446:.
375:,
247:.
75:,
685:.
681::
23:.
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