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840:. According to the book Raymond had reported that those who had died were still the same people that they had been on earth before they "passed over". There were houses, trees and flowers in the Spirit world, which was similar to the earthly realm, although there was no disease. The book also claimed that when soldiers died in World War I they had smoked cigars and received whisky in the spirit world and because of such statements the book was criticised. Walter Cook wrote a rebuttal to Lodge, titled
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540:, and by 1876 Lodge was studying it intently. But Lodge was fairly limited in mathematical physics both by aptitude and training, and his first two papers were a description of a mechanism (of beaded strings and pulleys) that could serve to illustrate electrical phenomena such as conduction and polarization. Indeed, Lodge is probably best known for his advocacy and elaboration of Maxwell's
2850:
646:'s 1895 demonstration of a system for radio wireless telegraphy and contained many of the basic elements that would be used in Marconi's later wireless systems, Lodge's lecture became the focus of priority disputes with the Marconi Company a little over a decade later over invention of wireless telegraphy (radio). At the time of the dispute some, including the physicist
560:(on whom Lodge depended for theoretical guidance) assured him (incorrectly) that "ether waves could not be generated electromagnetically." FitzGerald later corrected his error, but, by 1881, Lodge had assumed a teaching position at University College, Liverpool the demands of which limited his time and his energy for research.
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Special
Collections holds over 2000 items of Lodge's correspondence relating to family, co-workers at Birmingham and Liverpool Universities and also from numerous religious, political and literary figures. The collection also includes a number of Lodge's diaries, photographs and newscuttings relating
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Always an impressive figure, tall and slender with a pleasing voice and charming manner, he enjoyed the affection and respect of a very large circle… Lodge's gifts as an expounder of knowledge were of a high order, and few scientific men have been able to set forth abstruse facts in a more lucid or
852:
wrote that the "story of
Raymond's communications rather excels all prior tales of mediumistic lore in the silliness of its revelations. But the saddest part of it consists in the fact that a great scientist, no less a one than Sir Oliver Lodge, has published the book and so stands sponsor for it."
641:
which would deflect a beam of light being projected on it, giving a visual signal that the impulse was received. After receiving a signal the metal filings in the coherer were broken apart or "decohered" by a manually operated vibrator or by the vibrations of a bell placed on the table near by that
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In other experiments that spring and summer, Lodge put a series of spark gaps along two 29 meter (95') long wires and noticed he was getting a very large spark in the gap near the end of the wires, which seemed to be consistent with the oscillation wavelength produced by the Leyden jar meeting with
622:
at Oxford
University, Lodge gave a memorial lecture on the work of Hertz (recently deceased) and the German physicist's proof of the existence of electromagnetic waves 6 years earlier. Lodge set up a demonstration on the quasi optical nature of "Hertzian waves" (radio waves) and demonstrated their
665:
had a similar tuning system adding to the priority dispute over the invention of radio. When Lodge's syntonic patent was extended in 1911 for another 7 years
Marconi agreed to settle the patent dispute, purchasing the syntonic patent in 1912 and giving Lodge an (honorific) position as "scientific
709:
for the internal combustion engine (the Lodge
Igniter). Later, two of his sons developed his ideas and in 1903 founded Lodge Bros, which eventually became known as Lodge Plugs Ltd. He also made discoveries in the field of wireless transmission. In 1898, Lodge gained a patent on the moving-coil
575:
and their conducting copper cable sometimes do not work, with lightning strikes following alternate paths, going through (and damaging) structures, instead of being conducted by the cables. Lodge took the opportunity to carry out a scientific investigation, simulating lightning by discharging
555:
As early as 1879, Lodge became interested in generating (and detecting) electromagnetic waves, something
Maxwell had never considered. This interest continued throughout the 1880s, but some obstacles slowed Lodge's progress. First, he thought in terms of generating light waves with very high
1022:
for cars and aeroplanes. Lionel and Noel founded a company that produced an electrostatic device for cleaning factory and smelter smoke in 1913, called the Lodge Fume
Deposit Company Limited (changed in 1919 to Lodge Fume Company Limited and in 1922, through agreement with the International
589:
the wave being reflected at the end of the wire. In a darkened room, he also noted a glow at intervals along the wire at one half wavelength intervals. He took this as evidence that he was generating and detecting
Maxwell's electromagnetic waves. While traveling on a vacation to the
580:
into a long length of copper wire. Lodge found the charge would take a shorter high resistance route jumping a spark gap, instead of taking a longer low resistance route through a loop of copper wire. Lodge presented these first results, showing what he thought was the effect of
1101:. Lodge was long-lived and a prolific letter writer and other letters of his survive in the personal papers of other individuals and several other universities and other institutions. Among the known collections of his papers are the following:
464:
in 1875 and gained the title of Doctor of
Science in 1877. At Wolstanton he experimented with producing a wholly new "electromagnetic light" in 1879 and 1880, paving the way for later experimental success. During this time, he also lectured at
770:
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in 1912–1913. In his 1913 Presidential
Address to the Association, he affirmed his belief in the persistence of the human personality after death, the possibility of communicating with disembodied intelligent beings, and the validity of the
962:
he performed a fake "clairvoyant" act where he would read a message sealed inside an envelope. Lodge who was present in the audience was duped by the trick and claimed that Devant had used psychic powers. In 1936, Devant in his book
623:
similarity to light and vision including reflection and transmission. Later in June and on 14 August 1894 he did similar experiments, increasing the distance of transmission up to 55 meters (180'). Lodge used a detector called a
847:
Although Lodge was convinced that Leonard's spirit control "Feda" had communicated with his son, he admitted a good deal of the information was nonsense and suggested that Feda picked it up from a séance sitter. Philosopher
880:, however, Lodge still defended his ether theory arguing in "Ether and Reality" that it was not inconsistent with the theory of general relativity. Linked to his belief in Spiritualism, Lodge had also endorsed a theory of
607:, and that he had published a series of papers proving the existence of electromagnetic waves and their propagation in free space. Lodge presented his own paper on electromagnetic waves along wires in September 1888 at the
413:
When Lodge was 12, the family moved house to Wolstanton. At Moreton House on the southern tip of Wolstanton Marsh, he took over a large outbuilding for his first scientific experiments during the long school holidays.
744:
In 1889 Lodge was appointed President of the Liverpool Physical Society, a position he held until 1893. The society still runs to this day, though under a student body. In 1901, he was elected as a member of the
1117:
holds some notebooks and letters of Oliver Lodge and also has a laboratory named after him, the main administrative centre of the Physics Department where the majority of lecturers and researchers have their
2937:
2140:
633:), a glass tube containing metal filings between two electrodes. When the small electrical charge from waves from an antenna were applied to the electrodes, the metal particles would cling together or "
2941:
2735:
Psychic Tendencies of To-Day, An Exposition and Critique of New Thought, Christian Science, Spiritualism, Psychical Research (Sir Oliver Lodge) and Modern Materialism in Relation to Immortality
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recalled that "something like real experimentation" began for him around 1869. His family moved again in 1875 – this time to the nearby Watlands Hall at the top of Porthill Bank between
3086:
974:
medium known as "Annie Brittain". However, she made entirely incorrect guesses about a policeman who was disguised as a farmer. She was arrested and convicted for fraudulent
929:(1917) that Lodge had been duped into believing mediumship by trickery and his Spiritualist views were based on assumptions and not scientific evidence. Francis Jones in the
637:" causing the device to become conductive allowing the current from a battery to pass through it. In Lodge's setup the slight impulses from the coherer were picked up by a
1076:. But he was even better in informal debate, and when he rose, the audience, however perplexed or jaded, settled down in a pleased expectation that was never disappointed.
619:
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existed and that it filled the entire universe. Lodge came to believe that the spirit world existed in the ether. As a Christian Spiritualist, Lodge had written that the
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394:, Staffordshire – and his wife, Grace, née Heath (1826–1879). Lodge was their first child, and altogether they had eight sons and a daughter. Lodge's siblings included
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to his scientific research and scripts of his published work. There are also an additional 212 letters of Lodge which have been acquired over the years (1881–1939).
421:
to the pottery manufacturers. This work sometimes entailed him travelling as far as Scotland. He continued to assist his father until he reached the age of 22.
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has noted that Lodge's interest in spiritualism "prompted some of his fellow scientists to wonder if his mind, too, had not been wrecked." In 1913 the biologist
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1904:
490:, remaining there until his retirement in 1919. He oversaw the start of the move of the university from Edmund Street in the city centre to its present
417:
In 1865, the 14-year-old Lodge left his schooling and joined his father's business (Oliver Lodge & Son) as an agent for B. Fayle & Co selling
2177:"Address to the British Association for the Advancement of Science, delivered at Birmingham, 1913, by Principal Sir Oliver Lodge, F.R.S., President"
773:
Oliver Lodge's youngest son, Second Lieutenant Raymond Lodge, was killed in action in World War I. Oliver tried to contact Raymond in the afterlife.
1930:
Bruce J. Hunt, The Alternative Path: Lodge, Lightning, and Electromagnetic Waves, Making Waves: Oliver Lodge and the Cultures of Science, 1875-1940
1046:
Lodge died, aged 89, died on 22 August. His wife Mary predeceased him in 1929. They are buried together at the local parish church, St. Michael's,
536:
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615:, adding a postscript acknowledging Hertz's work and saying: "The whole subject of electrical radiation seems working itself out splendidly."
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1987:
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242:
1920:
Robert P. Crease, The Great Equations: Breakthroughs in Science from Pythagoras to Heisenberg, W. W. Norton & Company - 2008, page 146
2027:
650:, pointed out that Lodge's lecture was a physics experiment, not a demonstration of telegraphic signaling. Lodge would later work with
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presidential address at Birmingham, were charmed by his alluring personality as well as impressed by the orderly development of his
1014:(Alec), Francis Brodie, Lionel and Noel. Four of his sons went into business using Lodge's inventions. Brodie and Alec created the
836:. Lodge was convinced that his son Raymond had communicated with him and the book is a description of his son's experiences in the
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theory – a later deprecated model postulating a wave-bearing medium filling all space. He explained his views on the aether in "
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1949:
1929:
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327:". In 1898 he was awarded the "syntonic" (or tuning) patent by the United States Patent Office. Lodge was Principal of the
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The Presidential Address to the British Association for 1913 by Oliver Lodge (at the meeting held in Birmingham, England)
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The war and after; short chapters on subjects of serious practical import for the average citizen from A.D. 1915 onwards
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criticized Lodge as being an incompetent researcher to detect fraud and claimed his Spiritualist beliefs were based on
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to the dispersal of fog and smoke. He also made a major contribution to motoring when he patented a form of electric
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295:
52:
2604:
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In January 1898 Lodge presented a paper on "syntonic" tuning which he received a patent for that same year. Syntonic
2719:
Raymond: A Rejoinder Questioning The Validity of Certain Evidence and of Sir Oliver Lodge's Conclusions Regarding It
797:
in 1915, he visited several mediums and wrote about the experience in a number of books, including the best-selling
469:. Lodge left the Potteries in 1881 to up take the post of Professor of Physics and Mathematics at the newly founded
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wrote that his psychical claims are not scientific and the book is one-sided as it does not contain research from
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allowed specific frequencies to be used by the transmitter and receiver in a wireless communication system. The
173:
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1875:
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1106:
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328:
1901:
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holds an early notebook of Oliver Lodge's dated 1880, correspondence dating from 1894 to 1913 and a paper on
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By the aged of 18, Lodge's father's growing wealth had enabled him to move his family to Chatterley House,
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at the Charing Cross Hospital and at Christ Church, Westminster. His lectures were published in a book
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Jones, Francis (1910). "The Survival of Man: A Study in Unrecognized Human Faculty by Oliver Lodge".
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research into life after death was a topic on which he wrote many books, including the best-selling
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In 1900 Lodge moved from Liverpool back to the Midlands and became the first principal of the new
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frequencies rather than radio waves with their much lower frequencies. Second, his good friend
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2866:
Interactive Java Tutorial – Lodge's experiment demonstrating the first tunable radio receiver
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1964:
Sungook Hong, Wireless: From Marconi's Black-box to the Audion, MIT Press, 2001, pages 30–32
1851:
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817:
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Lodge carried out scientific investigations on the source of the electromotive force in the
339:
1811:
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After his retirement in 1920, Lodge and his wife settled in Normanton House, near Lake in
1011:
975:
904:
662:
503:
441:
351:
217:
2888:
coherer for detector, the "syntonic" tuning patent) August 1898. Sold to Marconi in 1912.
1289:
2564:
2164:
1976:
Sungook Hong, Wireless: From Marconi's Black-box to the Audion, MIT Press, 2001, page 48
1225:
2881:
2691:
2487:
1658:
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criticized the Spiritualist views of Lodge as unscientific and misleading the public.
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375:
87:
2948:
A collection of portraits of Sir Oliver Lodge at the National Portrait Gallery, London
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Lodge's letters and papers were divided after his death. Some were deposited at the
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612:
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230:
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91:
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Special Collections hold 1991 items of Lodge's correspondence between 1871 and 1938.
1050:. Their eldest son Oliver and eldest daughter Violet are also buried at the church.
62:
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914:
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714:, utilizing a coil connected to a diaphragm, suspended in a strong magnetic field.
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1529:. 1931 Hodder and Stoughton Ltd, London, 1930; Charles Scribner & Sons, 1932;
1373:
1358:
1334:
1252:
1244:
2114:
2928:
2822:
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1302:
The Substance of Faith Allied With Science. A Catechism for Parents and Teachers
1294:
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794:
730:
711:
702:
158:
17:
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Reconciling Science and Religion: The Debate in Early-Twentieth-Century Britain
2302:
Reconciling Science and Religion: The Debate in Early-Twentieth-Century Britain
548:" (1889) and continued to defend those ideas well into the twentieth century ("
2284:
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849:
821:
690:, which is the fraction of electric current carried by a given ionic species.
634:
582:
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511:
428:. From there Lodge attended physics lectures in London, and also attended the
391:
347:
2872:
2343:
The Bookman: A Review of Books and Life. Volume 64. Dodd, Mead. 1926. p. 104.
1179:, London Archives hold nineteen letters Lodge wrote to his fellow scientist,
2696:
Letters from Sir Oliver Lodge: Psychical, Religious, Scientific and Personal
2609:
1676:
1586:
1537:
Letters from Sir Oliver Lodge, psychical, religious, scientific and personal
1204:
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engaging form… Those who heard him on a great occasion, as when he gave his
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1031:
782:
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rang every time a transmission was received. Since this was one year before
568:
491:
387:
300:
168:
114:
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829:
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2355:
The Other World: Spiritualism and Psychical Research in England, 1850–1914
303:
and writer involved in the development of, and holder of key patents for,
2844:
2325:
Science For All: The Popularization of Science in Early Twentieth-Century
1597:
and the Oliver Lodge Building which houses the physics department of the
363:
83:
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1281:
1233:
2016:
Sungook Hong, Wireless: From Marconi's Black-box to the Audion, page 92
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643:
625:
433:
324:
269:
2679:
Is Sir Oliver Lodge Right? Yes. By A. Conan Doyle. No. By Edward Clodd
1006:
in 1877. They had twelve children, six boys and six girls, including
2885:
2792:
A Pioneer of Connection: Recovering the Life and Work of Oliver Lodge
2572:
1073:
982:
wrote a skeptical book on the Spiritualist beliefs of Lodge entitled
425:
236:
2403:
The Question: A Brief History and Examination of Modern Spiritualism
654:
on the development of devices specifically for wireless telegraphy.
2840:
1715:
1002:
Lodge married Mary Fanny Alexander Marshall at St George's Church,
876:. By the 1920s the physics of the ether had been undermined by the
2933:
1554:
993:
844:(1917), that directly challenged Lodge's beliefs in Spiritualism.
768:
737:
and Sidney Ball. They invited him several times to lecture at the
673:
475:
323:"), Lodge demonstrated an early radio wave detector he named the "
304:
148:
2929:
University of Birmingham Staff Papers: Papers of Sir Oliver Lodge
1960:
1958:
958:
ability who did not realize that his feats were magic tricks. At
954:
managed to fool a number of people into believing he had genuine
2952:
2913:
1309:
Electrons, or The Nature and Properties of Negative Electricity
777:
Lodge is remembered for his studies in psychical research and
43:
1972:
1970:
805:, who also lost a son in World War I and was a Spiritualist.
1998:(1053). The Electrical Review, Ltd.: 103–104 28 January 1898
350:, which he believed came from his son who was killed in the
585:
on the path lightning would take, in his May 1888 lecture.
793:
from 1901 to 1903. After his son, Raymond, was killed in
2235:
Modern Spiritualism and the Church of England, 1850–1939
2028:
Improvements in Syntonized Telegraphy without Line Wires
386:. His parents were Oliver Lodge (1826–1884) – later a
1709:
Purbeck Blue Clay, as it was then known, according to
1896:
1894:
1892:
1027:). Oliver, the eldest son, became a poet and author.
717:
In political life, Lodge was an active member of the
460:
Lodge obtained a Bachelor of Science degree from the
2727:
Sir Oliver Lodge: Psychical Researcher and Scientist
2906:
Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada
2478:. Boston Medical and Surgical Journal 182: 610–612.
1274:"Mind and Matter": A Criticism of Professor Haeckel
925:(a leading British psychiatrist) wrote in his book
346:(1916), which detailed messages he received from a
275:
265:
223:
208:
182:
141:
122:
99:
69:
41:
2936:, in Stoke-on-Trent, UK, features a display about
2747:. Rationalist Association. London: Watts & Co.
2613:. No. 36481. London. 14 June 1901. p. 10
1840:. No. 36804. London. 26 June 1902. p. 5.
832:that he and his wife had attended with the medium
620:British Association for the Advancement of Science
2406:. Grant Richards, London. 1917. pp. 265–301.
2195:Religion and Society in Twentieth-Century Britain
781:. He began to study psychical phenomena (chiefly
30:For the British poet and author (1878–1955), see
3102:Vice-chancellors of the University of Birmingham
1944:. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. p. 23.
1755:Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society
1503:Beyond Physics, or The Idealization of Mechanism
2116:Oliver Lodge and the Liverpool Physical Society
1061:
299:(12 June 1851 – 22 August 1940) was an English
2688:. Volume 54, July to December. pp. 49–54.
2119:. Liverpool University Press. pp. 48–57.
1942:Oliver Lodge and the Liverpool Physics Society
789:, and served as president of the London-based
362:Oliver Lodge was born in 1851 at 'The Views',
2031:filed: May 10, 1897, granted: August 10, 1898
518:on 24 October that year. In 1928 he was made
436:. At Chatterley House, just a mile south of
8:
2974:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1685:, physician and editor (great-granddaughter)
1559:Sir Oliver Lodge by John Bernard Munns, 1923
1241:The Work of Hertz and Some of His Successors
1169:is custodian of Lodge's correspondence with
1023:Precipitation Corporation of California, to
872:becoming visible to his disciples after the
567:asked Lodge to give a series of lectures on
321:The Work of Hertz and Some of His Successors
2357:. Cambridge University Press. p. 376.
1679:, author & radio broadcaster (grandson)
1131:holds 2710 letters written to Oliver Lodge.
2977:
2534:, Friday 23 August 1940 (page 7, column 4)
2422:. London: Mental Culture Enterprise. 1917.
2304:. University Of Chicago Press. pp. 49–50.
1203:Lodge wrote more than 40 books, about the
61:
38:
2580:
2025:British patent GB189711575 Lodge, O. J.
1790:"Sir Oliver Lodge's Birthplace, Penkhull"
1441:Relativity – A very elementary exposition
1290:Public Service versus Private Expenditure
727:Public Service versus Private Expenditure
3087:People educated at Adams' Grammar School
3037:Academics of the University of Liverpool
2862:at the National Portrait Gallery, London
2790:James Mussell & Graeme Gooday (Eds)
2096:. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
1902:Oliver Lodge: Almost the Father of Radio
402:(1869–1936), historian and principal of
27:English physicist and writer (1851–1940)
2868:National High Magnetic Field Laboratory
2803:The Survival of Man by Sir Oliver Lodge
2083:Lodge, (1898). British Patent 9,712/98.
1740:
1702:
1323:, New York, Moffat, Yard and Co., 1908.
1159:has twenty-three letters from Lodge to
967:revealed the trick method he had used.
537:A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism
201: 1877; died 1929)
2934:The Potteries Museum & Art Gallery
2744:The Follies and Frauds of Spiritualism
2703:Sir Oliver Lodge and the Spiritualists
2384:. University Of Chicago Press. p. 64.
2327:. University Of Chicago Press. p. 44.
1748:Gregory, R. A.; Ferguson, A. (1941). "
1246:Signalling Through Space Without Wires
686:for the measurement in solution of an
593:in July 1888, Lodge read in a copy of
2065:Radio: The Life Story of a Technology
1491:Why I Believe in Personal Immortality
1269:. 1904. (O'Neill's Electronic Museum)
998:Lodge keeping fit at his home in 1930
785:) in the late 1880s, was a member of
7:
2856:Painted portrait of Sir Oliver Lodge
2787:. London: Mental Culture Enterprise.
2476:Psychical Research and the Physician
2279:Sir Oliver Lodge on Life After Death
618:On 1 June 1894, at a meeting of the
522:of his native city, Stoke-on-Trent.
2713:. Prometheus Books. pp. 79–87.
2183:(4481): 257–258. 13 September 1913.
2047:(Benjamin/Cummings 1982) p.276-280
721:, and published two Fabian Tracts:
510:, receiving the accolade from King
3097:Presidents of the Physical Society
3032:Alumni of the University of London
2503:For a photo of his gravesite, see
2435:The American Journal of Psychology
1988:"Dr. Lodge on wireless telegraphy"
1539:, London, Cassell and Company, Ltd
1363:, 1910. Book Tree. February 2000.
868:in the Bible referred to Christ's
824:. His most controversial book was
452:and Wolstanton (demolished 1951).
25:
2784:Spiritualism and Sir Oliver Lodge
2419:Spiritualism and Sir Oliver Lodge
2257:. Bloomsbury Paperbacks. p. 201.
1860:. 11 November 1902. p. 7165.
1610:Notable relatives of Oliver Lodge
1148:Library holds Lodge's letters to
927:Spiritualism and Sir Oliver Lodge
812:. In 1909, he published the book
2965:"Lodge, Sir Oliver Joseph"
2925:". First Spiritual Temple. 2001.
2848:
2794:(University of Pittsburgh, 2020)
2755:The Religion of Sir Oliver Lodge
2711:Science Confronts the Paranormal
2492:The Religion of Sir Oliver Lodge
1691:, mathematician (great-grandson)
1619:, clergyman & author (uncle)
1509:The Reality of a Spiritual World
984:The Religion of Sir Oliver Lodge
828:(1916). The book documented the
816:which expressed his belief that
605:his own electromagnetic research
2944:, forerunner of the spark plug.
2458:. Prometheus Books. pp. 15–16.
1911:, page 4, from Antique Wireless
1574:Oliver Lodge Primary School in
950:noted that the stage mentalist
603:in Germany had been conducting
198:
2832:Works by or about Oliver Lodge
2288:, Vol. 27, No. 2. pp. 316–319.
1589:with a bronze figure entitled
1129:Society for Psychical Research
1095:Society for Psychical Research
932:American Journal of Psychology
801:(1916). Lodge was a friend of
791:Society for Psychical Research
747:American Philosophical Society
494:campus. Lodge was awarded the
1:
3077:Members of the Fabian Society
2880:" (wireless telegraphy using
2559:(2097): 271. 6 January 1910.
2474:Taylor, J. Danforth. (1920).
2217:. Lexington Books. pp. 9–10.
723:Socialism & Individualism
471:University College, Liverpool
188:Mary Fanny Alexander Marshall
3062:Fellows of the Royal Society
3042:British acoustical engineers
2898:". Adventures in CyberSound.
2605:"Glasgow University Jubilee"
2237:. Boydell Press. pp. 75–79.
1563:Lodge received the honorary
1527:Past Years: An Autobiography
921:and primitive superstition.
682:In 1886 Lodge developed the
410:(1854–1937), mathematician.
280:University College Liverpool
3067:History of radio technology
2908:, Vol. 34, pages 435 – 436.
2847:(public domain audiobooks)
2766:Sir Oliver Lodge on Haeckel
2621:– via Newspapers.com.
1812:"Biography of Oliver Lodge"
1226:Modern Views of Electricity
799:Raymond; or, Life and Death
752:Lodge was President of the
609:British Science Association
546:Modern Views of Electricity
366:, a rural village near the
344:Raymond; or, Life and Death
3123:
2738:. D. Appleton and Company.
2732:Alfred W. Martin. (1918).
2701:Steve Hoffmaster. (1986).
1836:"The Coronation Honours".
1531:Cambridge University Press
1475:Science and Human Progress
1465:, Thirteenth Edition, 1926
739:London School of Economics
526:Electromagnetism and radio
444:had experimented, Lodge's
334:Lodge was also pioneer of
29:
3082:British parapsychologists
3000:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2902:Death of Sir Oliver Lodge
2757:. London: Watts & Co.
2666:. London: Grant Richards.
2650:The Oliver Lodge Building
2506:"Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge"
2353:Oppenheim, Janet (1988).
2193:Brown, Callum G. (2006).
1625:, mathematician (brother)
1585:Lodge is commemorated in
1395:Raymond or Life and Death
1262:Electric Theory of Matter
1137:holds Lodge's letters to
1122:University College London
1099:University College London
960:St. George's Hall, London
858:electromagnetic radiation
826:Raymond or Life and Death
820:had been demonstrated by
765:Paranormal investigations
701:, and the application of
315:'s proof and at his 1894
309:electromagnetic radiation
285:
258:
60:
2994:University of Birmingham
2894:Oliver Joseph Lodge, Sir
2664:Reflections on "Raymond"
2253:Emden, Richard (2012).
1876:Cornell University Press
1673:, artist (second cousin)
1655:, mathematician (cousin)
1582:is named in his honour.
1157:University of St Andrews
1107:University of Birmingham
1087:University of Birmingham
935:in a review for Lodge's
860:convinced Lodge that an
398:(1855–1936), historian;
370:in the northern part of
329:University of Birmingham
3004:Charles Grant Robertson
2992:Vice-Chancellor of the
2971:Encyclopædia Britannica
2938:local hero Oliver Lodge
2633:Queen Victoria Monument
2233:Byrne, Georgina (2010)
2113:Peter Rowlands (1990).
1940:Rowlands, Peter (1990)
1649:, poet and author (son)
1635:Eleanor Constance Lodge
1599:University of Liverpool
1595:Queen Victoria Monument
1485:Benn's Sixpenny Library
1481:Modern Scientific Ideas
1462:Encyclopædia Britannica
1321:Science and Immortality
1317:, Methuen, London, 1908
1115:University of Liverpool
1091:University of Liverpool
941:experimental psychology
892:(1924). He lectured on
508:1902 Coronation Honours
467:Bedford College, London
400:Eleanor Constance Lodge
368:Staffordshire Potteries
292:Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge
2779:Charles Arthur Mercier
2716:Paul Hookham. (1917).
2698:. Cassell and Company.
2255:The Quick and the Dead
2063:Regal, Brian. (2005).
1907:3 October 2018 at the
1870:Hunt, Bruce J. (2005)
1768:10.1098/rsbm.1941.0022
1560:
1515:Conviction of Survival
1469:Evolution and Creation
1445:Methuen & Co. Ltd.
1254:Modern Views on Matter
1167:Trinity College Dublin
1150:William Macneile Dixon
1078:
999:
923:Charles Arthur Mercier
898:Evolution and Creation
842:Reflections on Raymond
834:Gladys Osborne Leonard
810:Christian Spiritualist
774:
684:moving boundary method
679:
483:
164:Moving boundary method
3057:English spiritualists
2841:Works by Oliver Lodge
2823:Works by Oliver Lodge
2741:Walter Mann. (1919).
2725:W. P. Jolly. (1974).
2662:Walter Cook. (1917).
2215:Searching for Raymond
2213:Kollar, Rene (2000).
2092:Jolly, W. P. (1975).
1631:, historian (brother)
1593:, at the base of the
1569:University of Glasgow
1558:
1146:University of Glasgow
1018:, which manufactured
1008:Oliver William Foster
997:
970:Lodge had endorsed a
884:which he promoted in
772:
678:Lodge circa 1910–1915
677:
565:Royal Society of Arts
488:Birmingham University
481:Birmingham University
479:
380:Adams' Grammar School
3107:Burials in Wiltshire
3092:People from Penkhull
2919:29 June 2006 at the
2884:for transmitter and
2729:. London: Constable.
2549:by Sir Oliver Lodge"
2145:search.amphilsoc.org
2141:"APS Member History"
2067:. Greenwood. p. 21.
1671:Francis Graham Lodge
1637:, historian (sister)
1451:Talks About Wireless
1447:London. 11 June 1925
1382:Science and Religion
1315:Man and the Universe
1004:Newcastle-under-Lyme
886:Man and the Universe
878:theory of relativity
688:ion transport number
648:John Ambrose Fleming
462:University of London
174:Maxwell–Lodge effect
127:University of London
2940:and his pioneering
2878:Electric Telegraphy
2873:U.S. patent 609,154
2809:The Hibbert Journal
2772:The Hibbert Journal
2685:The Strand Magazine
2565:1910Natur..82..271.
2197:. Longman. p. 104.
1750:Oliver Joseph Lodge
1665:George Edward Lodge
1293:, co-authored with
1234:Pioneers of Science
1135:Devon Record Office
1070:British Association
1034:, a few miles from
965:Secrets of My Magic
937:The Survival of Man
882:spiritual evolution
856:Scientific work on
754:British Association
735:George Bernard Shaw
729:, co-authored with
639:mirror galvanometer
384:Newport, Shropshire
331:from 1900 to 1920.
3052:English physicists
2953:Lodge-Cottrell Ltd
2722:. B. H. Blackwell.
2674:Arthur Conan Doyle
2582:2027/uc1.$ c187656
2547:The Ether of Space
2045:Physical Chemistry
1857:The London Gazette
1653:Percy John Heawood
1561:
1336:The Ether of Space
1093:and others at the
1025:Lodge Cottrell Ltd
1016:Lodge Plug Company
1000:
894:theistic evolution
803:Arthur Conan Doyle
775:
680:
652:Alexander Muirhead
596:Annalen der Physik
484:
430:Wedgwood Institute
378:, and educated at
32:Oliver W. F. Lodge
3047:English inventors
3010:
3009:
3001:Succeeded by
2981:Academic offices
2827:Project Gutenberg
2636:The Victorian Web
2494:. Watts & Co.
2456:Psychic Paradoxes
2126:978-0-85323-027-4
2043:and Meiser J.H.,
1992:Electrical Review
1816:PSI Encyclopaedia
1667:, artist (cousin)
1661:, artist (cousin)
1629:Sir Richard Lodge
1521:Advancing Science
1428:Ether and Reality
1422:Of Atoms and Rays
1416:The Making of Man
1360:Reason and Belief
1267:Harper's Magazine
1181:Silvanus Thompson
1139:Sir Thomas Acland
1068:at Oxford or his
1048:Wilsford cum Lake
558:George FitzGerald
550:Ether and Reality
516:Buckingham Palace
502:in 1898, and was
456:Academic research
419:Purbeck blue clay
404:Westfield College
396:Sir Richard Lodge
317:Royal Institution
289:
288:
260:Scientific career
111:Wilsford cum Lake
16:(Redirected from
3114:
3072:Knights Bachelor
2978:
2975:
2967:
2914:Sir Oliver Lodge
2875:
2852:
2851:
2836:Internet Archive
2707:Kendrick Frazier
2651:
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2594:
2584:
2573:10.1038/082271b0
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2528:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2508:. Archived from
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2423:
2414:
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2378:Bowler, Peter J.
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2321:Bowler, Peter J.
2318:
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2298:Bowler, Peter J.
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2094:Sir Oliver Lodge
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1723:
1714:. Archived from
1707:
1647:Oliver W F Lodge
1643:, inventor (son)
1567:(LL.D) from the
1177:Imperial College
1053:His obituary in
919:magical thinking
818:life after death
571:, including why
340:pseudoscientific
307:. He identified
298:
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18:Sir Oliver Lodge
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2987:New institution
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2921:Wayback Machine
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2657:Further reading
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1872:The Maxwellians
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1641:Alexander Lodge
1607:
1553:
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1409:Raymond Revised
1375:Modern Problems
1328:Survival of Man
1282:Life and Matter
1217:electromagnetic
1201:
1199:Published works
1083:
1066:Romanes lecture
1044:
992:
976:fortune telling
905:Janet Oppenheim
814:Survival of Man
767:
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663:Marconi Company
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374:in what is now
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352:First World War
311:independent of
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2982:
2962:, ed. (1911).
2960:Chisholm, Hugh
2956:
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2899:
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2882:Ruhmkorff coil
2869:
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2817:External links
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2488:McCabe, Joseph
2480:
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2464:978-0879753580
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2390:978-0226068589
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2364:978-0739101612
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2333:978-0226068633
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2263:978-1408822456
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2223:978-0739101612
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2203:978-0582472891
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2102:978-0838617038
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1752:. 1851-1940".
1739:
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1718:on 14 May 2008
1712:"History Page"
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1659:Carron O Lodge
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1576:Vanderbijlpark
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1565:Doctor of Laws
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1188:Science Museum
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1082:
1081:Lodge archives
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988:
787:The Ghost Club
766:
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719:Fabian Society
707:spark ignition
671:
668:
631:Edouard Branly
601:Heinrich Hertz
573:lightning rods
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1543:My Philosophy
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1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
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1498:
1497:Phantom Walls
1495:
1492:
1489:
1487:No. 101, 1927
1486:
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1443:. Paperback.
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1353:1-4021-1766-3
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1347:(paperback),
1346:
1345:1-4021-8302-X
1342:
1339:, May, 1909.
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2670:Edward Clodd
2663:
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2632:
2627:
2615:. Retrieved
2608:
2599:
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2552:
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2539:
2531:
2530:Obituary in
2526:
2514:. Retrieved
2510:the original
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2148:. Retrieved
2144:
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2088:
2079:
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2059:
2044:
2041:Laidler K.J.
2036:
2026:
2021:
2012:
2000:. Retrieved
1995:
1991:
1981:
1941:
1936:
1925:
1916:
1866:
1855:
1846:
1837:
1831:
1819:. Retrieved
1815:
1805:
1793:. Retrieved
1784:
1759:
1753:
1743:
1720:. Retrieved
1716:the original
1705:
1683:Fiona Godlee
1623:Alfred Lodge
1617:Samuel Lodge
1590:
1584:
1580:South Africa
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1232:
1224:
1202:
1163:(1896–1908).
1161:Wilfrid Ward
1152:(1900–1938).
1141:(1907–1908).
1084:
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1054:
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1045:
1029:
1001:
983:
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952:David Devant
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915:Edward Clodd
913:
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897:
889:
885:
870:etheric body
866:resurrection
855:
846:
841:
838:spirit world
825:
813:
808:Lodge was a
807:
798:
779:spiritualism
776:
751:
743:
726:
725:(1905), and
722:
716:
699:electrolysis
695:Voltaic cell
692:
681:
656:
624:
617:
594:
587:
563:In 1887 the
562:
554:
549:
545:
535:
529:
485:
459:
445:
438:Etruria Hall
423:
416:
412:
408:Alfred Lodge
390:merchant at
361:
343:
336:spiritualism
333:
320:
291:
290:
276:Institutions
259:
243:Albert Medal
105:(1940-08-22)
80:12 June 1851
48:Oliver Lodge
36:
3027:1940 deaths
3022:1851 births
2860:George Reid
2812:8: 669–672.
2775:3: 741–755.
2545:"Review of
2452:Booth, John
2274:Carus, Paul
2002:17 February
1878:, page 37,
1852:"No. 27494"
1821:30 November
1795:14 February
1762:(10): 550.
1402:Christopher
1355:(hardcover)
1295:Sidney Webb
1186:The London
1020:spark plugs
972:clairvoyant
888:(1908) and
874:Crucifixion
795:World War I
731:Sidney Webb
712:loudspeaker
703:electricity
670:Other works
611:meeting in
578:Leyden jars
319:lectures ("
159:Loudspeaker
3016:Categories
2998:1900–1920
2800:. (1910).
2781:. (1917).
2763:. (1905).
2753:. (1914).
2694:. (1932).
2676:. (1917).
2647:AccessAble
2490:. (1914).
2454:. (1986).
2285:The Monist
2276:. (1917).
1950:0853230277
1884:0801482348
1736:References
1213:relativity
1036:Stonehenge
948:John Booth
903:Historian
850:Paul Carus
822:mediumship
666:adviser".
583:inductance
552:", 1925).
534:published
512:Edward VII
450:Middleport
432:in nearby
392:Wolstanton
358:Early life
237:Knighthood
76:1851-06-12
2923:1851–1940
2617:5 January
2610:The Times
2532:The Times
2441:(3): 505.
1838:The Times
1776:154552517
1677:Tom Lodge
1591:Education
1587:Liverpool
1205:afterlife
1171:John Joly
1056:The Times
1032:Wiltshire
1012:Alexander
946:Magician
783:telepathy
569:lightning
492:Edgbaston
388:ball clay
301:physicist
218:Alexander
169:Waveguide
117:, England
115:Wiltshire
94:, England
2917:Archived
2845:LibriVox
2380:(2001).
2323:(2009).
2300:(2001).
1905:Archived
1722:5 August
1605:See also
1430:, 1925.
1219:theory.
1118:offices.
1097:and the
986:(1914).
900:(1926).
530:In 1873
504:knighted
442:Wedgwood
364:Penkhull
209:Children
84:Penkhull
2858:by Sir
2834:at the
2591:3965243
2561:Bibcode
1249:, 1900)
1059:wrote:
956:psychic
830:séances
644:Marconi
626:coherer
520:Freeman
506:in the
498:of the
434:Burslem
325:coherer
270:Physics
203:
195:
191:
2886:Branly
2589:
2553:Nature
2516:1 July
2462:
2388:
2361:
2331:
2308:
2261:
2241:
2221:
2201:
2150:19 May
2123:
2100:
2071:
2051:
1948:
1882:
1774:
1551:Legacy
1545:, 1933
1533:, 2012
1523:, 1931
1517:, 1930
1511:, 1930
1505:, 1930
1499:, 1929
1493:, 1928
1477:, 1927
1471:, 1926
1453:, 1925
1434:
1424:, 1924
1418:, 1924
1412:, 1922
1404:, 1918
1398:, 1916
1390:, 1915
1384:, 1914
1378:, 1912
1367:
1351:
1343:
1331:, 1909
1311:, 1907
1305:, 1907
1297:, 1905
1285:, 1905
1277:, 1904
1257:, 1903
1237:, 1893
1229:, 1889
1215:, and
1209:aether
1074:thesis
659:tuning
635:cohere
542:aether
440:where
426:Hanley
348:medium
338:. His
266:Fields
251:(1932)
245:(1919)
239:(1902)
233:(1898)
224:Awards
214:Oliver
183:Spouse
2705:. In
2587:S2CID
1772:S2CID
1697:Notes
1457:Ether
1042:Death
862:ether
599:that
313:Hertz
305:radio
197:(
193:
149:Radio
2619:2024
2518:2008
2460:ISBN
2386:ISBN
2359:ISBN
2329:ISBN
2306:ISBN
2259:ISBN
2239:ISBN
2219:ISBN
2199:ISBN
2152:2021
2121:ISBN
2098:ISBN
2069:ISBN
2049:ISBN
2004:2018
1946:ISBN
1880:ISBN
1823:2018
1797:2017
1724:2008
1432:ISBN
1365:ISBN
1349:ISBN
1341:ISBN
1155:The
1144:The
1127:The
1113:The
1105:The
1089:and
216:and
100:Died
70:Born
2876:, "
2843:at
2825:at
2577:hdl
2569:doi
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514:at
473:.
296:FRS
135:DSc
131:BSc
53:FRS
44:Sir
3018::
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2607:.
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2575:.
2567:.
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2551:.
2439:21
2437:.
2282:.
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1996:42
1994:.
1990:.
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1957:^
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2006:.
1952:.
1886:.
1825:.
1799:.
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1766::
1760:3
1728:.
1726:.
1194:.
1183:.
1173:.
137:)
129:(
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74:(
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20:)
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