Roger Casement - Knowledge

5586: 942:. They also had around ten Boras people with them, trafficked from the rubber station of La Sabana, part of La Chorrera's agency. Casement managed to get Brazilian authorities to issue an arrest warrant and order of expulsion from Brazilian territory; however, Casement wrote this was "not put into execution by the police officer dispatched for that purpose from Manaos". The instructions delivered to local authorities detailed that they would accompany Casement, detain Montt and Fonseca, then travel to the Peruvian port of Nazareth, located on Peru's border with Brazil, where Peruvian authorities could arrest the pair. Casement observed that on the day of his arrival at Benjamin Constant, the officer sent from Manaos, José P. de Campos, gathered with the commander of the local police and señor Serra of the Edwards & Serra firm. Casement became convinced that Serra bribed these two figures of authority, as Campos left four days after his arrival at Benjamin Constant instead of beginning his pursuit immediately while Montt and Fonseca were warned that authorities were actively seeking them. Montt and Fonseca managed to evade further attempts to secure their arrest by Peruvian and Brazilian authorities. 874:. Casement wrote in his journal that Normand and Macedo actively tried to discredit his investigation and bribe the Barbadian employees. Casement believed that Macedo and Normand would do anything to save themselves and thought that they might have the Barbadians arrested in Iquitos for libel. Casement even speculated that if he went to Matanzas alone, which was Normand's station, he might have "died of fever" and no one would have known. This alludes to previous suggestions that if Casement had not come to the Putumayo on an official mission, he might have been murdered. On his return to Iquitos, a French trader Casement had previously met, told Casement that if he hadn’t come in an official manner, the Company "would have got away with" him up there and his death would be blamed on the Natives. Casement interviewed both (some of) the Putumayo natives and men who had abused them, including thirty Barbadians, three of whom had also suffered from inhumane conditions imposed by the company. When the report was publicised, there was public outrage in Britain over the abuses. 839: 1924:

his 2002 Casement study. Hyde wrote that "Mr. Dudgeon’s confusion about the alleged authenticity of the ledger is understandable but it’s a fact that he published the compromising sentence for 17 years before deleting it without explanation in his third edition. He has spent over two decades pursuing the illusion of authenticity but finally he has inadvertently made a real contribution to the truth being discovered. This proof does not rest on interpretation of circumstantial evidence according to probabilities. As an apodeictic proof of logical necessity, it provides 100% certainty as in 2+2=4. Dudgeon's reply to The Devil & Mr. Casement denies any contradiction between the genuine document which records that Casement paid Millar and the disputed document of unknown provenance which records alleged payment to Corbally.

900: 811:, considered British subjects as part of the empire, had been ill-treated while working for PAC, which gave the government a reason to intervene (ordinarily it could not investigate the internal affairs of another country). These Barbadians were exploited into indebtedness to the Company, and used as enforcers against the Company's enslaved indigenous workforce. American civil engineer Walter Hardenburg had told Paternoster of witnessing a joint PAC and Peruvian military action against a Colombian rubber station, which they destroyed, stealing the rubber. He also saw Peruvian Indians whose backs were marked by severe whipping, in a pattern called the "Mark of Arana" (the head of the rubber company), and reported other abuses. 878: 1637:. However, Sullivan refused to agree and Casement was subsequently found guilty and sentenced to be hanged. Before, during and after the trial and appeal, British intelligence showed the police typescripts to the press and to influential persons. These portrayed Casement as a "sexual deviant" with numerous explicit accounts of homosexual activity. Scandalous rumours aroused public opinion against him and influenced those notables who might otherwise have tried to intervene. Given societal norms and the illegality of homosexuality at the time, support for Casement's reprieve declined in some quarters. The typescripts remained secret until published in 1959 as the 987: 950:

other parts of the world. With the collapse of business for PAC, most foreigners left Iquitos and it quickly returned to its former status as an isolated backwater. For a period, the rubber patrons that depended on the Putumayo Indians for their workforce, were largely left alone. Arana was never prosecuted as head of the company. He lived in London for years, then returned to Peru. Despite the scandal associated with Casement's report and international pressure on the Peruvian government to change conditions, Arana later had a successful political career. He was elected a senator and died in

1359: 911:, after he was discovered living comfortably in Barbados. O'Donnell had worked for Arana as the manager of Entre Rios for seven years, and hundreds of natives died under his administration. Casement noted that he was the "least criminal of the chief agents" and "I don't think he killed Indians for pleasure or sport - but only to terrorize for rubber". An extradition order was issued by Peru however it was found to be faulty, so O'Donnell was released on a legal technicality. He later escaped to Panama, and then the United States. Others, such as Armando Normand and 1044:

touch with everything native to my heart and mind, trying hard to do my duty, and every fresh act of duty made me appreciably nearer the ideal of the Englishman. I had accepted Imperialism. British rule was to be accepted at all costs, because it was the best for everyone under the sun, and those who opposed that extension ought rightly to be 'smashed.' I was on the high road to being a regular Imperialist jingo—although at heart underneath all, and unsuspected almost by myself, I had remained an Irishman. Well, the war, gave me qualms at the end—the

585: 370: 858:. The isolated area was outside the reach of the national government and near the border with Colombia, which periodically made incursions in competition for the rubber. For years, the Indians had been forced into unpaid labour by field staff of the PAC, who exerted absolute power over them and subjected them to near starvation, severe physical abuse, rape of women and girls by the managers and overseers, terrorization and casual murder. Casement found conditions as inhumane as those in the 44: 2040: 1912:, suggesting that Casement wrote partially fictional diaries of what he wished had taken place in homosexual encounters. Dudgeon suggested in a 2013 article that Casement needed to be "sexless" to fit his role as a Catholic martyr in the nationalist movement of the time. Dudgeon writes, "The evidence that Casement was a busy homosexual is in his own words and handwriting in the diaries, and is colossally convincing because of its detail and extent." 1743: 1887:, I would NOT recommend publication of the Giles Report because the report does not show HOW its conclusion was reached." and "To the question, 'Is the writing Roger Casement's?' on the basis of the Giles Report as it stands, my answer would have to be I cannot tell." Document examiner Marcel Matley wrote, "Even if every document examined were the authentic writing of Casement, this report does nothing to establish the fact". 886:

the British government, some wealthy board members of the PAC were horrified by what they learned. Arana and the Peruvian government promised to make changes. In 1911, the British government asked Casement to return to Iquitos and Putumayo to see if promised changes in treatment had occurred. In a report to the British foreign secretary, dated 17 March 1911, Casement detailed the rubber company's continued use of

1334:. His plan was that they would be trained to fight against Britain in the cause of Irish independence. 52 of the 2,000 prisoners volunteered for the Brigade. Contrary to German promises, they received no training in the use of machine guns, which at the time were relatively new and unfamiliar weapons. An anonymous but detailed account of Casement's unwelcoming reception at the camp appears in 1943: 1494: 680: 5605: 975: 1840:

typescripts and Casement's alleged homosexuality undermined support for him. The question of whether the diaries are genuine or forgeries has been much disputed. The diaries were declassified for limited inspection (by persons approved by the Home Office) in August 1959. The bound diaries which were not shown in 1916 may today be seen at the British

1292: 1310:, and is viewable online. This letter—written on official notepaper by Minister Findlay at the British Legation in Oslo—offers to Christensen the sum of £5,000 (equivalent to £606,100 in 2023) plus immunity from prosecution and free passage to the United States in return for information leading to the capture of Roger Casement. 442:

afraid of being caught off his guard". "An easy talker and a fluent writer", he could "expound a case, but not argue it". His greatest charm, of which he seemed "quite unconscious" was his voice, which was "very musical." The eyes were "kindly", but not given to laughter: "a sense of humour might have saved him from many things".

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Casement sent John McGoey, a recently arrived Irish-American, through Denmark to Dublin, ostensibly to advise what military aid was coming from Germany and when, but with Casement's orders "to get the Heads in Ireland to call off the rising and merely try to land the arms and distribute them". McGoey

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On the Irish interplay between religious factions and independence, Casement wrote to Bulmer Hobson in 1909: "The Irish Catholic, man for man, is a poor crawling coward as a rule. Afraid of his miserable soul and fearing the priest like the Devil". Freedom could come to Ireland ".. only through Irish

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Men, women, and children were confined in them for days, weeks, and often months. ... Whole families ... were imprisoned – fathers, mothers, and children, and many cases were reported of parents dying thus, either from starvation or from wounds caused by flogging, while their offspring

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In a recollection of Casement, which conceivably is coloured by knowledge of his subsequent fate, Ernest Hambloch, Casement's deputy during his consular posting to Brazil, recalls an "unexpected" figure: tall, ungainly; "elaborately courteous" but with "a good deal of pose about him, as though he was

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Macedo threatened the Barbadian employees during Casement's investigation in 1910. Casement's journal states "He has threatened the Barbados men here with being shot - with 'having them shot' if they told anything on him - and he has been the principal directing Agent in a series of appalling crimes

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In 1916, after Casement's conviction for high treason, British intelligence showed police typescripts (alleged copies of Casement’s diaries) to individuals campaigning for the commutation of Casement's death sentence. At a time of strong conservatism, not least among Irish Catholics, publicising the

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The Imperial Government formally declares that under no circumstances would Germany invade Ireland with a view to its conquest or the overthrow of any native institutions in that country. Should the fortune of this Great War, which was not of Germany's seeking, ever bring in its course German troops

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and Catholic missions in the region. Some entrepreneurs had smuggled out cuttings from rubber plants and began cultivation in southeast Asia in colonies of the British Empire. The scandal of the PAC caused major losses in business to the company, and rubber demand began to be met by farmed rubber in

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Casement's arrest and trial, Conrad had more critical thoughts: "Already in Africa, I judged he was a man, properly speaking, of no mind at all. I don't mean stupid. I mean that he was all emotion. By emotional force (Putumayo, Congo report etc) he made his way, and sheer temperament—a truly tragic

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Casement's sentiments on this subject may be examined through the following quote, written as a reply to Gerald Spicer: "if you ever attempt to 'Sir Roger' me again I'll enter into an alliance with the Aranas and Pablo Zumaeta to cut you off someday in the woods of St. James' Park, and convert you

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This article by Paul R. Hyde is described as a ‘conclusive proof of forgery’ of the Black Diaries; it scrutinizes contradictions between a genuine Casement document and the disputed 1911 ledger/diary. In the article, Hyde attributes the evidence for his proof to an error made by Jeffrey Dudgeon in

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Casement's report has been described as a "brilliant piece of journalism", as he wove together first-person accounts by both "victims and perpetrators of atrocities ... Never before had distant colonial subjects been given such personal voices in an official document." After his report was made to

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with Casement's support, and demanded action to relieve the situation of the Congolese. Other European nations followed suit, as did the United States. The British Parliament demanded a meeting of the 14 signatory powers to review the 1885 Berlin Agreement defining interests in Africa. The Belgian

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The Germans collected all the soldier prisoners of Irish nationality in one camp at Limburg not far from Frankfurt a. M. There efforts were made to induce them to join the German army. The men were well treated and were often visited by Sir Roger Casement who, working with the German authorities,

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Casement wrote extensively for his private record (as always) in those two years, 1910-1911. During this period, he continued to write in his diaries, and the one for 1911 was described as being unusually discursive. He kept them in London along with the 1903 diary and other papers of the period,

862:. On 23 October 1910, regarding those conditions, he wrote that "It far exceeds in depravity and demoralisation the Congo regime at its worst". With "the only redeeming feature" he could identify with being that the Putumayo genocide affected thousands, whereas Leopold's state affected millions. 1043:

It is a mistake for an Irishman to mix himself up with the English. He is bound to do one of two things—either to go to the wall if he remains Irish or to become an Englishman himself. You see I very nearly did become one once. At the Boer War time, I had been away from Ireland for years, out of

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In July 1904 Casement was appointed as Consul in Lisbon. This was seen in London as a comfortable and better paid promotion after his arduous service in Africa. Casement had responded that while he would take up the assignment, "it might relieve the Foreign Office of some embarrassment were I to

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Leopold had exploited the territory's natural resources (mostly rubber) as a private entrepreneur, not as king of the Belgians. Using violence and murder against men and their families, Leopold's private Force Publique had decimated many native villages in the course of forcing the men to gather

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Casement’s journal maintained during his 1910 investigation was published as The Amazon Journal of Roger Casement (London: Anaconda Editions, 1997). A companion volume of documents relevant to 1911 and his return to the Amazon was published as Angus Mitchell (ed.), Sir Roger Casement’s Heart of

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in Downing Street, requested the return of the remains. Churchill said he was not personally opposed to the idea but would consult with his colleagues and take legal advice. He ultimately turned down the Irish request, citing "specific and binding" legal obligations that the remains of executed

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and other critics of the king's Congolese policy, forced Léopold to set up an independent commission of inquiry. In 1905, despite Léopold's efforts, it confirmed the essentials of Casement's report. On 15 November 1908, the parliament of Belgium took over the Congo Free State from Léopold and

1672:, whose son Charles had been killed on the Western Front that January, and who would change the name of Casement's godson, who had been named after him. Members of the Casement family in Antrim contributed discreetly to the defence fund, although they had sons in the British Army and Navy. A 834:

as a trading centre, as all the company rubber was shipped down the Amazon River from there to the Atlantic port. Numerous foreigners had flocked to the area seeking their fortunes in the rubber boom, or at least some piece of the business. The rough frontier city, including both respectable

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PAC, with its operational headquarters in Iquitos, dominated the city and the region. The area was separated from the main population of Peru by the Andes, and it was 1,900 miles (3,100 km) from the Amazon's mouth at Pará. The British-registered company was effectively controlled by the

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Both efforts proved unsuccessful. In addition to finding it difficult to ally with the Germans while held as prisoners, potential recruits to Casement's brigade knew they would be liable to the death penalty as traitors if Britain won the war. In April 1916, Germany offered the Irish 20,000

1253:, to propose a mutually beneficial plan: if Germany would sell guns to the Irish revolutionaries and provide military leaders, the Irish would revolt against England, diverting troops and attention from the war with Germany. Bernstorff appeared sympathetic. Casement and Devoy sent an envoy, 298:

activities. Given prevailing views and existing laws on homosexuality, this material undermined support for clemency. Debates have continued about these diaries: a handwriting comparison study in 2002 concluded that Casement had written the diaries, but this was still contested by some.

1284:, Adler Christensen, a homeless Norwegian immigrant Casement had met in New York and made his valet and alleged lover (unawares he had a wife and daughter), was taken to the British legation, where a reward was allegedly offered if Casement were "knocked on the head". British diplomat 5486:

Eberspächer, Cord/Wiechmann, Gerhard. "Erfolg Revolution kann Krieg entscheiden". Der Einsatz von S.M.H. Libau im irischen Osteraufstand 1916 ("Success revolution may decide war". The use of S.M.H. Libau in the Easter Rising 1916), in: Schiff & Zeit, Nr. 67, Frühjahr 2008, S

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So long as Roger Casement's remains remain within British prison walls, when he himself expressed the wish that it should be transferred to his native land, so long there will be public resentment here at what must appear to be, at least, the unseemly obduracy of the British

522:"). Both were inspired by the idea that "European colonisation would bring moral and social progress to the continent and free its inhabitants 'from slavery, paganism and other barbarities.' Each would soon learn the gravity of his error." Conrad published his short novel 1890:

A very brief expert opinion in 1959 by a Home Office employee failed to identify Casement as the author of the diaries. This opinion is almost unknown and does not appear in the Casement literature. As late as July 2015 the UK National Archives ambiguously described the

1876:, and carried out by Dr. Audrey Giles. The results of this forensic investigation were announced at a London press conference on March 12, 2002. It concluded that the work was authentic "without any reason to suspect either forgery or interpolation by any other hand". 287:

that sought to gain Irish independence. He was arrested, convicted and executed for high treason. He was stripped of his knighthood and other honours. Before the trial, the British government circulated excerpts said to be from his private journals, known as the

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to the shores of Ireland, they would land there not as an army of invaders to pillage and destroy but as the forces of a Government that is inspired by goodwill towards a country and people for whom Germany desires only national prosperity and national freedom.

1174:, not only filled the Ballymoney Town Hall but had the crowd spilling out into the surrounding streets. In the event, the Ballymoney Protestant "Protest Against the Lawles Policy of Carsonism" proved to be the only meeting of its kind held anywhere in Ulster. 1617:

text, crucially altering the sense so that "in the realm or elsewhere" referred to where acts were done and not just to where the "King's enemies" might be. Afterwards, Casement himself wrote that he was to be "hanged on a comma", leading to the well-used

1633:) that they should jointly offer the typescripts produced by the Metropolitan Police in evidence; these were said to be official copies of Casement’s secret diaries. The prosecution assumed that Sullivan hoped to save Casement’s life with a verdict of 2973: 1347:

tried to get these Irishmen to desert their flag and join the Germans. A few weaklings were persuaded by Sir Roger who finally discontinued his visits, after obtaining about thirty recruits, because the remaining Irishmen chased him out of the camp.

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In the event Casement found the undemanding and routine nature of consular work in a European capital to lack the challenge and satisfaction of his earlier postings. Poor health gave grounds for his returning to Britain after only a few months.

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In a letter to Mrs. J. R. Green, (the Irish historian Alice Stopford Green) dated 20 April 1906 Casement reflected on his conversion to the national cause as someone who had "accepted imperialism" and had been close to an "ideal" Englishman:

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Handwritten statement by Mansfeldt de Cardonnel Findlay, H.B.M. Minister, British Legation at Christiania, Norway promising to pay Adler Christensen the sum of £5,000 for the provision of information that would lead to the capture of Roger

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Casement's diaries kept in Germany, containing his speaking openly of his treason, have been edited and published by Angus Mitchell (ed.), One Bold Deed of Open Treason: The Berlin Diary of Roger Casement 1914–1916 (Dublin: Merrion Press,

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had either misunderstood or disobeyed Pearse's instructions that the arms were under no circumstances to land before Easter Sunday, the Irish Transport and General Workers' Union (TGWU) members set to unload the arms under the command of

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sailed. According to Monteith, Casement believed the Germans were toying with him from the start and providing inadequate aid that would doom a rising to failure. He wanted to reach Ireland before the shipment of arms and to convince

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The British had intercepted German communications coming from Washington and suspected that there was going to be an attempt to land arms at Ireland, although they were not aware of the precise location. The arms ship, under Captain

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Casement made two lengthy visits to the region, first in 1910 with a commission of commercial investigators. During his first journey in the Putumayo, he met several people connected to the company's most infamous actions, including

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seemed to apply only to activities carried out on English (or arguably British) soil. A close reading of the Act allowed for a broader interpretation: the court decided that a comma should be read into the unpunctuated original

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Some of the ways the company exploited these Barbadians, include wage theft, charging extortionate prices for the goods necessary to survive, violating agreed terms of a signed contract, encouraging unrestricted gambling, and

1856:. In 2019 Paul R. Hyde published Anatomy of a lie; Decoding Casement, a controversial investigation of the diaries which cited much official evidence and concluded that the bound diaries were forged after Casement’s death. 622:

rubber and abusing them to increase productivity. Casement's report provoked controversy, and some companies with a business interest in the Congo rejected its findings, as did Casement's former boss, Alfred Lewis Jones.

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Mitchell's argument that has persistently argued that the question of Casement's sexuality has nothing to do with whether or not the diaries are forged has largely debunked Dudgeon's argument. See "The Black Stain",

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Estimates of the weapons shipment hover around the 20,000 mark. The BBC gives the figure the German government originally agreed to ship as "25,000 captured Russian rifles, and one million rounds of ammunition".

1848:. Historians and biographers of Casement's life have taken opposing views. Roger McHugh (in 1976) and Angus Mitchell (since the 1990s) regard the diaries as forged. Mitchell has published several articles in the 2965: 1832:, who published an edition of all the diaries said, "His homosexual life was almost entirely out of sight and disconnected from his career and political work". If genuine, the diaries reveal Casement was a 838: 5002: 4386: 1568:

was in train and therefore ordered the Brigade to "do nothing" – a subsequent internal inquiry attached "no blame whatsoever" to the local Volunteers for failing to attempt a rescue. "He was taken to

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Some of the company men exposed as killers in his 1910 report were charged by Peru, while most fled the region and were never captured. In 1911, Casement tried to have one man in particular arrested,

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in London. Suffering from a recurrence of the malaria that had plagued him since his days in the Congo, and too weak to keep up with Monteith and Bailey, Casement was discovered by a sergeant of the

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in 1899, exploring the colonial ills. Casement later exposed the conditions he found in the Congo during an official investigation for the British government. In these formative years, he also met

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but the Jephson family's historian provides no evidence of this. The family lived in England in genteel poverty; Roger's mother died when he was nine. His father took the family back to Ireland to

1687:, 3 August 1916, Casement was received into the Catholic Church at his request. He was attended by two Catholic priests, Dean Timothy Ring and Father James Carey, from the East London parish of 1205:

In July 1914, Casement journeyed to the United States to promote and raise money for the Volunteers among the large and numerous Irish communities there. Through his friendship with men such as

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Brian Inglis (1974, op cit.) commented at p. 115 that "..although she allowed the children to be brought up as Protestants, she had them baptised 'conditionally' when Roger was four years old."

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Slavery in Peru: Message from the President of the United States Transmitting Report of the Secretary of State, with Accompanying Papers, Concerning the Alleged Existence of Slavery in Peru

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In his Putumayo report, Casement wrote that "eliberate starvation was again and again resorted to, but this not where it was desired merely to frighten, but where the intention was to kill.

1166:. But the Unionist-controlled council refused to allow the group access to the local Town Hall, and nothing came of it. Meanwhile an anti-Home Rule meeting addressed by Carson's lieutenant 6013: 1691:. The latter, also known as James McCarroll, said of Casement that he was "a saint ... we should be praying to him instead of for him". At the time of his death he was 51 years old. 2566: 5973: 2514: 792:(PAC), which had been registered in Britain in 1907 and had a British board of directors and numerous stockholders. In September 1909, a journalist named Sidney Paternoster wrote in 448:'s first impressions of Casement, from an encounter in the Congo he judged "a positive piece of good luck", was "thinks, speaks, well, most intelligent and very sympathetic". Later, 2292: 4431: 5923: 5550: 4054:

Here lived in summer 1915 Sir Roger Casement, a martyr for Ireland's freedom, a magnanimous friend of Germany in grave times. He sealed the love of his country with his blood.

5978: 2923: 1715:. During the decades after his execution, successive British governments refused many formal requests for repatriation of Casement's remains. For example, in September 1953, 946: 899: 219: 159:

a knighthood for his efforts on behalf of the Amazonian Indians, having been appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in 1905 for his Congo work.

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In October 1914, Casement sailed for Germany via Norway, travelling in disguise and seeing himself as an ambassador of the Irish nation. While the journey was his idea,

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in the harvesting and export of rubber and other resources. In trade, Belgium shipped guns and other materials to the Congo, used chiefly to suppress the local people.

1288:, in contrast, advised London that Christensen had "implied that their relations were of an unnatural nature and that consequently he had great power over this man". 1162:

Enthused by the meeting, which had been covered by all the London and Irish papers, Casement resolved to replicate the Ballymoney meeting across Ulster, starting with

2328:(2012) is a biographical novel by Alan Lewis, which presents a "fictional reimagining" of Casement's prison memoirs, based on his writings, histories and biographies. 488:. Casement worked on a survey to improve communication and recruited and supervised workmen in building a railroad to bypass the lower 220 miles (350 km) of the 492:, which is made unnavigable by cataracts, in order to improve transportation and trade to the Upper Congo. During his commercial work, he learned African languages. 5034: 1249:

In August 1914, at the outbreak of World War I, Casement and John Devoy arranged a meeting in New York with the western hemisphere's top-ranking German diplomat,

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Already in November 1913, Casement had begun focussing on responding to "Carsonism" in kind: he became a Gaelic League member of the Provisional Committee of the

532:, and they became longtime friends. Ward left Africa in 1889, and devoted his time to becoming an artist, and his experience there strongly influenced his work. 6008: 1390:

and accompanying ammunition, but no German officers; it was a fraction of the quantity of the arms Casement had hoped for, with no military expertise on offer.

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Protestants committed to taking the case for an Irish Ireland to their co-religionists. These included Ada McNeil, with whom Casement helped organise the first

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as an intermediary. The Indian nationalists may also have followed Casement's strategy of trying to recruit prisoners of war to fight for Indian independence.

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In Africa as a young man, Casement first worked for commercial interests before joining the British Colonial Service. In 1891 he was appointed as a British

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presumably so they could be consulted in his continuing work as "Congo Casement" and as the saviour of the Putumayo Indians. In 1911 Casement received a

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party (founded 1905), which called for an independent Ireland (through a non-violent series of strikes and boycotts). Its sole imperial tie would be a

6023: 5461:(chapters 7–8), an account of the Easter Uprising and Casement's involvement from the head of Scotland Yard at the time. London: Hodder and Stoughton. 1688: 1676:

appeal against the death sentence was rejected by the British cabinet on the insistence of prosecutor F. E. Smith, an opponent of Irish independence.

1805:, who was then in his mid-eighties and the last surviving leader of the Easter Rising, attended the ceremony, along with an estimated 30,000 others. 5938: 5933: 398:, and he was left dependent on the charity of relatives, the Youngs and the Casements. He was educated at the Diocesan School, Ballymena (later the 324: 6018: 5656: 1895:

as "attributed to Roger Casement", while at the same time unambiguously declaring their satisfaction with the result of the private Giles Report.

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on the morning of Saturday 22 April, Captain Spindler scuttled the ship by pre-set explosive charges. Its surviving crew became prisoners of war.

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and his unionists "to represent the Protestant community of North East Ulster", and condemning the prospect of "lawless resistance" to Home Rule.

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be brought into Northern Ireland, as "the government feared that a reburial there could provoke Catholic celebrations and Protestant reactions."

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might have tried to rescue him over the next three days, but its leadership in Dublin held that not a shot was to be fired in Ireland before the

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did not reach Dublin, nor did his message. His fate was unknown until recently. Evidently abandoning the Irish Nationalist cause, he joined the

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in late July 1914, which Casement had helped to organise and (with a loan from Alice Stopford Green) finance, further enhanced his reputation.

5240:. Belfast Press (includes first publication of 1911 diary); 2nd paperback and Kindle editions, 2016; 3rd paperback and Kindle editions, 2019, 4987: 417:

Roger Casement's brother, Thomas Hugh Jephson Casement (1863–1939), had a roving life at sea and as a soldier, and later helped establish the

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The Putumayo, the Devil's Paradise; Travels in the Peruvian Amazon Region and an Account of the Atrocities Committed Upon the Indians Therein

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In the early hours of 21 April 1916, three days before the rising began, the German submarine put Casement and his two companions ashore at

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to interview people throughout the region, including workers, overseers and mercenaries. He delivered a long, detailed eyewitness report to

5983: 5623: 2506: 1723: 788:. He was attached as a consular representative to a commission investigating reports about an enslaved workforce collecting rubber for the 1545:. When three pistols were discovered hidden nearby, the RIC arrested Casement on a charge of illegally bringing weapons into the country. 1226:

did not trust Casement completely, as he was not a member of the IRB and held views that they considered too moderate but others, such as

366:, 80 miles (130 km) from Rhyl, raising the question as to why such a supposedly important event should also become so misremembered. 5534: 4124: 5892: 5872: 5058: 4729: 4650: 4438: 1626: 1167: 1045: 556: 5674: 4849: 1642: 851: 578: 5547: 5877: 5730: 5480: 5437: 5415: 5385: 5370: 5334: 5290: 5164: 5112: 4877: 4268: 4249:, also mentioning that the sergeant had "received information from evidently a loyal peasant", see HL Deb 4 May 1916 vol 21 cc940-1. 4159: 4108: 3902: 3855: 3785: 3681: 3656: 3029: 3004: 2709: 2026: 986: 963: 796:, a British magazine, of abuses against PAC workers as well as Peruvians competing against Colombians in the disputed region of the 763: 477: 2433:

committed on the native population whereby the Company's 'workers' have been reduced in numbers and in physical capacity for work."

5539: 1652:

Casement unsuccessfully appealed against his conviction and death sentence. Those who pleaded for clemency for Casement included

2920: 2776: 2307:(winner of the Nobel Prize for literature) is a historical novel based on Roger Casement's life, translated from the Spanish by 2271: 1960: 1366:

During World War I, Casement is known to have been involved in the German-backed plan by Indians to win their freedom from the

697: 5518: 4602: 1879:

Two US forensic-document examiners reviewed the Giles Report; both were critical of it. James Horan stated, "As editor of the

6003: 5953: 5502: 2007: 1964: 1703:

in the prison cemetery at the rear of Pentonville Prison, where he had been hanged, though his last wish was to be buried at

1510:

in 1916, survived the war, and later returned to the United States, where he died in an accident on a building site in 1925.

1355:

in the German Foreign Office, renouncing all his titles in a letter to the British Foreign Secretary dated 1 February 1915.

1250: 1230:, regarded him as extreme. Devoy, initially hostile to Casement for his part in conceding control of the Irish Volunteers to 1012: 744: 701: 608:

that exposed abuses: "the enslavement, mutilation, and torture of natives on the rubber plantations". It became known as the

4755: 1979: 1463:, before he left Germany. He departed with Robert Monteith and Sergeant Daniel Beverley (Bailey) of the Irish Brigade in a 716: 5689: 2255: 1759: 1429: 1123:

Casement retired from the British consular service in the summer of 1913. In October he spoke at a Protestant assembly at

5031: 4543: 2966:"Daniel J Danielsen – a pioneering humanitarian who helped Roger Casement expose the horror of Belgian rule in the Congo" 1762:

record of the repatriation decision refers to him as "Sir Roger Casement". Contrary to Casement's wishes, Prime Minister

5558: 4804: 4413: 2190: 1782: 1210: 1128: 912: 339: 1371: 5988: 5649: 5619: 2063: 2052: 1986: 1358: 945:

After his return to Britain, Casement repeated his extra-consular campaigning work by organising interventions by the

931: 723: 5452:

The Black Diaries. An Account of Roger Casement's Life and Times with a Collection of His Diaries and Public Writings

3994: 2852: 2118: 1032: 2204:, demanding the return of Casement's remains, with the refrain, "The ghost of Roger Casement/Is beating on the door" 245:

leader. Described as the "father of twentieth-century human rights investigations", he was honoured in 1905 for the

6033: 5998: 5993: 5958: 5816: 3943: 2688: 2544: 1841: 1634: 1630: 1262: 362:. However, the priest who arranged his baptism in 1916 clearly stated that the claimed earlier baptism had been in 5968: 4927: 4521: 4350: 1629:), who had admired Casement's work while he was a British consul, informally suggested to the defence barrister ( 1307: 1258: 1008: 4462:

See Angus Mitchell, Roger Casement and the History Question, History Ireland, July August 2016, 24:4, pp. 34–37.

3510: 1993: 730: 5841: 4504: 4333: 2214: 1853: 1530: 1097: 626: 3482: 2635: 5564: 4079: 826:, Arana had climbed out of poverty to own and operate a company harvesting great quantities of rubber in the 5300: 2361: 1953: 1684: 1669: 1605: 1589: 1411:. All the crew were German sailors but their clothes and effects, plus charts and books, were Norwegian. As 923: 919: 842:

Enslaved natives with a load of rubber weighing 75 kilos, having journeyed 100 kilometers with no food given

789: 690: 669: 529: 500: 343: 261: 1975: 1560:

against the Crown. He sent word to Dublin about the inadequate German assistance. The Kerry Brigade of the

712: 5806: 5642: 5066: 2235: 1608:. The prosecution had trouble arguing its case. Casement's crimes had been carried out in Germany and the 1227: 593: 335: 238: 145: 5169:

1914–16 'One Bold Deed of Open Treason: The Berlin Diary of Roger Casement', Mitchell, Angus ed., Merrion

2318:

released an instrumental entitled "The Betrayal of Roger Casement & the Irish Brigade" on their 2008

1542: 927: 908: 5796: 5524: 4702: 4677: 3521:

Gillean McIntosh and Muireann Ó'Cinnéide eds., University College Dublin Press, (pp. 67-84), pp. 68-70.

2299: 1908: 1614: 1077: 1049: 823: 584: 568: 481: 430: 98: 5740: 2114: 1270: 777: 625:

When the report was made public, opponents of Congolese conditions formed interest groups, such as the

253:

and knighted in 1911 for his important investigations of human rights abuses in the rubber industry in

1742: 5918: 5913: 5791: 5709: 3718: 1798: 1673: 1144: 819: 519: 473: 268:

and his investigation into colonial atrocities against indigenous peoples, Casement grew to mistrust

110: 5238:

Roger Casement: The Black Diaries with a Study of his Background, Sexuality and Irish Political Life

2166:

Casement has been the subject of ballads, poetry, novels, and TV series since his death, including:

2123:

In Cork, an estate is named Roger Casement Park after him in Glasheen, a western suburb of the city.

1572:

to be placed under special observation for fear of an attempt of suicide. There was no staff at the

2350: 2209: 2171: 1755: 1661: 1526: 1456: 1433: 1331: 1323: 1299: 1148: 850:, where the rubber was harvested deep in the Amazon Basin, and explored the treatment of the local 544: 495: 387: 369: 273: 43: 5272:

The Devil and Mr. Casement: One Man's Battle for Human Rights in South America's Heart of Darkness

3413:

The devil and Mr. Casement: one man's battle for human rights in South America's heart of darkness

5846: 5836: 4477: 3959: 3597: 2949: 2896: 2821: 2304: 2181: 2095: 1903: 1790: 1774: 1747: 1653: 1417: 1186: 1140: 1069: 411: 5801: 2039: 1868:

was commissioned by Professor William J. McCormack of Goldsmiths College, jointly funded by the

1802: 1719: 1003:, an organisation established in 1893 to preserve and revive the spoken and literary use of the 781: 316:

to an Anglo-Irish family, and lived in very early childhood at Doyle's Cottage, Lawson Terrace,

4598:, 3d ed.: 2 (Kindle Location 7669). McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. Kindle Edition. 4182: 4176: 1011:(IPP) to lobby for his work in the Congo. He did not support those, like the IPP, who proposed 5882: 5581: 5498: 5476: 5433: 5411: 5396: 5381: 5366: 5330: 5286: 5276: 5259: 5241: 5194: 5160: 5135: 5108: 4953: 4903: 4312: 4264: 4186: 4155: 4128: 4104: 3898: 3851: 3765: 3677: 3652: 3564: 3536: 3483:"Where Casement would have stood today - Address to the Roger Casement Sinn Fein Club, Dublin" 3421: 3417: 3411: 3106: 3025: 3000: 2916: 2760: 2741: 2705: 2392:(2002) is a documentary that investigates the authenticity of the forensic examination of the 2383: 2335:, based mainly on his interrogation at Scotland Yard, was performed for the first time at the 2099: 1726: 1569: 1475: 1468: 1352: 1285: 1243: 1194: 1171: 939: 895:

were attached alongside them to watch in misery themselves the dying agonies of their parents.

847: 665: 635: 615: 524: 399: 226: 170: 5256:

Roger Casement's German Diary 1914–1916 including 'A Last Page' and associated correspondence

5055: 4654: 1383: 5851: 5704: 5694: 5590: 5492: 5329:, London: Hodder and Stoughton. Republished 1993 by Blackstaff Belfast and by Penguin 2002; 4472: 2944: 2375: 2185: 2000: 1712: 1609: 1561: 1235: 1182: 1178: 859: 737: 564: 536: 504: 485: 418: 334:

merchant who went bankrupt and later moved to Australia. Captain Casement had served in the

250: 175: 149: 5541:

Report of the British Consul, Roger Casement, on the Administration of the Congo Free State

4845: 2442:"and it is on the forced labour of these people that they now rely for their subsistence." 346:. After the family moved to England, Roger's mother, Anne Jephson (or Jepson), of a Dublin 5699: 5571: 5565:

Irish Military Archives : DOD/3/47020 : Funeral/burial Roger Casement and others

5554: 5295: 5062: 5042: 5038: 4931: 4808: 4606: 4417: 4228: 4086: 4064:

Plowman, Matthew Erin. "Irish Republicans and the Indo–German Conspiracy of World War I",

3971: 2927: 2891: 2780: 2220: 1829: 1786: 1656:, who was acquainted with Casement through the work of the Congo Reform Association, poet 1573: 1397:

until after the plan was fully developed. The German weapons never landed in Ireland; the

1375: 1339: 1327: 1295: 1266: 1132: 1020: 959: 867: 827: 797: 610: 540: 467: 246: 5760: 5082: 4871: 4365: 3796: 2157:, there is a Casement Street, named for his great-grandfather, who was a solicitor there. 1750:. The capstone reads "Roger Casement, who died for the sake of Ireland, 3rd August 1916". 1080:. A wealthy Presbyterian solicitor, at his house on the northern shore of Belfast Lough, 5181:

Gesammelte Schriften. Irland, Deutschland und die Freiheit der Meere und andere Aufsätze

4969: 3053:

See Roger Casement in: "Rubber, the Amazon and the Atlantic World 1884–1916" (Humanitas)

1439:

on the late afternoon of Good Friday. About to be escorted into Queenstown (present-day

999:

In Ireland in 1904, on leave from Africa from that year until 1905, Casement joined the

830:, which was much in demand on the world market. The rubber boom had led to expansion in 5887: 5750: 5714: 5684: 5528: 4246: 2308: 1136: 1113: 1016: 1004: 785: 573: 548: 422: 403: 383: 351: 331: 230: 207: 3759: 2481: 1455:

Casement confided his personal papers to Dr Charles Curry, with whom he had stayed at

5907: 5826: 5811: 5786: 5745: 5735: 5665: 5628: 5270: 4178:

1916 The Long Revolution, The First World War and the Rising: Mode, Moment and Memory

2773: 2393: 2379: 2365: 2259: 2231: 2175: 2154: 2143: 2081:

Gaelscoil Mhic Easmainn (Irish for Casement) is an Irish-speaking national school in

2048: 1833: 1824: 1817: 1778: 1763: 1708: 1665: 1565: 1487: 1394: 1213:(IRB), Casement established connections with exiled Irish nationalists, particularly 1206: 1156: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1028: 1000: 979: 871: 640: 618:

of European powers and the United States effectively gave him free rein in the area.

589: 511: 445: 391: 290: 284: 242: 79: 1679:

Casement's knighthood was forfeited on 29 June 1916. On the day of his execution by

394:

to live near paternal relatives. When Casement was 13 years old, his father died in

5831: 5821: 5251: 5233: 5070: 4037: 3621: 3464: 2857: 2461:

Sir Basil Thomson headed Scotland Yard's Criminal Investigation Division during WWI

2336: 2287: 2251: 2110: 1730:

prisoners could not be exhumed. De Valera disputed the legal advice and responded:

1704: 1646: 1601: 1585: 1549: 1522: 1514: 1231: 1215: 1152: 935: 918:

Between September and November of 1911, Casement attempted to secure the arrest of

816: 552: 223: 49: 2138:

Many streets are named for him, including Casement Road, Park, Drive and Grove in

1024: 241:

as a diplomat, becoming known as a humanitarian activist, and later as a poet and

17: 5615: 5129: 4599: 3100: 1777:) in Dublin city for five days, close to the graves of other leaders of the 1916 382:

According to an 1892 letter, Casement believed his mother was descended from the

5856: 5765: 5755: 4293: 3868: 2276: 2239: 2197: 2126:

In Clonakilty, County Cork, a street and adjacent estate is named in his honour.

2075: 1942: 1657: 1493: 1444: 1424:

were not ready. The IRB men sent to meet the boat drove off a pier and drowned.

1387: 1367: 1073: 915:, were arrested but escaped from jail before the conclusion of trials in court. 903:

Flogging of a Putumayo native, carried out by the employees of Julio César Arana

679: 630: 601: 567:, to investigate the human rights situation in that colony of the Belgian king, 560: 489: 363: 280: 269: 234: 5577: 5157:

Ireland, Germany and Freedom of the Seas: A Possible Outcome of the War of 1914

4309:

Odd People: Hunting Spies in the First World War (original title: Queer People)

2641:. National Library of Ireland/Leabharlann Náisiúnta na hÉireann. Archived from 1668:

could not forgive Casement, nor could Casement's longtime friend, the sculptor

4799: 4535: 4407: 4205:

Casement's diary entry for 27 March 1916, National Library of Ireland, MS 5244

1518: 1507: 1412: 1398: 1124: 835:

businesses and the vice district, was highly influenced by the PAC and Arana.

295: 5519:"Ireland, Germany and Europe", From the Digital Library@Villanova University. 4653:. Research Hallmark, Goldsmiths College, University of London. Archived from 1836:

who had many partners, had a fondness for young men and mostly paid for sex.

1197:

through the port, a feat Casement told her nationalists would have to match.

1048:

bigger ones—and finally, when up in those lonely Congo forests where I found

272:. After retiring from consular service in 1913, he became more involved with 5363:

Aguirre: The Re-creation of a Sixteenth-Century Journey Across South America

5174:

The Crime against Europe. The Causes of the War and the Foundations of Peace

4536:"Digital materials for the study and appreciation of Anglo–Irish Literature" 2537:"Humanities InstituteRoger Casement: A Human Rights Celebration (1916–2016)" 2283: 2150: 1758:. Despite the annulment, or withdrawal, of his knighthood in 1916, the 1965 1716: 1700: 1557: 1464: 1313:

In November 1914, Casement negotiated a declaration by Germany which stated:

1163: 974: 887: 605: 407: 395: 317: 75: 2598:

One Bold Deed of Open Treason: The Berlin Diary of Roger Casement 1914–1916

990:

Poster advertising public meeting "Against the Lawless Policy of Carsonism"

5535:

Roger Casement's speech from the Dock at the end of his trial for treason.

5183:. Diessen vor München: Joseph Huber Verlag. Second expanded edition, 1917. 4939:, vol 24, no. 3 (October 1972), pp. 327–28, Johns Hopkins University Press 4492:

A History of St Mary and St Michael's Parish, Commercial Road, East London

3986: 3102:

The Devil and Mr. Casement: One Man's Battle for Human Rights in South ...

2636:"The 1916 Rising: Personalities & Perspectives (an online exhibition)" 2225: 2043:

1966 Ireland stamps commemorating the 50th anniversary of Casement's death

577:, Leopold had squeezed revenue out of the people of the territory through 5610: 5599: 4730:"Lost to History: An Assessment and Review of the Casement Black Diaries" 2067: 1773:

Casement's remains lay in state at the Garrison Church, Arbour Hill (now

1766:'s government had released the remains only on condition that they could 1553: 1534: 1460: 1403: 1362:

Plaque commemorating Casement's stay in Bavaria during the summer of 1915

1065: 962:

for his efforts on behalf of the Amazonian Indians having been appointed

808: 614:

of 1904. King Leopold had held the Congo Free State since 1885, when the

347: 265: 4703:"British History in depth: Roger Casement: Secrets of the Black Diaries" 4678:"British History in depth: Roger Casement: Secrets of the Black Diaries" 3936: 3601: 3585: 2825: 2809: 1401:

intercepted the ship transporting them, a German cargo vessel named the

1084:, Bigger hosted not only the poets and writers of the "Northern Revival" 800:. The article was titled "The Devil's Paradise: A British-Owned Congo". 5159:. New York & Philadelphia: The Irish Press Bureau. Reprinted 2005: 4924: 2507:"Kerry marks first anniversary of Casement execution – Century Ireland" 2139: 2129:

A monument at Banna Strand in Kerry is open to the public at all times.

2089: 2071: 2056: 1967: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1680: 1619: 1538: 1185:

in Dublin. At the same time White and Connolly at the ITGWU formed the

831: 804: 776:

In 1906 the Foreign Office sent Casement to Brazil: first as consul in

704: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 350:

family, purportedly had him secretly baptised at the age of three as a

328: 5408:

The Eyes of Another Race: Roger Casement's Congo Report and 1903 Diary

4383:"Roger Casement: The Gay Irish Humanitarian Who Was Hanged on a Comma" 3416:(1st American ed.). New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. p. 2795:

British Consul: Memories of Thirty Years' Service in Europe and Brazil

1291: 4762:. Vol. 24, no. 4. Dublin, Ireland: History Publications Ltd 4576:'De Valera Rule, 1932–75' by David McCullagh; Gill Books 2018 pg. 333 2263: 2106: 2092:

there is an estate named after him in Árd Easmuinn, Casement Heights.

2082: 1906:

presented a mixed account of Casement's sexuality in his 2010 novel,

1794: 1242:

leader, became devoted to Casement and remained so from then on. The

1089: 313: 264:, a profession he followed for more than 20 years. Influenced by the 5595: 5228:

Prelude to the Easter Rising: Sir Roger Casement in Imperial Germany

4627: 4283:

Memoir of Willie Mullins, quoted at a Casement commemoration in 1968

3764:. Internet Archive. London; New York : Allen Lane. p. 41. 3310: 3274: 3262: 3250: 3226: 3086: 2612: 2567:"Roger Casement: Ten facts about the Irish patriot executed in 1916" 1885:

The Journal of the American Society of Questioned Document Examiners

1641:

Bound diaries said to be the originals are kept in the British

1330:

taken in the early months of the war and held in the prison camp of

1261:, to present their plan personally. Kenny, while unable to meet the 402:). He left school at 16 and went to England to work as a clerk with 5529:

1914–1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War

4596:

Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons

2642: 1828:, a set of diaries covering the years 1903, 1910 and 1911 (twice). 1265:, did receive a warm reception from the German ambassador to Italy 4628:"Cult of the Sexless Casement with Special Reference to the Novel 4311:. London, UK: Biteback Publishing. pp. e-book location 1161. 2038: 1741: 1492: 1357: 1290: 1190: 985: 973: 898: 876: 837: 583: 494: 368: 359: 5003:"' Gentlemen': a superb novel about Irish patriot Roger Casement" 4756:"Casement tried and tested—the Giles Report on the Black Diaries" 3193:

Darkness: The 1911 Documents (Irish Manuscripts Commission, 2003)

1351:

On 27 December 1914, Casement signed an agreement in Berlin with

1322:

Casement spent most of his time in Germany seeking to recruit an

5634: 4821:"Roger Casement statue unveiled and will stand in Dún Laoghaire" 3586:"No Other Place but Ireland: Alice Milligan's Diary and Letters" 1440: 1281: 951: 855: 355: 254: 5638: 5454:. Paris: The Olympia Press. First edition of the Black Diaries. 1031:

between Britain and Ireland, modelled on the policy example of

4181:. G. Doherty & D. Keogh (editors). Mercier Press. p. 1936: 1919:

appeared on the website of the Irish current affairs magazine

1873: 1869: 1845: 1645:, whilst most of the other exhibits from the trial are in the 673: 5213:

Secondary Literature, and other materials cited in this entry

4567:'De Valera Rule, 1932–75' by David McCullagh; Gill Books 2018 3793:

Herstory III: Profiles of a further eights Ulster-Scots women

2486:

The University of Notre Dame & The University of Limerick

1490:(who he believed was still in control) to cancel the rising. 1189:. In April 1914, he had been together with Alice Milligan in 480:

from 1884; this association became known as a front for King

4780:'Paul Hyde, "Casement Tried and Tested – The Giles Report", 1785:, the remains were buried with full military honours in the 2482:"Ruairí Mac Easmainn/Roger Casement: The Global Imperative" 2223:

refers to Casement and the 1916 Uprising in her 1941 novel

2174:" tells the story of Casement's role in the prelude to the 1342:

mentioned the effort in his memoir "Four Years in Germany":

978:

Casement attempted to smuggle weapons from Germany for the

283:, he made efforts to gain German military aid for the 1916 5131:

Sir Roger Casement's Heart of Darkness: The 1911 Documents

3704:

A Ripple in the Pond: The Home Rule Revolt in North Antrim

3357: 3355: 2360:

is a historical novel based on Casement's friendship with

2243:(1958), speaks of the respect his family had for Casement. 1797:, alongside other Irish republicans and nationalists. The 27:

Irish diplomat, activist, nationalist and poet (1864–1916)

3895:

Broken Archangel: The Tempestuous Lives of Roger Casement

1754:

Finally, in 1965, Casement's remains were repatriated to

930:

at the settlement of Santa Theresa, around 40 miles from

5611:

Boehm/Casement Papers. A UCD Digital Library Collection.

5342:

Terrible Queer Creatures: Homosexuality in Irish History

4988:"The graphic tale of Irish revolutionary Roger Casement" 4043:, 13 May 1916 (New York: Funk and Wagnall), pp. 1376–77 3511:"The New Women of the Glens Writers and Revolutionaries" 1120:

Protestants, because they are not afraid of any Bogey".

1019:

would veto such efforts. Casement was more impressed by

964:

Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG)

338:. He travelled to Europe to fight as a volunteer in the 5473:

Sir Roger Casement und die deutsch-irischen Beziehungen

5406:Ó Síocháin, Séamas and Michael O’Sullivan, eds., 2004. 5150:

The Crime against Ireland, and How the War May Right it

5105:

Roger Casement's Diaries: 1910. The Black and the White

4950:

Dying for Ireland: The Prison Memoirs of Roger Casement

2132:

A statue of him is erected in Ballyheigue, County Kerry

881:

Roger Casement and Juan A. Tizón at La Chorrera in 1910

5450:

Singleton-Gates, Peter, & Maurice Girodias, 1959.

3869:"The role of Roger Casement in the 1916 Easter Rising" 3535:. Belfast: Ulster Historical Association. p. 73. 2853:"The Dream of the Celt by Mario Vargas Llosa – review" 2293:

Cries from Casement as His Bones are Brought to Dublin

1822:

British officials have claimed that Casement kept the

514:, who had come to the Congo to pilot a merchant ship, 5285:

Harris, Brian, "Injustice", Sutton Publishing. 2006;

4651:"The Casement Diaries: A Suitable Case for Treatment" 4261:

Broken Angel. The Tempestuous Lives of Roger Casement

4229:"Vehicles, Aircraft and Ships – Boat, Wooden, German" 4101:

Broken Angel. The Tempestuous Lives of Roger Casement

3022:

Broken Angel. The Tempestuous Lives of Roger Casement

2997:

Broken Angel. The Tempestuous Lives of Roger Casement

2797:. London: George G. Harrap & Co. pp. 71, 76. 2783:, genealogy.metastudies.net; accessed 16 August 2017. 2184:

used Casement as an inspiration for the character of

551:

service as British consul in the eastern part of the

5949:

Activists against atrocities in the Congo Free State

5574:

digitised file of preparations for the state funeral

2348:

Roger Casement is discussed in W. G. Sebald's novel

1209:, a member both of the Volunteers and of the secret 5865: 5779: 5723: 5672: 421:Service. He was the inspiration for a character in 184: 163: 155: 141: 133: 116: 106: 87: 57: 34: 5356:Roger Casement in Death or Haunting the Free State 4503: 4332: 3651:. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan. pp. 552–553. 2691:, Dublin; file of Fr. Cronin (1951), WS 588, p. 2. 2378:on the life of Roger Casement. The name refers to 2275:(1968), was made about his time in Germany during 5423:Roger Casement: Imperialist, Rebel, Revolutionary 3835:Roger Casement: Imperialist, Rebel, Revolutionary 2738:Roger Casement, Imperialist, Rebel, Revolutionary 1143:). On a platform with Ada McNeill, the historian 6014:People stripped of a British Commonwealth honour 4437:. Kerry County Museum. p. 3. Archived from 3795:. Ulster-Scots Community Network. Archived from 3044:Brian Inglis, "Roger Casement" 1973, pp. 157–165 1306:Findlay's handwritten letter of 1914 is kept in 1155:, he spoke to the motion disputing the claim of 5128:Casement, Roger (2003). Mitchell, Angus (ed.). 3824:(Dublin, The O'Brien Press, 2013), pp. 226–66. 3533:Feis Na Ngleann: Gaelic Culture in Antrim Glens 3471:; Harcourt Jovanovich, 1974; pp. 118–20; 134–39 3286: 3238: 3214: 3202: 1781:, but would not be buried beside them. After a 1732: 1474:, which developed engine trouble, and then the 1035:in Hungary. Casement joined the party in 1905. 947:Anti-Slavery and Aborigines' Protection Society 5974:Converts to Roman Catholicism from Anglicanism 5311:. London: William Hodge. Penguin edition 1964. 4563: 4561: 2135:A statue of him stands at Dún Laoghaire Baths. 2066:clubs, for instance Roger Casements GAA Club ( 1280:financed the expedition. During their stop in 1052:I found also myself, the incorrigible Irishman 457:British diplomat and human rights investigator 214:; 1 September 1864 – 3 August 1916), known as 5650: 5081:Roger Casement Diaries Authenticated (2002). 3637:(Dublin, The O'Brien Press, 2013), pp. 226–66 3561:Alice Milligan and the Irish Cultural Revival 2704:(Routledge, London 1984), quoted at pp. 4–5. 2386:, written after Conrad met Casement in Congo. 1139:had begun organising a workers' militia, the 484:in his takeover of what became the so-called 8: 5924:20th-century executions by England and Wales 5032:Welsh film-maker fascinated by Irish history 4432:"Casement in Kerry: A Revolutionary Journey" 4127:. The Kingdom. 13 April 2006. Archived from 3743:Lynch, Diarmuid. Florence O'Donoghue (ed.). 2316:...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead 1864:A private report on the authenticity of the 433:on 6 March 1939, having threatened suicide. 222:, between 1911 and 1916, was a diplomat and 126:Roger Casement Statue at Dún Laoghaire Baths 5190:. London: The Talbot Press/T. Fisher Unwin. 4621: 4619: 4617: 4615: 3105:Farrar, Straus and Giroux. pp. 17–23. 2732: 2730: 2286:aired a critically acclaimed radio play by 1548:Casement was eventually to face charges of 1533:at McKenna's Fort, an ancient ring fort in 1064:In the north, through his sister, Nina, in 784:, and lastly promoted to consul-general in 5979:Executed participants in the Easter Rising 5724:Also executed for their role in the Rising 5657: 5643: 5635: 5221:Roger Casement in Irish and World History, 5199:. United States. Department of State. 1913 4154:. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan. p. 20. 3554: 3552: 3322: 3062: 2452:into a rubber worker to our joint profit." 2070:, England), Brampton Roger Casements GAC ( 600:Casement travelled for weeks in the upper 559:commissioned Casement, then its consul at 323:His father, Captain Roger Casement of the 42: 31: 5122:. Mitchell, Angus, ed. Anaconda Editions. 3719:"The Ballymoney meeting, 24 October 1913" 3590:New Hibernia Review / Iris Éireannach Nua 3311:The Amazon Journal of Roger Casement 1910 3275:The Amazon Journal of Roger Casement 1910 3263:The Amazon Journal of Roger Casement 1910 3251:The Amazon Journal of Roger Casement 1910 3227:The Amazon Journal of Roger Casement 1910 3087:The Amazon Journal of Roger Casement 1910 2934:, 2 August 2012; accessed 23 October 2014 2912: 2910: 2908: 2906: 2109:, near the site of Casement's landing on 2027:Learn how and when to remove this message 764:Learn how and when to remove this message 660:Peru: Abuses against the Putumayo Indians 571:. Setting up a private army known as the 5616:Newspaper clippings about Roger Casement 4632:by Mario Vargas Llosa, Studi irlandesi. 3397: 3385: 3373: 3361: 3346: 3334: 3180: 3144: 2900:, 22 June 2012, accessed 23 October 2014 596:, his Faroese boat captain and assistant 3674:Maud Goone: Lucky Eyes and a High Heart 3452: 3440: 3298: 3168: 3156: 3132: 3074: 2755: 2753: 2473: 2406: 2102:, the Irish Air Corps base near Dublin. 1933:Landmarks, buildings, and organisations 1108:(later of the IRB), the Nationalist MP 1088:but also, and critically for Casement, 1076:, Casement was drawn into the orbit of 634:Parliament, pushed by Socialist leader 547:. In August 1901 he transferred to the 543:, first serving overseas as a clerk in 5316:The Love That Dared not Speak its Name 5107:. Sawyer, Roger, ed. London: Pimlico. 4089:, BBC.co.uk; accessed 30 January 2016. 3967: 3957: 3946:from the original on 13 September 2016 3761:Easter 1916 : the Irish rebellion 3624:"Roger Casement" Coronet (1974) p.404. 499:Roger Casement (right) and his friend 123:Casement Monument at Ballyheigue Beach 5447:. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 5275:, 2010. Farrar, Straus & Giroux; 5001:Upchurch, Michael (27 October 2016). 4852:from the original on 18 November 2017 4585:National Archives, London, CAB/128/39 4243:Reginald Brabazon, 12th Earl of Meath 3997:from the original on 27 December 2015 3926:National Archives, Kew, PRO FO 95/776 3697: 3695: 3693: 3515:Women Writing War: Ireland 1980-1922, 3505: 3503: 2345:is a graphic novel by Fionnuala Doran 2217:, who portrays him as a noble martyr. 2055:ground on Andersonstown Road in west 1007:. He met the leaders of the powerful 137:Diplomat, poet, humanitarian activist 7: 6009:People educated at Ballymena Academy 5230:. London & Portland. Frank Cass. 5120:The Amazon Journal of Roger Casement 4900:The Amazon Journal of Roger Casement 4784:, 24:4, July August 2016, pp. 38–41. 4150:Hickey, D.J.; Doherty, J.E. (1980). 3702:Ullans Speakers Association (2013). 2976:from the original on 23 October 2020 2832:from the original on 29 October 2020 2774:Thomas Hugh Jephson Casement profile 2613:"Phases of a Dishonourable Phantasy" 2517:from the original on 19 January 2019 2246:Casement is the subject of the play 1965:adding citations to reliable sources 1374:", recommending Joseph McGarrity to 702:adding citations to reliable sources 639:organised its administration as the 5929:20th-century executions for treason 5410:. University College Dublin Press; 4389:from the original on 27 August 2016 4381:Andrews, Helen (15 November 2011). 2074:, Canada) and Roger Casements GAC ( 1625:During his trial, the prosecution ( 1407:, disguised as a Norwegian vessel, 1068:, and his close friends in London, 803:In addition, the British consul at 6029:Executed people from County Dublin 5378:Casement (Life & Times Series) 5013:from the original on 25 April 2019 4902:. Anaconda Editions. p. 378. 4880:from the original on 6 August 2020 3747:. Cork: Mercire Press. p. 96. 3706:. Ballymoney: Ulster Scots Agency. 2953:. 13 September 1901. p. 6049. 2372:Roger Casement – Heart of Darkness 327:, was the son of Hugh Casement, a 25: 5631:, Royal museum for central Africa 5561:; covers Casement's 1965 reburial 5475:. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot; 4546:from the original on 25 July 2018 4259:Phillips, Roland (17 July 1995). 4099:Phillips, Roland (17 July 1995). 4080:here "Easter Rising insurrection" 3717:Maxwell, Nick (4 November 2013). 3020:Phillips, Roland (17 July 1995). 2995:Phillips, Roland (17 July 1995). 2865:from the original on 4 March 2016 2105:Casement Rail and Bus Station in 1917:The Devil & Mr Roger Casement 1393:Casement did not learn about the 1338:. American Ambassador to Germany 1326:from among more than 2,000 Irish 1112:, and the Gaelic League activist 478:African International Association 472:Casement worked in the Congo for 462:The Congo and the Casement Report 325:(King's Own) Regiment of Dragoons 6024:Prisoners in the Tower of London 5603: 5587:Works by or about Roger Casement 5176:. Berlin: The Continental Times. 5134:. Irish Manuscripts Commission. 4734:Breac - University of Notre Dame 4370:. Toronto: Canadian Law Book Co. 4216:Easter 1916: The Irish Rebellion 2763:. Dictionary of Irish Biography. 2577:from the original on 8 June 2020 2364:and his wife Sarita Sanford, by 2178:, his arrest, and his execution. 1941: 1501:, second from the right. c. 1914 678: 276:and other separatist movements. 5939:20th-century Anglo-Irish people 5934:19th-century Anglo-Irish people 5318:. Boston: Little, Brown (in UK 4676:Tilzey, Paul (1 January 2002). 4420:(2012); accessed 16 August 2017 4367:The trial of Sir Roger Casement 4334:"Roger Casement's Appeal Fails" 4263:. Bloomsbury USA. p. 251. 4241:according to a speech given by 4103:. Bloomsbury USA. p. 240. 3676:. Victor Gollanz. p. 289. 2761:"Casement, Thomas Hugh ('Tom')" 2740:, Lilliput Press, 2008, p. 15; 1952:needs additional citations for 1127:Town Hall organised by Captain 689:needs additional citations for 6019:Politicians from Dublin (city) 5557:2005 online exhibition by the 5544:, John Jay School of Law, CUNY 4873:The Wolfe Tones – Banna Strand 4649:Bill McCormack (Spring 2001). 4600:Google Books edition: page 123 3745:The I.R.B. and the 1916 Rising 3024:. Bloomsbury USA. p. 77. 2999:. Bloomsbury USA. p. 73. 2670:, Haus Publishing, 2003 p. 11. 2207:Roger Casement is featured in 1699:Casement's body was buried in 1525:– the boat used is now in the 1298:. Papen was key in organising 1: 5964:Burials at Glasnevin Cemetery 5226:Doerries, Reinhard R., 2000. 5056:Griffith, Kenneth (1921–2006) 4505:"Execution of Roger Casement" 4152:A Dictionary of Irish History 4125:"Black night in Ballykissane" 3649:James Connolly. 'A Full Life' 3563:. Dublin: Four Courts Press. 2724:, Allen Figgis, Dublin, 1964. 2596:Mitchell, Angus, ed. (2016). 1739:De Valera received no reply. 1181:launched at a meeting in the 592:stamp depicting Casement and 539:, under the authority of the 373: 5944:20th-century Roman Catholics 5675:Proclamation of the Republic 5559:National Archives of Ireland 4481:. 4 July 1916. p. 6596. 3897:, Bodley Head, London 2024, 2885:"Traitor, Martyr, Liberator" 1881:Journal of Forensic Sciences 1234:, was won over in June, and 1211:Irish Republican Brotherhood 1193:shortly after Craig had had 966:in 1905 for his Congo work. 427:The Moon in the Yellow River 340:Hungarian Revolution of 1848 5984:Indigenous rights activists 5678:(executed after the Rising) 5620:20th Century Press Archives 5602:(public domain audiobooks) 5491:Hardenburg, Walter (1912). 5430:The Lives of Roger Casement 5380:. Haus Publishing Limited; 5314:Hyde, H. Montgomery, 1970. 5307:Hyde, H. Montgomery, 1960. 5223:Dublin, Royal Irish Academy 4937:Educational Theatre Journal 4922:Keeler, William. Review of 4728:Hyde, Paul (1 April 2016). 4339:Birmingham Evening Dispatch 4307:Thomson, Sir Basil (2015). 3758:Townshend, Charles (2005). 2810:"Conrad and Roger Casement" 2390:The Ghost of Roger Casement 2374:(1992) is a documentary by 2343:The Trial of Roger Casement 2202:The Ghost of Roger Casement 2064:Gaelic Athletic Association 2053:Gaelic Athletic Association 1592:on 26 June 1916 before the 1420:officer and trade unionist 1222:Elements of the suspicious 1096:(Festival of the Glens) at 410:shipping company headed by 6050: 5817:Francis Sheehy-Skeffington 5432:. London: The Yale Press; 5421:Ó Síocháin, Séamas, 2008. 5351:. London, Hamish Hamilton. 4754:Hyde, Paul (1 July 2016). 4634:A Journal of Irish Studies 3559:Morris, Catherine (2013). 2689:Bureau of Military History 2333:Shall Roger Casement Hang? 1815: 1746:Roger Casement's grave in 1576:to guard suicidal cases." 1131:(who, in the midst of the 1015:, as he believed that the 846:Casement travelled to the 663: 652:resign from the Service". 465: 212:Ruairí Dáithí Mac Easmainn 5497:. London: Fischer Unwin. 5445:Casement: The Flawed Hero 5425:. Dublin: Lilliput Press. 5395:. Dublin: O'Brien Press; 5354:Mc Cormack, W. J., 2002. 5344:. Dublin: Wordwell Books. 5219:Daly, Mary E., ed. 2005. 4522:British Newspaper Archive 4351:British Newspaper Archive 3873:Queen's Policy Engagement 2926:19 September 2015 at the 2793:Hambloch, Ernest (1938). 2722:An Anglo-Irish Miscellany 2314:American Noise Rock band 2162:Representation in culture 1308:University College Dublin 1009:Irish Parliamentary Party 954:, Peru in 1952, aged 88. 913:Augusto Jiménez Seminario 822:and his brother. Born in 41: 5842:Madeleine ffrench-Mullen 5553:18 December 2017 at the 5548:Condolences and Funerals 5085:. Retrieved 20 June 2020 5054:Vahimagi, Tise. (2014). 5045:. Retrieved 20 June 2020 4930:27 December 2015 at the 4898:Casement, Roger (1997). 4846:"Casement Road Citation" 4807:16 November 2018 at the 4798:, April 2016. Available 4636:no. 3 (2013), pp. 35–58" 4416:16 November 2018 at the 4085:25 December 2019 at the 3410:Goodman, Jordan (2010). 3217:, pp. 96, 270, 303. 2808:Meyers, Jeffrey (1973). 2720:Maurice Denham Jephson, 2702:Casement the Flawed Hero 2634:Dr Noel Kissane (2006). 2623:: 107 – via JSTOR. 2611:Mitchell, Angus (2012). 1899:Vargas Llosa and Dudgeon 1854:University of Notre Dame 1531:Royal Irish Constabulary 627:Congo Reform Association 437:Observations of Casement 5596:Works by Roger Casement 5578:Works by Roger Casement 5391:Mitchell, Angus, 2013. 5376:Mitchell, Angus, 2003. 5365:. Henry Holt & Co. 5309:Trial of Roger Casement 5152:. Berlin: no publisher. 4510:Midland Daily Telegraph 4214:see Charles Townshend, 4068:7.3 (2003), pp. 81–105. 3672:Cardozo, Nancy (1979). 3531:Eamon, Phoenix (2005). 3099:Jordan Goodman (2010). 2368:, Grove/Atlantic, 2016. 2339:in Glasgow in May 2016. 2250:, which was written by 1590:Royal Courts of Justice 1372:Hindu–German Conspiracy 790:Peruvian Amazon Company 670:Peruvian Amazon Company 191:Roger Casement (father) 5629:Archive Roger Casement 5457:Thomson, Basil, 1922. 5361:Minta, Stephen, 1993. 5067:British Film Institute 4970:"Tron theatre website" 4231:. Imperial War Museum. 4175:Keith Jeffery (2007). 3584:Harp, Richard (2000). 3509:O'Toole, Tina (2016), 3349:, p. 593,605,646. 2890:17 August 2017 at the 2779:16 August 2017 at the 2311:and published in 2012. 2258:; it premiered at the 2236:autobiographical novel 2044: 1751: 1737: 1707:on the north coast of 1654:Sir Arthur Conan Doyle 1502: 1363: 1349: 1320: 1303: 1170:, then organising the 1057: 991: 983: 904: 897: 890:to punish the Indians: 882: 843: 780:, then transferred to 597: 594:Daniel Jacob Danielsen 507: 379: 342:but arrived after the 239:British Foreign Office 211: 146:British Foreign Office 6004:LGBTQ Roman Catholics 5954:People from Sandycove 5797:Domhnall Ua Buachalla 5443:Sawyer, Roger, 1984. 5347:MacColl, René, 1956. 5325:Inglis, Brian, 1973. 5061:6 August 2020 at the 5041:. (21 October 2006). 4925:Prisoner of the Crown 4630:The Dream of the Celt 4016:The Continental Times 3647:Nevin, Donal (2006). 2300:The Dream of the Celt 2248:Prisoner of the Crown 2119:Córas Iompair Éireann 2042: 1909:The Dream of the Celt 1745: 1496: 1432:, was apprehended by 1361: 1344: 1315: 1294: 1078:Francis Joseph Bigger 1041: 989: 977: 924:José Inocente Fonseca 902: 892: 880: 841: 587: 510:In 1890 Casement met 503:, whom he met in the 498: 482:Leopold II of Belgium 372: 312:Casement was born in 194:Anne Jephson (mother) 5792:Constance Markievicz 5525:Casement, Roger, Sir 5358:. Dublin: UCD Press. 5340:Lacey, Brian, 2008. 5301:King Leopold's Ghost 5037:8 March 2021 at the 4605:25 July 2020 at the 3833:Ó Síocháin, Séamas, 3481:White, Jack (1936). 3287:Slavery in Peru 1913 3277:, pp. 471, 472. 3239:Slavery in Peru 1913 3215:Slavery in Peru 1913 3203:Slavery in Peru 1913 2269:A German TV series, 1961:improve this article 1799:President of Ireland 1674:United States Senate 1481:, shortly after the 1145:Alice Stopford Green 938:confluence with the 698:improve this article 535:Casement joined the 520:King of the Belgians 474:Henry Morton Stanley 431:Dublin's Grand Canal 344:Surrender at Világos 336:1842 Afghan campaign 308:Family and education 237:. He worked for the 204:Roger David Casement 111:Execution by hanging 62:Roger David Casement 5807:Elizabeth O'Farrell 5780:Other Irish figures 5673:Signatories of the 5570:11 May 2018 at the 5523:Séamas Ó’Síocháin: 5471:Wolf, Karin, 1972. 4364:G.H. Knott (1917). 4066:New Hibernia Review 4039:The Literary Digest 4018:, 20 November 1914. 3455:, pp. 86, 149. 3443:, pp. 149–150. 2921:"The Multiple Hero" 2883:Liesl Schillinger, 2736:Séamas Ó Síocháin, 2648:on 28 February 2008 2351:The Rings of Saturn 2266:on 15 February 1972 2188:in the 1912 novel, 2172:Lonely Banna Strand 2078:, Northern Ireland) 1689:SS Mary and Michael 1662:George Bernard Shaw 1635:"guilty but insane" 1606:Mr Justice Horridge 1580:Trial and execution 1527:Imperial War Museum 1451:Landing and capture 1336:The Literary Digest 1332:Limburg an der Lahn 1201:America and Germany 1046:concentration camps 970:Irish revolutionary 928:Edwards & Serra 545:British West Africa 388:Mallow, County Cork 274:Irish republicanism 233:for treason during 107:Cause of death 5989:Irish nationalists 5847:Margaret Skinnider 5837:Louise Gavan Duffy 5741:Michael O'Hanrahan 5428:Reid, B.L., 1987. 5007:Washingtonpost.com 4825:www.irishtimes.com 4796:Gay Community News 4626:Dudgeon, Jeffrey. 4478:The London Gazette 4430:O’Carroll, Helen. 3846:Inglis, B (1973). 3388:, p. 585,603. 3337:, p. 585,597. 3265:, p. 298–300. 3241:, p. 216-217. 3159:, pp. 36, 39. 3089:, p. 351,365. 3065:, p. 202,210. 2950:The London Gazette 2897:The New York Times 2384:novel of that name 2305:Mario Vargas Llosa 2272:Sir Roger Casement 2182:Arthur Conan Doyle 2096:Casement Aerodrome 2045: 1904:Mario Vargas Llosa 1791:Glasnevin Cemetery 1775:Arbour Hill Prison 1752: 1748:Glasnevin Cemetery 1685:Pentonville Prison 1594:Lord Chief Justice 1503: 1418:Irish Citizen Army 1364: 1304: 1300:the arms shipments 1187:Irish Citizen Army 1147:, and the veteran 1141:Irish Citizen Army 992: 984: 905: 883: 844: 598: 557:Balfour Government 508: 412:Alfred Lewis Jones 380: 216:Sir Roger Casement 99:Pentonville Prison 18:Sir Roger Casement 6034:Putumayo genocide 5999:Irish LGBTQ poets 5994:Irish republicans 5959:British diplomats 5901: 5900: 5883:Augustine Birrell 5710:Seán Mac Diarmada 5582:Project Gutenberg 5464:Clayton, Xander: 5401:978-1-84717-608-0 5281:978-0-374-13840-0 5269:Goodman, Jordan, 5264:978-0-9539287-5-0 5258:. Belfast Press, 5246:978-1-9160194-0-9 5141:978-1-874280-98-9 5097:By Roger Casement 4990:. 11 August 2016. 4958:978-1-4943-7877-6 4909:978-1-901990-00-3 4444:on 23 August 2022 4318:978-1-84954-862-5 4192:978-1-85635-545-2 3913:Mitchell, Angus, 3893:Roland Philipps, 3771:978-0-7139-9690-6 3570:978-1-84682-422-7 3542:978-1-903688-49-6 3427:978-0-374-13840-0 3171:, pp. 29–32. 3112:978-1-4299-3639-2 2746:978-1-84351-021-5 2358:Valiant Gentlemen 2326:Dying for Ireland 2037: 2036: 2029: 2011: 1842:National Archives 1727:Winston Churchill 1711:, in present-day 1660:, and playwright 1643:National Archives 1497:German U-Boat SM 1422:William Partridge 1386:1891 rifles, ten 1353:Arthur Zimmermann 1286:Mansfeldt Findlay 1244:Howth gun-running 1172:Ulster Volunteers 995:Return to Ireland 932:Benjamin Constant 848:Putumayo District 820:Julio César Arana 774: 773: 766: 748: 666:Putumayo genocide 636:Emile Vandervelde 616:Berlin Conference 579:a reign of terror 525:Heart of Darkness 516:Le Roi des Belges 400:Ballymena Academy 294:, which detailed 201: 200: 171:Irish nationalism 101:, London, England 16:(Redirected from 6041: 5969:Congo Free State 5695:Thomas MacDonagh 5659: 5652: 5645: 5636: 5607: 5606: 5591:Internet Archive 5508: 5468:, Plymouth 2007. 5296:Hochschild, Adam 5252:Dudgeon, Jeffrey 5234:Dudgeon, Jeffrey 5208: 5206: 5204: 5145: 5123: 5086: 5079: 5073: 5052: 5046: 5029: 5023: 5022: 5020: 5018: 4998: 4992: 4991: 4984: 4978: 4977: 4966: 4960: 4946: 4940: 4920: 4914: 4913: 4895: 4889: 4888: 4887: 4885: 4868: 4862: 4861: 4859: 4857: 4842: 4836: 4835: 4833: 4831: 4817: 4811: 4791: 4785: 4778: 4772: 4771: 4769: 4767: 4751: 4745: 4744: 4742: 4740: 4725: 4719: 4718: 4716: 4714: 4709:. 1 January 2002 4699: 4693: 4692: 4690: 4688: 4673: 4667: 4666: 4664: 4662: 4657:on 16 March 2008 4646: 4640: 4639: 4623: 4610: 4592: 4586: 4583: 4577: 4574: 4568: 4565: 4556: 4555: 4553: 4551: 4532: 4526: 4525: 4519: 4517: 4507: 4500: 4494: 4489: 4483: 4482: 4469: 4463: 4460: 4454: 4453: 4451: 4449: 4443: 4436: 4427: 4421: 4409:Field Day Review 4405: 4399: 4398: 4396: 4394: 4385:. First Things. 4378: 4372: 4371: 4361: 4355: 4354: 4348: 4346: 4336: 4329: 4323: 4322: 4304: 4298: 4290: 4284: 4281: 4275: 4274: 4256: 4250: 4239: 4233: 4232: 4225: 4219: 4212: 4206: 4203: 4197: 4196: 4172: 4166: 4165: 4147: 4141: 4140: 4138: 4136: 4121: 4115: 4114: 4096: 4090: 4075: 4069: 4062: 4056: 4050: 4044: 4035: 4029: 4025: 4019: 4013: 4007: 4006: 4004: 4002: 3987:"Casement's War" 3982: 3976: 3975: 3969: 3965: 3963: 3955: 3953: 3951: 3942:. 30 July 2007. 3933: 3927: 3924: 3918: 3911: 3905: 3891: 3885: 3884: 3882: 3880: 3865: 3859: 3844: 3838: 3831: 3825: 3820:Angus Mitchell, 3818: 3812: 3811: 3809: 3807: 3801: 3790: 3786:"Alice Milligan" 3782: 3776: 3775: 3755: 3749: 3748: 3740: 3734: 3733: 3731: 3729: 3714: 3708: 3707: 3699: 3688: 3687: 3669: 3663: 3662: 3644: 3638: 3633:Angus Mitchell, 3631: 3625: 3619: 3613: 3612: 3610: 3608: 3596:(1): 82, 84–85. 3581: 3575: 3574: 3556: 3547: 3546: 3528: 3522: 3507: 3498: 3497: 3495: 3493: 3478: 3472: 3462: 3456: 3450: 3444: 3438: 3432: 3431: 3407: 3401: 3395: 3389: 3383: 3377: 3371: 3365: 3359: 3350: 3344: 3338: 3332: 3326: 3320: 3314: 3308: 3302: 3296: 3290: 3284: 3278: 3272: 3266: 3260: 3254: 3248: 3242: 3236: 3230: 3224: 3218: 3212: 3206: 3200: 3194: 3190: 3184: 3178: 3172: 3166: 3160: 3154: 3148: 3142: 3136: 3130: 3124: 3123: 3121: 3119: 3096: 3090: 3084: 3078: 3072: 3066: 3060: 3054: 3051: 3045: 3042: 3036: 3035: 3017: 3011: 3010: 2992: 2986: 2985: 2983: 2981: 2961: 2955: 2954: 2941: 2935: 2932:The New Republic 2914: 2901: 2881: 2875: 2874: 2872: 2870: 2848: 2842: 2841: 2839: 2837: 2805: 2799: 2798: 2790: 2784: 2771: 2765: 2764: 2757: 2748: 2734: 2725: 2718: 2712: 2698: 2692: 2686: 2680: 2677: 2671: 2666:Angus Mitchell, 2664: 2658: 2657: 2655: 2653: 2647: 2640: 2631: 2625: 2624: 2617:Field Day Review 2608: 2602: 2601: 2600:. Merrion Press. 2593: 2587: 2586: 2584: 2582: 2563: 2557: 2556: 2554: 2552: 2543:. Archived from 2533: 2527: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2503: 2497: 2496: 2494: 2492: 2478: 2462: 2459: 2453: 2449: 2443: 2440: 2434: 2430: 2424: 2421: 2415: 2411: 2376:Kenneth Griffith 2331:A one-act play, 2256:Richard Stockton 2210:Giant's Causeway 2186:Lord John Roxton 2032: 2025: 2021: 2018: 2012: 2010: 1976:"Roger Casement" 1969: 1945: 1937: 1860:The Giles Report 1850:Field Day Review 1722:, on a visit to 1713:Northern Ireland 1610:Treason Act 1351 1602:Mr Justice Avory 1598:Viscount Reading 1562:Irish Volunteers 1467:, initially the 1328:prisoners-of-war 1271:Prince von Bülow 1251:Count Bernstorff 1236:Joseph McGarrity 1179:Irish Volunteers 909:Andrés O'Donnell 769: 762: 758: 755: 749: 747: 713:"Roger Casement" 706: 682: 674: 565:Congo Free State 537:Colonial Service 505:Congo Free State 486:Congo Free State 429:. He drowned in 419:Irish Coastguard 378: 375: 229:executed by the 176:Anti-imperialism 150:Irish Volunteers 94: 72:1 September 1864 71: 69: 46: 32: 21: 6049: 6048: 6044: 6043: 6042: 6040: 6039: 6038: 5904: 5903: 5902: 5897: 5866:British figures 5861: 5802:Éamon de Valera 5775: 5719: 5700:Joseph Plunkett 5677: 5668: 5663: 5604: 5572:Wayback Machine 5555:Wayback Machine 5515: 5505: 5490: 5202: 5200: 5193: 5142: 5127: 5117: 5094: 5089: 5080: 5076: 5063:Wayback Machine 5053: 5049: 5043:The Irish Times 5039:Wayback Machine 5030: 5026: 5016: 5014: 5000: 4999: 4995: 4986: 4985: 4981: 4968: 4967: 4963: 4947: 4943: 4932:Wayback Machine 4921: 4917: 4910: 4897: 4896: 4892: 4883: 4881: 4870: 4869: 4865: 4855: 4853: 4844: 4843: 4839: 4829: 4827: 4819: 4818: 4814: 4809:Wayback Machine 4792: 4788: 4782:History Ireland 4779: 4775: 4765: 4763: 4760:History Ireland 4753: 4752: 4748: 4738: 4736: 4727: 4726: 4722: 4712: 4710: 4701: 4700: 4696: 4686: 4684: 4675: 4674: 4670: 4660: 4658: 4648: 4647: 4643: 4625: 4624: 4613: 4607:Wayback Machine 4594:Wilson, Scott. 4593: 4589: 4584: 4580: 4575: 4571: 4566: 4559: 4549: 4547: 4534: 4533: 4529: 4515: 4513: 4512:. 3 August 1916 4502: 4501: 4497: 4490: 4486: 4471: 4470: 4466: 4461: 4457: 4447: 4445: 4441: 4434: 4429: 4428: 4424: 4418:Wayback Machine 4406: 4402: 4392: 4390: 4380: 4379: 4375: 4363: 4362: 4358: 4344: 4342: 4331: 4330: 4326: 4319: 4306: 4305: 4301: 4297:, 29 July 1968. 4291: 4287: 4282: 4278: 4271: 4258: 4257: 4253: 4240: 4236: 4227: 4226: 4222: 4213: 4209: 4204: 4200: 4193: 4174: 4173: 4169: 4162: 4149: 4148: 4144: 4134: 4132: 4131:on 30 June 2007 4123: 4122: 4118: 4111: 4098: 4097: 4093: 4087:Wayback Machine 4076: 4072: 4063: 4059: 4051: 4047: 4036: 4032: 4026: 4022: 4014: 4010: 4000: 3998: 3984: 3983: 3979: 3966: 3956: 3949: 3947: 3935: 3934: 3930: 3925: 3921: 3912: 3908: 3892: 3888: 3878: 3876: 3875:. 3 August 2016 3867: 3866: 3862: 3845: 3841: 3832: 3828: 3819: 3815: 3805: 3803: 3802:on 22 June 2021 3799: 3788: 3784: 3783: 3779: 3772: 3757: 3756: 3752: 3742: 3741: 3737: 3727: 3725: 3723:History Ireland 3716: 3715: 3711: 3701: 3700: 3691: 3684: 3671: 3670: 3666: 3659: 3646: 3645: 3641: 3632: 3628: 3620: 3616: 3606: 3604: 3583: 3582: 3578: 3571: 3558: 3557: 3550: 3543: 3530: 3529: 3525: 3508: 3501: 3491: 3489: 3480: 3479: 3475: 3463: 3459: 3451: 3447: 3439: 3435: 3428: 3409: 3408: 3404: 3396: 3392: 3384: 3380: 3372: 3368: 3360: 3353: 3345: 3341: 3333: 3329: 3323:Hardenburg 1912 3321: 3317: 3309: 3305: 3297: 3293: 3285: 3281: 3273: 3269: 3261: 3257: 3249: 3245: 3237: 3233: 3225: 3221: 3213: 3209: 3201: 3197: 3191: 3187: 3179: 3175: 3167: 3163: 3155: 3151: 3143: 3139: 3131: 3127: 3117: 3115: 3113: 3098: 3097: 3093: 3085: 3081: 3073: 3069: 3063:Hardenburg 1912 3061: 3057: 3052: 3048: 3043: 3039: 3032: 3019: 3018: 3014: 3007: 2994: 2993: 2989: 2979: 2977: 2970:The Irish Times 2963: 2962: 2958: 2943: 2942: 2938: 2928:Wayback Machine 2915: 2904: 2892:Wayback Machine 2882: 2878: 2868: 2866: 2850: 2849: 2845: 2835: 2833: 2807: 2806: 2802: 2792: 2791: 2787: 2781:Wayback Machine 2772: 2768: 2759: 2758: 2751: 2735: 2728: 2719: 2715: 2699: 2695: 2687: 2683: 2678: 2674: 2665: 2661: 2651: 2649: 2645: 2638: 2633: 2632: 2628: 2610: 2609: 2605: 2595: 2594: 2590: 2580: 2578: 2565: 2564: 2560: 2550: 2548: 2547:on 28 July 2019 2541:Dhi.ucdavis.edu 2535: 2534: 2530: 2520: 2518: 2505: 2504: 2500: 2490: 2488: 2480: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2466: 2465: 2460: 2456: 2450: 2446: 2441: 2437: 2431: 2427: 2422: 2418: 2412: 2408: 2403: 2221:Agatha Christie 2164: 2149:In Harryville, 2115:Iarnród Éireann 2033: 2022: 2016: 2013: 1970: 1968: 1958: 1946: 1935: 1930: 1901: 1862: 1830:Jeffrey Dudgeon 1820: 1814: 1803:Éamon de Valera 1787:Republican plot 1720:Éamon de Valera 1697: 1582: 1543:Casement's Fort 1453: 1376:Franz von Papen 1340:James W. Gerard 1296:Franz von Papen 1267:Hans von Flotow 1203: 1195:German guns run 1168:Sir James Craig 1133:Dublin lock-out 1094:Feis na nGleann 1074:Sylvia Dryhurst 1062: 1021:Arthur Griffith 997: 972: 868:Armando Normand 828:Peruvian Amazon 798:Peruvian Amazon 770: 759: 753: 750: 707: 705: 695: 683: 672: 662: 649: 611:Casement Report 541:Colonial Office 470: 468:Casement Report 464: 459: 439: 376: 310: 305: 247:Casement Report 197: 180: 142:Organisation(s) 129: 102: 96: 92: 83: 73: 67: 65: 64: 63: 53: 37: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6047: 6045: 6037: 6036: 6031: 6026: 6021: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5981: 5976: 5971: 5966: 5961: 5956: 5951: 5946: 5941: 5936: 5931: 5926: 5921: 5916: 5906: 5905: 5899: 5898: 5896: 5895: 5890: 5888:Matthew Nathan 5885: 5880: 5875: 5869: 5867: 5863: 5862: 5860: 5859: 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5809: 5804: 5799: 5794: 5789: 5783: 5781: 5777: 5776: 5774: 5773: 5771:Roger Casement 5768: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5751:Michael Mallin 5748: 5743: 5738: 5733: 5727: 5725: 5721: 5720: 5718: 5717: 5715:James Connolly 5712: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5685:Patrick Pearse 5681: 5679: 5670: 5669: 5664: 5662: 5661: 5654: 5647: 5639: 5633: 5632: 5626: 5613: 5608: 5593: 5584: 5575: 5562: 5545: 5537: 5532: 5521: 5514: 5513:External links 5511: 5510: 5509: 5503: 5488: 5484: 5469: 5462: 5455: 5448: 5441: 5426: 5419: 5404: 5393:Roger Casement 5389: 5374: 5359: 5352: 5349:Roger Casement 5345: 5338: 5327:Roger Casement 5323: 5320:The Other Love 5312: 5305: 5293: 5283: 5267: 5249: 5231: 5224: 5210: 5209: 5191: 5184: 5177: 5170: 5167: 5153: 5146: 5140: 5124: 5115: 5093: 5090: 5088: 5087: 5074: 5047: 5024: 4993: 4979: 4961: 4941: 4915: 4908: 4890: 4863: 4837: 4812: 4786: 4773: 4746: 4720: 4694: 4668: 4641: 4611: 4587: 4578: 4569: 4557: 4527: 4495: 4484: 4464: 4455: 4422: 4400: 4373: 4356: 4341:. 18 July 1916 4324: 4317: 4299: 4285: 4276: 4269: 4251: 4247:House of Lords 4234: 4220: 4207: 4198: 4191: 4167: 4160: 4142: 4116: 4109: 4091: 4070: 4057: 4045: 4030: 4020: 4008: 3985:Jeff Dudgeon. 3977: 3968:|website= 3928: 3919: 3906: 3886: 3860: 3858:, pp. 262-265. 3848:Roger Casement 3839: 3826: 3822:Roger Casement 3813: 3777: 3770: 3750: 3735: 3709: 3689: 3682: 3664: 3657: 3639: 3635:Roger Casement 3626: 3614: 3576: 3569: 3548: 3541: 3523: 3499: 3473: 3469:Roger Casement 3457: 3445: 3433: 3426: 3402: 3400:, p. 605. 3390: 3378: 3376:, p. 640. 3366: 3364:, p. 646. 3351: 3339: 3327: 3325:, p. 268. 3315: 3313:, p. 225. 3303: 3301:, p. 160. 3291: 3289:, p. 274. 3279: 3267: 3255: 3253:, p. 365. 3243: 3231: 3229:, p. 294. 3219: 3207: 3205:, p. 270. 3195: 3185: 3183:, p. 473. 3173: 3161: 3149: 3137: 3125: 3111: 3091: 3079: 3067: 3055: 3046: 3037: 3030: 3012: 3005: 2987: 2956: 2936: 2917:Fintan O'Toole 2902: 2876: 2843: 2800: 2785: 2766: 2749: 2726: 2713: 2693: 2681: 2672: 2659: 2626: 2603: 2588: 2571:The Irish Post 2558: 2528: 2498: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2464: 2463: 2454: 2444: 2435: 2425: 2416: 2405: 2404: 2402: 2399: 2398: 2397: 2387: 2369: 2355: 2346: 2340: 2329: 2323: 2320:Festival Thyme 2312: 2309:Edith Grossman 2296: 2280: 2267: 2244: 2229: 2218: 2205: 2200:wrote a poem, 2195: 2191:The Lost World 2179: 2163: 2160: 2159: 2158: 2147: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2127: 2124: 2121: 2113:. Operated by 2103: 2093: 2086: 2085:, County Kerry 2079: 2060: 2035: 2034: 1949: 1947: 1940: 1934: 1931: 1929: 1926: 1915:In April 2024 1900: 1897: 1861: 1858: 1816:Main article: 1813: 1807: 1724:Prime Minister 1696: 1693: 1639:Black Diaries. 1631:A. M. Sullivan 1588:opened at the 1581: 1578: 1570:Brixton Prison 1452: 1449: 1263:German Emperor 1202: 1199: 1137:James Connolly 1114:Alice Milligan 1061: 1058: 1017:House of Lords 1005:Irish language 996: 993: 971: 968: 940:Solimões River 936:Javary River's 807:had said that 786:Rio de Janeiro 772: 771: 686: 684: 677: 661: 658: 648: 645: 574:Force Publique 555:. In 1903 the 549:Foreign Office 466:Main article: 463: 460: 458: 455: 438: 435: 423:Denis Johnston 404:Elder Dempster 384:Jephson family 352:Roman Catholic 309: 306: 304: 301: 231:United Kingdom 199: 198: 196: 195: 192: 188: 186: 182: 181: 179: 178: 173: 167: 165: 161: 160: 157: 153: 152: 143: 139: 138: 135: 131: 130: 128: 127: 124: 120: 118: 114: 113: 108: 104: 103: 97: 95:(aged 51) 89: 85: 84: 74: 61: 59: 55: 54: 47: 39: 38: 36:Roger Casement 35: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6046: 6035: 6032: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5982: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5972: 5970: 5967: 5965: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5955: 5952: 5950: 5947: 5945: 5942: 5940: 5937: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5920: 5917: 5915: 5912: 5911: 5909: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5878:Lord Wimborne 5876: 5874: 5871: 5870: 5868: 5864: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5852:The O'Rahilly 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5827:Kathleen Lynn 5825: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5812:Eoin MacNeill 5810: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5787:Cathal Brugha 5785: 5784: 5782: 5778: 5772: 5769: 5767: 5764: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5746:John MacBride 5744: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5736:Willie Pearse 5734: 5732: 5729: 5728: 5726: 5722: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5705:Éamonn Ceannt 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5682: 5680: 5676: 5671: 5667: 5666:Easter Rising 5660: 5655: 5653: 5648: 5646: 5641: 5640: 5637: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5621: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5601: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5579: 5576: 5573: 5569: 5566: 5563: 5560: 5556: 5552: 5549: 5546: 5543: 5542: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5530: 5526: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5516: 5512: 5506: 5500: 5496: 5495: 5489: 5485: 5482: 5481:3-428-02709-4 5478: 5474: 5470: 5467: 5463: 5460: 5456: 5453: 5449: 5446: 5442: 5439: 5438:0-300-01801-0 5435: 5431: 5427: 5424: 5420: 5417: 5416:1-900621-99-1 5413: 5409: 5405: 5402: 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4042: 4041:Vol 52, No. 1 4040: 4034: 4031: 4024: 4021: 4017: 4012: 4009: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3981: 3978: 3973: 3961: 3945: 3941: 3940: 3932: 3929: 3923: 3920: 3916: 3910: 3907: 3904: 3903:9781847927071 3900: 3896: 3890: 3887: 3874: 3870: 3864: 3861: 3857: 3856:0-340-18292-X 3853: 3849: 3843: 3840: 3836: 3830: 3827: 3823: 3817: 3814: 3798: 3794: 3787: 3781: 3778: 3773: 3767: 3763: 3762: 3754: 3751: 3746: 3739: 3736: 3724: 3720: 3713: 3710: 3705: 3698: 3696: 3694: 3690: 3685: 3683:0-575-02572-7 3679: 3675: 3668: 3665: 3660: 3658:9780717129621 3654: 3650: 3643: 3640: 3636: 3630: 3627: 3623: 3618: 3615: 3603: 3599: 3595: 3591: 3587: 3580: 3577: 3572: 3566: 3562: 3555: 3553: 3549: 3544: 3538: 3534: 3527: 3524: 3520: 3516: 3512: 3506: 3504: 3500: 3488: 3484: 3477: 3474: 3470: 3466: 3461: 3458: 3454: 3449: 3446: 3442: 3437: 3434: 3429: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3414: 3406: 3403: 3399: 3398:Casement 2003 3394: 3391: 3387: 3386:Casement 2003 3382: 3379: 3375: 3374:Casement 2003 3370: 3367: 3363: 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