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would prove so in effect. ... The idea of child allowances had been developed within the society with the twin aims of encouraging the educated professional classes to have more children than they currently did and, at the same time, to limit the number of children born to poor households. For both effects to be properly stimulated, the allowance needed to be graded: middle-class parents receiving more generous payments than working-class parents. ... The Home
Secretary had that very day signalled that the government planned a flat rate of child allowance. But Beveridge, alluding to the problem of an overall declining birth rate, argued that even the flat rate would be eugenic. Nevertheless, he held out hope for the purists." 'Sir William made it clear that it was in his view not only possible but desirable that graded family allowance schemes, applicable to families in the higher income brackets, be administered concurrently with his flat rate scheme,' reported the
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672:, Minister of Labour in the wartime National government, invited Beveridge to take charge of the Welfare department of his Ministry. Beveridge refused, but declared an interest in organising British manpower in wartime (Beveridge had come to favour a strong system of centralised planning). Bevin was reluctant to let Beveridge have his way but did commission him to work on a relatively unimportant manpower survey from June 1940, and so Beveridge became a temporary civil servant. Neither Bevin nor the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry
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920:. In 1909, he proposed that men who could not work should be supported by the state "but with complete and permanent loss of all citizen rights β including not only the franchise but civil freedom and fatherhood." Whilst director of the London School of Economics, Beveridge attempted to create a Department of Social Biology. Though never fully established,
942:
Dennis Sewell states that "On the day the House of
Commons met to debate the Beveridge Report in 1943, its author slipped out of the gallery early in the evening to address a meeting of the Eugenics Society at the Mansion House. ... His report he was keen to reassure them, was eugenic in intent and
718:
contribution. In return, benefits would be paid to people who were sick, unemployed, retired or widowed. Beveridge argued that this system would provide a minimum standard of living "below which no one should be allowed to fall". It recommended that the government should find ways of fighting the
736:, written in 1944 expressed the view that it was "absurd" to "look to individual employers for maintenance of demand and full employment." These things must be "undertaken by the State under the supervision and pressure of democracy." Measures for achieving full-employment might include
719:"five giants on the road of reconstruction" of Want, Disease, Ignorance, Squalor and Idleness. Beveridge included as one of three fundamental assumptions the fact that there would be a National Health Service of some sort, a policy already being worked on in the Ministry of Health.
679:
His work on manpower culminated in his chairmanship of the
Committee on Skilled Men in the Services which reported to the War Cabinet in August and October 1941. Two recommendations of the committee were implemented: Army recruits were enlisted for their first six weeks into the
722:
Beveridge's arguments were widely accepted. He appealed to conservatives and other sceptics by arguing that welfare institutions would increase the competitiveness of
British industry in the post-war period, not only by shifting labour costs like healthcare and pensions out of
620:
report β that he could be considered one of their number. He published academic economic works including his early work on unemployment (1909). The
Fabians made him director of the LSE in 1919, a post he retained until 1937. During his time as director, he jousted with
865:
and the new Labour
Government began the process of implementing Beveridge's proposals that provided the basis of the modern Welfare State. Attlee announced he would introduce the Welfare State outlined in the 1942 Beveridge Report. This included the establishment of a
700:
announced the formation of a committee of officials to survey existing social insurance and allied services, and to make recommendations. Although Brown had made the announcement, the inquiry had largely been urged by
Minister without Portfolio
870:
with taxpayer funded medical treatment for all. A national system of benefits was also introduced to provide "social security" so that the population would be protected from the "cradle to the grave". The new system was partly built upon the
3236:
705:, and Bevin suggested to Greenwood making Beveridge chairman of the committee. Beveridge, at first uninterested and seeing the committee as a distraction from his work on manpower, accepted only reluctantly.
969:, daughter of William Philip and widow of David Mair, in 1942. They had worked together in the civil service and at LSE, and she was instrumental in the drafting and publicising of the Beveridge Report.
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ledgers and onto the public account but also by producing healthier, wealthier and thus more motivated and productive workers who would also serve as a great source of demand for
British goods.
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644:, which helped prominent academics who had been dismissed from their posts on grounds of race, religion or political position to escape Nazi persecution. In 1937, Beveridge was appointed
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935:, which was incorporated into his 1942 report. However, whilst he held views in support of eugenics, he did not believe the report had any overall "eugenic value". Professor
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744:, and the creation of an ideal new society after the war. He believed that the discovery of objective socio-economic laws could solve the problems of society.
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Beveridge saw full employment (defined as unemployment of no more than 3%) as the pivot of the social welfare programme he expressed in the 1942 report.
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in 1864. She met and married Henry
Beveridge in Calcutta where she had gone in 1873 to open a school for Indian girls. William Beveridge was educated at
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speculated that discord between those in favour and those against the serious study of eugenics led to
Beveridge's departure from the school in 1937.
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by G. D. H. Cole, Aneurin Bevan, Jim Griffiths, L. F. Easterbrook, Sir William Beveridge, and Harold J. Laski (Not illustrated with 127 text pages).
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740:-style fiscal regulation, direct control of manpower, and state control of the means of production. The impetus behind Beveridge's thinking was
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1506:. Hayek said that Beveridge "wasn't the least interested in economics. He knew no economics whatever." Cf. Kresge, Stephan, and Wenar, Leif,
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585:. Churchill invited Beveridge to join the Board of Trade, and he organised the implementation of the national system of labour exchanges and
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churchyard, on the Northumbrian moors. His barony became extinct upon his death. His last words were "I have a thousand things to do".
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1538:"[Carta] 1950 oct. 12, Genève, [Suiza] [a] Gabriela Mistral, Santiago, Chile [manuscrito] Gerry Kraus"
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31:
904:(1953). He was the President of the charity Attend (then the National Association of Leagues of Hospital Friends) from 1952 to 1962.
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were a prominent influence in the household and would exert a lasting influence on Beveridge's thinking. Beveridge himself became a "
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he was involved in mobilising and controlling manpower. After the war, he was knighted and made permanent secretary to the
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760:(PWC), also known as Peoples' World Constituent Assembly (PWCA), which took place in 1950-51 at Palais Electoral,
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Robertson, David Brian. "Policy entrepreneurs and policy divergence: John R. Commons and William Beveridge."
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1615:"Preparing earth constitution | Global Strategies & Solutions | The Encyclopedia of World Problems"
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In 1946, Beveridge was elevated to the House of Lords as Baron Beveridge, of Tuggal in the County of
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An opportunity for Bevin to ease Beveridge out presented itself in May 1941 when Minister of Health
684:, so that their subsequent posting could take account of their skills and the Army's needs; and the
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1563:"Letters from Thane Read asking Helen Keller to sign the World Constitution for world peace. 1961"
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was published in November 1942. It proposed that all people of working age should pay a weekly
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1589:"Letter from World Constitution Coordinating Committee to Helen, enclosing current materials"
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He was also one of the signatories of the agreement to convene a convention for drafting a
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After leaving university, Beveridge initially became a lawyer. He became interested in the
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Whiteside, Noel. "The Beveridge Report and its implementation: A revolutionary project?."
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Catalogue of William Beveridge's papers at the London School of Economics (LSE Archives)
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was named for William Beveridge. It was one of 120 streets that were renamed in 1948 by
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Produire un fait scientifique. Beveridge et le ComitΓ© international d'histoire des prix
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newspaper. His interest in the causes of unemployment began in 1903 when he worked at
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From Beveridge to Blair: the first fifty years of Britain's welfare state, 1948-1998
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629:, who were trying to steer the LSE away from its Fabian roots. From 1929 he led the
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and was influenced by their theories of social reform, becoming active in promoting
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on 30 July 1944. During his time as a Member of Parliament he was prominent in the
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said that "there is not even the faintest hint" of eugenic thought in the report.
327:
who played a central role in designing the British welfare state. His 1942 report
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2250:
BBC Radio 4, Great Lives β Downloadable 30 minute discussion of William Beveridge
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John Maynard Keynes and International Relations: Economic Paths to War and Peace
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The Encyclopedia of World Problems | Union of International Associations (UIA)
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604:. Over the next few years he served on several commissions and committees on
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2013:
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931:
In the 1940s, Beveridge credited the Eugenics Society with promoting the
917:
816:
1227:
William Beveridge's archives are held at the London School of Economics.
1135:
Plan for Britain: A Collection of Essays prepared for the Fabian Society
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3347:
2214:
2224:
1053:
Prices and Wages in England from the Twelfth to the Nineteenth Century
635:
Prices and Wages in England from the Twelfth to the Nineteenth Century
27:
British Liberal politician, economist, and social reformer (1879β1963)
3909:
3825:
3753:
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3402:
2066:
AbelβSmith, Brian. "The Beveridge Report: its origins and outcomes."
1526:. Internet Archive. New York, Schocken Books. pp. 539, 670, 676.
1017:'s society for students studying and tutors involved in the study of
924:, a fierce anti-eugenicist, was named its chair. Former LSE director
916:, which promoted the study of methods to 'improve' the human race by
761:
174:
154:
1937:. Christchurch: Victoria Neighbourhood Association Inc. p. 39.
1912:(Revised paperback ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 477.
350:. He served on the Board of Trade as Director of the newly created
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Paul Addison, "The Road to 1945", Jonathan Cape, 1975, pp. 169β70.
1421:"Cabinet memorandum: The Committee on Skilled Men in the Services"
956:
786:
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523:
418:
158:
1777:"Five years of Darwin seminars: a paradigm shift? | General"
972:
He died at his home on 16 March 1963, aged 84, and was buried in
4462:
1163:β the relationship between unemployment and the job vacancy rate
3218:
2440:
1072:
The Pillars of Security and Other War-Time Essays and Addresses
791:
Beveridge talking to an American fighter pilot hospitalised at
2088:(Routledge, 2022). arguwes Beveridge deserves the full credit.
2107:
Beveridge and Social Security: an International Retrospective
2053:
published by George Routledge with a date of 1943 and no ISBN
600:
In 1919, he left the civil service to become director of the
573:
In 1908, now considered to be Britain's leading authority on
501:
activist and "an ardent disciple" of the French philosopher
2077:
The Road To 1945: British Politics and the Second World War
1279:
Harris, Jose. "Beveridge, William Henry, Baron Beveridge".
1264:(19th ed. NASW Press:Washington DC. 1995) Vol. 3. p. 2574.
1172:
List of British university chancellors and vice-chancellors
896:, and eventually became leader of the Liberal Party in the
315:(5 March 1879 β 16 March 1963) was a British economist and
1510:, (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1994), p. 86.
676:
liked working with Beveridge as both found him conceited.
1908:
Harris, Jose (1997). "18: Father of the Welfare State?".
831:
and adopt more radical policies. He lost his seat at the
482:, where he studied Mathematics and Classics, obtaining a
1845:
The Political Gene: How Darwin's Ideas Changed Politics
1454:
The Pillars of Security (Works of William H. Beveridge)
827:
group, which called for the party to withdraw from the
692:
Report on social insurance and views on full employment
1520:
Einstein, Albert; Nathan, Otto; Norden, Heinz (1968).
1106:
Voluntary action A report on methods of social advance
799:
Later in 1944, Beveridge, who had recently joined the
771:. As a result, for the first time in human history, a
4668:
People associated with the London School of Economics
4497:
World Committee for a World Constitutional Convention
2086:
The Beveridge Report: blueprint for the welfare state
1884:
Forgotten Wives: How Women Get Written Out of History
1704:
Eugenics, Literature, and Culture in Post-war Britain
1232:
Photographs of William Beveridge held by LSE Archives
1011:, London W8 7EF where he lived from 1914 until 1921.
2152:
Sugita, Yoneyuki. "The Beveridge Report and Japan."
1182:
List of Vice-Chancellors of the University of London
1177:
List of United Kingdom MPs with the shortest service
411:
where he served as the leader of the Liberal peers.
362:
from 1919 until 1937, when he was elected Master of
4510:
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International scientific committee on price history
581:, who had recently been promoted to the Cabinet as
289:
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137:
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1480:, "The Road to 1945", Jonathan Cape, 1975, p. 169.
686:Corps of Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers
489:While Beveridge's mother had been a member of the
4653:Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
2163:The Five Giants: A Biography of the Welfare State
1021:was renamed the Beveridge Society in his honour.
1007:commemorating Beveridge at 27 Bedford Gardens in
4708:World Constitutional Convention call signatories
2260:Cataloguing the Beveridge papers at LSE Archives
2220:contributions in Parliament by William Beveridge
360:London School of Economics and Political Science
1677:"The eugenics movement Britain wants to forget"
1274:
1272:
1270:
589:to combat unemployment and poverty. During the
369:Beveridge published widely on unemployment and
1419:Secretary of State for War (29 January 1942).
30:For other people named William Beveridge, see
4673:Permanent Secretaries of the Ministry of Food
3230:
2452:
493:Unitarian community, his father was an early
403:as a Liberal MP; following his defeat in the
8:
4698:Vice-chancellors of the University of London
1285:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1215:, Paris, Publications de la Sorbonne, 2018.
307:William Henry Beveridge, 1st Baron Beveridge
4678:Presidents of the Royal Statistical Society
2265:Newspaper clippings about William Beveridge
756:, Beveridge was one of the sponsors of the
566:, and campaigning for a national system of
4643:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
4000:
3658:
3388:
3237:
3223:
3215:
3197:
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2445:
2437:
2296:Director of the London School of Economics
2277:
1310:
1308:
1260:James Midgley, "Beveridge, Lord William",
354:, and later as Permanent Secretary of the
61:
38:
3276:World Constitution Coordinating Committee
2200:(2014); (Works of William H. Beveridge).
2196:Williams, Ioan, and Karel Williams, eds.
2189:Full Employment in a Free Society, George
1748:"How eugenics poisoned the welfare state"
1140:'Westminster Wages in the Manorial Era',
633:, contributing a large historical study,
458:, founded the Working Women's College in
3263:Constitution for the Federation of Earth
1109:. London: George Allen & Unwin. 1948
777:Constitution for the Federation of Earth
577:, he was introduced by Beatrice Webb to
550:in London. There he worked closely with
435:officer and District Judge, and scholar
2114:Jones, Margaret, and Rodney Lowe, eds.
1282:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1253:
220: 1942; died 1959)
92:17 October 1944 β 15 June 1945
4663:People educated at Charterhouse School
1675:Brignell, Victoria (9 December 2010).
4658:Masters of University College, Oxford
2136:Powell, Martin. "Framing Beveridge."
2124:Lynes, Tony. "William Beveridge." in
2118:( Manchester University Press, 2002)
1989:"Blue Plaques: Sir William Beveridge"
1446:
1444:
961:The graves of Lord and Lady Beveridge
815:, who had died on the battlefield in
608:. He was so highly influenced by the
7:
4633:Civil servants in the Board of Trade
4598:Alumni of University College, Oxford
2352:Master of University College, Oxford
2068:International Social Security Review
1061:Social Insurance and Allied Services
965:Beveridge married the mathematician
711:Social Insurance and Allied Services
536:and wrote about the subject for the
423:Beveridge at Balliol College in 1898
346:He built his career as an expert on
329:Social Insurance and Allied Services
4648:Liberal Party (UK) hereditary peers
1595:. American Foundation for the Blind
1569:. American Foundation for the Blind
1031:Unemployment: A problem of industry
401:1944 Berwick-upon-Tweed by-election
375:Unemployment: A Problem of Industry
295:welfare state in the United Kingdom
4638:English people of Scottish descent
2138:Social Policy & Administration
1958:Harper, Margaret (February 2016).
1887:. Policy Press. pp. 161β172.
1157:, Clement Attlee's Health Minister
1044:'Wages in the Winchester Manors',
1019:Philosophy, Politics and Economics
616:, with whom he worked on the 1909
32:William Beveridge (disambiguation)
25:
4593:Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
1131:," George Allen & Unwin, 1947
1079:Full Employment in a Free Society
733:Full Employment in a Free Society
384:Full Employment in a Free Society
341:Labour government elected in 1945
4693:UK MPs who were granted peerages
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3547:
3535:
3523:
3496:
3473:
3461:
3449:
3437:
3425:
3413:
3401:
3366:
3353:
3340:
3327:
3314:
3196:
3185:
3184:
2370:Parliament of the United Kingdom
2225:Sir William Beveridge Foundation
1746:Sewell, Dennis (November 2009),
1665:. Retrieved on 29 November 2015.
1502:, this book was ghostwritten by
1243:, Oxford University Press, 2006.
1086:The Economics of Full Employment
994:Labour Government of New Zealand
843:, by a majority of 1,962 votes.
373:, his most notable works being:
4713:People from Rangpur, Bangladesh
3246:World Constitutional Convention
1195:William Beveridge: A Biography,
868:National Health Service in 1948
583:President of the Board of Trade
486:in both. He later studied law.
217:
2095:William Beveridge: a biography
1935:Our Little Corner of the World
1910:William Beveridge: A Biography
1729:"About β The Galton Institute"
1451:William H. Beveridge (2014) .
1409:, Jonathan Cape, 1975, p. 117.
1394:William Beveridge: a biography
1381:William Beveridge: a biography
1368:William Beveridge: a biography
1355:William Beveridge: a biography
1316:William Beveridge: a biography
1144:, 2nd Series, Vol. VIII, 1955.
912:Beveridge was a member of the
835:, when he was defeated by the
819:, France, on the first day of
775:convened to draft and adopt a
640:In 1933, he helped set up the
612:socialists β in particular by
399:(1959). He was elected in the
335:) served as the basis for the
1:
4243:(Righteous Among the Nations)
3139:(resigned Feb 2010; replaced
2523:The Lord Monteagle of Brandon
2411:Peerage of the United Kingdom
2126:Founders of the welfare state
1960:"Christchurch Street Names B"
1807:1944 April; 36(1): pp. 17β24.
1701:Hanson, Clare (5 July 2018).
1648:. 25 June 1946. p. 3229.
505:. Comte's ideas of a secular
454:Beveridge's mother had, with
427:Beveridge, the eldest son of
4502:Provisional World Parliament
2154:Social work in public health
1498:According to Nobel Laureate
1299:UK public library membership
708:The report to Parliament on
4703:Barons created by George VI
4386:MaurΓcio Campos de Medeiros
3699:Ahmed Ebrahim Haroon Jaffer
3420:Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich
2269:20th Century Press Archives
1967:Christchurch City Libraries
1881:Oakley, Ann (6 July 2021).
1848:. Picador. pp. 73β74.
1329:"Who Was William Beveridge"
1262:Encyclopedia of Social Work
877:Chancellor of the Exchequer
795:during the Second World War
642:Academic Assistance Council
4729:
3855:Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi
2750:Jervoise Athelstane Baines
1933:Manthei, Marjorie (2018).
1015:University College, Oxford
793:University College, Oxford
773:World Constituent Assembly
650:University College, Oxford
602:London School of Economics
397:A Defence of Free Learning
364:University College, Oxford
293:Work towards founding the
29:
4536:
3759:Ezequiel Padilla PeΓ±aloza
3256:
3180:
2511:The Marquess of Lansdowne
2487:The Marquess of Lansdowne
2472:Royal Statistical Society
2421:
2416:
2409:
2399:
2385:Member of Parliament for
2383:
2375:
2368:
2358:
2349:
2345:Arthur Blackburne Poynton
2341:
2331:
2320:
2312:
2302:
2293:
2285:
2280:
2229:Spartacus Educational on
2191:(Allen & Unwin, 1944)
2039:Modern History Sourcebook
2018:University College Oxford
1717:– via Google Books.
1542:BND: Archivo del Escritor
1167:List of liberal theorists
1074:, 1943, republished 2014.
986:Christchurch Central City
873:National Insurance scheme
807:in a by-election for the
758:Peoples' World Convention
407:, he was elevated to the
358:. He was Director of the
300:
128:
85:
69:
60:
4683:British social reformers
4473:(teacher & pacifist)
4349:(scholar & pacifist)
3915:Pascoal Ranieri Mazzilli
2762:Francis Ysidro Edgeworth
2187:Beveridge, Sir William.
2105:Hills, John et al. eds.
2037:Excerpts available from
1457:. Taylor & Francis.
984:Beveridge Street in the
918:controlling reproduction
470:near the market town of
415:Early life and education
379:Planning Under Socialism
4628:British social liberals
4142:(Chemistry & Peace)
2589:William Ewart Gladstone
2306:Alexander Carr-Saunders
2240:Full text of the report
1794:(subscription required)
1198:Oxford University Press
1142:Economic History Review
1046:Economic History Review
900:. He was the author of
829:war-time electoral pact
474:in Surrey, followed by
439:, was born in Rangpur,
323:, social reformer, and
267:Balliol College, Oxford
4381:(writer & scholar)
4290:David Alfaro Siqueiros
4240:AndrΓ© and Magda TrocmΓ©
4222:Martin Luther King Jr.
4214:Human rights activists
4174:Edris Rice-Wray Carson
4059:Physiology or Medicine
3927:Patrick Wolrige-Gordon
3723:B. Satya Narayan Reddy
3503:Jaramogi Oginga Odinga
3090:Robert Nicholas Curnow
2856:Henry William Macrosty
2814:The Viscount D'Abernon
2726:Sir Francis Powell, Bt
2720:Patrick George Craigie
2571:Sir John Pakington, Bt
2323:Vice-Chancellor of the
1842:Dennis Sewell (2009).
1781:Times Higher Education
1733:galtoninstitute.org.uk
1291:10.1093/ref:odnb/31871
962:
796:
665:
575:unemployment insurance
529:
528:Beveridge in the 1910s
424:
348:unemployment insurance
4076:Hermann Joseph Muller
4071:Dickinson W. Richards
3879:Komla Agbeli Gbedemah
3456:LΓ©opold SΓ©dar Senghor
2988:George Alfred Barnard
2892:Sir Geoffrey Heyworth
2744:Sir Charles Dilke, Bt
2685:Alfred Edmund Bateman
2655:Thomas Graham Balfour
2493:Sir Charles Lemon, Bt
2316:Ernest Arthur Gardner
2289:William Pember Reeves
2156:29.2 (2014): 148β161.
2149:62.3 (1988): 504β531.
2147:Social Service Review
2140:56.2 (2022): 217-229.
1871:1943; vol. 35, p. 23.
1428:The National Archives
960:
833:1945 general election
803:, was elected to the
790:
682:General Service Corps
663:
527:
422:
405:1945 general election
319:politician who was a
18:Sir William Beveridge
4282:Arthur Ernest Bishop
4066:Albert Szent-GyΓΆrgyi
3432:JosΓ© Figueres Ferrer
2898:Austin Bradford Hill
2774:Lord George Hamilton
2756:Lord George Hamilton
2679:John Biddulph Martin
2553:The Earl of Harrowby
2547:The Earl FitzWilliam
2535:The Earl of Harrowby
2529:The Earl FitzWilliam
2499:The Earl FitzWilliam
2325:University of London
2235:The Beveridge Report
2070:45.1β2 (1992): 5-16.
1593:Helen Keller Archive
1567:Helen Keller Archive
1048:, Vol. VII, 1936β37.
933:children's allowance
507:religion of humanity
480:University of Oxford
460:Queen Square, London
451:), on 5 March 1879.
433:Indian Civil Service
339:put in place by the
75:Member of Parliament
44:The Right Honourable
4618:British eugenicists
4453:(cultural theorist)
4102:Salvatore Quasimodo
3966:Dana McLean Greeley
3676:Cornelis Berkhouwer
3480:Otilio Ulate Blanco
3384:Head of governments
3166:David Spiegelhalter
2874:Ernest Charles Snow
2619:George Shaw-Lefevre
2577:William Henry Sykes
2379:George Charles Grey
2172:Histoire@ Politique
2161:Timmins, Nicholas.
1758:on 28 November 2010
1122:Power and Influence
902:Power and Influence
813:George Charles Grey
674:Sir Thomas Phillips
668:Three years later,
393:Power and Influence
389:Pillars of Security
255:Charterhouse School
103:George Charles Grey
4613:British economists
4518:World constitution
4346:Hugh J. Schonfield
4306:Edward J. Sparling
3831:Irène de Lipkowski
3819:Inder Kumar Gujral
3468:Muhammad Ayub Khan
2940:Joseph Oscar Irwin
2850:Arthur Lyon Bowley
2732:The Earl of Onslow
2541:The Lord Overstone
2387:Berwick-upon-Tweed
2335:Sir Gregory Foster
2198:A Beveridge Reader
2128:ed. Gower (1984).
2079:(1977) pp 211β28.
2049:Detail taken from
2014:"Subject Reunions"
1645:The London Gazette
1383:(1997) pp 196-227.
1335:. 21 December 2012
1098:The Price of Peace
1092:Why I am a Liberal
999:In November 2018,
963:
887:David Lloyd George
859:Conservative Party
821:Operation Bluecoat
809:Berwick-upon-Tweed
797:
769:world constitution
716:national insurance
666:
587:National Insurance
530:
484:first class degree
456:Elizabeth Malleson
425:
80:Berwick-upon-Tweed
48:The Lord Beveridge
4623:British reformers
4608:British humanists
4603:British agnostics
4567:
4566:
4482:
4474:
4466:
4454:
4446:
4438:
4430:
4422:
4414:
4406:
4398:
4390:
4382:
4374:
4366:
4358:
4350:
4342:
4334:
4326:
4318:
4310:
4302:
4294:
4286:
4244:
4194:Priyadaranjan Ray
4150:
4149:
4143:
4081:Macfarlane Burnet
4046:
3953:Religious leaders
3947:
3946:
3939:William Beveridge
3747:Diwan Chaman Lall
3648:
3647:
3212:
3211:
3137:Bernard Silverman
3078:D. J. Bartholomew
2946:Sir Paul Chambers
2868:William Beveridge
2784:Registrar General
2661:Frederic J. Mouat
2583:The Lord Houghton
2565:Lord John Russell
2435:
2434:
2400:Succeeded by
2359:Succeeded by
2332:Succeeded by
2303:Succeeded by
2281:Academic offices
2231:William Beveridge
2174:3 (2014): 24β37.
1944:978-0-473-44506-5
1894:978-1-4473-5584-7
1855:978-0-330-42744-9
1523:Einstein on peace
1464:978-1-317-57304-3
1396:(1997) pp 257-76.
1370:(1997) pp 98-117.
1357:(1997) pp 1, 323.
1297:(Subscription or
1221:979-10-351-0058-2
1129:India Called Them
855:Winston Churchill
664:Beveridge in 1943
579:Winston Churchill
564:free school meals
516:", in his words.
304:
303:
16:(Redirected from
4720:
4688:UK MPs 1935β1945
4557:
4556:
4528:World federalism
4523:World government
4480:
4472:
4460:
4452:
4444:
4436:
4428:
4426:Shigeri Yamataka
4420:
4412:
4410:Rameshwari Nehru
4404:
4396:
4388:
4380:
4372:
4364:
4356:
4348:
4340:
4333:(science editor)
4332:
4324:
4322:Gregorio Bermann
4316:
4308:
4300:
4298:E. M. L. Odjidja
4293:(Social realist)
4292:
4284:
4242:
4164:Charles C. Price
4141:
4097:Bertrand Russell
4044:
4042:Frederick Sanger
4001:
3981:Martin NiemΓΆller
3937:
3936:
3925:
3924:
3913:
3912:
3901:
3900:
3889:
3888:
3877:
3876:
3865:
3864:
3853:
3852:
3841:
3840:
3829:
3828:
3817:
3816:
3805:
3804:
3793:
3792:
3781:
3780:
3769:
3768:
3757:
3756:
3745:
3744:
3735:Chiyo Sakakibara
3733:
3732:
3721:
3720:
3709:
3708:
3697:
3696:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3659:
3638:
3637:
3626:
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3614:
3613:
3589:
3588:
3577:
3576:
3552:
3551:
3540:
3539:
3528:
3527:
3501:
3500:
3478:
3477:
3466:
3465:
3454:
3453:
3442:
3441:
3430:
3429:
3418:
3417:
3406:
3405:
3389:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3333:
3331:
3330:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3266:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3216:
3200:
3199:
3188:
3187:
3096:Denise Lievesley
2982:Bernard Benjamin
2970:Arthur Cockfield
2952:L. H. C. Tippett
2880:The Lord Woolton
2826:Sir Josiah Stamp
2703:The Lord Avebury
2691:Leonard Courtney
2643:Rawson W. Rawson
2595:William Newmarch
2461:
2454:
2447:
2438:
2423:Baron Beveridge
2376:Preceded by
2342:Preceded by
2313:Preceded by
2286:Preceded by
2278:
2054:
2051:Plan for Britain
2047:
2041:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2010:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1993:English Heritage
1985:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1969:. pp. 73β74
1964:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1878:
1872:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1754:, archived from
1743:
1737:
1736:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1672:
1666:
1656:
1650:
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1630:
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1627:
1625:
1611:
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1534:
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1517:
1511:
1496:
1490:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1448:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1425:
1416:
1410:
1407:The Road to 1945
1403:
1397:
1390:
1384:
1377:
1371:
1364:
1358:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1325:
1319:
1318:(1997) pp 43-78.
1312:
1303:
1302:
1294:
1276:
1265:
1258:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1066:Beveridge Report
1001:English Heritage
914:Eugenics Society
811:seat to succeed
703:Arthur Greenwood
595:Ministry of Food
568:labour exchanges
560:old age pensions
548:settlement house
356:Ministry of Food
352:labour exchanges
333:Beveridge Report
314:
221:
219:
171:
147:
145:
133:Personal details
111:
99:
90:
65:
55:
39:
21:
4728:
4727:
4723:
4722:
4721:
4719:
4718:
4717:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4568:
4563:
4532:
4506:
4485:
4478:Toyohiko Kagawa
4442:Stanley Slotkin
4413:(social worker)
4270:
4252:
4226:
4208:
4204:Wilder Penfield
4189:Pitirim Sorokin
4146:
4127:
4106:
4085:
4054:
4030:
3996:Nobel laureates
3990:
3943:
3931:
3919:
3907:
3895:
3883:
3871:
3867:KenzΕ Matsumura
3859:
3847:
3835:
3823:
3811:
3799:
3787:
3783:Hisato Ichimada
3775:
3763:
3751:
3739:
3727:
3715:
3703:
3691:
3680:
3670:
3668:
3644:
3632:
3620:
3608:
3595:
3583:
3571:
3558:
3546:
3534:
3522:
3515:Prime Ministers
3509:
3495:
3489:Vice-presidents
3484:
3472:
3460:
3448:
3436:
3424:
3412:
3400:
3378:
3367:
3365:
3354:
3352:
3341:
3339:
3328:
3326:
3315:
3313:
3300:
3260:
3252:
3243:
3213:
3208:
3176:
3100:
3024:Sir Claus Moser
3012:Stella Cunliffe
2934:Maurice Kendall
2910:The Lord Piercy
2844:The Lord Kennet
2838:Major Greenwood
2832:The Lord Meston
2820:A. William Flux
2802:The Lord Emmott
2707:
2673:The Lord Farrer
2505:Viscount Sandon
2474:
2465:
2425:
2405:
2390:
2381:
2364:
2355:
2347:
2337:
2328:
2324:
2318:
2308:
2299:
2291:
2245:BBC information
2210:
2184:
2182:Primary sources
2084:Fraser, Derek.
2075:Addison, Paul.
2063:
2061:Further reading
2058:
2057:
2048:
2044:
2036:
2032:
2022:
2020:
2012:
2011:
2007:
1997:
1995:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1972:
1970:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1945:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1920:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1895:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1869:Eugenics Review
1867:
1863:
1856:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1826:
1824:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1805:Eugenics Review
1803:
1799:
1793:
1786:
1784:
1783:. 12 March 1999
1775:
1774:
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1745:
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1726:
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1633:
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1546:
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1536:
1535:
1531:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1504:Nicholas Kaldor
1500:Friedrich Hayek
1497:
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1472:
1465:
1450:
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1327:
1326:
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1313:
1306:
1296:
1278:
1277:
1268:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1237:Donald Markwell
1211:Julien Demade,
1190:
1161:Beveridge curve
1151:
1112:
1110:
1103:
1027:
982:
955:
946:Eugenics Review
922:Lancelot Hogben
910:
875:set up by then-
785:
764:, Switzerland.
754:Albert Einstein
750:
694:
658:
591:First World War
534:social services
522:
520:Life and career
476:Balliol College
437:Annette Ackroyd
429:Henry Beveridge
417:
371:social security
310:
285:
246:
235:Henry Beveridge
223:
215:
211:
208:
190:Political party
173:
169:
149:
143:
141:
109:
97:
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86:
77:
56:
51:
49:
46:
35:
28:
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22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4726:
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4705:
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4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
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4655:
4650:
4645:
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4635:
4630:
4625:
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4615:
4610:
4605:
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4561:
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4507:
4505:
4504:
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4484:
4483:
4475:
4467:
4455:
4447:
4439:
4431:
4423:
4415:
4407:
4399:
4394:Oscar Niemeyer
4391:
4383:
4378:Mark Van Doren
4375:
4367:
4359:
4357:(union leader)
4351:
4343:
4335:
4327:
4319:
4311:
4303:
4295:
4287:
4278:
4276:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4268:
4266:Hugh B. Hester
4262:
4260:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4248:Brock Chisholm
4245:
4236:
4234:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4224:
4218:
4216:
4210:
4209:
4207:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4179:Harlow Shapley
4176:
4171:
4166:
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4152:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4144:
4135:
4133:
4129:
4128:
4126:
4125:
4123:Joseph Rotblat
4120:
4114:
4112:
4108:
4107:
4105:
4104:
4099:
4093:
4091:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4062:
4060:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4052:
4047:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4011:Alfred Kastler
4007:
4005:
3998:
3992:
3991:
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3971:George MacLeod
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3554:Tetsu Katayama
3544:
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3530:Clement Attlee
3519:
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3154:John Pullinger
3150:
3144:
3143:by David Hand)
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3072:T. M. F. Smith
3068:
3066:Peter G. Moore
3062:
3056:
3050:
3044:
3038:
3036:Peter Armitage
3032:
3026:
3020:
3014:
3008:
3002:
2996:
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2976:R. G. D. Allen
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2958:M. S. Bartlett
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2790:Herbert Samuel
2786:
2780:Bernard Mallet
2776:
2770:
2768:The Lord Welby
2764:
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2746:
2740:
2738:Richard Martin
2734:
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2722:
2715:
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2709:
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2706:
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2699:
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2649:George Goschen
2645:
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2208:External links
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2192:
2183:
2180:
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2167:
2166:
2165:(3rd ed. 2012)
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2111:
2110:
2102:
2101:
2093:Harris, Jose.
2090:
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2005:
1980:
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1508:Hayek on Hayek
1491:
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1405:Paul Addison,
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1333:Fabian Society
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898:House of Lords
894:Northumberland
884:Prime Minister
847:Clement Attlee
825:Radical Action
784:
781:
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742:social justice
693:
690:
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627:Lionel Robbins
610:Fabian Society
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409:House of Lords
331:(known as the
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4458:Tamaki Uemura
4456:
4451:
4448:
4445:(businessman)
4443:
4440:
4437:(theosophist)
4435:
4432:
4427:
4424:
4419:
4418:Satish Gujral
4416:
4411:
4408:
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4338:Henri Laugier
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4275:Varied Fields
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4232:Humanitarians
4229:
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4211:
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4169:Edward Condon
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4140:
4139:Linus Pauling
4137:
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4118:John Boyd Orr
4116:
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4027:
4024:
4022:
4021:Hideki Yukawa
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
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4002:
3999:
3997:
3993:
3987:
3986:Michael Scott
3984:
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3808:
3807:IchirΕ Kiyose
3803:
3798:
3796:
3795:Henry Usborne
3791:
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3662:International
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3628:Setsuo Yamada
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3542:Milton Margai
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3173:
3172:Deborah Ashby
3169:
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3163:
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3148:Valerie Isham
3145:
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3006:Henry Daniels
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2667:Charles Booth
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1707:. Routledge.
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1028:
1024:
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1020:
1016:
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1002:
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980:Commemoration
979:
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975:
970:
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959:
953:Personal life
952:
950:
948:
947:
940:
938:
937:Danny Dorling
934:
929:
927:
926:John Ashworth
923:
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789:
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780:
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748:Global policy
747:
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739:
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717:
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712:
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699:
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689:
688:was created.
687:
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632:
628:
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615:
614:Beatrice Webb
611:
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606:social policy
603:
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553:
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503:Auguste Comte
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487:
485:
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468:public school
465:
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441:British India
438:
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337:welfare state
334:
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207:
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188:
184:
180:
176:
168:16 March 1963
167:
163:
160:
156:
152:
140:
136:
131:
127:
124:7,523 (74.8%)
123:
119:
116:
113:
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104:
101:
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89:
84:
81:
76:
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4370:Lloyd Morain
4314:Erich Kahler
4016:C. F. Powell
3976:John Collins
3938:
3891:Lewis Silkin
3771:Gerhard Jahn
3711:Akira Kazami
3640:Shinzo Hamai
3361:Sierra Leone
3286:Philip Isely
3261:
3201:
3189:
3160:Peter Diggle
3140:
3105:21st century
3084:Adrian Smith
3060:John Kingman
3054:James Durbin
3000:D. J. Finney
2916:Egon Pearson
2867:
2796:R. Henry Rew
2712:20th century
2697:Henry Fowler
2601:William Farr
2559:Lord Stanley
2479:19th century
2429:
2422:
2418:New creation
2417:
2403:Robert Thorp
2384:
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1953:
1934:
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1864:
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1837:
1825:. Retrieved
1821:
1812:
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1800:
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1780:
1771:
1760:, retrieved
1756:the original
1751:
1741:
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1680:
1670:
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1557:
1545:. Retrieved
1541:
1532:
1522:
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1485:
1478:Paul Addison
1473:
1453:
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1427:
1414:
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1388:
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1323:
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1105:
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1009:Campden Hill
998:
990:Peter Fraser
983:
974:Thockrington
971:
967:Janet Philip
964:
944:
941:
930:
911:
901:
891:
851:Labour Party
845:
841:Robert Thorp
837:Conservative
798:
783:Later career
766:
751:
731:
729:
721:
709:
707:
698:Ernest Brown
695:
678:
670:Ernest Bevin
667:
656:Wartime work
639:
634:
623:Edwin Cannan
617:
599:
572:
544:Toynbee Hall
539:Morning Post
537:
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466:, a leading
464:Charterhouse
453:
426:
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392:
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382:
378:
374:
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306:
305:
206:Janet Philip
170:(1963-03-16)
151:Rangpur City
148:5 March 1879
115:Robert Thorp
110:Succeeded by
87:
36:
4588:1963 deaths
4583:1879 births
4450:Stuart Hall
4405:(economist)
4402:Εuchi HyΕei
4397:(architect)
4330:Gerard Piel
4199:RenΓ© Dumont
3961:AbbΓ© Pierre
3903:N. G. Ranga
3843:John Foster
3654:Politicians
3591:Hiroo Εhara
3408:Edgar Faure
3251:signatories
3119:Andy Grieve
3113:Peter Green
3048:John Nelder
2964:Frank Yates
2928:Hugh Beaver
2886:David Heron
2862:Hector Leak
2631:James Caird
2607:William Guy
2517:Lord Ashley
2218:1803β2005:
1998:24 November
1640:"No. 37627"
1433:17 February
1039:Archive.org
1005:blue plaque
1003:unveiled a
879:and future
839:candidate,
752:Along with
552:Sidney Webb
511:materialist
491:Stourbridge
395:(1953) and
321:progressive
182:Nationality
98:Preceded by
4577:Categories
4481:(pacifist)
4470:Tano JΕdai
4465:executive)
4429:(feminist)
4373:(humanist)
4325:(humanist)
4309:(educator)
4285:(inventor)
4184:Jean Orcel
4156:Scientists
4090:Literature
3616:E.C. Quaye
3393:Presidents
3322:Costa Rica
3281:Thane Read
3164:2017β2018
3158:2014β2016
3152:2013β2014
3146:2011β2012
3135:2010β2010
3131:David Hand
3129:2008β2009
3123:2005β2007
3117:2003β2005
3111:2001β2003
3094:1999β2001
3088:1997β1999
3082:1995β1997
3076:1993β1995
3070:1991β1993
3064:1989β1991
3058:1987β1989
3052:1986β1987
3046:1985β1986
3040:1984β1985
3034:1982β1984
3028:1980β1982
3022:1978β1980
3018:Henry Wynn
3016:1977β1978
3010:1975β1977
3004:1974β1975
2998:1973β1974
2992:1972β1973
2986:1971β1972
2980:1970β1971
2974:1969β1970
2968:1968β1969
2962:1967β1968
2956:1966β1967
2950:1965β1966
2944:1964β1965
2938:1962β1964
2932:1960β1962
2926:1959β1960
2920:1957β1959
2914:1955β1957
2908:1954β1955
2902:1952β1954
2896:1950β1952
2890:1949β1950
2884:1947β1949
2878:1945β1947
2872:1943β1945
2866:1941β1943
2854:1940β1941
2848:1938β1940
2842:1936β1938
2836:1934β1936
2830:1932β1934
2824:1930β1932
2818:1928β1930
2812:1926β1928
2806:1924β1926
2800:1922β1924
2794:1920β1922
2788:1918β1920
2778:1916β1918
2772:1915β1916
2766:1914β1915
2760:1912β1914
2754:1910β1912
2748:1909β1910
2742:1907β1909
2736:1906β1907
2730:1905β1906
2724:1904β1905
2718:1902β1904
2701:1900β1902
2695:1899β1900
2689:1897β1899
2677:1896β1897
2671:1894β1896
2665:1892β1894
2659:1890β1892
2653:1888β1890
2647:1886β1888
2641:1884β1886
2635:1882β1884
2629:1880β1882
2623:1879β1880
2617:1877β1879
2611:1875β1877
2605:1873β1875
2599:1871β1873
2593:1869β1871
2587:1867β1869
2581:1865β1867
2575:1863β1865
2569:1861β1863
2563:1859β1861
2557:1857β1859
2551:1855β1857
2545:1853β1855
2539:1851β1853
2533:1849β1851
2527:1847β1849
2521:1845β1847
2515:1843β1845
2509:1842β1843
2503:1840β1842
2497:1838β1840
2491:1836β1838
2485:1834β1836
2468:Presidents
2426:1946β1963
2356:1937β1945
2329:1926β1928
2300:1919β1937
1919:0198206852
1818:"ARTICLES"
1762:6 December
1547:19 October
1301:required.)
1248:References
499:positivist
449:Bangladesh
325:eugenicist
282:politician
273:Occupation
262:Alma mater
144:1879-03-05
4389:(teacher)
4362:Kay Boyle
4354:Kaoru Εta
4341:(scholar)
4317:(scholar)
4301:(teacher)
4050:Otto Hahn
4035:Chemistry
3564:Governors
3306:Countries
3030:David Cox
2808:Udny Yule
2362:John Wild
1973:31 August
1188:Resources
889:in 1911.
853:defeated
738:Keynesian
725:corporate
618:Poor Laws
472:Godalming
290:Known for
279:Economist
251:Education
177:, England
88:In office
4559:Category
4540:Source:
4421:(artist)
4365:(writer)
4258:Veterans
4132:Multiple
4026:Max Born
3685:National
3374:Tanzania
3335:Pakistan
3191:Category
3125:Tim Holt
2430:Extinct
1787:29 March
1392:Harris,
1379:Harris,
1366:Harris,
1200:, 1997.
1149:See also
1033:, 1909.
908:Eugenics
863:election
861:in that
849:and the
817:Normandy
637:(1939).
514:agnostic
495:humanist
391:(1943),
387:(1944),
381:(1936),
377:(1909),
243:(mother)
237:(father)
121:Majority
4490:Related
4045:(twice)
4004:Physics
3348:Senegal
3141:pro tem
2470:of the
2271:of the
2267:in the
2215:Hansard
2097:(1997)
2023:25 June
1624:15 July
1124:, 1953.
1113:13 June
1100:, 1945.
1094:, 1945.
1088:, 1944.
1082:, 1944.
1056:, 1939.
881:Liberal
805:Commons
478:at the
445:Rangpur
317:Liberal
228:Parents
222:
214:
210:
194:Liberal
185:British
3601:Mayors
3371:
3358:
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3332:
3319:
3170:2019β
2202:online
2176:online
2130:online
2120:online
2109:(1994)
2099:online
1941:
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1827:29 May
1711:
1686:7 July
1599:3 July
1573:1 July
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1339:6 July
1295:
1219:
1204:
1035:online
762:Geneva
646:Master
200:Spouse
175:Oxford
155:Bengal
4511:Other
4111:Peace
2860:1941
2683:1897
1963:(PDF)
1424:(PDF)
1025:Works
443:(now
431:, an
216:(
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159:India
4463:YWCA
3249:call
3203:List
2396:1945
2392:1944
2233:and
2025:2024
2000:2018
1975:2018
1939:ISBN
1914:ISBN
1889:ISBN
1850:ISBN
1829:2021
1789:2013
1764:2009
1709:ISBN
1688:2018
1626:2023
1601:2023
1575:2023
1549:2023
1459:ISBN
1435:2018
1341:2018
1217:ISBN
1202:ISBN
1115:2024
625:and
554:and
546:, a
497:and
165:Died
138:Born
78:for
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