241:, said that in the 1963 conclave Siri received sufficient votes for election, but refused it. The reason, according to Martin, was that he believed that "only thus could foreseen possibilities of grave danger be avoided—but whether harm to the Church, his family, or to him personally, is not clear." Siri's refusal, he says, followed a conversation on the subject of Siri's candidacy between a member of the conclave and somebody outside it, who was "an emissary of an internationally based organisation". In a 1997 interview on the radio programme
267:. Roncalli, he claims, was known as the "pink priest" because of his ties with both the French and Italian Communist parties, while Siri was "rabidly anti-Communist". Siri received the requisite number of votes on the third ballot, and was elected as Gregory XVII, but "the French cardinals annulled the results, claiming that the election would cause widespread riots and the assassination of several prominent bishops behind the Iron Curtain." It was then decided to elect Cardinal
33:
271:, but as he was too ill, Roncalli was elected instead. Williams cited "Department of State secret dispatch, 'John XXIII,' issue date: November 20, 1958, declassified: November 11, 1974" and "Department of State secret file, 'Cardinal Siri,' issue date: April 10, 1961, declassified: February 28, 1994" in support of his claims. In subsequent editions, however, the references were changed to simply "F.B.I. source".
129:, a traditional signal to the crowds in the square outside that a pope has been elected. It was followed after a few minutes by black smoke. The Italian radio network and the Italian news agency had to retract their initial reports that a pope had been elected. Something similar happened in the afternoon at 5:53
150:
The official responsible for arrangements outside the conclave notified the cardinals that the colour of the smoke had been misread and provided them with "smoke torches from a fireworks factory". The third day's four ballots again failed to select a pope and there was no confusion about the colour
171:
named Gary Giuffré began to expound the belief that Siri was the true pope, and that he was being held against his will in Rome. According to Giuffré and supporters of the theory, the white smoke that was seen on 26 October 1958 did indeed mean that a pope had been elected, and that pope was Siri,
467:
Twice during the day the famous chimney ... emitted dense black smoke.... Both signals gave the impression at first that a Pope had been elected.... The smoke that appeared shortly before noon appeared white at first and came in a thin stream.... A few minutes later, however, the smoke signal was
307:
has referred to adherents of the Siri theory as "sede impeditists", meaning that they believe there was a true pope, but that he was "impeded" by outside forces from taking his office. The magazine estimated that the theory was believed "by hundreds, perhaps thousands of people around the world".
332:
by John XXIII in 1959, and remained in the post under Paul VI until 1964. He sat on the Board of
Presidency of the Second Vatican Council from 1963 until its close in 1965. He was a candidate for pope in the 1978 conclave that followed the death of Paul VI, where he is thought to have led in the
158:
While Siri was considered a favourite for election before the conclave, he did not feature in the early voting, and ultimately was never in the running. He was thought too young at 52; a long pontificate would have been anticipated, and this was allegedly felt to be undesirable because a long
146:
said that "The crowd lingered for more than a half hour, apparently hoping against hope that a new Pope would appear." The paper reported that problems getting the straw to catch fire likely caused the morning’s problem and said "The second signal was misunderstood because it came well after
249:, but that he had received a written note after his election threatening him and his family with death should he accept. Followers of the theory recognize him as "Gregory XVII", and also refer to him as "the Red Pope".
141:
told the world: "The smoke is white... There is absolutely no doubt. A Pope has been elected." After about half an hour, the smoke turned black, indicating that there was no result. Vatican Radio corrected its report.
199:
that followed John XXIII's death. Once again white smoke was seen indicating that Siri had been elected, and again it turned black and, under threats from outside the conclave, a different cardinal was elected,
287:
are a minority group within traditionalist
Catholicism, who maintain that none of the popes from John XXIII (who called the council) onward were true popes, and that therefore the papal seat is vacant (
1442:
215:
The assertion that Siri's 1963 election had been set aside after the intervention of the B'nai B'rith was contained in an article written in 1986 by Louis Hubert Remy in a French publication,
263:
documents confirmed that Siri had been elected pope in 1958 as
Gregory XVII. According to Williams, however, the election was quashed not by a Judeo-Masonic conspiracy, but by fear of the
1184:
1214:
78:
on the first day of balloting at the conclave indicated the election of Siri, but that threats applied from outside the conclave caused his election to be reversed, allowing
172:
but he was forced to surrender the papacy in the face of dire threats from outside the conclave. Giuffré speculates the main threat was that Rome would be destroyed with a
1734:
301:, is neatly explained by the Siri theory: if Siri was elected in 1958, then the election of John, and therefore of all his successors, was invalid. The Catholic magazine
2067:
204:, who took the name Paul VI. During this conclave, it was alleged that the threats of terrible retribution if Siri were elected were passed into the conclave by the
151:
of the smoke. On the afternoon of the next day, 28 October, white smoke signalled the election of a pope. On their eleventh ballot the conclave had elected
Cardinal
103:
1401:
1224:
2062:
1177:
176:, effectively wiping out the entire hierarchy of the Church in one blow. With the electors unsure of how to proceed, Roncalli, who they claim was a
1470:
118:, then 52 years old, was considered a strong candidate in the election. Siri was viewed then, and throughout his life, as staunchly conservative.
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789:
755:
2002:
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890:
838:
260:
90:. Adherents of the Siri theory say that the election of John XXIII was invalid. They regard him and his successors as imposters and
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953:
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83:
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pontificate would have prevented other cardinals who wanted to be elected pope from having the chance of being elected.
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1936:
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1997:
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125:
a.m. on the morning of 26 October, the first day of balloting, white smoke was seen coming from the chimney of the
2007:
1383:
252:
1346:
279:
Traditionalist
Catholics oppose the liturgical changes and "modernist" theological positions resulting from the
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1900:
1844:
1724:
1267:
861:
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Siri is not recorded as ever having made reference to the theory, nor was there any mention of it in his
1230:
685:. Translated into English by Heidi Hagen for "The Sangre de Cristo Newsnotes" – No. 55 – December 1987.
652:
531:
502:
448:
1615:
698:
The Keys of This Blood: Pope John Paul II Versus Russia and the West for
Control of the New World Order
532:"Cardinal Roncalli Elected Pope; Venetian, 76, Reighs as John XXIII; Thousands Hail Him at St. Peter's"
1653:
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1099:
196:
173:
107:
2028:
1535:
1252:
268:
189:
64:
1966:
1560:
1317:
1301:
1042:
303:
245:, hosted by John Loefller, Martin claimed that Siri had also obtained a majority of votes in the
608:
382:
The Smoke of Satan: Conservative and
Traditionalist Dissent in Contemporary American Catholicism
205:
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nightfall. The smoke was lighted from below by a spotlight, which made black appear white."
969:
2023:
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1369:
1272:
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665:
152:
79:
1956:
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1590:
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1555:
1515:
1475:
878:
601:
345:
from 1946 to 1987, and at the time of his retirement he was "the last remaining active
288:
228:
126:
71:, but that his election was suppressed. Siri did not associate himself with this idea.
184:
soon after his election to regularize the unusual situation. Roncalli was elected as
2056:
1946:
1868:
1545:
1128:
1070:. Translated by Stefanelli, Andrew; Nash, Anne Englund. Ignatius Press. p. 174.
561:
284:
138:
115:
111:
52:
36:
1941:
1916:
1237:
823:
293:
264:
201:
180:, supposedly offered himself as a compromise with the promise that he would call a
87:
48:
32:
1037:
1010:
634:"'Grave Reasons of State': The Atomic Bomb and the Eclipse of the Vicar of Christ"
1620:
1565:
1351:
177:
75:
633:
341:, where he is also thought to have come within a few votes of election. He was
82:
to be elected two days later. The source of the threats has been identified as
1980:
1465:
480:
232:
185:
1162:
965:
1893:
328:
on the centenary of Siri's birth in 2006. He was appointed president of the
91:
1490:
298:
188:
instead of Siri. It is claimed
Roncalli purposely chose the same name as
17:
1130:
Heirs of the
Fisherman: Behind the Scenes of Papal Death and Succession
563:
Heirs of the
Fisherman: Behind the Scenes of Papal Death and Succession
1427:
Slaves of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Still River, Massachusetts)
679:
Remy, Louis Hubert (1986). "The Pope: Could He Be Cardinal Siri?".
223:, and translated into English in 1987 for Dan Jones's newsletter,
181:
31:
297:). The idea that John XXIII and Paul VI were not true popes, but
195:
The theory further claims that a similar process occurred at the
1765:
Slaves of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Richmond, New Hampshire)
60:
1166:
137:
p.m., after the smoke had continued white for several minutes,
283:(1962–1965), which many of them see as a "heretical" council.
1443:
Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney
747:
Keepers of the Keys of Heaven: A History of the Papacy
603:
Keepers of the Keys of Heaven: A History of the Papacy
1038:"The Italian Episcopal Conference and its Presidents"
227:. That article made no mention of the 1958 conclave.
449:"Cardinals Ballot 4 Times, but Fail to Elect a Pope"
2016:
1990:
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Preconciliar rites after the Second Vatican Council
1207:
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1127:
822:
784:(2009 ed.). Prometheus Books. pp. 91–3.
600:
560:
503:"Voting for Pope Goes into 3d Day After 8 Ballots"
825:The Vatican Exposed: Money, Murder, and the Mafia
781:The Vatican Exposed: Money, Murder, and the Mafia
488:The Vatican Exposed: Money, Murder, and the Mafia
468:repeated and this time it was unmistakably black.
337:(John Paul I), and again two months later in the
74:Its exponents claim that a prolonged emission of
419:"Giuseppe Cardinal Siri of Genoa Is Dead at 82"
1011:"Defender of Tradition and of Workers' Rights"
192:as an acknowledgment of his irregular status.
133:p.m. when the smoke again appeared white. At 6
1402:Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest
1225:List of communities using the Tridentine Mass
1178:
8:
217:
925:. University of Chicago Press. p. 88.
730:Malachi Martin interviewed by John Loeffler
1987:
1873:
1813:
1714:
1707:
1696:
1503:
1374:
1204:
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1171:
1163:
829:(1st ed.). Prometheus Books. p.
732:, Steel on Steel News Radio, 22 March 1997
995:(in Italian). Bologna: Studio Dominicani.
442:
440:
110:, which was held to elect a successor to
27:Traditionalist Catholic conspiracy theory
2003:Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church
333:early ballots before being overtaken by
167:Sometime in the late 1980s, an American
2068:Conspiracy theories involving Catholics
1471:Latin Mass Society of England and Wales
778:Williams, Paul L. (25 September 2009).
374:
372:
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366:
364:
362:
358:
1718:Operating with partial papal faculties
1606:Princess Elisabeth von Thurn und Taxis
661:
650:
320:obituary, in the biography written by
1884:Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen
701:. Simon & Schuster. p. 608.
413:
411:
409:
7:
1392:Canons Regular of Saint John Cantius
530:Cortesi, Arnaldo (29 October 1958).
501:Cortesi, Arnaldo (28 October 1958).
447:Cortesi, Arnaldo (27 October 1958).
1611:Gloria, Princess of Thurn and Taxis
1461:Canons Regular of the New Jerusalem
1134:. Oxford University Press. p.
1036:Cardinale, Gianne (February 2007).
567:. Oxford University Press. p.
1760:Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat
1412:Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter
1397:Fraternity of Saint Vincent Ferrer
923:Fundamentalisms Observed, Volume 1
632:Giuffre, Gary (July–August 2015).
599:Roger Collins (24 February 2009).
25:
2063:Catholicism-related controversies
1829:Orthodox Roman Catholic Movement
155:, who took the name John XXIII.
915:"Roman Catholic Traditionalism"
883:America's Alternative Religions
875:"Roman Catholic Traditionalism"
347:cardinal named by Pope Pius XII
1422:Sons of the Most Holy Redeemer
1407:Institute of the Good Shepherd
425:. Associated Press. 3 May 1989
225:The Sangre de Cristo Newsnotes
1:
484:. 1 November 1958. Quoted in
2034:Rogelio del Rosario Martinez
1901:Society of Saint Pius V
1824:Istituto Mater Boni Consilii
1725:Society of Saint Pius X
1669:Bernard Tissier de Mallerais
954:"The "Siri thesis" Unravels"
921:; Appleby, R. Scott (eds.).
385:. JHU Press. pp. 84–5.
330:Italian Episcopal Conference
311:
1730:Affiliated religious orders
1486:Tradition, Family, Property
1417:Servants of the Holy Family
1311:Extra Ecclesiam nulla salus
1098:Allen, John L. Jr. (2005).
885:. SUNY Press. p. 101.
2094:
2078:Traditionalist Catholicism
1998:Palmarian Christian Church
1889:Most Holy Family Monastery
1194:Traditionalist Catholicism
1105:National Catholic Reporter
993:Il Cardinale Giuseppe Siri
991:Spiazzi, Raimondo (1990).
821:Williams, Paul L. (2003).
379:Cuneo, Michael W. (1999).
324:, or in a speech given by
255:, in a 2003 book entitled
2008:Apostles of Infinite Love
1750:
1521:Louis-Marie de Blignières
1506:
1126:Pham, John-Peter (2004).
1067:Vatican Council Notebooks
559:Pham, John-Peter (2004).
208:, working on behalf of a
1481:Notre-Dame de Chrétienté
1295:Pascendi Dominici gregis
1064:De Lubac, Henri (2015).
913:Dinges, William (1994).
873:Dinges, William (1995).
695:Martin, Malachi (1991).
210:Judeo-Masonic conspiracy
1962:Joaquín Sáenz y Arriaga
1790:Antônio de Castro Mayer
1268:Liturgical use of Latin
1100:"How a pope is elected"
811:Williams (2009), p. 92.
750:. Hachette. p. ?.
744:Collins, Roger (2015).
607:. Basic Books. p.
486:Williams, Paul (2009).
169:traditionalist Catholic
47:which asserts that the
1342:Second Vatican Council
1244:Pontifical Commission
660:Cite journal requires
292:
281:Second Vatican Council
238:The Keys of This Blood
218:
86:, or as agents of the
40:
1937:Martín Dávila Gandara
1755:Fraternité Notre-Dame
1659:Ginés Jesús Hernández
1231:Quattuor abhinc annos
339:October 1978 conclave
163:History of the theory
35:
1845:Guérard des Lauriers
1654:Alfonso de Galarreta
1637:but later reconciled
1601:Alexander Tschugguel
1596:Athanasius Schneider
1551:Maria-Anna Galitzine
1273:Mass of Paul VI
1260:Traditionis custodes
174:thermonuclear weapon
102:On 25 October 1958,
2029:Lucian Pulvermacher
1735:Canonical situation
1704:of papal legitimacy
1702:public renunciation
1700:Independent, but no
1536:Charles A. Coulombe
1347:Écône consecrations
1253:Summorum Pontificum
972:on 15 February 2007
343:Archbishop of Genoa
312:Siri's later career
269:Federico Tedeschini
261:US State Department
257:The Vatican Exposed
247:first 1978 conclave
190:Antipope John XXIII
84:Jews and Freemasons
65:1958 papal conclave
57:Archbishop of Genoa
1967:Francis Schuckardt
1795:Richard Williamson
1616:Carlo Maria Viganò
1561:Peter Joseph Jugis
1318:Dignitatis humanae
1302:Syllabus of Errors
958:Inside the Vatican
539:The New York Times
510:The New York Times
456:The New York Times
423:The New York Times
304:Inside the Vatican
144:The New York Times
67:, taking the name
41:
2050:
2049:
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2041:
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1974:
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1803:
1802:
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1586:Roberto de Mattei
1571:Philippe Laguérie
1526:Raymond Leo Burke
1360:
1359:
1007:Andreotti, Giulio
960:. February 2006.
860:Williams (2009),
618:978-0-7867-4418-3
69:Pope Gregory XVII
45:conspiracy theory
16:(Redirected from
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1988:
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1809:Sedeprivationist
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968:. Archived from
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1957:Mark Pivarunas
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1917:Oswald Baker
1453:Associations
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275:Significance
265:Soviet Union
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1566:Blaise Kurz
1352:Siri thesis
1083:10 November
233:apocalyptic
114:. Cardinal
76:white smoke
55:, then the
2057:Categories
1981:Conclavist
1466:Juventutem
1379:Institutes
1367:within the
1145:0195346351
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544:6 November
515:6 November
481:The Tablet
461:6 November
392:0801862655
353:References
235:1990 book
186:John XXIII
1894:Feeneyism
1740:Faculties
1693:movements
1384:societies
1365:Movements
1324:Ecumenism
1289:Modernism
1043:30 Giorni
966:1068-8579
643:1 January
299:antipopes
231:, in his
178:Freemason
92:antipopes
51:Cardinal
18:Sirianism
1491:Una Voce
1282:Doctrine
1151:24 April
1111:23 April
1049:23 April
1021:26 April
1009:(2006).
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