286:
44:
861:
847:
114:
105:
96:
87:
78:
69:
60:
51:
447:
368:, women typically wore their hair loose, whereas men would often remove all hair but a long forelock. They frequently painted their bodies and faces (black, red, yellow, blue, and white) for ceremonial rites, war, and festive occasions, or to mourn the dead.
552:- possibly spared because of her red hair - who "became the wife of an Indian Chief, residing in a settlement near the Split Rock". It has been written that Wampage himself was the murderer of Hutchinson and that he adopted the name of Anhōōke due to a
372:
jewelry and belts were worn as a symbol of social status. The
Siwanoy no doubt ate all varieties of fish and shellfish, as the shore had numerous fishing stations and a rich aquatic life; and the interior provided fruits, nuts, and animal life.
575:
people were gathered together for a corn festival. The Dutch forces slaughtered between 500 and 700 indigenous people, including women and children, who were forced into their homes and burned alive.
1409:
1383:
647:
Following the 1654 treaty, the
Siwanoys remained in the area around Westchester County for another hundred years, until they eventually "melted away" by intermarriage with the English settlers.
893:
Although the village of
Nanichiestawack was located north of the traditional extent of Siwanoy territory, between 500 and 700 Siwanoy and Wecquaesgeek people were killed there during the
537:, and is said to have cost the lives of some 1,600 Wappinger refugees. Thus, tensions between the colonists and the indigenous people of the area were extremely high at this time.
1665:
1670:
1141:
1660:
1489:
1556:
466:
in the Bronx, which he identified as being once occupied by
Siwanoy, as well as other peoples. Native people attacked a European ship from this site in 1619.
352:. Nohham Cachat-Schilling of the Massachusetts Ethical Archaeology Society writes that the Siwaony might not have spoken Munsee but instead may have spoken
1417:
285:
1134:
533:
The western bands of the
Wappinger, including the Siwanoy, were at war with the Dutch from 1640 to 1645. Part of this period is often referred to as
1690:
655:
Some continued to reside along the shore in
Westchester County until 1756, when most of the Wappinger and Mahicans remaining in the area joined the
1458:
627:
of continued encroachment upon Dutch territory. In
September 1664, the British Navy, supported by a militia invasion force consisting largely of
230:
1516:
831:
1680:
827:
1089:
486:, located on Hunter Island, were spiritually significant to the Siwanoy. Here the Siwanoys practiced their sacred ceremonies, and two
384:(or emblem) – the “enchanted wolf”, with the right paw raised defiantly. They were also allied and shared a common lifestyle with the
270:
1291:
1260:
1225:
1025:
958:
933:
43:
668:
1685:
1675:
294:
250:
684:
545:
290:
246:
1655:
1183:
349:
1521:
688:
700:
314:
1384:"Indian Entities Recognized by and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs"
817:
564:
435:
The village of
Nanichiestawack, or Nawchestaweck ("place of safety"), located near present-day Woods Bridge at
1490:"A Village Here, A Village There. But Why?; For Many in Mamaroneck, It Is Still the 'Place Where We Gather'"
1250:
1107:"Decolonizing Our Story, Indigenous Peoples of the Great Rivers Intervale: an Onomastic and Identity Review"
720:
274:
1145:
1526:
776:
604:
266:
498:(the spiritual, omnipresent life force that manifests itself in everything). Many Siwanoys likely became
1468:
740:
413:
1550:
1246:
1011:
894:
874:
866:
769:
596:
568:
528:
440:
388:. Like other tribes of the area, the Siwanoy were loosely organized into several groups, each with a
262:
309:
is unknown. It appears at least as early in that spelling on the 1685 revision of a 1656 Dutch map,
616:
318:
1645:
1592:
1494:
1188:
852:
628:
608:
587:
Shāwānórōckquot (Shanarockwell), Poquōrūm, Anhōōke (Wampage I), Wawhāmkus, and Mehúmōw deeded to
353:
345:
1215:
1015:
1463:
1287:
1256:
1221:
1085:
1021:
954:
929:
763:
436:
238:
1599:
736:
708:
656:
636:
600:
592:
499:
458:
In the early 20th century, Alanson
Skinner unearthed the Throgs Neck site, on the peninsula
409:
389:
200:
138:
789:
Anna, daughter of
Wampage II, who married Thomas Pell II, 3rd Lord of Pelham Manor (son of
1650:
1615:
696:
541:
475:
341:
234:
177:
151:
446:
432:("place of stringing beads"), because of the large quantities of wampum produced there.
803:
783:
745:
Wampage II (Ninham-Wampage/Ann Hook), chieftain on present-day Hunter Island circa 1700
672:
620:
534:
524:
507:
417:
1084:. Vol. 15: Northeast. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution. pp. 213–214.
1639:
790:
749:
632:
463:
401:
823:
807:
572:
549:
548:, an ancient landmark. The only survivor was Hutchinson's nine-year-old daughter,
459:
451:
385:
181:
126:
Map of Long Island Sound showing approximate location of known Siwanoy settlements
1330:
1313:
1057:
988:
923:
494:; the Siwanoys believed the boulders to have been placed there by their guardian
624:
588:
17:
1059:
History of the Several Towns, Manors, and Patents of the County of Westchester
842:
712:
428:. They referred to the area surrounding Ann Hook's Neck and Hunter Island as
813:
732:
692:
612:
425:
258:
254:
242:
173:
400:
The Siwanoys' largest village in 1640 was Poningo, located near modern-day
1366:
1600:"Siwanoy historical documents at the Mapping Early New York Encyclopedia"
716:
704:
660:
553:
405:
377:
759:
Shanarockwell (Shāwānórōckquot), chieftain at present-day Rye circa 1660
503:
495:
185:
1578:
1459:"Hatchets, hoes and mirrors: Deed shows how colonists bought Stamford"
664:
584:
487:
369:
365:
1106:
989:"Thomas Pell II (1675/76-1739): Third Lord of the Manor of Pelham"
445:
381:
313:("New Netherland and New England", and also parts of Virginia, by
284:
556:
custom of taking the name of a notable person personally killed.
1140:. Administrator's Office, Van Cortlandt & Pelham Bay Parks,
1588:
1220:. Molokai, Hawaii: Robert Sterling Publishing. pp. 16–17.
951:
The Indian Population of New England in the Seventeenth Century
1080:
Goddard, Ives (1978). "Delaware". In Bruce G., Trigger (ed.).
221:
1583:
544:, six of her children, and nine others in August 1643, near
1572:
215:
209:
376:
Their closest allies were the Lenape to the west and the
615:. The parties signed a treaty under the Treaty Oak near
922:
Cantwell, Anne-Marie E.; Wall, Diana diZerega (2001).
639:, the Dutch Governor of New Netherland, to surrender.
623:
authorities did not recognize his title, accusing the
928:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. p. 129.
218:
212:
206:
1573:
Stockbridge-Munsee Community Band of Mohican Indians
1315:
Ancient Town of Pelham, Westchester County, New York
257:. By 1640, their territory (Wykagyl) extended from
1517:"Born in conflict, a town called Greenwich emerges"
925:
Unearthing Gotham: The Archaeology of New York City
203:
167:
157:
145:
131:
1595:and nonprofit organization based in Tampa, Florida
1286:. New York: Doubleday/Vintage. pp. 160, 384.
1353:Thomas Pell and the Legend of the Pell Treaty Oak
810:from Rhode Island; direct descendant of Wampage I
571:, took place while a large number of Siwanoy and
663:, and with them were eventually merged into the
1209:
1207:
1205:
775:Mayn Mayano (Mianus), chieftain at present-day
1164:History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River
953:. University of California Press. p. 60.
392:(chieftain) and a somewhat-defined territory.
1544:
1542:
1332:Pathway to a Village: A History of Bronxville
782:Wascussee, chieftain at Shippan (present-day
762:Cokenseko, chieftain circa 1680; namesake of
563:was wiped out by 130 Dutch mercenaries under
540:A group of Siwanoy, led by Wampage I, killed
8:
1252:Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico
1017:Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico
253:. They were one of the western bands of the
33:
27:Native American subtribe in New York (state)
1452:
1450:
631:colonists and led by Pell himself, entered
1666:Native American tribes in New York (state)
1241:
1239:
1237:
982:
980:
978:
976:
974:
972:
970:
659:, then living under the protection of the
424:), and “winter quarters” farther south at
32:
1414:National Conference of State Legislatures
1378:
1376:
1318:. Richmond, Va.: Dietz Press. p. 13.
1006:
1004:
1002:
506:was one of these, taking John White as a
1671:History of Fairfield County, Connecticut
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
917:
915:
913:
735:, Anhōōke (died ca. 1680), chieftain at
703:are both federally recognized tribes in
559:In February 1644, the entire village of
1607:
1390:. 87 FR 4636: 4636–41. January 28, 2022
1346:
1344:
1342:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1166:. Albany, N.Y.: J. Munsell. p. 50.
1142:City of New York Parks & Recreation
909:
886:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1133:O'Hea Anderson, Marianne (June 1996).
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1105:Cachat-Schilling, Nohham (June 2022).
768:Wappaquewam, chieftain at present-day
380:to the north, with whom they shared a
1661:Native American tribes in Connecticut
1284:The Island at the Center of the World
1184:"As Darkness Descends, Wraiths Arise"
723:that identify as Lenape descendants.
7:
756:, the Siwanoy village located at Rye
567:. The surprise attack, known as the
269:; it became hotly contested between
132:Regions with significant populations
1217:Mount Nimham: The Ridge of Patriots
752:, circa 1640; possible namesake of
289:The Siwanoy are listed in southern
1082:Handbook of North American Indians
25:
1441:The Pelham Manor Story, 1891-1991
241:along the coasts of what are now
859:
845:
834:; direct descendant of Wampage I
820:; direct descendant of Wampage I
748:Ponus, chieftain at present-day
591:9,160 acres of land east of the
519:Conflict with European colonists
199:
112:
103:
94:
85:
76:
67:
58:
49:
42:
1691:Extinct Native American peoples
1602:. New Amsterdam History Center.
1515:Marchant, Robert (2015-02-21).
995:, New Series, vol. I (3): 25–48
949:Cook, Sherburne Friend (1976).
237:-speaking people, who lived in
113:
104:
95:
86:
77:
68:
59:
50:
1457:Carella, Angela (2020-07-22).
1144:. pp. 5–6. Archived from
1:
1616:"Siwanoy Nation Incorporated"
1488:Markowitz, Dan (1999-11-21).
651:18th- to 19th-century history
490:are believed to be buried at
295:Fairfield County, Connecticut
251:Fairfield County, Connecticut
685:Stockbridge Munsee Community
454:, shown in red, in the Bronx
291:Westchester County, New York
247:Westchester County, New York
1589:Siwanoy Nation Incorporated
1439:Saunders, James B. (1991).
798:Notable Siwanoy descendants
675:to Wisconsin in the 1830s.
671:, a Lenape people who were
439:, was destroyed during the
350:Eastern Algonquian language
1707:
1681:People from New Netherland
1335:. Nebko Press. p. 14.
1214:Maxson, Thomas F. (2009).
1182:Kriss, Gary (1982-10-31).
1062:. New York: Chas. F. Roper
828:U.S. Ambassador to Hungary
689:federally recognized tribe
667:. Some of them joined the
522:
311:Novi Belgii Novæque Angliæ
299:Novi Belgii Novæque Angliæ
1584:Delaware Tribe of Indians
1410:"State Recognized Tribes"
1162:Ruttenber, E. M. (1872).
814:Herbert Claiborne Pell IV
701:Delaware Tribe of Indians
315:Petrus Schenk the Younger
172:
162:
150:
136:
38:
1367:"Town of Pelham History"
1282:Shorto, Russell (2004).
993:Pelliana: Pell of Pelham
987:Pell, Robert T. (1965),
818:Governor of Rhode Island
476:glacial erratic boulders
1351:Bell, Blake A. (2004).
1312:Barr, Lockwood (1946).
1056:Bolton, Robert (1881).
721:state-recognized tribes
599:, including modern day
579:Treaty with Thomas Pell
502:; the Siwanoy sagamore
450:The geographic feature
328:may be a corruption of
305:The origin of the name
265:, and as far inland as
1527:Greenwich, Connecticut
1355:. New York: iUniverse.
777:Greenwich, Connecticut
455:
302:
1469:Stamford, Connecticut
1329:Mays, Victor (1962).
1247:Hodge, Frederick Webb
1012:Hodge, Frederick Webb
523:Further information:
449:
288:
255:Wappinger Confederacy
168:Related ethnic groups
121:Siwanoy (Long Island)
1686:History of the Bronx
1676:Algonquian ethnonyms
1551:Congressional Record
895:Pound Ridge massacre
875:Siwanoy Country Club
867:New York City portal
770:Mamaroneck, New York
569:Pound Ridge massacre
565:Capt. John Underhill
529:Pound Ridge massacre
514:17th-century history
441:Pound Ridge massacre
356:or another dialect.
317:from an original by
263:Norwalk, Connecticut
669:Stockbridge Indians
617:Bartow-Pell Mansion
319:Nicolaes Visscher I
297:on this excerpt of
231:Indigenous American
163:Indigenous religion
35:
1656:Algonquian peoples
1593:unrecognized tribe
1495:The New York Times
1420:on 25 October 2022
1189:The New York Times
1135:"Native Americans"
853:Connecticut portal
816:, a candidate for
643:Merger and removal
611:, and portions of
609:The Pelham Islands
583:On June 27, 1654,
456:
340:The Siwanoy spoke
303:
301:(Amsterdam, 1685).
293:, and westernmost
1554:, Vol. 112, Page
1464:Stamford Advocate
1443:. pp. 28–29.
764:Kensico, New York
437:Muscoot Reservoir
364:Like the greater
346:Delaware language
332:, "salt people".
239:Long Island Sound
191:
190:
16:(Redirected from
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1416:. Archived from
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1388:Federal Register
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739:and present-day
727:Notable Siwanoys
673:forcibly removed
637:Peter Stuyvesant
593:Hutchinson River
404:. They also had
275:English colonial
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1579:Delaware Nation
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1255:. Vol. 4.
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1020:. Vol. 3.
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697:Delaware Nation
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581:
561:Nanichiestawack
542:Anne Hutchinson
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521:
516:
472:
462:, and sites at
410:Ann Hook's Neck
408:settlements at
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348:, which was an
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137:United States (
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18:Siwanoy Indians
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1567:External links
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1151:on 2020-09-20.
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621:New Netherland
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508:baptismal name
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430:Laaphawachking
418:Davenport Neck
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635:and forced
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619:in Pelham.
589:Thomas Pell
535:Kieft's War
525:Kieft's War
396:Settlements
1640:Categories
1532:2020-09-10
1501:2020-09-10
1474:2020-09-28
1268:2020-06-06
1195:2020-09-09
1066:2020-06-08
1033:2020-07-14
905:References
779:circa 1640
713:New Jersey
597:Mamaroneck
546:Split Rock
229:) were an
1646:Wappinger
1625:2 October
1424:2 October
1394:2 October
881:Footnotes
786:) in 1640
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733:Wampage I
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585:sagamores
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354:Paugusset
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243:The Bronx
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146:Languages
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158:Religion
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488:sachems
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