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248:. After construction of Camp Dunlap was completed, it was commissioned on October 15, 1942. The camp had fully functioning buildings, water, roads, and sewage collections. The base was used for three years during the war. By 1949, military operations at Camp Dunlap had been greatly reduced, but a skeleton crew continued on until the base was dismantled. By 1956, all buildings had been dismantled, but the slabs remained.
938:, most tourist destinations were closed. This had economic ramifications for Slab City, as well as its availability of food and water, which relied in part on tourist donations. Residents are divided on whether to follow or defy government guidelines, complicated by a lack of health infrastructure and insurance. In May 2020, Imperial County had 55 confirmed cases of the coronavirus, out of 417 tests.
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1162:" stay only for the winter before migrating north in spring, to cooler climates. Despite the high temperatures, there are about 150 permanent residents of Slab City. Some of these "Slabbers" or "Year-Rounders" derive their living from government programs and have been driven to Slab City by poverty or job loss. Others have voluntarily moved, to learn how to live
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released in 2007. An obituary of Knight stated that he "spent almost 30 years building the colorful mountain ... Built out of adobe and donated paint, Knight worked on the mountain all day, every day. He even slept at the mountain's base in the back of a pick-up truck, with no electricity or running
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conveying the land to the State of
California was issued by the Department of Defense as it was determined the land was no longer required. The deed did not contain any restrictions, recapture clauses, or restoration provisions. All of the former Camp Dunlap buildings had been removed. The remaining
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In 2015, several residents formed the Slab City
Community Group in an effort to prevent a sale. The group explored obtaining 450 acres (180 ha) of Slab City in a trust, though this was contentious with other residents. A May 2020 article confirmed that the state was hoping to sell the land. "A
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The Range is an open-air nightclub complete with stage, lights, amplifiers, and speakers, with tattered couches and old chairs for seating. Every
Saturday night at around dusk, locals and visitors meet for a talent show that features permanent resident musicians and anyone else who wants to get on
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As of a
January 2020 report, Slab City is composed of "more than a dozen individual neighborhoods ... small camps of people with their own particular rules and culture." Amenities include The Range, a makeshift library, RV rental units, an internet cafe, and establishments which sell food; though
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in
October 2018 referred to the community as a "Squatters’ Paradise" which locals consider to be "one of America's last free places." The article said of the population: "There are clearly people there who don’t want to be found, so there’s something about disappearing, and the desert offers that
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pieces are described as decaying, or growing, but always in a state of transformation, unlike traditional galleries; due both to the intense climate, and the thousands of contributing artists who have added to the installation. In 2014, live-in staff were giving dozens of free tours, and hosted
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planned a training ground for field and anti-aircraft artillery units in an area accessible by aircraft taking off from carriers near San Diego. To create the training base, 631.345 acres (255.496 ha) were obtained. The government announced that the base was to be named after Marine Corps
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The current
Salvation Mountain is actually the second construction to occupy the site; Knight began the first Salvation Mountain in 1984, using highly unstable construction methods that allowed the mountain to collapse in 1989. Knight was not discouraged; he rebuilt the structure using better
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In early 2007, Charlie
Russell left his job in the technology industry, packed all his belongings into a shipping container, and sent it to a trash-strewn field, where he began to surround his two cars with sculptures. Russell, often called Container Charlie, renamed this settlement site
1107:, such as live events, performance art, music, photography, and most prominently sculptures. Works are continually added, and degrade quickly in the desert climate, despite the presence of caretakers. One such volunteer referred to it, and Slab City as a whole, as a ‘salvagepunk’ ethos.
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article by a journalist who stayed in the camp for a week estimated that winter residents (at the time) were mostly senior citizens over 60 years old. It is a "popular winter destination for transients." Slab City is used by recreational vehicle owners, travellers, and
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indicated that Slab City's income mainly comes from tourists and donations. In 1995, almost every resident of Slab City collected disability benefits, social security or unemployment. Another steady source of income at the time was selling salvaged goods to visitors.
1867:"Homeless Find Home in Sizzling Heat of California Desert : Imperial Valley: Society's dropouts settle at abandoned firing range. At 'Slab City,' old trailers, campers and buses sit on slabs of concrete that once served as foundations for barracks, buildings"
1166:, or otherwise be isolated. "Builder Bill" Ammon described "a kind of segregation" between the older residents, who would exchange goods and services, and young residents, who are sometimes "ill-equipped" for self-sufficiency, or turn to petty theft and drug use.
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verses. It was a project built over two decades by Slab City resident
Leonard Knight. The work is a 50 ft-tall piece of religious folk art, "an unofficial centrepiece for the community and the area’s anarchic creative identity," according to a 2020 report.
2548:"California Album : Snowbirds Find Roost in Land of the Free : There are no rent and no restrictions in this gravelly Imperial County spot, a place 'with real freedom,' says one resident. Trouble is, the days of liberty may be ending soon at the Slabs"
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agents searching for illegal immigrants; Slab City is about 50 miles (80 km) from Mexico. Fire service for Slab City is provided by the Niland Fire
Department. School buses come from nearby communities to pick up the few children there.
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was also a difficulty, as many residents work closely to trade and maintain services. The pandemic was complicated by the elderly population, no health infrastructure within Slab City (the nearest hospital is 40 minutes away, in
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Some reports claim that the land is owned by the State of
California, while others from 1993 report that the land was purchased by a building contractor. As of 2021, California had not yet decided to sell the land, but the
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reported in 2020 that population is seasonal, and balloons up to about 4,000 during the winter, by some estimates, and dwindles to about 150 in the summer. Since the 1950s, Slab City has drawn a variety of people, such as
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to generate electricity. Clean water is dispensed from a tank at the community church. The closest body of civilization with proper law enforcement is approximately four miles (six kilometers) southwest of Slab City, in
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stage and perform. The venue is run by old-time resident William Ammon, known as "Builder Bill." Ammon's wife, Robin Ammon, collected old prom dresses for people to wear; these are used when the community puts on a
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reported that the usual cause for police response to Slab City is over camping boundary disputes, sometimes burglary, but that methamphetamine use is a recurrent problem. In December 2019, during the two-day
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sale could potentially go to energy companies ... Many residents worry that a deal could leave them without a community or place to live, as the lawless Slab City has become the last resort for so many."
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The area that is now Slab City was the artillery training range for the Camp. It was first settled by a few veterans who had worked at the Marine base, followed later by drifters – then
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Before his death on February 10, 2014, Knight had been living in a nursing home. He was able to visit Salvation Mountain for the last time in May 2013; the visit was recorded by
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most shopping is done at the town of Niland. One resident is reported to have run a weekly self-help group for women in the community. Residents talked about using
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The Second Guardshack, originally installed as a security measure by the United States Marine Corps, now painted with a sign welcoming visitors to Slab City.
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fugitive-seeking effort named Operation Valley Grinch, four fugitives hiding in Slab City were apprehended. The locals also cut the fence to unlawfully use
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reports there were no more than 600–700 RVs around 1983, and one resident estimated there were about 2000 trailers when he was interviewed in March, 1988.
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Slab City is divided into a handful of neighborhoods with different characteristics. As of 2020, the community is largely divided into two:
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350:, which is fenced, but the fence gets cut open periodically, especially at Slab City, according to the Coachella Valley Water District.
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for a place in the middle of nowhere beyond the edge of serviceability. The off-grid facility operates with no municipal utilities.
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During the 2020 pandemic, most tourist destinations, including Salvation Mountain, The Range, and Slab City's Library, were closed.
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The settlement also has an internet cafe, a hostel, and a skatepark built inside what remains of the military base swimming pool.
1395:"Slab City and its neighborhoods: Poverty Flats, Niland Heights, Little Canada, Slab City Singles, and Drop Seven and Drop Eight"
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slabs were not proposed for removal. Later, legislation required that revenue generated from this property would go to the
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The area has a large amount of sunshine year round, due to its stable descending air and high pressure. According to the
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Moon Southern California Road Trips: Drives along the Beaches, Mountains, and Deserts with the Best Stops along the Way
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training camp was torn down. Slab City is known for attracting people who want to live outside mainstream society.
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This is especially true in areas like Slab City where the fence is being cut in order to gain access to the canal.
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is considering having the land appraised, and, if needed, allow for cleanup due to military waste from the 1950s.
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2259:"Here's What It's Like to Live in a Sustainable Art Installation That's Being Slowly Swallowed by the Desert"
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1210:. As of April 2020, Imperial County had not provided any specific assistance for vulnerable communities.
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1193:, residents were heavily impacted by the loss of tourist income, which also provided food and water.
904:'s Fred Dickey in 2012, the most common source of income among the permanent residents is "probably"
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Slab City is located on roughly 640 acres (260 hectares) of public land, near the east shore of the
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1841:"Slab City Is An Off-Grid Desert City, And Its Residents Claim It's The Last Free Place In America"
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2287:"Slab City Journal; For Thousands, a Town of Concrete Slabs Is a Winter Retreat (Published 2001)"
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1158:. Thousands of campers and RV owners, many retired, use the site during the winter months. The "
2320:"10 incredible photos of the desert commune that calls itself 'the last free place in America'"
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non-profit formed after his death in 2011, has since guided the curation and expansion of
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2067:"Salvation Mountain: The man, the mountain, the tourist attraction | Bartell's Backroads"
1202:), a lack of insurance, a lack of running water and sanitation, and anti-governmental or
1331:"Fear of the pandemic reaches California's Slab City, an off-the-grid desert community"
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1574:"Meet the Former Angelenos Living in a Rent-free, Ramshackle Desert "Town": Slab City"
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and are regularly patrolled by the Imperial County Sheriff's Office, as well as by
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In 2002, Salvation Mountain was named a Congressional National Folk-Art Treasure.
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is fairly common and accounts for much of the crime in Slab City. In 2015, the
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Slab City has a free lending library, an outdoor music venue called The Range.
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located in the Slab City area. There is no religious connotation in the name
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1782:"Slab City, Here We Come: Living Life Off the Grid in California's Badlands"
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when they spoke to the Chicago Tribune in 1990. In 2005, a resident told a
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and about 50 mi (80 km) from Mexico. To the east of Slab City is
1206:. Residents raised concerns over a past failure to contain an outbreak of
3055:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
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875:, artists, eccentrics, outcasts, retirees, and the impoverished. A 1990
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2144:
Middle of Nowhere: Religion, Art, and Pop Culture at Salvation Mountain
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1901:"Isolated but at risk: Slab City confronts the specter of coronavirus"
1125:, because many residents have never been able to actually attend one.
2376:"Talk of a Sale Fills a Hippie Haven With Bad Vibes (Published 2015)"
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2597:, University of California in San Diego Library Digital Collections
2589:
Slab City: A haven for the homeless gentrifies On the Streets Ep. 9
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19:"Slab City" redirects here. For an area surrounding a sawmill, see
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Slab City footage and interviews by Sherman George and Greg Durbin
2012:"Photographing Slab City, California's off-grid drifter community"
1544:"Photographing Slab City, California's off-grid drifter community"
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983:, the entrance to Slab City is easily recognized by the colorful
2462:"Exploring Modern Ruins in Southern California (Published 2014)"
2347:"On the Streets: Slab City: A haven for the homeless gentrifies"
1364:"Inside Slab City, a Squatters' Paradise in Southern California"
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2659:
Slab City: the Legendary Lawless Town in the California Desert
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Slab City's popularity surged after an article was printed in
2233:"Artists fill the void left by California's dying Salton Sea"
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materials and engineering, including adobe mixed with straw.
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2436:"Imperial Valley agencies conduct 'Operation Valley Grinch'"
1747:"Slab City, a trailer park utopia, thrives in remote desert"
1595:"Slab City, a trailer park utopia, thrives in remote desert"
1516:"Leonard Knight, Creator of Salvation Mountain, Dies At 82"
2168:
Leonard Knight Returns to Salvation Mountain, May 31, 2013
1294:"Off-the-Grid Desert Squatter Town Considers Going Legit"
1930:"Will Slab City Remain The Last Free Place In America?"
1986:"Leonard Knight of Salvation Mountain fame dies at 82"
1622:"1,200-foot fence planned after Coachella Canal death"
189:
alternative lifestyle community consisting largely of
2181:"Off the Grid Enlightenment and Spirit at East Jesus"
23:. For the unincorporated community in Wisconsin, see
2231:
Booker, Christopher; Rothman, Mori (March 3, 2019).
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2788:
2728:
2606:
Living Without Laws: Slab City, USA (Vice official)
2434:Conant, Ericka; Br; Mejia, on (December 23, 2019).
1186:documentary how he can just live however he wants.
1090:. He died in May 2011. The Chasterus Foundation, a
377:Climate data for Niland (130 feet below sea level)
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299:Leonard Knight, an early settler who created the
255:owners, searching for free camping spots outside
338:. It is 100 miles (160 kilometers) northeast of
235:Prior to the United States' official entry into
2410:"Operation Valley Grinch arrests 44 fugitives"
1813:"A man named Quokka finds a home in Slab City"
1452:"Welcome to East Jesus, CA | San Diego Reader"
231:The Slab City Christian Center in October 2007
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8:
3110:Intentional communities in the United States
961:Salvation Mountain – God is Love; 2015 photo
277:California State Teachers' Retirement System
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1485:"Slab City: An Escape For The Down And Out"
259:. Current residents refer to themselves as
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2601:1988 San Diego Reader article on Slab City
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2521:"State Board Cements Sale of 'Slab City'"
342:, 169 mi (272 km) southeast of
3125:Unincorporated communities in California
1427:"Historic California Posts: Camp Dunlap"
16:American alternative lifestyle community
1865:Covarrubias, Amanda (August 13, 1995).
1362:Nalewicki, Jennifer (October 1, 2018).
1284:
1263:Chocolate Mountain Aerial Gunnery Range
1112:visiting artists and overnight guests.
2092:"Congressional Record Senate Articles"
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1649:Climate Summary for Niland, California
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1717:Graves, William S. (March 18, 1990).
1686:"Living Without Laws: Slab City, USA"
1661:"Niland, CA Monthly Weather Forecast"
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886:from across North America, including
7:
2591:(Los Angeles Times official YouTube)
2345:Biagiotti, Lisa (February 2, 2016).
2285:Nieves, Evelyn (February 18, 2001).
1984:Brown, Richard (February 10, 2014).
1514:Carone, Angela (February 11, 2014).
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1483:Hillard, Gloria (January 24, 2012).
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2257:Bastow, Clem (September 25, 2014).
2037:"The atheist at Salvation Mountain"
1780:Motlagh, Jason (February 3, 2012).
1292:Barragan, Bianca (March 13, 2015).
1041:"East Jesus" sculpture garden entry
2969:Torres-Martinez Indian Reservation
2695:Municipalities and communities of
2494:Clark, Robin (February 20, 1994).
1393:Sorensen, Steve (March 10, 1988).
1055:Residential compound at East Jesus
303:art installation, was featured in
14:
3115:Shanty towns in the United States
2546:Perry, Tony (September 7, 1993).
1745:Perry, Tony (December 18, 2011).
1572:Rogers, Paul (January 25, 2018).
1174:as a bulletin board and adopting
1070:is an experimental and habitable
64:
2374:Eckholm, Erik (March 11, 2015).
2179:Vera, Marco (December 3, 2014).
2065:Bartell, John (August 4, 2020).
1811:Dickey, Fred (January 6, 2012).
1048:
1034:
1017:
63:
56:
2615:article, login may be required.
2205:Newell, Ruth (March 17, 2005).
2117:"History of Salvation Mountain"
2460:Lubell, Sam (March 19, 2014).
2010:Watling, Eve (July 27, 2020).
1329:Rapa, Patrick (June 8, 2020).
209:slabs that remained after the
1:
360:Köppen climate classification
2963:Fort Yuma Indian Reservation
2808:El Centro Naval Air Facility
1990:Imperial Valley Press Online
3105:Imperial County, California
2698:Imperial County, California
2207:"Welcome to East Jesus, CA"
2141:Patterson, Sara M. (2016).
636:Mean daily minimum °F (°C)
496:Mean daily maximum °F (°C)
203:Imperial County, California
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3095:Counterculture communities
981:California State Route 111
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263:while tourists are called
241:United States Marine Corps
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2121:www.salvationmountain.us
362:system, Slab City has a
205:. It took its name from
185:, is an unincorporated,
170:slab-city.com (archived)
1817:San Diego Union-Tribune
901:San Diego Union-Tribune
2782:
2644:Huell Howser Archives.
1954:Anderson, Ian (2020).
1719:"Life among the Slabs"
1456:www.sandiegoreader.com
1431:www.militarymuseum.org
1204:conspiratorial beliefs
1182:correspondent for the
1103:features a variety of
962:
326:kind of opportunity."
232:
125:33.25750°N 115.46250°W
93:(4 miles northeast of
3100:Housing in California
2992:Carrizo Creek Station
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2496:"Trouble in Paradise"
1960:. Avalon Publishing.
991:, and festooned with
979:Located just east of
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160:“The last free place”
3120:Squats in California
3073:United States portal
2527:. September 10, 1993
1368:Smithsonian Magazine
1236:as a swimming spot.
426:Record high °F (°C)
290:around 1984. A 1988
253:recreational vehicle
144:Chasterus Foundation
130:33.25750; -115.46250
25:Slab City, Wisconsin
2781:Imperial County map
2632:(January 8, 1997).
1601:. December 18, 2011
918:Many residents use
867:The Washington Post
706:Record low °F (°C)
566:Daily mean °F (°C)
246:Robert Henry Dunlap
121: /
3022:Pilot Knob Station
2783:
2642:Chapman University
2584:Salvation Mountain
2500:chicagotribune.com
2466:The New York Times
2380:The New York Times
2326:. October 12, 2017
2291:The New York Times
985:Salvation Mountain
975:Salvation Mountain
969:Salvation Mountain
963:
364:hot desert climate
301:Salvation Mountain
244:Brigadier General
233:
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3081:
3066:California portal
2638:California's Gold
2634:"Slab City (806)"
2552:Los Angeles Times
2525:Los Angeles Times
2414:The Desert Review
2351:Los Angeles Times
1934:KPBS Public Media
1905:www.desertsun.com
1871:Los Angeles Times
1751:Los Angeles Times
1599:Los Angeles Times
1520:KPBS Public Media
1195:Social distancing
1191:COVID-19 pandemic
1180:Los Angeles Times
936:COVID-19 pandemic
908:checks. In 2020,
898:According to the
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1550:. July 27, 2020
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3002:Indian Wells
2955:reservations
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2893:Coyote Wells
2888:Boulder Park
2883:Bonds Corner
2798:Bombay Beach
2717:
2654:The Guardian
2637:
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2612:
2577:
2555:. Retrieved
2551:
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2529:. Retrieved
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2503:. Retrieved
2499:
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2240:. Retrieved
2237:PBS NewsHour
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2019:. Retrieved
2015:
2005:
1993:. Retrieved
1989:
1956:
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1937:. Retrieved
1933:
1908:. Retrieved
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1297:
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1243:
1240:Future plans
1223:
1219:Crystal meth
1217:
1208:canine parvo
1188:
1183:
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1168:
1164:off the grid
1155:
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924:solar panels
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864:
861:Demographics
780:inches (mm)
367:
357:
333:
320:
317:
308:
298:
291:
287:
284:Trailer Life
283:
281:
269:
264:
260:
257:Palm Springs
250:
237:World War II
234:
214:Marine Corps
211:World War II
197:area of the
187:off-the-grid
182:
178:
177:
29:
3007:Jaeger City
2987:Camp Gaston
2979:Ghost towns
2913:Kane Spring
2860:communities
2848:Winterhaven
2833:Salton City
2768:Westmorland
2713:County seat
2650:Photo-essay
2557:October 15,
2531:October 15,
2505:October 15,
2479:October 29,
2445:October 14,
2419:October 14,
2393:October 13,
2356:October 15,
2330:October 14,
2304:October 14,
2101:October 14,
2076:October 13,
2041:theweek.com
1910:October 14,
1876:October 15,
1822:October 13,
1730:October 13,
1695:October 14,
1631:October 29,
1605:October 29,
1554:October 13,
1461:October 15,
1404:October 15,
1373:October 13,
1342:October 13,
1303:October 14,
1273:Burning Man
1189:During the
1096:East Jesus.
344:Los Angeles
321:Smithsonian
288:RV Magazine
217:Camp Dunlap
149:Established
141:Operated by
128: /
116:115°27′45″W
103:Coordinates
3089:Categories
2828:Palo Verde
2748:Calipatria
2578:East Jesus
2216:October 2,
2190:October 2,
2047:October 2,
2021:October 2,
1995:October 2,
1850:October 2,
1670:October 6,
1525:October 2,
1494:October 2,
1279:References
1152:East Jesus
1129:Government
1109:East Jesus
1101:East Jesus
1088:East Jesus
1078:– it is a
1076:East Jesus
1068:East Jesus
1063:East Jesus
1026:East Jesus
920:generators
873:anarchists
336:Salton Sea
113:33°15′27″N
91:California
3051:Footnotes
2943:Slab City
2898:Dixieland
2758:Holtville
2753:El Centro
2720:El Centro
2474:0362-4331
2388:0362-4331
2299:0362-4331
2270:April 20,
2071:abc10.com
1793:April 20,
1756:March 25,
1578:LA Weekly
1298:Curbed LA
1268:Drop City
1160:snowbirds
1156:Slab City
1146:Community
1116:The Range
1092:501(c)(3)
1008:KPBS (TV)
884:squatters
340:San Diego
330:Geography
305:Sean Penn
191:snowbirds
183:The Slabs
179:Slab City
71:Slab City
35:Slab City
21:Slab city
3027:Potholes
2938:Rockwood
2918:Meloland
2903:Felicity
2868:Alamorio
2823:Ocotillo
2763:Imperial
2743:Calexico
2624:article.
2622:Guardian
2620:2003 UK
2242:March 4,
1436:March 7,
1257:See also
1172:CB radio
850:Source:
845:(70.81)
776:Average
323:magazine
315:water".
261:Slabbies
207:concrete
83:Location
3037:Silsbee
3017:Paringa
2933:Picacho
2928:Obregon
2873:Andrade
2738:Brawley
1489:NPR.org
1200:Brawley
947:Tourism
894:Economy
810:(0.00)
805:(0.51)
631:(22.7)
621:(17.5)
591:(25.3)
581:(18.1)
354:Climate
265:Normies
223:History
193:in the
165:Website
3012:Ogilby
2997:Hedges
2953:Indian
2908:Glamis
2843:Seeley
2818:Niland
2730:Cities
2472:
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2297:
2264:Junkee
2151:
2126:May 1,
1964:
1939:May 7,
1845:Ranker
929:Niland
911:Ranker
888:Canada
835:(4.8)
830:(6.4)
825:(4.1)
820:(5.3)
815:(2.0)
800:(1.3)
795:(8.4)
771:(−12)
761:(−12)
382:Month
239:, the
157:Slogan
95:Niland
3042:Tumco
2813:Heber
2652:from
2648:2020
2611:2004
1690:Video
1214:Crime
993:Bible
989:adobe
840:(12)
790:(14)
785:(12)
766:(−6)
756:(−1)
751:(10)
746:(15)
741:(13)
736:(−3)
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716:(−4)
711:(−7)
701:(14)
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421:Year
201:, in
2878:Bard
2790:CDPs
2559:2020
2533:2020
2507:2020
2481:2020
2470:ISSN
2447:2020
2440:KYMA
2421:2020
2395:2020
2384:ISSN
2358:2020
2332:2020
2306:2020
2295:ISSN
2272:2015
2244:2019
2218:2020
2192:2020
2185:KCET
2149:ISBN
2128:2018
2103:2020
2078:2020
2049:2020
2023:2020
1997:2020
1962:ISBN
1941:2018
1912:2020
1878:2020
1852:2020
1824:2020
1795:2015
1787:Time
1758:2015
1732:2020
1697:2020
1672:2017
1633:2020
1607:2020
1556:2020
1527:2020
1496:2020
1463:2020
1438:2020
1406:2020
1375:2020
1344:2020
1305:2020
1154:and
1123:prom
838:0.48
833:0.19
828:0.25
823:0.16
818:0.21
813:0.08
808:0.00
803:0.02
798:0.05
793:0.33
788:0.55
783:0.48
731:(4)
726:(2)
696:(4)
691:(9)
651:(9)
646:(7)
641:(5)
629:72.9
619:63.5
589:77.5
579:64.5
418:Dec
415:Nov
412:Oct
409:Sep
406:Aug
403:Jul
400:Jun
397:May
394:Apr
391:Mar
388:Feb
385:Jan
286:and
152:1942
922:or
906:SSI
843:2.8
539:102
534:107
529:107
524:103
489:122
479:100
474:111
469:121
464:120
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439:104
368:BWh
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