Knowledge (XXG)

Slender-billed curlew

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plumage, but females are longer-billed than males, an adaptation in curlew species that eliminates direct competition for food between the sexes. The juvenile plumage is very similar to the adult, but the flank are marked with brown streaking, the heart-shaped spots only appearing toward the end of the first winter.
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This species shows more white than other curlews; however, the white underwing has been stressed too much as a relevant identification criteria along with the distinctive flank markings of adults (not helpful in juvenile and 1st year bird before post-juvenile moult). The most recent and most updated
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Compared to the Eurasian curlew, the slender-billed curlew is whiter on the breast, tail, and underwing, and the bill is shorter, more slender, and slightly straighter at the base. The arrowhead-shaped flank spots of the Eurasian curlew also are different from the round or heart-shaped spots of the
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in plumage. The breeding adult is mainly greyish brown above, with a whitish rump and lower back. The underparts are whitish, heavily streaked with dark brown. The flanks have round or heart-shaped spots. The non-breeding plumage is similar, but with fewer flank spots. Male and female are alike in
439:. However, for most specialists of the species, it is most probably extinct now (Corso et al., 2014; Kirwan et al., 2015). Indeed, all records, away from the famous ones from Morocco, from 1990 until today are not considered reliable and acceptable on stricter criteria. 340:
identification's paper, reports as clinching characters the uniformly dark underside of 4 to 6 outer primaries (the wing-tip or "hand"), the black (adults) or anyway daker (juvenile and 1st y bird) legs, and the white tail with fewer dark bars (Corso et al., 2014).
481:. There are no data about how these threats endanger the species today. Theoretically, they might have retreated to all but inaccessible areas, but then, a single hunter or fox might unwittingly wipe out enough of the few remaining birds to doom the species. 434:
After a long period of steady decline, the slender-billed curlew is extremely rare, with only a minute and still declining population. This is thought to be fewer than 50 adult birds, with the last verified sighting in 2004. As a result, it is now listed as
530:). Its nesting grounds since then remain unknown, despite several intensive searches (not surprising, with more than 100,000 square kilometres to search). The extent of its decline also is reflected in the absence of wintering birds at previously regular 624:, it is believed to be extant for the time being. Apparently at least the wintering range has starkly contracted; it appears that the handful of family or neighbour groups that are left retreat to remote habitat in southeastern Europe in winter. The 454:, particularly in the wintering grounds, may also have played a part, but huge areas of forest bogs suitable for breeding still exist in Siberia. It is unknown to what extent the birds still reproduce successfully, and how much 380:. There have been historical records of the bird elsewhere, as in an ornithological dictionary of Gibraltar, written in 1895, it indirectly states that the slender-billed curlew was recorded as a passage migrant in 2584: 418:, but will also pick other small items off the surface if the opportunity arises. It used to be highly gregarious outside the breeding season, associating with related species, particularly Eurasian curlews. 336:, recalls that of the whimbrel, but that species also has a central crown stripe and a more clearly marked pattern overall; the pattern of the slender-billed curlew would be hard to make out in the field. 372:
in a period between 1909 and 1925. In recent history, it mostly migrated to the Mediterranean as well as southern Arabia, with claims in the northern reaches of the Persian gulf, in
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Kirwan, Guy; Porter, Richard; Scott, Derek (2015). Chronicle of an extinction? A review of Slender-billed Curlew records in the Middle East. "British Birds" 108: 669–682.
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Corso, Andrea; Jansen, Justin; Kokay, Szabolcs (2014). "A review of the identification criteria and variability of the Slender-billed Curlew." British Bird 107: 339–370.
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During the last few years, small groups of birds have been found in the northern coastal areas , frequenting low-lying islands, bays, and sand-spits covered with
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Corso, Andrea; Jansen, Justin; Kokay, Szabolcs (2014). "A review of the identification criteria and variability of the Slender-billed Curlew."
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Gretton, Adam; Yurlov, Alexander K. & Boere, Gerard C. (2002). Where does the Slender-billed Curlew nest, and what future does it have?
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locations on a number of occasions since the Druridge bird, including claimed, but unverified, sightings of single birds from Italy and
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269160426_A_review_of_the_identification_criteria_and_variability_of_the_Slender-billed_Curlew
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269160426_A_review_of_the_identification_criteria_and_variability_of_the_Slender-billed_Curlew
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as both photographs and sound recordings shown (Kirwan et al., 2015). There was a potential record of an immature (one year old) at
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still exists in what may once have been a large and widely dispersed population undergoing little purging of deleterious
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Four birds were present from 25 July to 21 August 2003, six were seen on 11 August 2004, and another on 12 August 2004.
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in the nineteenth century, where they were hunted with some regularity. Later on they were additionally threatened by
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Goriup, Paul; Baboianu, Grigore & Chernichko, Joseph (2007). The Danube Delta: Europe's remarkable wetland
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Identification of Slender-billed Curlew and its occurrence in Morocco in winter 1987/88, Arnoud van den Berg,
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Little is known about the breeding biology, but on average the few nests observed had four eggs.
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Cleeves, Tim (2002). Slender-billed Curlew in Northumberland: new to Britain and Ireland.
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Thus, although hard proof is lacking, but given the extent of possible habitat and the
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Slender-billed Curlew at Druridge Pools accepted as first for Britain (with photo)
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Zhmud, M. 2005. "Slender-billed Curlew: promising discovery in the Danube delta."
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Slender-billed Curlew collected at Canis-vliet in September 1896, Gunter De Smet,
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Slender-billed Curlew in Tunisia in Feb 1984, Eddy Wijmengs & Klaas van Dijk,
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Svensson, Lars; Zetterström, Dan; Mullarney, Killian & Grant, P. J. (1999).
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in 2006 by a team including ornithologists from the environmental organization
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in 1995, but this most unbelievable record is now confirmed to be referred to
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The slender-billed curlew was only known to breed in a small region north of
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adults slender-billed. The head pattern, with a dark cap and whitish
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and more photos of the "Druridge Bay curlew". Retrieved 2007-APR-06.
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Further sourced reports of the species were published in 2007, in
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CIC – International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation:
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The Slender-billed Curlew in Northumberland, 1998 – 'plate 164'
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Shorebirds: an identification guide to the waders of the world
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Slender-billed Curlew on Sicily in March 1996, Andrea Corso,
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Slender-billed curlews have been reported in various Western
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Slender-billed Curlews in Morocco in Feb 1979, Peter Ewins,
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The primary cause of the decline is thought to be excessive
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Hayman, Peter; Marchant, John & Prater, Tony (1986).
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The last well-documented nest was found in 1924, near
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This species has occurred as a vagrant in western 2435: 2217: 2175: 2080: 2030: 2008: 2001: 1865: 1832: 1782: 1760: 1753: 1492: 1459: 1418: 1411: 1348: 1341: 1233: 1211: 1204: 264:despite a record from the Siberian swamps, and was 821:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22693185A131111201.en 1101:Slender-billed Curlew Memorandum of Understanding 1064:British Ornithologists' Union Records Committee: 771:The identification of the Slender-billed Curlew, 1107:CIC Species Conservation: Slender-billed Curlew 719:Slender-billed Curlew studies, Richard Porter, 609:A sighting of a single bird was reported from 1127: 8: 727:Habitat of Slender-billed Curlews in Morocco 2870:IUCN Red List critically endangered species 410:Slender-billed curlews feed by using their 2423: 2005: 1757: 1750: 1736: 1415: 1345: 1208: 1201: 1187: 1134: 1120: 1112: 594:; the article stated, quoting from Zhmud: 202: 39: 20: 819: 537:More recently, 20 birds were recorded in 882:"Slender billed curlew=10 November 2022" 788: 710:Identification of Slender-billed Curlew 400:Slender-billed curlew (centre) between 1041:Photographs of Slender-billed Curlew ( 315:The slender-billed curlew is a small 7: 2678:ba286b6f-96f0-4fca-8935-d53f2d403008 2900:Taxa named by Louis Pierre Vieillot 807:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1194:(Numeniinae–Limosinae–Arenariinae) 14: 1099:Convention on Migratory Species: 1094:British Birds Rarities Committee 674:. Harper & Collins, London. 81: 796:BirdLife International (2018). 1: 975:"Changes to the British List" 465:and consequently with a high 658:. Houghton Mifflin, Boston. 414:to probe soft mud for small 543:Numenius arquata orientalis 2916: 323:, but it is more like the 2405: 1749: 1735: 1684:Buff-breasted sandpiper ( 1200: 1186: 1154: 814:: e.T22693185A131111201. 583:Illustration from ca 1830 210: 201: 183: 176: 78:Scientific classification 76: 59: 37: 28: 23: 2050:Short-billed dowitcher ( 1743:(Tringinae–Scolopacinae) 1657:Spoon-billed sandpiper ( 1648:Semipalmated sandpiper ( 1567:White-rumped sandpiper ( 1549:Broad-billed sandpiper ( 1504:Sharp-tailed sandpiper ( 1316:Bristle-thighed curlew ( 1074:. Retrieved 2007-APR-06. 1068:. Retrieved 2007-APR-06. 1061:. Retrieved 2007-APR-06. 1057:BirdLife International: 1054:. Retrieved 2007-APR-06. 1050:BirdLife International: 1047:. Retrieved 2007-APR-06. 2895:Birds described in 1817 2059:Long-billed dowitcher ( 1913:Nordmann's greenshank ( 1325:Slender-billed curlew ( 1021:Wader Study Group Bull. 729:, Arnoud van den Berg, 622:precautionary principle 555:the Druridge Bay curlew 2345:South American snipe ( 1811:Red-necked phalarope ( 607: 584: 431: 404: 312: 231: Probably extinct 24:Slender-billed curlew 2890:Birds of North Africa 2885:Birds of Central Asia 2847:Numenius-tenuirostris 2590:numenius-tenuirostris 2505:numenius-tenuirostris 2492:Numenius_tenuirostris 2467:Numenius tenuirostris 2437:Numenius tenuirostris 2145:New Guinea woodcock ( 1877:Grey-tailed tattler ( 1480:Henderson sandpiper ( 1395:Black-tailed godwit ( 1083:Slender-billed Curlew 1043:Numenius tenuirostris 800:Numenius tenuirostris 630:Critically Endangered 596: 582: 437:critically endangered 429: 399: 307: 245:Numenius tenuirostris 240:slender-billed curlew 187:Numenius tenuirostris 46:Critically Endangered 2673:Fauna Europaea (new) 2187:Subantarctic snipe ( 1967:Solitary sandpiper ( 1931:Greater yellowlegs ( 1820:Wilson's phalarope ( 1603:Pectoral sandpiper ( 1289:Far Eastern curlew ( 1280:Hudsonian whimbrel ( 1253:Long-billed curlew ( 953:(6): 272–299 (2002) 843:"Appendices | CITES" 169:N. tenuirostris 2154:Eurasian woodcock ( 2136:Moluccan woodcock ( 2118:American woodcock ( 2109:Sulawesi woodcock ( 2100:Bukidnon woodcock ( 1940:Common greenshank ( 1922:Wandering tattler ( 1895:Lesser yellowlegs ( 1853:Spotted sandpiper ( 1594:Western sandpiper ( 1531:Baird's sandpiper ( 1471:Tuamotu sandpiper ( 1386:Bar-tailed godwit ( 1307:Eurasian whimbrel ( 1291:N. madagascariensis 1072:Photos from Morocco 783:Specific references 603:Salicornia europaea 514: /  450:wintering grounds. 31:Conservation status 2363:Pin-tailed snipe ( 2291:Madagascar snipe ( 1886:Spotted redshank ( 1844:Common sandpiper ( 1693:Temminck's stint ( 1666:Red-necked stint ( 1585:Purple sandpiper ( 1558:Curlew sandpiper ( 1377:Hudsonian godwit ( 1221:Upland sandpiper ( 1092:– response by the 672:Collins bird guide 649:General references 585: 432: 405: 402:Eurasian whimbrels 313: 225: Non-breeding 2857: 2856: 2803:Open Tree of Life 2429:Taxon identifiers 2420: 2419: 2401: 2400: 2397: 2396: 2393: 2392: 2309:Swinhoe's snipe ( 2282:Jameson's snipe ( 2230: 2093: 2068:Asian dowitcher ( 2043: 1997: 1996: 1985:Common redshank ( 1976:Marsh sandpiper ( 1949:Green sandpiper ( 1795: 1770:Terek sandpiper ( 1731: 1730: 1727: 1726: 1723: 1722: 1675:Long-toed stint ( 1621:Least sandpiper ( 1576:Stilt sandpiper ( 1447:Black turnstone ( 1438:Ruddy turnstone ( 1431: 1407: 1406: 1361: 1337: 1336: 1262:Eurasian curlew ( 1246: 1052:Species factsheet 712:, John Marchant, 683: 667: 628:classifies it as 321:Eurasian whimbrel 236: 235: 71: 54: 2907: 2850: 2849: 2837: 2836: 2824: 2823: 2811: 2810: 2798: 2797: 2785: 2784: 2772: 2771: 2759: 2758: 2756:NHMSYS0000530503 2746: 2745: 2733: 2732: 2720: 2719: 2707: 2706: 2694: 2693: 2681: 2680: 2668: 2667: 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1424: 1403: 1357: 1356: 1354: 1333: 1327:N. tenuirostris 1298:Little curlew ( 1271:Eskimo curlew ( 1242: 1241: 1239: 1229: 1196: 1193: 1182: 1178:Charadriiformes 1150: 1149:: Scolopacidae) 1140: 1088:Surfbirds.com: 1059:Additional data 1036: 1031: 1030: 1018: 1014: 993: 989: 979: 977: 972: 971: 967: 943: 939: 915: 911: 898: 897: 893: 880: 879: 875: 866: 865: 861: 851: 849: 841: 840: 836: 826: 824: 795: 794: 790: 785: 775:Vol 56 No8 1963 700: 651: 646: 522: 520: 516: 513: 508: 505: 503: 501: 500: 424: 394: 362: 346: 325:Eurasian curlew 310:Henrik Grönvold 302: 232: 228: 226: 222: 220: 216: 213:N. tenuirostris 197: 191: 185: 172: 135:Charadriiformes 80: 72: 55: 44: 40: 33: 17: 16:Species of bird 12: 11: 5: 2913: 2911: 2903: 2902: 2897: 2892: 2887: 2882: 2877: 2872: 2862: 2861: 2855: 2854: 2852: 2851: 2838: 2825: 2812: 2799: 2786: 2773: 2760: 2747: 2734: 2721: 2708: 2695: 2682: 2669: 2660:Fauna Europaea 2656: 2643: 2630: 2617: 2607: 2594: 2581: 2568: 2558: 2545: 2532: 2522: 2509: 2496: 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1699: 1690: 1681: 1672: 1663: 1654: 1645: 1636: 1632:C. ptilocnemis 1627: 1618: 1612:Little stint ( 1609: 1600: 1591: 1582: 1573: 1569:C. fuscicollis 1564: 1555: 1551:C. falcinellus 1546: 1537: 1528: 1519: 1510: 1500: 1498: 1490: 1489: 1487: 1486: 1477: 1467: 1465: 1457: 1456: 1454: 1453: 1444: 1434: 1432: 1413: 1409: 1408: 1405: 1404: 1402: 1401: 1392: 1383: 1374: 1364: 1362: 1343: 1339: 1338: 1335: 1334: 1332: 1331: 1322: 1318:N. tahitiensis 1313: 1304: 1295: 1286: 1277: 1268: 1259: 1249: 1247: 1231: 1230: 1228: 1227: 1217: 1215: 1206: 1198: 1197: 1191: 1184: 1183: 1181: 1180: 1174: 1168: 1162: 1155: 1152: 1151: 1141: 1139: 1138: 1131: 1124: 1116: 1110: 1109: 1103: 1097: 1086: 1075: 1069: 1062: 1055: 1048: 1035: 1034:External links 1032: 1029: 1028: 1012: 987: 965: 937: 909: 891: 873: 859: 834: 787: 786: 784: 781: 780: 779: 776: 769: 762: 755: 748: 741: 734: 724: 717: 699: 698:Identification 696: 695: 694: 684: 668: 650: 647: 645: 642: 551:Northumberland 547:Druridge Pools 471:Western Europe 423: 420: 393: 390: 361: 358: 348:The call is a 345: 342: 301: 298: 278:Canary Islands 234: 233: 227: 221: 219: Breeding 215: 208: 207: 199: 198: 192: 181: 180: 174: 173: 166: 164: 160: 159: 152: 148: 147: 142: 138: 137: 132: 128: 127: 122: 118: 117: 112: 108: 107: 102: 98: 97: 92: 88: 87: 74: 73: 60: 57: 56: 38: 35: 34: 29: 26: 25: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2912: 2901: 2898: 2896: 2893: 2891: 2888: 2886: 2883: 2881: 2878: 2876: 2873: 2871: 2868: 2867: 2865: 2848: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2830: 2826: 2822: 2817: 2813: 2809: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2661: 2657: 2653: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2608: 2604: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2559: 2555: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2537: 2533: 2529: 2523: 2519: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2488: 2484: 2477: 2473: 2468: 2462: 2458: 2453: 2447: 2443: 2442: 2440: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2425: 2412: 2408: 2407: 2404: 2386: 2384: 2381:Giant snipe ( 2379: 2377: 2375: 2370: 2368: 2366: 2361: 2359: 2357: 2352: 2350: 2348: 2347:G. paraguaiae 2343: 2341: 2339: 2336:Noble snipe ( 2334: 2332: 2330: 2325: 2323: 2321: 2320:G. nemoricola 2316: 2314: 2312: 2307: 2305: 2303: 2300:Great snipe ( 2298: 2296: 2294: 2289: 2287: 2285: 2280: 2278: 2276: 2275:G. imperialis 2271: 2269: 2267: 2266:G. hardwickii 2262: 2260: 2258: 2253: 2251: 2249: 2244: 2242: 2240: 2235: 2234: 2232: 2222: 2221: 2216: 2210: 2208: 2203: 2201: 2199: 2194: 2192: 2190: 2185: 2184: 2182: 2180: 2179: 2174: 2168: 2166: 2161: 2159: 2157: 2152: 2150: 2148: 2143: 2141: 2139: 2134: 2132: 2130: 2125: 2123: 2121: 2116: 2114: 2112: 2111:S. celebensis 2107: 2105: 2103: 2098: 2097: 2095: 2085: 2084: 2079: 2073: 2071: 2066: 2064: 2062: 2057: 2055: 2053: 2048: 2047: 2045: 2035: 2034: 2029: 2023: 2021: 2016: 2015: 2013: 2011: 2007: 2004: 2000: 1990: 1988: 1983: 1981: 1979: 1974: 1972: 1970: 1965: 1963: 1961: 1956: 1954: 1952: 1947: 1945: 1943: 1938: 1936: 1934: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1920: 1918: 1916: 1911: 1909: 1907: 1902: 1900: 1898: 1893: 1891: 1889: 1888:T. erythropus 1884: 1882: 1880: 1875: 1874: 1872: 1870: 1869: 1864: 1858: 1856: 1851: 1849: 1847: 1846:A. hypoleucos 1842: 1841: 1839: 1837: 1836: 1831: 1825: 1823: 1818: 1816: 1814: 1809: 1807: 1805: 1804:P. fulicarius 1800: 1799: 1797: 1787: 1786: 1781: 1775: 1773: 1768: 1767: 1765: 1763: 1759: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1741:Scolopacidae 1738: 1734: 1716: 1714: 1709: 1707: 1705: 1700: 1698: 1696: 1695:C. temminckii 1691: 1689: 1687: 1682: 1680: 1678: 1673: 1671: 1669: 1668:C. ruficollis 1664: 1662: 1660: 1655: 1653: 1651: 1646: 1644: 1642: 1637: 1635: 1633: 1628: 1626: 1624: 1619: 1617: 1615: 1610: 1608: 1606: 1601: 1599: 1597: 1592: 1590: 1588: 1583: 1581: 1579: 1578:C. himantopus 1574: 1572: 1570: 1565: 1563: 1561: 1560:C. ferruginea 1556: 1554: 1552: 1547: 1545: 1543: 1538: 1536: 1534: 1529: 1527: 1525: 1520: 1518: 1516: 1511: 1509: 1507: 1502: 1501: 1499: 1497: 1496: 1491: 1485: 1483: 1478: 1476: 1474: 1469: 1468: 1466: 1464: 1463: 1458: 1452: 1450: 1445: 1443: 1441: 1436: 1435: 1433: 1423: 1422: 1417: 1414: 1410: 1400: 1398: 1393: 1391: 1389: 1384: 1382: 1380: 1379:L. haemastica 1375: 1373: 1371: 1366: 1365: 1363: 1353: 1352: 1347: 1344: 1340: 1330: 1328: 1323: 1321: 1319: 1314: 1312: 1310: 1305: 1303: 1301: 1296: 1294: 1292: 1287: 1285: 1283: 1282:N. hudsonicus 1278: 1276: 1274: 1269: 1267: 1265: 1260: 1258: 1256: 1255:N. americanus 1251: 1250: 1248: 1238: 1237: 1232: 1226: 1224: 1223:B. longicauda 1219: 1218: 1216: 1214: 1210: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1192:Scolopacidae 1189: 1185: 1179: 1175: 1173: 1169: 1167: 1163: 1161: 1157: 1156: 1153: 1148: 1144: 1137: 1132: 1130: 1125: 1123: 1118: 1117: 1114: 1108: 1104: 1102: 1098: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1067: 1063: 1060: 1056: 1053: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1038: 1037: 1033: 1025: 1022: 1016: 1013: 1010: 1006: 1002: 999: 998: 997:British Birds 991: 988: 976: 969: 966: 963: 962:HTML abstract 960: 956: 952: 949: 948: 947:British Birds 941: 938: 935: 934:HTML abstract 932: 928: 925:(7): 334–344 924: 921: 920: 919:British Birds 913: 910: 905: 901: 895: 892: 887: 883: 877: 874: 869: 863: 860: 848: 844: 838: 835: 822: 817: 813: 809: 808: 803: 801: 792: 789: 782: 777: 774: 773:British Birds 770: 767: 766:Dutch Birding 763: 760: 759:Dutch Birding 756: 753: 752:Dutch Birding 749: 746: 745:Dutch Birding 742: 739: 738:Dutch Birding 735: 732: 731:British Birds 728: 725: 722: 721:British Birds 718: 715: 714:British Birds 711: 708: 707: 706: 705: 697: 693: 689: 685: 682: 681:0-00-219728-6 678: 673: 669: 666: 665:0-395-60237-8 662: 657: 653: 652: 648: 643: 641: 639: 638:subpopulation 635: 631: 627: 623: 618: 616: 612: 606: 604: 601: 595: 593: 591: 590:British Birds 581: 577: 575: 571: 570:RSPB Minsmere 567: 563: 558: 556: 552: 548: 544: 540: 535: 533: 527: 498: 494: 491: 487: 482: 480: 476: 472: 468: 464: 461: 457: 453: 449: 448:Mediterranean 445: 440: 438: 428: 421: 419: 417: 416:invertebrates 413: 408: 403: 398: 391: 389: 387: 383: 379: 375: 371: 367: 359: 357: 355: 351: 344:Vocalisations 343: 341: 337: 335: 329: 326: 322: 318: 311: 306: 299: 297: 295: 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 271: 270:Mediterranean 267: 263: 262:Kazakh Steppe 259: 255: 251: 247: 246: 241: 214: 209: 205: 200: 195: 190: 188: 182: 179: 178:Binomial name 175: 171: 170: 165: 162: 161: 158: 157: 153: 150: 149: 146: 143: 140: 139: 136: 133: 130: 129: 126: 123: 120: 119: 116: 113: 110: 109: 106: 103: 100: 99: 96: 93: 90: 89: 84: 79: 75: 69: 63: 58: 52: 47: 36: 32: 27: 22: 19: 2436: 2382: 2373: 2364: 2356:G. solitaria 2355: 2346: 2337: 2328: 2319: 2318:Wood snipe ( 2310: 2301: 2292: 2283: 2274: 2265: 2257:G. gallinago 2256: 2247: 2238: 2237:Puna snipe ( 2218: 2206: 2197: 2188: 2178:Coenocorypha 2176: 2164: 2156:S. rusticola 2155: 2146: 2137: 2128: 2119: 2110: 2101: 2081: 2069: 2060: 2051: 2040:(Dowitchers) 2031: 2019: 2018:Jack snipe ( 2010:Lymnocryptes 2009: 2002:Scolopacinae 1986: 1977: 1969:T. solitaria 1968: 1959: 1950: 1942:T. nebularia 1941: 1932: 1923: 1914: 1905: 1896: 1887: 1878: 1866: 1855:A. macularia 1854: 1845: 1833: 1821: 1812: 1803: 1792:(Phalaropes) 1783: 1771: 1761: 1712: 1703: 1702:Great knot ( 1694: 1685: 1677:C. subminuta 1676: 1667: 1658: 1649: 1640: 1631: 1623:C. minutilla 1622: 1613: 1605:C. melanotos 1604: 1595: 1586: 1577: 1568: 1559: 1550: 1541: 1532: 1523: 1514: 1513:Sanderling ( 1506:C. acuminata 1505: 1493: 1481: 1472: 1460: 1448: 1440:A. interpres 1439: 1428:(Turnstones) 1419: 1396: 1388:L. lapponica 1387: 1378: 1369: 1349: 1326: 1324: 1317: 1308: 1299: 1290: 1281: 1272: 1263: 1254: 1234: 1222: 1212: 1042: 1023: 1020: 1015: 1000: 995: 990: 978:. Retrieved 973:BOU (2013). 968: 950: 945: 940: 922: 917: 912: 903: 894: 885: 876: 868:"magornitho" 862: 850:. Retrieved 846: 837: 825:. Retrieved 811: 805: 799: 791: 772: 768:19: 230–232. 765: 758: 751: 747:11: 119–120. 744: 737: 730: 723:77: 581–586. 720: 716:77: 135–140. 713: 701: 688:British Bird 687: 671: 655: 633: 619: 608: 602: 597: 589: 586: 559: 542: 536: 483: 452:Habitat loss 441: 433: 409: 406: 363: 360:Distribution 353: 349: 347: 338: 330: 314: 258:Scolopacidae 244: 243: 239: 237: 212: 186: 184: 168: 167: 155: 145:Scolopacidae 18: 2699:iNaturalist 2461:Wikispecies 2411:Boyd (2019) 2383:G. undulata 2284:G. jamesoni 2248:G. delicata 2165:S. saturata 2090:(Woodcocks) 2033:Limnodromus 1951:T. ochropus 1915:T. guttifer 1906:T. glareola 1897:T. flavipes 1879:T. brevipes 1822:P. tricolor 1772:X. cinereus 1587:C. maritima 1412:Arenariinae 1309:N. phaeopus 1273:N. borealis 904:openlibrary 827:13 November 521: / 334:supercilium 300:Description 2864:Categories 2842:Xeno-canto 2365:G. stenura 2338:G. nobilis 2207:C. pusilla 2198:C. huegeli 2052:L. griseus 2020:L. minimus 1987:T. totanus 1813:P. lobatus 1785:Phalaropus 1713:C. virgata 1711:Surfbird ( 1659:C. pygmaea 1650:C. pusilla 1542:C. canutus 1540:Red knot ( 1533:C. bairdii 1462:Prosobonia 1300:N. minutus 1264:N. arquata 1205:Numeniinae 1143:Sandpipers 1003:: 194–213 980:5 December 852:14 January 754:10: 45–53. 644:References 634:C2a(ii); D 562:Palearctic 479:oil spills 64:Appendix I 2409:Based on 2311:G. megala 2239:G. andina 2220:Gallinago 1924:T. incana 1754:Tringinae 1641:C. pugnax 1614:C. minuta 1524:C. alpina 1397:L. limosa 1358:(Godwits) 1342:Limosinae 1243:(Curlews) 1213:Bartramia 1158:Kingdom: 1081:project: 1009:0007-0335 959:0007-0335 931:0007-0335 847:cites.org 740:7: 67–68. 615:EuroNatur 518:57°N 74°E 475:pollution 460:recessive 456:gene flow 392:Behaviour 266:migratory 211:Range of 163:Species: 101:Kingdom: 95:Eukaryota 2816:Species+ 2743:22693185 2717:10455542 2626:45509192 2541:22693185 2536:BirdLife 2525:BioLib: 2446:Wikidata 2302:G. media 2227:(Snipes) 2120:S. minor 2083:Scolopax 1958:Willet ( 1596:C. mauri 1522:Dunlin ( 1495:Calidris 1482:P. sauli 1421:Arenaria 1370:L. fedoa 1236:Numenius 1166:Chordata 1164:Phylum: 1160:Animalia 1039:ARKive: 886:birdlife 761:18: 302. 733:83: 1–7. 592:magazine 532:Moroccan 430:Specimen 350:cour-lee 194:Vieillot 156:Numenius 141:Family: 115:Chordata 111:Phylum: 105:Animalia 91:Domain: 51:IUCN 3.1 2808:3596846 2769:2448458 2691:2481789 2513:Avibase 2129:S. mira 1835:Actitis 1515:C. alba 1176:Order: 1170:Class: 1026:: 51–54 906:. 1895. 611:Albania 574:Suffolk 534:sites. 497:Siberia 477:, e.g. 463:alleles 446:on the 444:hunting 256:family 252:in the 248:) is a 151:Genus: 131:Order: 121:Class: 66: ( 49: ( 2834:366864 2795:366864 2730:176607 2647:EURING 2610:ECOS: 2603:slbcur 2564:slbcur 2554:113639 2500:ARKive 2480:slbicu 2452:Q76411 1868:Tringa 1639:Ruff ( 1351:Limosa 1147:family 1007:  957:  929:  679:  663:  566:Greece 523:57; 74 493:oblast 422:Status 382:Malaga 374:Kuwait 370:Russia 317:curlew 292:, and 290:Canada 282:Azores 280:, the 276:, the 274:Europe 229:  223:  217:  196:, 1817 2829:WoRMS 2712:IRMNG 2665:96840 2634:EUNIS 2598:eBird 2577:483T8 2561:BOW: 1762:Xenus 632:(CR) 539:Italy 412:bills 386:Spain 354:cu-ee 294:Japan 254:wader 68:CITES 62:CITES 2821:7401 2790:OBIS 2782:1550 2764:NCBI 2738:IUCN 2725:ITIS 2704:3899 2686:GBIF 2652:5400 2639:1160 2613:7621 2549:BOLD 2528:8655 1172:Aves 1079:RSPB 1077:The 1005:ISSN 982:2013 955:ISSN 927:ISSN 854:2022 829:2021 812:2018 677:ISBN 661:ISBN 626:IUCN 509:74°E 506:57°N 490:Omsk 486:Tara 378:Iraq 376:and 366:Omsk 286:Oman 250:bird 238:The 125:Aves 2751:NBN 2621:EoL 2585:CMS 2572:CoL 2487:ADW 2476:ABA 1024:106 1001:100 816:doi 549:in 488:in 467:MVP 2866:: 2844:: 2831:: 2818:: 2805:: 2792:: 2779:: 2766:: 2753:: 2740:: 2727:: 2714:: 2701:: 2688:: 2675:: 2662:: 2649:: 2636:: 2623:: 2600:: 2587:: 2574:: 2551:: 2538:: 2515:: 2502:: 2489:: 2478:: 2463:: 2448:: 951:95 923:95 902:. 884:. 845:. 810:. 804:. 640:. 617:. 572:, 495:, 388:. 384:, 368:, 356:. 288:, 284:, 2413:. 2385:) 2376:) 2367:) 2358:) 2349:) 2340:) 2331:) 2322:) 2313:) 2304:) 2295:) 2286:) 2277:) 2268:) 2259:) 2250:) 2241:) 2209:) 2200:) 2191:) 2167:) 2158:) 2149:) 2140:) 2131:) 2122:) 2113:) 2104:) 2072:) 2063:) 2054:) 2022:) 1989:) 1980:) 1971:) 1962:) 1953:) 1944:) 1935:) 1926:) 1917:) 1908:) 1899:) 1890:) 1881:) 1857:) 1848:) 1824:) 1815:) 1806:) 1774:) 1715:) 1706:) 1697:) 1688:) 1679:) 1670:) 1661:) 1652:) 1643:) 1634:) 1625:) 1616:) 1607:) 1598:) 1589:) 1580:) 1571:) 1562:) 1553:) 1544:) 1535:) 1526:) 1517:) 1508:) 1484:) 1475:) 1451:) 1442:) 1399:) 1390:) 1381:) 1372:) 1329:) 1320:) 1311:) 1302:) 1293:) 1284:) 1275:) 1266:) 1257:) 1225:) 1145:( 1135:e 1128:t 1121:v 1085:. 1045:) 984:. 888:. 856:. 831:. 818:: 802:" 798:" 499:( 242:( 70:) 53:)

Index

Conservation status
Critically Endangered
IUCN 3.1
CITES
CITES
Scientific classification
Edit this classification
Eukaryota
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Charadriiformes
Scolopacidae
Numenius
Binomial name
Vieillot

bird
wader
Scolopacidae
Kazakh Steppe
migratory
Mediterranean
Europe
Canary Islands
Azores
Oman
Canada
Japan

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