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Carinthian Slovenes

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754:(38%), according to the 2001 special census which inquired about the mother tongue and preferred language. The actual number of Carinthian Slovenes is disputed, as both the representatives of Slovene organizations and the representatives of Carinthian traditional organizations describe the census results as inaccurate. The former point to the, in part, strongly fluctuating census results in individual municipalities, which in their opinion correlate strongly with political tensions in national minority questions. Consequently, the results would underestimate the actual number of Carinthian Slovenes. The South Carinthian municipality of Gallizien is cited as an example: according to the 1951 census the proportion of Slovene speakers was 80%, whereas in 1961—in absence of any significant migratory movements and with approximately the same population—the proportion dropped to only 11%. 2231:) operated by the Roman Catholic Church in St Peter in Rosental (municipality of St Jakob). Following a decision by the Constitutional Court, school pupils in Klagenfurt are able to attend a public-funded bilingual primary school, in addition to the one operated by the Church. As a result of a private initiative, the Slovene music school (Kärntner Musikschule/Glasbena šola na Koroškem) was founded in 1984 and has received public funds since 1998 when a co-operation agreement was concluded with the State of Carinthia. However, the amount of this financial support (in relation to the number of pupils) contravenes the law on equality of treatment in the view of the Austrian National Minorities Center, as the other operator in the Carinthian music school system, the Musikschulwerk, receives, on a per capita basis, a higher amount. The 893:
groups, the municipality showed a result of 91.5% in the 1951 census. Ultimately, in 1971 in the run-up to the Carinthian place-name signs dispute, the number of the Slovenes was reduced again to 24%. The representatives of Carinthian Slovenes regard the census results as the absolute lower limit. They refer to an investigation carried out in 1991 in bilingual parishes, in the process of which there was a question about the colloquial language used by members of the parish. The results of this investigation (50,000 members of national minority groups) differed significantly from those of the census that took place in the same year (about 14,000). Carinthian traditional organizations, on the other hand, estimate the actual number of self-declared Slovenes as being 2,000 to 5,000 persons.
2168: 319: 2203:), Ferdinand Wedenig, issued a decree in September 1958 that made it possible for parents or guardians to deregister their children from bilingual teaching. In March 1959, the educational system was again altered to the effect that henceforth pupils had to register explicitly for bilingual education. As a result of what in effect was an associated compulsion to declare one's allegiance to an ethnic minority, the numbers of pupils in the bilingual system sank considerably. In 1958, only 20.88%, and in the 1970s, only 13.9% of bilingual pupils registered for German–Slovene teaching. The minorities' school law that was altered in the course of a three-party agreement SPÖ ( 676: 632: 2906: 435: 2291: 570: 459:. In the run-up to the plebiscite the state government gave an assurance that it would promote and support the retention of Slovene culture. These conciliatory promises, in addition to economic and other reasons, led to about 40% of the Slovenes living in the plebiscite zone voting to retain the unity of Carinthia. Voting patterns were, however, different by region; in many municipalities there were majorities who voted to become part of the 53: 1971:, can also be regarded as a subgroup of the Jaun Valley dialect. The Carinthian dialects are particularly unadulterated. In the present German-speaking areas, the Slavic basis of place and pasture names as far as into the upper part of the Möll Valley can be demonstrated. German and Slovene have in any case exercised a reciprocal influence in tone and vocabulary on each other in the course of the centuries. 3198: 2186:, in which Slovene was regarded as an auxiliary language to be used in teaching only until pupils had acquired an adequate command of German. Only few schools remained purely Slovene (in 1914: St Jakob in Rosental, St Michael ob Bleiburg and Zell Parish). The utraquist form of school remained in existence until 1941. This school system was rejected by the Slovene national minority as an "instrument of 2182:, which was traditionally friendly to the Slovenes. From 1869, there was a major alteration in the instructions regarding the use of the native language in teaching, resulting from the Imperial law on state schools, as from this time the authority maintaining the school could lay down the language of instruction. This led to a large proportion of compulsory schools being converted into so-called 3347: 537:. Many returned to Carinthia, including its capital Klagenfurt, as part of Yugoslav Partisans. Families whose members were fighting against Nazis as resistance fighters, were treated as 'homeland traitors' by the Austrian German-speaking neighbors, as described by Maja Haderlap, after the WWII when they were forced by the British to withdraw from Austria. 594:), but thereafter became less tense. However, continuing up to the present, individual statements by Slovene politicians are interpreted by parts of the German-speaking population as Slovene territorial claims, and they therefore regard the territorial integrity of Carinthia as still not being guaranteed. This interpretation is rejected both by the 2242:
An increased interest by people in South Carinthia in bilingual education has been generally perceptible since the 1990s. In the 2007/08 school year, 41% of the pupils in primary schools in the area in which the minority school system applied were registered for bilingual teaching – the proportion of
404:
settlers moved into Carinthia, where they established themselves in the hitherto sparsely populated areas, such as wooded regions and high valleys. Only here and there did this lead to the direct displacement of Slavs (the development of the Slovene nation did not take place until later). A language
610:
Since the 1990s, a growing interest in Slovene on the part of the German-speaking Carinthians has been perceptible, but this could turn out to be too late in view of the increase in the proportion of elderly people. From 1997, Slovene and German traditionalist associations met in regular roundtable
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of Carinthia was divided into four constituencies. The area of settlement of Carinthian Slovenes was divided up and these parts were in turn combined with purely German-speaking parts of the province. In the new constituencies, the Slovene-speaking proportion of the population was reduced in such a
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for a short time occupied the districts where the greater majority still used Slovene. Armed clashes followed and this issue also split the Slovene population. In the plebiscite zone in which the Slovene-speaking proportion of the population constituted about 70%, 59% of those who voted came out to
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In 1848, the Ministry of Education decreed that compulsory school pupils should be taught in their respective native language. The efforts of German nationalist forces in Carinthia to change this regulation were unsuccessful until the end of the 1860s. Between 1855 and 1869, the Slovene compulsory
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As a further example, the results of the former municipality of Mieger (now in the municipality of Ebental) are cited, which in 1910 and 1923 had a Slovene-speaking population of 96% and 51% respectively, but in 1934 only 3%. After World War II and a relaxation of relations between both population
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On 3 October 1945, a new law on schools that envisaged a bilingual education for all children in the traditional area of settlement of the Carinthian Slovenes, regardless of the ethnic group to which they belonged, was passed. Bilingual education took place in the first three school years, after
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At the end of the 19th century, Carinthian Slovenes comprised approximately one quarter to one third of the total population of Carinthia, which then, however, included parts that in the meantime have been ceded. In the course of the 20th century, the numbers declined, especially because of the
2218:
An extension of what is being offered by schools is faced with the general development in the bilingual education system that has been described and that is viewed critically by Slovene organizations In 1957, the federal grammar school and federal secondary school for the Slovenes
2215:) that envisaged a far-reaching separation on the basis of classes of primary school pupils into those taught bilingually and those taught only in German. The issue of whether headteachers of bilingual schools must be able to produce a bilingual qualification remains controversial. 2198:
in 1955 and the solution of the hitherto open question of the course of the Austrian–Yugoslav border that was implicitly associated with this, there were protests against this model, culminating in 1958 in a school strike. As a result of this development, the state governor
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was part of a small, more innovative group that is nevertheless committed to the literary tradition. Lipuš himself has developed into an outstanding belletrist. Younger prose authors include Jože Blajs, Martin Kuchling, Kristijan Močilnik and the internationally known
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way that it was no longer possible for the representatives of national minorities to succeed in getting into the state assembly. The Austrian Center for Ethnic Groups and the representatives of Carinthian Slovenes saw in this way of proceeding a successful attempt of
1997:
circles) as an overall term for Slovene dialects spoken in Carinthia. However, because of the historical associations of the term, "a German word with pejorative overtones", it is rejected by a large part of the Carinthian Slovene population. According to
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pressure to assimilate, to an official figure of 2.3% of the total population. As the pressure from German came above all from the west and north, the present area of settlement lies in the south and east of the state, in the valleys known in German as
557:) only just failed to gain entry to the state assembly. With the argument that in elections the population should vote for the political parties rather than according to their ethnic allegiance, before the next elections in 1979 the originally single 2119:. There are a considerable number of lyric poets, Milka Hartman being outstanding. Anton Kuchling was part of this generation. Gustav Januš and Andrej Kokot, as well as those lyric poets not currently writing, namely Erik Prunč and 2110:. However, Slovene literature in Carinthia is made up not only of Januš and Lipuš, but also a number of other authors. Mirko Kumer, Kristo Srienc and Valentin Polanšek were part of the tradition, but in addition to Lipuš, 545:
As the Nazi rule had strongy reinforced the stigmatization of Slovene language and culture, anti-Slovene sentiments continued after WWII amongst large swaths of the German-speaking population in Carinthia.
2143:. Johann (Janez) Strutz in particular has rendered outstanding services to the literature of Carinthian Slovenes from the point of view of the sociology, theory and history of literature. His book 466:
Initially, the Slovene community in Carinthia enjoyed minority rights like bilingual schools and parishes, Slovene newspapers, associations and representatives in municipal councils and in the
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are approximately the most northerly points of current Slovene settlement. The municipalities with the highest proportion of Carinthian Slovenes are Zell (89%), Globasnitz (42%), and
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Bericht des Österreichischen Volksgruppenzentrums zur Durchführung des Europäischen Rahmenübereinkommens zum Schutz nationaler Minderheiten in der Republik Österreich Teil II
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was signed, in Article 7 of which the "rights of the Slovene and Croat minorities" in Austria were regulated. In 1975, the electoral grouping of the Slovene national group (
3335: 2135:(Youth) follows these lyric poets. Rezka Kanzian and Tim O. Wüster, whose works have not (as of 2006) appeared in books of their own, are part of the youngest generation. 490:
against Carinthian Slovenes. Promises made were broken, assimilation was forced by dividing the Carinthian Slovenes into "nationalist" Slovenes proper and "Germanophile"
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Bericht des Österreichischen Volksgruppenzentrums zur Durchführung des Europäischen Rahmenübereinkommens zum Schutz nationaler Minderheiten in der Republik Österreich
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Albert F. Reiterer: ‘'Kärntner Slowenen: Minderheit oder Elite? Neuere Tendenzen der ethnischen Arbeitsteilung.'’ Drava Verlag/Založba Drava, Klagenfurt 1996,
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from 1999 to 2008, in making again a political issue out of the dispute over bilingual place-name signs showed that the conflict is, as before, still present.
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Bratt Paulston and D. Peckham (eds.) ‘'Linguistic Minorities in Central and Eastern Europe'’, 1998, p. 32 ff., Clevedon (UK), Multilingual Matters,
3248: 2735: 2364:), to individuals who have rendered outstanding services to the cause of co-existence. The prize has been awarded to, among others, the industrialist 409:, at this time a bilingual city with social superior German usage and Slovene-speaking environs, was also a centre of Slovene culture and literature. 2970:
Werner Besch et al. (Hrsg.), Sprachgeschichte. Ein Handbuch zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und ihrer Erforschung. Band 4 (Berlin 2004) p. 3370.
2880: 2871: 2147:("Profiles of modern Slovene literature in Carinthia"), published in 1998 in a revised and extended edition, is a much respected standard work. 2847: 3328: 2356:
The Christian cultural association and the National Council have endowed an annual award, the Einspieler Prize (named after the founder of the
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and by the organizations representing the interests of Carinthian Slovenes. The territorial integrity of Carinthia and its remaining part of
460: 675: 346:). A South Slavic informal language with western Slavonic influence arose. At the end of the migration period, a Slavic proto-state called 3164: 3151: 3019: 451: 1993:) and in particular to the Slovene spoken in southern Austria until the 19th century. The term is still used in part (predominantly by 431:, there was an acceleration in the process of assimilation; at the same time the conflict between national groups became more intense. 2204: 631: 241: 3527: 3321: 3119: 3049: 2949: 2927: 2786: 2769: 2756: 2717: 2511: 2139:
in Carinthia since the Second World War has displayed a clear will to live; in the 2000s, it is an emancipated literature free from
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TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE IN AUSTRIA: FROM OSTMARK TO THE SECOND REPUBLIC AND THE ROLE OF THE "FIRST VICTIM THEORY" LEGEND 1943-1955
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Carinthian Slovenes traditionally speak four dialects, all of them belonging to the Carinthian dialect group. These are the
2025:. This perspective is also being revived by certain backward-looking groups in Slovenia and elsewhere through the rejected 354:, arose; it extended far beyond the present area of the present state and its political center is said to have lain in the 2264: 1994: 1945: 479: 171: 3517: 2889: 1426: 3532: 3172: 2383: 2208: 447: 153: 52: 3243: 2751:
Andreas Moritsch (Hrsg.): ‘'Kärntner Slovenen/Koroški Slovenci 1900-2000'’ Hermagoras/Mohorjeva, Klagenfurt 2003
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Slovenska planinska Družba (Alpenverein der Kärntner Slowenen) – Alpine Climbing Club of Carinthian Slovenes
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Bundesgymnasium and Bundesrealgymnasium für Slowenen/Zvezna gimnazija in Zvezna realna gimnazija za Slovence
1968: 1160: 971: 941: 456: 307: 2308:
Skupnost južnokoroških kmetov (Gemeinschaft der Südkärntner Bauern) – Community of South Carinthian Farmers
3431: 2931: 2686: 2212: 595: 370: 234: 590:" Carinthians. In the 1970s, the situation again escalated in a dispute over bilingual place-name signs ( 3441: 3421: 3391: 2195: 2106:
as "Article 7 personified" for this literary achievement. In addition to Lipuš, Handke later translated
1550: 1228: 1019: 550: 418: 2379: 2982: 3492: 3411: 3386: 3381: 3366: 2365: 2280: 1956: 1909: 554: 162: 2390: 434: 3496: 3451: 3396: 3302: 3286: 3221: 2561: 2290: 2287:), a joint political platform that runs at local elections. Other important organizations include: 2151:
has taken a much-needed literary theme: the Austria's only militarily organized resistance against
2111: 2052:. From the 6th and 7th centuries onwards, the—neutral—term was applied to the people living in the 1960: 1952: 1908:
extends beyond the present borders of Carinthia. Carinthian Slovene dialects are spoken throughout
751: 515: 215: 119: 90: 75: 2823: 2467: 2344: 2120: 2107: 586:(KHD) pressure group was established, by its own admission in order to advocate the interests of " 330:
The present-day Slovene-speaking area was initially settled towards the end of the early medieval
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is able to continue its operations, however, with the help of contributions from the Republic of
2152: 2136: 1895: 1728: 558: 424: 386: 378: 351: 283: 128: 110: 95: 70: 2549: 2446: 2124: 2116: 3416: 3406: 3401: 3276: 3271: 3266: 3115: 3045: 2782: 2765: 2752: 2713: 2666: 2531: 2440: 2424: 2361: 2074:, the first printed book in Slovene published in 1550, and still common during the Protestant 1921: 534: 390: 323: 227: 197: 105: 85: 3148: 3023: 2305:
Slovenska gospodarska zveza (Slowenischer Wirtschaftsverband) – Slovene Economic Organization
1211: 736: 694: 17: 3476: 3456: 3376: 3202: 2986: 2622: 2601:– writer, Nobel laureate in literature (born 1942; mother Slovene committed suicide in 1971) 2592: 2537: 2491: 2183: 2095: 2065: 2061: 2007: 1990: 1905: 1669: 1296: 1126: 497: 331: 310:
and under international law, and have seats in the National Ethnic Groups Advisory Council.
262: 192: 60: 533:'s grandfather and father – joined the only Anti-Nazi military resistance of Austria, i.e. 3155: 3094: 2872:
Slawisches Österreich – Geschichte und Gegenwart der Minderheiten, Die Slowenen in Kärnten
2707: 2628: 2616: 2586: 2543: 2507: 2501: 2430: 2418: 2372: 2200: 2179: 2041: 1964: 569: 483: 275: 148: 2681: 2485: 2479: 2128: 2701:
Amt der Kärntner Landesregierung – Volksgruppenbüro (Hrsg.), Die Kärntner Slowenen, 2003
2227:) has also been accommodated since 1991. Since 1989, there has been a secondary school ( 529:
Following the Nazi persecution, Slovene minority members – including the awarded writer
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from their farms and homes and many were also sent to Nazi concentration camps, such as
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noble families became gradually prevalent, while the rural population remained Slavic.
366: 303: 202: 143: 2848:
Interview with the former chairman of the Rat der Kärntner Slowenen, Bernhard Sadovnik
2500:(1809–1892) – priest, philologist, ethnographer and political activist, author of the 2317:
Koroška dijaška zveza (Slowenischer Studenten Verband) – Slovene Students' Association
2299:
Krščanska kulturna zveza (Christlicher Kulturverband) – Christian Cultural Association
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Flag of the Carinthian Slovenes adopted by the National Council of Carinthian Slovenes
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Slovenska prosvetna zveza (Slowenischer Kulturverband) – Slovene Cultural Association
2252: 2187: 2156: 2148: 2140: 2045: 1937: 1533: 1443: 530: 523: 394: 133: 2021:
is sometimes counted in addition to Slovene as a separate language category or as a
2651: 2638: 2604: 2598: 2564:(born 1936) – Austrian literary scholar, cultural historian, linguist and slavicist 2555: 2497: 2473: 2099: 1313: 573: 566:
in order to reduce the political influence of the Slovene-speaking minority group.
3133: 2726: 2127:, Maja Haderlap, Franc Merkac, Jani Oswald, Vincenc Gotthardt, Fabjan Hafner and 3044:
Dictionary of Languages, Andrew Dalby, first edition, Bloomsbury, London, 1999,
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Heinz Dieter Pohl, Die ethnisch-sprachlichen Voraussetzungen der Volksabstimmung
2610: 2412: 2369: 2075: 2070: 1999: 1762: 1618: 1460: 1378: 1262: 988: 443: 382: 339: 138: 2276: 2057: 1652: 1409: 1330: 1279: 1053: 731: 587: 406: 347: 335: 3371: 2567: 2272: 1635: 1601: 716: 510: 295: 2890:
Die Lyrik der Kärntner Slowenen im zwanzigsten Jahrhundert – von Janko Ferk
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Dokumentation des ORF Kärnten über die Kärntner Slowenen von 1945 bis heute
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Slovenski atletski klub (Slowenischer Athletikklub) – Slovene Athletic Club
1929: 2581:
Notable personalities of partial Slovene ethnicity/ancestry from Carinthia
2223:) was founded, in whose building the bilingual federal commercial school ( 405:
border formed which kept steady until the 19th century. The local capital
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Zveza slovenskih organizacij – Zentralverband slowenischer Organisationen
2236: 2155:– the Carinthian minority – Carinthian Slovenes as one of the non-Jewish 1567: 1194: 355: 299: 287: 44: 2797:(1978) 'Nicht nur der Artikel 7' Mladje-Literatura in Kritika, 29: 58–90 2225:
Zweisprachige Bundeshandelsakademie/Dvojezična zvezna trgovska akademija
1985:
was applied in the German-speaking area to all Slavic languages (confer
500:
with a large number of words borrowed from German – was Slovene at all.
3355: 2607:– Yugoslav diplomat, antifascist hero (1895–1948; both parents Slovene) 2341:
Mohorjeva družba-Hermagoras – Catholic bilingual publisher (Klagenfurt)
1913: 1245: 599: 467: 401: 374: 291: 2881:
Broschüre über die Geschichte und aktuelle Lage der Kärntner Slowenen
2243:
children without previous knowledge of Slovene amounted to over 50%.
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The Slovene minority in Carinthia has a well-developed network of
2166: 2034: 1986: 1933: 1917: 568: 492: 446:, the Carinthian provisional assembly proclaimed the accession to 442:
In the course of the dissolution of Austria-Hungary at the end of
433: 317: 2613:– Italo-Slovenian alpinist and writer (1858–1944; father Slovene) 2194:
which Slovene was a compulsory subject. After the signing of the
514:
and escalated in 1942, when Slovene families were systematically
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that formed itself predominantly around the literary periodical
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1920 voting results for Austria (red) and for Yugoslavia (green)
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bilingual place-name sign, one of the few in southern Carinthia
2899: 1924:. Additionally, a Carinthian Slovene dialect is spoken in the 3095:
Die ethnisch-sprachlichen Voraussetzungen der Volksabstimmung
3073:
Amt der Kärntner Landesregierung – Volksgruppenbüro (Hrsg.),
3008:. Zouk Mosbeh: Notre-Dame University Louaize. pp. 28–29. 2409:(1779–1845) – philologist, publicist, collector of folk songs 2375:, and professor of general and diachronic linguistics at the 504:
Nazi persecution and anti-Nazi resistance during World War II
2619:– Austrian foreign minister (born 1956; grandfather Slovene) 2421:(1878–1942) – theologian, ethnologist and political activist 2985:(in Slovene; Angel of Forgetting has become my narrative), 2595:– Slovenian flute player (born 1957; both parents Slovenes) 2261:
Narodni svet koroških Slovencev – Rat der Kärntner Slowenen
623:
Area of Slovene settlement and proportion of the population
2330:– Slovene-language weekly newspaper of the diocese of Gurk 2263:), representing Christian and conservative views, and the 611:
discussions to reach a consensus. However, the success of
3106: 3104: 2401:
Notable personalities of Slovene ethnicity from Carinthia
2589:– Slovenian historian (1915–1995; both parents Slovenes) 2255:
institutions. The main "umbrella organizations" are the
2641:– Slovenian historian (1905–1988; both parents Slovene) 2625:– Austrian chancellor (1897–1977; grandfather Slovene) 2978: 2976: 3295: 3259: 3209: 3112:
Linguistic Minorities in Central and Eastern Europe
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Profile der neuen slowenischen Literatur in Kärnten
2145:
Profile der neuen slowenischen Literatur in Kärnten
3066: 3064: 3062: 3060: 3058: 1796:Sankt Peter am Wallersberg/Št. Peter na Vašinjah 1087:Part of Sankt Jakob im Rosental/Šentjakob v Rožu 2279:policies. The main political association is the 746:(to about as far as Tröpolach). Köstenberg and 602:are said not to be placed in question at all. 385:, and, in consequence, was incorporated as the 361:In the mid 8th century, the Carantanian Prince 2527:High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina 2463:High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina 2123:, form the next generation. A group including 1508:Part of Feistritz im Rosental/Bistrica v Rožu 960:Part of St. Stefan im Gailtal/Štefan na Zilji 3329: 3180: 2439:(born 1961) – multiply awarded writer of the 2433:(1880–1964) – literary critic and ethnologist 2102:, which led to Handke being described by the 1008:Part of Velden am Wörther See/Vrba ob Jezeru 741: 721: 709: 699: 235: 8: 2178:school system lay in the hands of the Roman 726:), the Sattniz (Gure) mountains between the 2427:(1813–1888) – priest, author and politician 326:on which Carantanian princes were enthroned 3336: 3322: 3314: 3187: 3173: 3165: 2840:Zentralverband slowenischer Organisationen 2781:, by Hermagoras Verlag, Klagenfurt, 1998, 2540:(1886–1967) – botanist and conservationist 895: 496:, even by denying that their language – a 338:peoples, and thereafter eventually by the 242: 228: 31: 2950:Learn how and when to remove this message 2558:(1835–1893) – mathematician and physicist 1967:. The former, which is influenced by the 626: 486:and ethnic tensions led to an increasing 3110:C. Bratt Paulston and D. Peckham (eds.) 2913:This article includes a list of general 2570:(born 1965) – lawyer, political activist 2482:(born 1961) – theatre and opera director 508:The persecution increased with the 1938 342:, who became the predominant group (see 290:ethnicity, living within borders of the 2963: 2257:National Council of Carinthian Slovenes 184: 161: 118: 59: 43: 3085: 3083: 2635:(born 1955; great-grandfather Slovene) 1932:in Slovenia (close to the border with 2086:Literature after the Second World War 2060:by German immigrants descending from 942:St. Stefan im Gailtal/Štefan na Zilji 461:Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes 7: 2983:Angel pozabe je postal moja pripoved 2816:Volksgruppenbüros des Landes Kärnten 2338:– Slovene-language weekly news-sheet 2265:Association of Slovene Organisations 2098:appeared in a German translation by 2071:Catechismus in der windischen Sprach 2040:, a denotation for both the ancient 1519:Windisch Bleiberg/Slovenji Plajberk 522:, where the multiple-awarded writer 3136:Teil II (Accessed on 3 August 2006) 2989:'s Pogledi Magazin, 2011, Ljubljana 2494:(born 1937) – writer and translator 2415:(born 1988) – Nordic combined skier 1101:Part of Velden am Wörther See/Vrba 1073:Part of Velden am Wörther See/Vrba 452:State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs 450:, whereafter the newly established 369:, had to pledge allegiance to Duke 2919:it lacks sufficient corresponding 2736:Volksgruppenarchiv des ORF Kärnten 2347:– bilingual publisher (Klagenfurt) 2205:Social Democratic Party of Austria 1827:Part of Eisenkappel/Železna Kapla 478:Similar to other European states, 373:. The principality became part of 306:is guaranteed in principle by the 25: 3020:""Will Carinthia Remain German?"" 2552:(1883–1959) – Bishop of Ljubljana 1936:), whereas in the nearby town of 344:Slavic settlement of Eastern Alps 3345: 3196: 2904: 2546:(born 1960) – Austrian gallerist 674: 630: 51: 2525:(born 1947) – diplomat, former 2382:, scholar and professor at the 2002:standards, the assumption of a 3149:Bilingual education is booming 2449:(1683–1766) – Jesuit historian 2172:Federal Gymnasium for Slovenes 1858:Part of Völkermarkt/Velikovec 1813:Part of Völkermarkt/Velikovec 1799:Part of Völkermarkt/Velikovec 1780:Sankt Kanzian am Klopeiner See 1689:Part of Völkermarkt/Velikovec 1: 3158:(Accessed on 13 October 2007) 1098:Lind ob Velden/Lipa pri Vrbi 580:In 1957, the German national 480:German nationalism in Austria 350:, the precursor of the later 18:Slovene minority in Carinthia 2576:(born 1974) – racing cyclist 1427:Sankt Margareten im Rosental 885: 877: 869: 861: 853: 845: 837: 829: 821: 813: 805: 797: 789: 781: 773: 682: 638: 526:'s Grandmother was sent to. 3098:(Accessed on 3 August 2006) 2738:(Accessed on 3 August 2006) 2729:(Accessed on 3 August 2006) 2384:Central European University 2029:. Actually the German term 1494:Part of Klagenfurt/Celovec 1112:Maria Gail/Marija na Zilji 3549: 2476:(1784–1844) – ethnographer 2247:Civil society institutions 1893: 1477:Unterferlach/Medborovnica 423:With the emergence of the 416: 3485: 3362: 2832:Rat der Kärntner Slowenen 2470:(1828–1869) – philologist 2090:In early 1981, the novel 2006:language or an eponymous 1981:The historic description 1878:Percent of Slovenes 1880 1875:Percent of Slovenes 1951 1872:Percent of Slovenes 2001 1717:Part of Bleiburg/Pliberk 1703:Part of Bleiburg/Pliberk 1522:Part of Ferlach/Borovlje 1480:Part of Ferlach/Borovlje 908:Percent of Slovenes 1880 905:Percent of Slovenes 1951 902:Percent of Slovenes 2001 429:Austro-Hungarian Monarchy 3528:Ethnic groups in Austria 2461:(born 1949) – diplomat, 2377:University of Klagenfurt 2064:. It was perpetuated by 2012:Carinthian dialect group 930:Part of Hermagor/Šmohor 916:Part of Hermagor/Šmohor 765: 762: 734:, and the lower part of 2999:Salloum, Diana (2020). 2934:more precise citations. 2813:(in German and Slovene) 2662:Demographics of Austria 2534:(1913–1997) – architect 2389:Roman Catholic prelate 2209:Austrian People's Party 2017:For political reasons, 1969:Upper Carniolan dialect 1944:between Carinthian and 1553:/Bistrica pri Pliberku 1505:Weizelsdorf/Svetna vas 1398:Part of Ebental/Žrelec 1367:Part of Ebental/Žrelec 1161:Sankt Jakob im Rosental 1115:Part of Villach/Beljak 463:(mainly in the south). 457:First Austrian Republic 393:. As a result of this, 308:Constitution of Austria 27:Ethnic group in Austria 2824:Kärntner Einheitsliste 2687:Black panther (symbol) 2519:(born 1947) – essayist 2393:, Austrian politician 2295: 2285:Kärntner Einheitsliste 2213:Austrian Freedom Party 2174: 2078:, as noted by scholar 2014:) is not sustainable. 2010:(as distinct from the 742: 722: 710: 700: 577: 439: 334:by, among others, the 327: 302:. Their status of the 279: 266: 185:Languages and dialects 3075:Die Kärntner Slowenen 2672:Kärntner Heimatdienst 2293: 2281:Carinthian Unity List 2170: 1855:Waisenberg/Važenberk 1551:Feistritz ob Bleiburg 1229:Feistritz im Rosental 1178:Velden am Wörther See 1020:Feistritz an der Gail 617:governor of Carinthia 583:Kärntner Heimatdienst 572: 551:Austrian State Treaty 541:Austrian State Treaty 437: 427:movement in the late 419:Carinthian Plebiscite 413:Carinthian Plebiscite 321: 259:Carinthian Slovenians 3493:Languages of Austria 2395:Rudolf Kirchschläger 2033:is derived from the 1957:Rosen Valley dialect 1942:transitional dialect 1916:and along the upper 1912:and extend into the 1782:/Škocijan v Podjuni 1070:Köstenberg/Kostanje 606:Current developments 574:Ludmannsdorf/Bilčovs 549:On 15 May 1955, the 3518:Carinthian Slovenes 3497:Religion in Austria 3154:6 July 2011 at the 3092:Heinz Dieter Pohl, 3026:on 13 February 2007 2865:(.wmv – 15 minutes) 2854:Culture and history 2562:Katja Sturm-Schnabl 1961:Gail Valley dialect 1953:Jaun Valley dialect 1910:Slovenian Carinthia 1084:Ledenitzen/Ledince 1022:/Bistrica na Zilji 766:Number of Slovenes 759: 752:Eisenkappel-Vellach 365:, embattled by the 255:Carinthian Slovenes 216:History of Slovenia 120:Culture of Slovenia 3533:Slovenian diaspora 3114:, 1998, p. 32 f., 2523:Wolfgang Petritsch 2488:(born 1966) – poet 2455:(1902–1997) – poet 2368:, the governor of 2360:Publishing House, 2358:Hermagoras Society 2296: 2229:Höhere Lehranstalt 2175: 2163:Educational system 2153:National Socialism 2137:Slovene literature 1995:German nationalist 1896:Slovenian dialects 1429:/ Šmarjeta v Rožu 1163:/Št. Jakob v Rožu 1005:Augsdorf/Loga vas 927:Görtschach/Goriče 757: 596:Slovene government 578: 559:electoral district 440: 379:Carolingian Empire 352:Duchy of Carinthia 328: 3505: 3504: 3311: 3310: 2960: 2959: 2952: 2667:Burgenland Croats 2532:Hubert Petschnigg 2441:Angel of Oblivion 2425:Andrej Einspieler 2380:Heinz Dieter Pohl 2362:Andrej Einspieler 2184:utraquist schools 2104:Wiener Extrablatt 1914:Pohorje Mountains 1882: 1881: 1491:Viktring/Vetrinj 1231:/Bistrica v Rožu 957:Vorderberg/Blače 890: 889: 689: 688: 685: 641: 535:Slovene Partisans 391:Holy Roman Empire 280:Kärntner Slowenen 252: 251: 198:Prekmurje Slovene 172:Roman Catholicism 16:(Redirected from 3540: 3350: 3349: 3348: 3338: 3331: 3324: 3315: 3203:Slovene diaspora 3201: 3200: 3189: 3182: 3175: 3166: 3159: 3147: 3143: 3137: 3132: 3128: 3122: 3108: 3099: 3091: 3087: 3078: 3072: 3068: 3053: 3042: 3036: 3035: 3033: 3031: 3022:. 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Emperor 324:Prince's Stone 315: 312: 304:minority group 298:, neighboring 250: 249: 247: 246: 239: 232: 224: 221: 220: 219: 218: 210: 209: 208: 207: 206: 205: 200: 187: 186: 182: 181: 180: 179: 174: 166: 165: 159: 158: 157: 156: 151: 146: 141: 136: 131: 123: 122: 116: 115: 114: 113: 108: 103: 98: 93: 88: 83: 78: 73: 65: 64: 57: 56: 48: 47: 41: 40: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3545: 3534: 3531: 3529: 3526: 3524: 3521: 3519: 3516: 3515: 3513: 3498: 3494: 3491: 3488: 3487: 3484: 3478: 3475: 3473: 3470: 3468: 3465: 3463: 3460: 3458: 3455: 3453: 3450: 3448: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3425: 3423: 3420: 3418: 3415: 3413: 3410: 3408: 3405: 3403: 3400: 3398: 3395: 3393: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3370: 3368: 3365: 3364: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3352:Ethnic groups 3339: 3334: 3332: 3327: 3325: 3320: 3319: 3316: 3304: 3301: 3300: 3298: 3294: 3288: 3285: 3283: 3280: 3278: 3277:United States 3275: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3264: 3262: 3258: 3250: 3247: 3246: 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Lands 2655: 2653: 2650: 2649: 2645: 2640: 2637: 2634: 2630: 2627: 2624: 2621: 2618: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2603: 2600: 2597: 2594: 2591: 2588: 2585: 2584: 2580: 2575: 2574:Peter Wrolich 2572: 2569: 2566: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2539: 2536: 2533: 2530: 2528: 2524: 2521: 2518: 2515: 2513: 2509: 2506: 2503: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2492:Florjan Lipuš 2490: 2487: 2484: 2481: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2469: 2468:Anton Janežič 2466: 2464: 2460: 2457: 2454: 2451: 2448: 2445: 2442: 2438: 2437:Maja Haderlap 2435: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2423: 2420: 2417: 2414: 2411: 2408: 2407:Matija Ahacel 2405: 2404: 2400: 2398: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2387:Anton Pelinka 2385: 2381: 2378: 2374: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2351: 2346: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2336: 2332: 2329: 2326: 2325: 2321: 2316: 2313: 2310: 2307: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2297: 2292: 2288: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2271:), closer to 2270: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2253:civil society 2246: 2244: 2240: 2238: 2234: 2233:Glasbena šola 2230: 2226: 2222: 2216: 2214: 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lower 712: 707: 702: 697: 696: 681: 677: 673: 672: 645: 644: 637: 633: 629: 628: 622: 620: 618: 614: 605: 603: 601: 597: 593: 589: 585: 584: 575: 571: 567: 565: 560: 556: 552: 547: 540: 538: 536: 532: 531:Maja Haderlap 527: 525: 524:Maja Haderlap 521: 517: 513: 512: 503: 501: 499: 495: 494: 489: 485: 481: 473: 471: 469: 464: 462: 458: 453: 449: 445: 436: 432: 430: 426: 420: 412: 410: 408: 403: 398: 396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 364: 359: 357: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 325: 320: 313: 311: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 268: 264: 260: 256: 245: 240: 238: 233: 231: 226: 225: 223: 222: 217: 214: 213: 212: 211: 204: 201: 199: 196: 195: 194: 191: 190: 189: 188: 183: 178: 177:Protestantism 175: 173: 170: 169: 168: 167: 164: 160: 155: 152: 150: 147: 145: 142: 140: 137: 135: 132: 130: 127: 126: 125: 124: 121: 117: 112: 109: 107: 106:United States 104: 102: 99: 97: 94: 92: 89: 87: 84: 82: 79: 77: 74: 72: 69: 68: 67: 66: 62: 58: 54: 50: 49: 46: 42: 38: 34: 33: 30: 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Retrieved 3024:the original 3014: 3001: 2994: 2966: 2946: 2937: 2918: 2778: 2682:Duke's Chair 2652:Carantanians 2639:Fran Zwitter 2605:Ciril Kotnik 2599:Peter Handke 2556:Josef Stefan 2498:Matija Majar 2486:Cvetka Lipuš 2480:Martin Kušej 2474:Urban Jarnik 2447:Marko Hanžič 2397:and others. 2355: 2345:Drava Verlag 2334: 2327: 2284: 2268: 2260: 2250: 2241: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2217: 2211:), and FPÖ ( 2196:State Treaty 2192: 2176: 2159:'s victims. 2144: 2132: 2129:Cvetka Lipuš 2121:Karel Smolle 2108:Gustav Januš 2103: 2100:Peter Handke 2091: 2089: 2069: 2037: 2030: 2018: 2016: 2003: 1982: 1980: 1975: 1950: 1928:locality of 1899: 1765:/Žitara vas 1655:/Globasnica 1604:/Dobrla vas 1314:Ludmannsdorf 1056:/Straja vas 991:/Podklošter 891: 735: 715: 705: 693: 690: 662: 20–30% 656: 10–20% 609: 591: 581: 579: 548: 544: 528: 509: 507: 491: 482:grew in the 477: 465: 441: 422: 399: 360: 329: 286:minority of 258: 254: 253: 80: 29: 3432:Macedonians 3146:(in German) 3131:(in German) 3090:(in German) 3071:(in German) 2932:introducing 2887:(in German) 2878:(in German) 2869:(in German) 2860:(in German) 2845:(in German) 2837:(in German) 2829:(in German) 2821:(in German) 2795:Arno Tausch 2792:(in German) 2775:(in German) 2762:(in German) 2749:(in German) 2733:(in German) 2724:(in German) 2705:(in German) 2699:(in German) 2677:Jörg Haider 2631:– Mayor of 2611:Julius Kugy 2517:Vinko Ošlak 2413:Tomaz Druml 2370:South Tyrol 2076:Reformation 1948:is spoken. 1841:/Velikovec 1839:Völkermarkt 1763:Sittersdorf 1714:Moos/Blato 1619:Eisenkappel 1461:Techelsberg 1379:Poggersdorf 1348:Maria Wörth 1265:/Grabštajn 1263:Grafenstein 1037:Finkenstein 989:Arnoldstein 684:1971 census 650: 5–10% 640:2001 census 613:Jörg Haider 520:Ravensbrück 444:World War I 425:nationalist 383:Charlemagne 340:South Slavs 336:West Slavic 3512:Categories 3442:Portuguese 3422:Hungarians 3392:Bulgarians 3382:Armenians‎ 2940:April 2009 2915:references 2743:Literature 2125:Janko Ferk 2117:Janko Ferk 2058:Carantania 2000:linguistic 1963:, and the 1920:Valley in 1894:See also: 1653:Globasnitz 1638:/Galicija 1463:/Teholica 1410:Schiefling 1333:/Žihpolje 1331:Maria Rain 1280:Keutschach 1248:/Borovlje 1197:/Vernberk 1054:Hohenthurn 1039:/Bekštanj 732:Klagenfurt 730:River and 708:(Slovene: 698:(Slovene: 555:Unity List 470:assembly. 407:Klagenfurt 348:Carantania 284:indigenous 282:) are the 129:Literature 63:by country 3523:Carinthia 3412:Filipinos 3387:Assyrians 3372:Austrians 3367:Albanians 3303:Australia 3287:Venezuela 3267:Argentina 2568:Rudi Vouk 2273:left-wing 2157:Holocaust 1672:/Grebinj 1636:Gallizien 1602:Eberndorf 1570:/Pliberk 1412:/Škofiče 1316:/Bilčovs 913:Egg/Brdo 717:Lavanttal 615:, former 588:patriotic 511:Anschluss 400:Finally, 296:Carinthia 294:state of 272:‹See Tfd› 111:Venezuela 76:Australia 71:Argentina 3489:See also 3467:Slovenes 3452:Russians 3397:Chechens 3260:Americas 3152:Archived 3052:, p. 567 2807:Politics 2646:See also 2352:Lobbying 2237:Slovenia 2207:), ÖVP ( 2019:Windisch 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Index

Slovene minority in Carinthia
a series
Slovenes
Flag of the Slovene nation
Diaspora
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Canada
Croatia
Hungary
Italy
United States
Venezuela
Culture of Slovenia
Literature
Music
Art
Cinema
Cuisine
Sport
Religion
Roman Catholicism
Protestantism
Slovene
Prekmurje Slovene
Resian
History of Slovenia
v
t

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