33:
362:
428:
724:
638:
842:
first circulated as an oral epic song for several decades before being written down, most likely in the early 13th century. He identifies the opening lines as corresponding to such an oral tradition: "Was it not fitting, brothers, to begin with the olden words of the heroic tales about the campaign
710:
dated from the 15th or 16th centuries, when the copy of the original manuscript (or of a copy) had been made. They noted this was a normal feature of copied documents, as copyists introduce elements of their own orthography and grammar, as is known from many other manuscripts. Zaliznyak points out
419:
compilation and rearrangement of several authentic sources. The thesis of the poem's being a complete forgery has been proposed in the past but is widely discredited; the poem's language has been demonstrated to be closer to authentic medieval East Slavic than practicable by a late 18th-century
795:
were part of common speech in the 12th century, although they were not represented in chronicles and other formal written documents. Zaliznyak concludes that no 18th-century scholar could have imitated the subtle grammatical and syntactical features in the known text. He did not believe that
1207:
224:. Christian motifs are presented along with depersonalised pagan gods among the artistic images. The main themes of the story are patriotism, the power and role of nature (at the time of the story, 12th century) and homeland. The main idea is the unity of people.
790:
analyzes arguments and concludes that the forgery theory is virtually impossible. It was not until the late 20th century, after hundreds of bark documents were unearthed in
Novgorod, that scholars learned that some of the puzzling passages and words of the
414:
According to the majority view, the poem is a composition of the late 12th century, perhaps composed orally and fixed in written form at some point during the 13th century. Some scholars consider the possibility that the poem in its current form is a
578:
was most likely written. Numerous persons have been proposed as its authors, including Prince Igor and his brothers. Other authors consider the epic to have emerged in
Southern Rus', with many elements corresponding to modern
808:'s 2006 book. He argued that even someone striving to imitate some older texts would have had almost impossible hurdles to overcome, as mere imitation could not have represented the deep mechanics of the language.
267:, where the first library and school in Russia had been established in the 12th century, but there is a controversy about its source. Monastery superior Joel (Bykovsky) sold the manuscript to a local landowner,
897:Ироическая пѣснь о походѣ на половцовъ удѣльнаго князя Новагорода-Сѣверскаго Игоря Святославича, писанная стариннымъ русскимъ языкомъ въ исходѣ XII столѣтія съ переложеніемъ на употребляемое нынѣ нарѣчіе
595:
was destroyed in the
Napoleonic invasion of 1812, questions about its authenticity were raised, mostly because of its language. Suspicion was also fueled by contemporary fabrications (for example, the
1221:
Dragomanov M. Little Russia in its literature (Малороссия в ее словесности: Малороссия /Южная Русь/ в истории ее литературы с XI по XVIII век Й. Г. Прыжова. Воронеж, 1869. // Вестник Европы. - 1870.)
739:
While some historians and philologists continue to question the text's authenticity for various reasons (for example, believing that it has an uncharacteristically modern nationalistic sentiment) (
715:. An anonymous forger would have had not only to imitate very complex 12th century orthography and grammar but also to introduce fake complex traces of the copying in the 15th or 16th centuries.
1478:
751:
470:
and is preserved in six medieval copies. There are almost identical passages in both texts where only the personal names are different. The traditional point of view considers
1336:
606:). Today, majority opinion accepts the authenticity of the text, based on the similarity of its language and imagery with those of other texts discovered after the
379:
706:, characterizing Suleimenov's etymological and paleography conjectures as amateurish. Linguists such as Zaliznyak pointed out that certain linguistic elements in
203:. The author appeals to the warring Rus' princes and pleads for unity in the face of the constant threat from the Turkic East. Igor's campaign is recorded in the
1559:
344:
translated the work into
English in 1960. Other notable editions include the standard Soviet edition, prepared with an extended commentary, by the academician
843:
of Igor..." The narrator begins by referring to oral epic tales that are already old and familiar. Mann has found numerous new parallels to the text of the
826:) was a term that became popular only in the 19th century. A presumed forger of the 1780s–1790s would not have used such a term while composing the text.
1554:
1529:
668:) were condemned. Government officials also repressed and condemned non-standard interpretations based on Turkic lexis, such as was proposed by
1373:
298:
The release of this historical work into scholarly circulation created a stir in
Russian literary circles, as the tale represented the earliest
1544:
1090:
118:
region. While some have disputed the authenticity of the poem, the current scholarly consensus is that the poem is authentic and dates to the
1579:
1162:
up to our contemporary Ígoŕ" (отъ стараго Владимера до нынѣшняго Игоря), indicating composition before
Svyatoslavich's death in 1202.
1549:
1136:
401:
1333:
1594:
1493:
383:
455:, an unquestionably authentic poem, which was created around the end of the 1300s or the beginning of the 1400s to glorify
853:
and other Old
Russian sources. He was the first researcher to point out unique textual parallels in a rare version of the
773:
Other scholars contend that it is a recompilation and manipulation of several authentic sources put together similarly to
271:, as a part of a collection of ten texts. Aleksei realised the value of the book and made a transcription for the empress
1574:
1085:
1539:
1534:
449:
One of the crucial points of the authenticity controversy is the relationship between The Tale of Igor's
Campaign and
263:, claimed to be dated to the 15th century, was discovered in 1795 in the library of the Transfiguration Monastery in
1515:
The House of Count
Aleksei Musin-Pushkin (1744-1818) in St. Petersburg. Here was stored the Tale of Igor's Campaign
952:
928:
161:
804:. In his revised second edition issued in 2007, Zaliznyak was able to use evidence from the posthumous edition of
372:
883:, including the motif sequence in which the pagan Div warns the Tmutorokan idol that Igor's army is approaching.
247:. The book however differs from contemporary Western epics on account of its numerous and vivid descriptions of
1589:
1584:
1080:
59:
280:
1377:
743:
inter alios), linguists are not so skeptical. The overall scholarly consensus accepts Slovo's authenticity.
1075:
548:
871:
Based on byliny and Old
Russian sources, Mann has attempted to reconstruct an early Russian song about the
864:), published by N.G. Golovin in 1835. It contains what Mann claims is the earliest known redaction of the
541:
Proponents of the forgery thesis give sometimes contradictory arguments: some authors (Mazon) see numerous
314:
declared that the document contained transitional language between a) earlier fragments of the language of
1569:
912:
618:
1483:
796:
Dobrovský could have accomplished this, as his views on Slavic grammar (as expressed in his magnum opus,
892:
614:
288:
268:
196:
41:
1508:
555:. Zimin is certain that the author could only be Ioil Bykovsky, while Keenan is equally sure that only
276:
872:
629:, a journalist and Orientalist, was one of the notable early proponents of the falsification theory.
416:
1343:" (The Problem of the Authenticity of 'A Word about the Leader Igorev' and 'Efrosin Belozerskij'),
1564:
421:
272:
879:
State. Mann believes that this early conversion cycle left its imprint on several passages of the
838:
is the work of a poet working in a written tradition. Mann points to evidence suggesting that the
1159:
946:
922:
661:
580:
467:
433:
237:
184:
157:
107:
767:
556:
758:
says in his article, "Was Iaroslav of Halych really shooting sultans in 1185?" and in his book
1132:
1039:), "The Lay of the Warfare Waged by Igor", Progress Publishers (Moscow, revised edition, 1981)
1036:
1000:
834:
Robert Mann (1989, 2005) argues that the leading studies have been mistaken in concluding the
669:
502:
differ from the rest of the text by several linguistic parameters, whereas this is not so for
188:
169:
130:
32:
941:. trans. Helen de Vere Beauclerk with illustrations by Michel Sevier. London: Beaumont. 1918.
695:
cannot be completely authentic since it appeared to have been rewritten in the 16th century.
1263:
1120:
1028:
990:
980:
787:
755:
699:
626:
603:
491:
442:
345:
341:
337:
era of this same region in the centuries immediately following the writing of the document.
299:
217:
205:
977:, Annuaire de l'Institut de philologie et ď histoire orientales et slaves, t. VIII. (1948)
1340:
1172:
805:
740:
665:
311:
303:
80:
1430:
1499:
Old East Slavic text and various Russian and Ukrainian translations and interpretations
1389:
677:
487:
456:
334:
243:
1523:
232:
134:
17:
818:
elements in the Russian Classicist literary tradition before the publication of the
1457:
1005:
The Lay of Igor's Campaign — of Igor the Son of Svyatoslav and the Grandson of Oleg
936:
676:
to be an authentic text). Mazon's and Zimin's views were opposed, for example, by
650:
642:
563:
460:
284:
213:
176:
1390:Ю. М. Лотман «СЛОВО О ПОЛКУ ИГОРЕВЕ» И ЛИТЕРАТУРНАЯ ТРАДИЦИЯ XVIII — НАЧАЛА XIX в.
1114:
649:
The problem of the national text became more politicized during the years of the
1503:
1110:
1070:
811:
451:
361:
139:
119:
115:
111:
1248:
1233:
774:
307:
165:
917:. ed. and trans. by Leonard A. Magnus. London: Oxford University Press. 1915.
1044:
The Discourse on Igor’s Campaign: A Translation of the Slovo o polku Igoreve
815:
552:
543:
322:
264:
76:
723:
1509:
Katherine Owen, "The Lay of Igor’s Campaign and the Works It Has Inspired"
1498:
1128:
779:
437:
316:
292:
711:
that this evidence constitutes another argument for the authenticity of
1124:
658:
571:
386: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
287:
of the time. The original manuscript was claimed to have burned in the
914:
The Tale of the Armament of Igor. A.D. 1185. A Russian Historical Epic
814:
supports the text's authenticity, based on the absence of a number of
427:
849:
598:
530:(the differences can be the result of the distortion of the original
330:
248:
221:
200:
192:
1504:
Leonard Magnus English translation of 1915, parallel English/Russian
1494:
1800 edition, plus 4 more contemporary Russian language translations
1334:Проблема подлинности 'Слова о полку Игореве' и 'Ефросин Белозерский'
1303:
Pospíšil, Ivo: Slovo o pluku Igorově v kontextu současných výzkumů,
1292:
Literary Monuments and Art in the Eleventh to Seventeenth Centuries
1051:
On the Campaign of Igor: A Translation of the Slovo o polku Igoreve
637:
137:
and became one of the great classics of Russian theatre. Entitled
1488:
856:
722:
636:
567:
463:
220:. Igor's wife Yaroslavna invokes natural forces from the walls of
173:
153:
31:
683:
In 1975, Olzhas Suleimenov challenged the mainstream view of the
251:
and the portrayal of the role which nature plays in human lives.
876:
732:
420:
forger. It was not until 1951 that scholars discovered ancient
326:
1435:. Oxford University Press, 1915. The first English translation.
1035:, (Old Russian into English by Irina Petrova), (illustrated by
621:. (Bardin was publicly exposed as the forger of four copies of
355:
478:
as its pattern. The forgery version claims the reverse: that
70:
1173:"Слово о полку Игореве ⋆ краткое содержание, о произведении"
1266:"'Слово о полку Игореве' в интерпретации О.Сулейменова" in
973:
Henri Grégoire, Roman Jakobson, Marc Szeftel, J. A. Joffe,
295:
occupation), together with Musin-Pushkin's entire library.
275:
in 1795 or 1796. He published it in 1800 with the help of
1514:
1361:Слово о полку Игореве: взгляд лингвиста (Языки Славянской)
868:, a redaction that scholars posited but could not locate.
172:. Other Rus' historical figures are mentioned, including
1449:. Jupiter, FL: The Birchbark Press of Karacharovo, 2005.
1417:. Jupiter, FL: The Birchbark Press of Karacharovo, 2005.
995:
The Song of Igor's Campaign: An Epic of the 12th Century
459:'s victory over Mongol-Tatar troops of the ruler in the
800:) were strikingly different from the system written in
151:
The story describes a failed raid made in year 1185 by
1208:
A word about the Igor's Army (СЛОВО О ПОЛКУ ІГОРЕВІМ)
617:, or the Russian manuscript forgers Anton Bardin and
1452:
Mann, Robert. The Silent Debate Over the Igor Tale.
1318:Josef Dobrovský and the Origins of the ‘Igor Tale’
1113:; Nesebio, Bohdan Y.; Yurkevich, Myroslav (2013).
1021:Serge Zenkovsky, "The Lay of Igor's Campaign", in
895:, Alexei Malinovsky and Nikolai Bantysh-Kamensky,
760:Josef Dobrovsky and the Origins of the Igor's Tale
83:language. The title is occasionally translated as
1440:Lances Sing: A Study of the Old Russian Igor Tale
1402:Lances Sing: A Study of the Old Russian Igor Tale
514:. Zaliznyak also points out that the passages in
1286:Baskakov, Nikolay A. "Слово о полку Игореве" in
653:. Any attempts to question the authenticity of
547:in the text; while others (Trost, Haendler) see
903:
1288:Памятники литературы и искусства XI-XVII веков
1158:The poem proposes to cover the tale "from the
1023:Medieval Russia's Epics, Chronicles, and Tales
106:The poem gives an account of a failed raid of
1447:The Igor Tales and Their Folkloric Background
1415:The Igor Tales and Their Folkloric Background
1058:The Igor Tales and Their Folkloric Background
8:
1468:. Moscow: Iazyki Slavianskoi Kul'tury, 2009.
1380:: «Рукописные памятники Древней Руси», 2008.
1196:Likhachev. "'Слово о полку Игореве'", p. 16.
534:text by the author and different editors of
522:but differ from it can be explained only if
1374:«Слово о полку Игореве»: взгляд лингвиста.
1007:(translation alongside original text), in
899:. Moscow, in senatorial typography. (1800)
212:The descriptions show coexistence between
905:Szozat Igor hadjaratarul a paloczok ellen
402:Learn how and when to remove this message
302:language writing, without any element of
847:in wedding songs, magical incantations,
766:is a fake, written by the Czech scholar
426:
424:with content in this medieval language.
27:12th century Old East Slavic heroic poem
1101:
786:In his 2004 book, the Russian linguist
1466:Pesn' o polku Igoreve: Novye otkrytiia
1091:Musin-Pushkin House (Saint Petersburg)
944:
920:
754:. For instance, the Harvard historian
591:After the only manuscript copy of the
494:'s analyses show that the passages of
36:Full PDF of the first publication of
7:
1560:Archaeological discoveries in Russia
1307:, Volume 42, No. 1, 2007, pp. 37–48.
506:. This fact is taken as evidence of
384:adding citations to reliable sources
333:) and, b) later fragments from the
101:The Lay of the Warfare Waged by Igor
1363:. Moscow: Kultura Publishing, 2004.
1251:. Татарская электронная библиотека.
1236:. Татарская электронная библиотека.
1212:Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine.
510:being the original with respect to
1511:, Analysis of artistic adaptations
1274:). Leningrad: Nauka, 1985, p. 257.
143:, it was first performed in 1890.
25:
1372:З(in Russian) Zaliznyak, Andrey.
1320:, Harvard University Press, 2003.
1009:The Penguin Book of Russian Verse
822:. He notes that "Russian Land" (
750:has a purpose similar to that of
645:'s illustration to the tale, 1941
1432:The Tale of the Armament of Igor
1131:: Scarecrow Press. p. 197.
1116:Historical Dictionary of Ukraine
1016:The Tale of the Campaign of Igor
360:
85:The Tale of the Campaign of Igor
1555:1795 archaeological discoveries
1347:, Issue: 22, 2005, pp. 238–297.
987:, Литературные памятники (1950)
698:Mainstream Slavists, including
538:versions), but not vice versa.
371:needs additional citations for
1049:J. A. V. Haney and Eric Dahl,
1042:J. A. V. Haney and Eric Dahl,
862:Skazanie o Mamaevom poboishche
702:, and Turkologists criticized
1:
1545:Works set in the 12th century
691:. He claimed to reveal that
474:to be a late imitation, with
306:. After linguistic analysis,
1479:The original edition of 1800
664:or by the Russian historian
657:(for example, by the French
574:as the two cities where the
518:which parallel those in the
340:The Russian-American author
71:
1580:Old East Slavic manuscripts
1530:The Tale of Igor's Campaign
1294:). Moscow, 1978, pp. 59–68.
1086:Solar eclipse of 1 May 1185
855:Tale of the Battle against
259:The only manuscript of the
231:has been compared to other
97:The Lay of the Host of Igor
89:The Song of Igor's Campaign
55:The Tale of Ihor's Campaign
49:The Tale of Igor's Campaign
38:The Tale of Igor's Campaign
1611:
1489:Vladimir Nabokov's edition
1442:. Slavica: Columbus, 1989.
1404:. Slavica: Columbus, 1989.
746:Some scholars believe the
602:, proved to be written by
162:Prince of Novgorod-Seversk
93:The Lay of Igor's Campaign
63:
887:Editions and translations
752:Kralovedvorsky Manuscript
613:Proposed as forgers were
255:Discovery and publication
244:The Song of the Nibelungs
1550:15th-century manuscripts
1484:Roman Jacobson's edition
1429:Magnus, Leonard Arthur.
1081:Old East Slavic language
559:could be the falsifier.
281:Nikolai Bantysh-Kamensky
1076:Prince Igor (1969 film)
1025:(Revised edition, 1974)
975:La Geste du prince Igor
486:as a source. Recently,
168:living along the lower
127:Tale of Igor's Campaign
951:: CS1 maint: others (
927:: CS1 maint: others (
904:
736:
646:
641:Soviet Russian artist
551:, yet others (Keenan)
446:
110:(d. 1202) against the
44:
1595:Forgery controversies
1345:Acta Slavica Iaponica
1033:Слова о полку Игореве
985:Слова о полку Игореве
966:Karl Heinrich Meyer,
893:Aleksei Musin-Pushkin
727:800th anniversary of
726:
640:
615:Aleksei Musin-Pushkin
498:with counterparts in
430:
269:Aleksei Musin-Pushkin
197:Vsevolod the Big Nest
122:(late 12th century).
72:Slovo o pŭlku Igorevě
64:Слово о пълкѹ Игоревѣ
42:Aleksei Musin-Pushkin
35:
18:Slovo o polku Igoreve
1264:Likhachev, Dmitri S.
1249:Царь Додон и Геродот
1109:Katchanovski, Ivan;
619:Alexander Sulakadzev
422:birch bark documents
417:national Romanticist
380:improve this article
291:of 1812 (during the
1575:Medieval literature
1359:Zaliznyak, Andrey.
735:commemorative stamp
526:was the source for
436:'s battle with the
352:Authenticity debate
325:, eastward through
273:Catherine the Great
1540:12th-century poems
1535:12th-century books
1456:30.1:53-94, 2016.
1400:See Mann, Robert;
1376:Изд. 3-е, дополн.
1339:2015-09-23 at the
1272:Russian Literature
1268:Русская литература
737:
647:
581:Ukrainian language
482:was written using
468:Battle of Kulikovo
447:
434:Igor Svyatoslavich
283:, leading Russian
238:The Song of Roland
185:Vseslav of Polotsk
158:Igor Svyatoslavich
108:Igor Svyatoslavich
75:) is an anonymous
45:
1037:Vladimir Favorsky
1001:Dimitri Obolensky
902:Mansvetus Riedl,
670:Olzhas Suleimenov
412:
411:
404:
289:great Moscow fire
277:Alexei Malinovsky
189:Yaroslav Osmomysl
131:Alexander Borodin
69:
40:(Moscow 1800) by
16:(Redirected from
1602:
1464:
1418:
1411:
1405:
1398:
1392:
1387:
1381:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1354:
1348:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1314:
1308:
1301:
1295:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1262:
1258:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1237:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1219:
1213:
1203:
1197:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1169:
1163:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1121:Lanham, Maryland
1106:
1029:Dmitry Likhachev
991:Vladimir Nabokov
981:Dmitry Likhachev
959:Eduard Sievers,
956:
950:
942:
938:The Tale of Igor
932:
926:
918:
907:
788:Andrey Zaliznyak
756:Edward L. Keenan
700:Dmitri Likhachev
672:(who considered
627:Josef Sienkowski
604:James Macpherson
492:Andrey Zaliznyak
443:Viktor Vasnetsov
407:
400:
396:
393:
387:
364:
356:
346:Dmitry Likhachev
342:Vladimir Nabokov
310:scholars in the
206:Kievan Chronicle
74:
68:romanized:
67:
65:
21:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1599:
1590:Ukrainian poems
1585:Old East Slavic
1520:
1519:
1475:
1462:
1458:Link to article
1426:
1424:Further reading
1421:
1412:
1408:
1399:
1395:
1388:
1384:
1371:
1367:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1341:Wayback Machine
1329:
1328:
1324:
1316:Keenan, E. L.:
1315:
1311:
1305:Slavica Slovaca
1302:
1298:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1204:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1182:
1180:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1157:
1153:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1111:Kohut, Zenon E.
1108:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1067:
943:
935:
919:
911:
889:
832:
768:Josef Dobrovský
741:Omeljan Pritsak
721:
666:Alexander Zimin
635:
589:
587:Early reactions
557:Josef Dobrovsky
408:
397:
391:
388:
377:
365:
354:
335:Halych-Volynian
321:(the region of
312:Austrian Empire
304:Church Slavonic
257:
218:Slavic religion
183:), the princes
149:
129:was adapted by
81:Old East Slavic
79:written in the
60:Old East Slavic
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1608:
1606:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1474:
1473:External links
1471:
1470:
1469:
1460:
1454:Oral Tradition
1450:
1445:Mann, Robert.
1443:
1438:Mann, Robert.
1436:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1413:Mann, Robert.
1406:
1393:
1382:
1365:
1349:
1322:
1309:
1296:
1276:
1253:
1238:
1234:Сон Святослава
1223:
1214:
1198:
1189:
1164:
1160:elder Vladímir
1151:
1137:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1026:
1019:
1014:Robert Howes,
1012:
998:
988:
978:
971:
964:
957:
933:
909:
900:
888:
885:
831:
828:
720:
717:
678:Roman Jakobson
634:
631:
588:
585:
488:Roman Jakobson
457:Dmitri Donskoi
410:
409:
368:
366:
359:
353:
350:
256:
253:
233:national epics
148:
145:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1607:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1570:Russian poems
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1467:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1416:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1386:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1369:
1366:
1362:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1335:
1326:
1323:
1319:
1313:
1310:
1306:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1280:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1242:
1239:
1235:
1227:
1224:
1218:
1215:
1211:
1209:
1202:
1199:
1193:
1190:
1178:
1174:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1155:
1152:
1140:
1138:9780810878471
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1112:
1105:
1102:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1056:Robert Mann,
1055:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1002:
999:
996:
992:
989:
986:
982:
979:
976:
972:
969:
965:
962:
958:
954:
948:
940:
939:
934:
930:
924:
916:
915:
910:
906:
901:
898:
894:
891:
890:
886:
884:
882:
878:
874:
869:
867:
863:
859:
858:
852:
851:
846:
841:
837:
829:
827:
825:
824:русская земля
821:
817:
813:
809:
807:
803:
799:
798:Institutiones
794:
789:
784:
782:
781:
776:
771:
769:
765:
762:(2003), that
761:
757:
753:
749:
744:
742:
734:
730:
725:
718:
716:
714:
709:
705:
701:
696:
694:
690:
686:
681:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
660:
656:
652:
644:
639:
633:Soviet period
632:
630:
628:
624:
620:
616:
611:
609:
605:
601:
600:
594:
586:
584:
582:
577:
573:
569:
565:
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
545:
539:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
462:
458:
454:
453:
444:
440:
439:
435:
432:The field of
429:
425:
423:
418:
406:
403:
395:
392:November 2010
385:
381:
375:
374:
369:This section
367:
363:
358:
357:
351:
349:
347:
343:
338:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
318:
313:
309:
305:
301:
296:
294:
290:
286:
285:paleographers
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
254:
252:
250:
246:
245:
240:
239:
234:
230:
225:
223:
219:
215:
210:
208:
207:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
156:
155:
146:
144:
142:
141:
136:
132:
128:
123:
121:
117:
113:
109:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
73:
61:
57:
56:
51:
50:
43:
39:
34:
30:
19:
1465:
1463:(in Russian)
1453:
1446:
1439:
1431:
1414:
1409:
1401:
1396:
1385:
1368:
1360:
1357:(in Russian)
1352:
1344:
1330:(in Russian)
1325:
1317:
1312:
1304:
1299:
1291:
1287:
1284:(in Russian)
1279:
1271:
1267:
1261:(in Russian)
1256:
1246:(in Russian)
1241:
1231:(in Russian)
1226:
1217:
1206:
1205:Kotlyar, M.
1201:
1192:
1181:. Retrieved
1179:(in Russian)
1176:
1167:
1154:
1142:. Retrieved
1115:
1104:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1032:
1022:
1015:
1008:
1004:
994:
984:
974:
968:Das Igorlied
967:
961:Das Igorlied
960:
937:
913:
896:
880:
870:
865:
861:
854:
848:
844:
839:
835:
833:
823:
819:
810:
801:
797:
792:
785:
778:
772:
763:
759:
747:
745:
738:
728:
719:Recent views
712:
707:
703:
697:
692:
688:
687:in his book
684:
682:
673:
654:
651:Soviet Union
648:
643:Ivan Bilibin
622:
612:
607:
596:
592:
590:
575:
564:dialectology
561:
542:
540:
536:Zadonshchina
535:
531:
528:Zadonshchina
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
483:
479:
475:
471:
461:Golden Horde
450:
448:
431:
413:
398:
389:
378:Please help
373:verification
370:
339:
315:
297:
260:
258:
242:
236:
235:, including
228:
226:
216:and ancient
214:Christianity
211:
204:
180:
152:
150:
138:
126:
124:
105:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
54:
53:
48:
47:
46:
37:
29:
1071:Prince Igor
812:Juri Lotman
802:Igor's Tale
764:Igor's Tale
674:Igor's Tale
662:André Mazon
520:Igor's Tale
516:Zadonschina
512:Zadonschina
504:Igor's Tale
496:Zadonschina
484:Zadonschina
480:Igor's Tale
472:Zadonschina
452:Zadonschina
329:, and into
209:(c. 1200).
166:Polovtsians
140:Prince Igor
120:Middle Ages
112:Polovtsians
1565:Epic poems
1524:Categories
1183:2022-08-11
1144:22 January
873:conversion
731:on a 1985
549:Germanisms
544:Gallicisms
441:(1880) by
293:Napoleonic
947:cite book
923:cite book
597:Songs of
553:Bohemisms
323:Chernigov
308:Ukrainian
265:Yaroslavl
164:, on the
116:Don River
77:epic poem
1337:Archived
1129:Plymouth
1065:See also
1053:. (1992)
1046:. (1989)
866:Skazanie
816:semiotic
780:Kalevala
729:The Tale
566:upholds
562:Current
438:Polovtsy
300:Slavonic
181:The Bard
1177:СПАДИЛО
1125:Toronto
875:of the
830:Orality
775:Lönnrot
704:Az i Ya
689:Az i Ya
659:Slavist
572:Polotsk
490:'s and
466:in the
319:propria
147:Content
114:of the
1135:
1060:(2005)
1018:(1973)
1011:(1962)
997:(1960)
970:(1933)
963:(1926)
908:(1858)
877:Kievan
850:byliny
599:Ossian
331:Halych
249:nature
222:Putyvl
201:Suzdal
195:, and
193:Halych
133:as an
99:, and
1097:Notes
857:Mamai
806:Zimin
713:Slovo
708:Slovo
655:Slovo
623:Slovo
568:Pskov
532:Slovo
524:Slovo
508:Slovo
500:Slovo
476:Slovo
464:Mamai
177:Boyan
174:skald
154:Kniaz
135:opera
1146:2023
1133:ISBN
953:link
929:link
881:Tale
845:Tale
840:Tale
836:Tale
820:Tale
793:tale
748:Tale
733:USSR
693:Tale
685:Tale
625:).
608:Tale
593:Tale
576:Tale
570:and
327:Kiev
317:Rus'
279:and
261:Tale
241:and
229:Tale
227:The
125:The
777:'s
382:by
199:of
191:of
170:Don
160:,
52:or
1526::
1378:М.
1175:.
1127:;
1123:;
1119:.
1031:,
1003:,
993:,
983:,
949:}}
945:{{
925:}}
921:{{
783:.
770:.
680:.
610:.
583:.
348:.
187:,
103:.
95:,
91:,
87:,
66:,
62::
1332:"
1290:(
1270:(
1210:.
1186:.
1148:.
955:)
931:)
860:(
445:.
405:)
399:(
394:)
390:(
376:.
179:(
58:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
