40:
202:
SmartStax seeds control a broad spectrum of pests which includes larvae of above-ground insects such as
European corn borer, black cutworm, southwestern corn borer, corn earworm, fall armyworm, western bean cutworm, and below-ground feeding larvae of western corn rootworm and northern corn rootworm.
220:
Smartstax corn has been advertised and promoted on television, at farm trade shows, and online as
Monsanto has geared up for widespread commercial release. Smartstax is sold under the Genuity Brand by Monsanto and the Mycogen brand by Dow, but both companies have the right to sell it under as many
211:
To prevent or delay insect resistance, growers plant a refuge on their farm. This is an area of non-GM plants where insect can live. These insect will not evolve resistance to GM technology. These refuge acres ensure that rare resistant insects that feed on insect-protected varieties of corn will
169:
Triple (Monsanto), Herculex Xtra (Dow), RoundUp Ready 2 (Monsanto), and
Liberty Link (Dow). The traits included protect against above-ground insects, below-ground insects, and provide broad herbicide tolerance. It is currently available for
369:
Que, Qiudeng; Chilton, Mary-Dell M.; de Fontes, Cheryl M.; He, Chengkun; Nuccio, Michael; Zhu, Tong; Wu, Yuexuan; Chen, Jeng S.; Shi, Liang (2010-07-01). "Trait stacking in transgenic crops: Challenges and opportunities".
345:
182:, and specialty crop variations are to be released. Previously, the most genes artificially added to a single plant was three, but Smartstax includes eight. Smartstax also incorporates Monsanto's
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SmartStax is bred from the products of four transgenic incorporation events MON89034, TC1507, MON88017, DAS59122-7, producing traits
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165:. It takes advantage of multiple modes of insect protection and herbicide tolerance. SmartStax takes advantage of
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have also begun showing signs of resistance. In response, Monsanto has continued to develop new products. The
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638:
438:
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485:
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820:
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320:"Monsanto, Dow Agreement Paves the Way for Industry's First-Ever, Eight-Gene Stacked Offering in Corn"
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which protects against insects at the earliest stages of development. Smartstax is sold under the
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245:, among others have been found growing with crops across the United States. Insects including
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62:
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998:
656:
535:
518:
Gassmann, AJ; Petzold-Maxwell, JL; Keweshan, RS; Dunbar, MW (2011). Meyer, Peter (ed.).
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454:"Corn Growers Reminded to Follow Refuge Requirements as Spring Planting Nears"
397:
1492:
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920:
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486:"GE Crops Benefit Farmers, But Management Needed to Maintain Effectiveness"
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653:"Adoption of Genetically Engineered Crops in the U.S.: Extent of Adoption"
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International
Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications
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mate with susceptible insects and slow the development of resistance.
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853:
288:
234:
175:
82:
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171:
72:
578:"Bigger Refuges Needed to Delay Pest Resistance to Biotech Corn"
254:
686:
520:"Field-evolved resistance to Bt maize by western corn rootworm"
229:
Recently, rapid emergence of weeds thought to be resistant to
261:. Monsanto has denied there is a problem with their product.
592:"First Documented Case Of Pest Resistance To Biotech Cotton"
655:. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from
221:
names with as many additional technologies as they wish.
106:
http://www.genuity.com/Traits/Corn/Genuity-SmartStax.aspx
767:
List of varieties of genetically modified maize/corn
625:"New Disease-Resistant Food Crops Under Development"
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676:. United States Environmental Protection Agency.
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362:
499:Neuman, William; Pollack, Andrew (4 May 2010).
1514:Genetically modified organisms in agriculture
698:
8:
607:"Insects Find Crack In Biotech Corn's Armor"
1340:Detection of genetically modified organisms
501:"Farmers Cope With Roundup-Resistant Weeds"
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730:
705:
691:
683:
157:seed made through a collaboration between
553:
543:
311:
29:
639:"Attack of the Monsanto Superinsects"
7:
267:Transgenic events, genes, and traits
27:Seeds protected against bugs, weeds
1370:Genetic use restriction technology
273:phosphinothricin acetyltransferase
25:
605:Charles, Dan (5 December 2011).
38:
1388:Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
350:"Biotech Traits Annual Updates"
184:Acceleron Seed Treatment System
134:VT Triple Pro and Herculex Xtra
1:
1150:Somatic cell nuclear transfer
545:10.1371/journal.pone.0022629
468:"Invasion of the Superweeds"
439:"Dow AgroSciences SmartStax"
1550:
452:Rob Korff (6 March 2009).
225:Weed and insect resistance
1473:
1208:Genetically modified food
488:. The National Academies.
37:
69:Currently Available in:
422:221, "Monsanto..."; p.
390:10.4161/gmcr.1.4.13439
216:Promotion and branding
44:Genuity Smartstax logo
821:Roundup ready soybean
94:Introduced to Market:
89:, and specialty crops
1529:Dow Chemical Company
1360:Reverse transfection
1135:Genetic transduction
233:have been observed.
163:Dow Chemical Company
155:genetically modified
117:Herbicide Tolerance:
1350:Genetics in fiction
1282:Genetic enhancement
1084:Hepatitis B vaccine
714:Genetic engineering
536:2011PLoSO...622629G
1460:Stem cell research
1079:Ice-minus bacteria
50:Development Status
1501:
1500:
1465:Synthetic biology
1355:Human enhancement
1345:Genetic pollution
1321:
1320:
1189:
1188:
1097:
1096:
1060:
1059:
954:
953:
659:on June 10, 2012.
426:222, "In 2009..."
148:
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131:Insect Protection
16:(Redirected from
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1238:Dow AgroSciences
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1108:
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649:
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635:
629:
628:
627:. Science Daily.
621:
615:
614:
613:. NPR Food Blog.
602:
596:
595:
594:. Science Daily.
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580:. Science Daily.
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322:. Archived from
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257:approves use of
159:Monsanto Company
63:Dow AgroSciences
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30:
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1287:Genetic testing
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1171:Recombinant DNA
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1130:Electroporation
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1089:Oncolytic virus
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999:Herman the Bull
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641:. Mother Jones.
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326:on May 25, 2009
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198:Insect Spectrum
190:(Monsanto) and
79:Coming Soon In:
45:
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12:
11:
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1534:Joint ventures
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1443:Similar fields
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1313:Gene targeting
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1243:DuPont Pioneer
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1201:In agriculture
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1145:Microinjection
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505:New York Times
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472:New York Times
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194:(Dow) brands.
153:is a brand of
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139:Seed Treatment
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1488:Biotechnology
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1365:Transhumanism
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1303:Gene knockout
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1213:Controversies
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1112:Inserting DNA
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1018:Other animals
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530:(7): e22629.
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474:. 6 May 2010.
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247:corn rootworm
244:
240:
239:giant ragweed
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121:Roundup Ready
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67:
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53:
48:
41:
36:
31:
19:
1277:Gene therapy
1176:Transgenesis
1155:Transfection
1120:Agrobacteria
1004:Knockout rat
925:
826:Vistive Gold
722:Genetically
671:"Memorandum"
665:
657:the original
647:
633:
619:
610:
600:
586:
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523:
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480:
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340:
330:September 6,
328:. Retrieved
324:the original
314:
270:
263:
228:
219:
210:
207:Refuge acres
201:
167:Yieldgard VT
150:
149:
125:Liberty Link
112:Technologies
1296:In research
1270:diagnostics
1140:Lipofection
901:Arabidopsis
803:Golden rice
384:: 220–229.
1508:Categories
1380:Regulation
1224:Companies
1181:Cisgenesis
1125:Biolistics
931:Sugar beet
844:Flavr Savr
744:Maize/corn
307:References
55:Developer:
1493:Bioethics
1397:Geography
1335:Transgene
1103:Processes
994:Enviropig
987:Oncomouse
926:SmartStax
862:Bt cotton
726:organisms
398:1938-1999
285:Cry1A.105
277:CP4 EPSPS
235:Horseweed
151:SmartStax
143:Acceleron
33:Smartstax
18:Smartstax
1524:Monsanto
1483:Genetics
1450:Eugenics
1328:articles
1253:Syngenta
1248:Monsanto
1220:Pharming
1066:Bacteria
762:StarLink
724:modified
564:21829470
524:PLOS ONE
414:19518863
406:21844677
373:GM Crops
348:(2016).
301:Cry35Ab1
297:Cry34Ab1
259:Bt crops
251:bollworm
102:Website:
59:Monsanto
1478:Biology
1455:Cloning
1434:Oceania
1326:Related
1071:viruses
1035:GloFish
1025:Insects
969:Mammals
960:Animals
946:Mustard
936:Tobacco
906:Brinjal
813:Soybean
785:Amflora
757:MON 863
752:MON 810
555:3146474
532:Bibcode
382:T&F
293:Cry3Bb1
281:Cry1Fa2
243:pigweed
231:Roundup
192:Mycogen
188:Genuity
180:soybean
87:Soybean
1409:Africa
1404:Europe
1266:humans
1040:Salmon
1009:Rabbit
916:Papaya
911:Canola
854:Cotton
836:Tomato
777:Potato
562:
552:
424:
420:
412:
404:
396:
299:, and
289:Cry2Ab
176:cotton
174:, but
123:2 and
83:Cotton
1519:Maize
1233:Bayer
1164:Types
1052:Frogs
1047:Birds
977:Mouse
941:Trees
896:Apple
889:Other
872:Wheat
735:Crops
674:(PDF)
410:S2CID
380:(4).
353:(PDF)
1414:Asia
1228:BASF
1194:Uses
1069:and
1030:Fish
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