Snowboarding - Knowledge (XXG)

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specifically the knee joint, are more likely to occur. When injured, snowboarders are twice as likely to get a fracture as skiers. Other minor injuries that happen are "wrist injuries, shoulder soft tissue injuries, ankle injuries, concussions, and clavicle fractures, were seen injuries are very common when snowboarding". In recreational and inexperienced "Most Injuries to snowboarders occurred more often while they were traveling at reckless speed on moderate slopes". Another way injuries happen is because they try sticking with someone that is a higher skill level, which they are not capable of handling because of the lack of skill they possess. Some major injuries that occur during snowboarding are head, and spinal Injuries, "The main cause of spinal fractures in snowboarders was Jump landing failure and Compression type fractures occur in about 80% of snowboarders with vertebral fractures because they frequently fall backwards, and this can cause axial loading and anterior compression fractures". Injuries to the upper body are much less common among professional snowboarders. "Most of the professionals and elite snowboarders frequently sustain injuries when trying to execute challenging tricks at high speeds and with increased levels of force to the lower limbs".

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place in this discipline. Alpine Snowboarding consists of a small portion of the general snowboard population, that has a well connected social community and its own specific board manufacturers, most situated in Europe. Alpine Snowboard equipment includes a ski-like hardshell boot and plate binding system with a true directional snowboard that is stiffer and narrower to manage linking turns with greater forces and speed. Shaped skis can thank these "freecarve" snowboards for the cutting-edge technology leading to their creation. A skilled alpine snowboarder can link numerous turns into a run placing their body very close to the ground each turn, similar to a motocross turn or waterski carve. Depending on factors including stiffness, turning radius and personality this can be done slowly or fast. Carvers make perfect half-circles out of each turn, changing edges when the snowboard is perpendicular to the fall line and starting every turn on the downhill edge. Carving on a snowboard is like riding a roller coaster, because the board will lock into a turn radius and provide what feels like multiple Gs of acceleration.

852:, either separate or built into gloves, is very strongly recommended. They are often compulsory in beginner's classes and their use reduces the likelihood of wrist injury by half. In addition it is important for snow boarders to learn how to fall without stopping the fall with their hand by trying to "push" the slope away, as landing a wrist which is bent at a 90-degree angle increase the chance of it breaking. Rather, landing with the arms stretched out (like a wing) and slapping the slope with the entire arm is an effective way to break a fall. This is the method used by practitioners of judo and other martial arts to break a fall when they are thrown against the floor by a training partner. 795:

very diverse international based crowd and fanbase of many millions, so much so that it is no longer possible to stereotype such a large community. Reasons for these dying stereotypes include how mainstream and popular the sport has become, with the shock factor of snowboarding's quick take off on the slopes wearing off. Skiers and snowboarders are becoming used to each other, showing more respect to each other on the mountain. "The typical stereotype of the sport is changing as the demographics change". While these two subcultures are now becoming accustomed to each other, there are still three resorts, in the United States, which do not allow snowboarding.

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other in several ways including how they spoke, acted, and their entire style of clothing. Snowboarders first embraced the punk and later the hip-hop look into their style. Words such as "dude", "gnarly", and "Shred the Gnar" are some examples of words used in the snowboarding culture. Snowboarding subculture became a crossover between the urban and suburban styles on snow, which made an easy transition from surfing and skateboarding culture over to snowboarding culture. In fact many skateboarders and surfers in the winter months snowboarded and were the early snowboarders.

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snowboarders would have to take a small skills assessment prior to being allowed to ride the chairlifts. It was thought that an unskilled snowboarder would wipe the snow off the mountain. In 1985, only seven percent of U.S. ski areas allowed snowboarding, with a similar proportion in Europe. As equipment and skills improved, gradually snowboarding became more accepted. In 1990, most major ski areas had separate slopes for snowboarders. Now, approximately 97% of all ski areas in North America and Europe allow snowboarding, and more than half have jumps, rails and half pipes.

582: 447:"Jibbing" is the term for technical riding on non-standard surfaces. The word "jib" is both a noun and a verb, depending on the usage of the word. As a noun: a jib includes metal rails, boxes, benches, concrete ledges, walls, vehicles, rocks and logs. As a verb: to jib is referring to the action of jumping, sliding, or riding on top of objects other than snow. It is directly influenced by grinding a skateboard. Jibbing is a freestyle snowboarding technique of riding. Typically jibbing occurs in a snowboard resort park but can also be done in urban environments. 709: 844:

than skiers. The injury rate for snowboarding is about four to six per thousand persons per day, which is around double the injury rate for alpine skiing. Injuries are more likely amongst beginners, especially those who do not take lessons with professional instructors. A quarter of all injuries occur to first-time riders and half of all injuries occur to those with less than a year of experience. Experienced riders are less likely to suffer injury, but the injuries that do occur tend to be more severe.

451: 873:" by medical staff. This injury results in persistent lateral pain in the affected ankle yet is difficult to spot in a plain X-ray image. It may be misdiagnosed as just a sprain, with possibly serious consequences as not treating the fracture can result in serious long-term damage to the ankle. The use of portable ultrasound for mountainside diagnostics has been reviewed and appears to be a plausible tool for diagnosing some of the common injuries associated with the sport. 3905: 3677: 4285: 620: 631: 545: 300:

the first competition for snowboarding and is the start of what became competitive snowboarding. Ken Kampenga, John Asmussen and Jim Trim placed first, second and third respectively in the Standard competition with best two combined times of 24.71, 25.02 and 25.41; and Jake Carpenter won prize money as the sole entrant in the "open" division with a time of 26.35. In 1980 the event moved to Pando Winter Sports Park near

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complex trick. Not all competitions call for a trick to win the gold; some intermittent competitions are based solely on height and distance of the launch of the snowboarder. Some competitions also require the rider to do a specific trick to win the major prize. One of the first snowboard competitions where Travis Rice attempted and landed a "double back flip backside 180" took place at the 2006 Red Bull Gap Session.

5878: 5868: 288:. The "snowboards" were made of wooden planks that were flexible and had water ski foot traps. Very few people picked up snowboarding because the price of the board was considered too high at $ 38 and were not allowed on many ski hills, but eventually Burton would become the biggest snowboarding company in the business. Burton's early designs for boards with bindings became the dominant features in snowboarding. 605:

usually comes from successfully executing the most difficult line in the terrain park while having a smooth flowing line of difficult, mistake-free tricks performed on the obstacles. However, overall impression and style can play a factor in winning a slopestyle contest and the rider who lands the hardest tricks will not always win over the rider who lands easier tricks on more difficult paths.

256:(a sport born in the 1950s when kids attached roller skate wheels to small boards that they steered by shifting their weight). In the 1960s, as an eighth grader in Haddonfield, New Jersey, Sims crafted a snowboard in his school shop class by gluing carpet to the top of a piece of wood and attaching aluminum sheeting to the bottom. He produced commercial snowboards in the mid-70s including the 503: 481: 29: 1179:

Snowboard magazine staff travel with professional riders throughout the winter season and cover travel, contests, lifestyle, rider and company profiles, and product reviews. Snowboard magazines have recently made a push to expand their brands to the online market, and there has also been a growth in online-only publications. Popular magazines include

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demographics, and experience. In conclusion of the study, the highest rate of injury was among young, inexperienced, female snowboarders. Injury rates in snowboarders have fluctuated over time but still remain higher than skiers. No evidence was found that those who spend more time in terrain parks are over represented in the injury population.

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Snowboard magazines are integral in promoting the sport, although less so with the advent of the internet age. Photo incentives are written into many professional riders' sponsorship contracts giving professionals not only a publicity but a financial incentive to have a photo published in a magazine.

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Snowboarding films have become a main part of progression in the sport. Each season, many films are released, usually in autumn. These are made by many snowboard-specific video production companies as well as manufacturing companies that use these films as a form of advertisement. Snowboarding videos

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Snowboarding boots should be well-fitted, with toes snug in the end of the boot when standing upright and slightly away from the end when in the snowboarding position. Padding or "armor" is recommended on other body parts such as hips, knees, spine, and shoulders. To further help avoid injury to body

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Two-thirds of injuries occur to the upper body and one-third to the lower body. This contrasts with alpine skiing, where two-thirds of injuries are to the lower body. The most common types of injuries are sprains, which account for around 40% of injuries. The most common point of injury is the wrists

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The United States of America Snowboarding and Freeski Association (USASA) features grassroots-level competitions designed to be a stepping stone for aspiring athletes looking to progress up the competition pipeline. The USASA consists of 36 regional series in which anyone can compete against athletes

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Big air competitions are contests where riders perform tricks after launching off a man-made jump built specifically for the event. Competitors perform tricks in the air, aiming to attain sizable height and distance, all while securing a clean landing. Many competitions also require the rider to do a

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Freestyle snowboarding is any riding that includes performing tricks. In freestyle, the rider utilizes natural and man-made features such as rails, jumps, boxes, and innumerable others to perform tricks. It is a popular all-inclusive concept that distinguishes the creative aspects of snowboarding, in

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Initially, ski areas adopted the sport at a much slower pace than the winter sports public. Indeed, for many years, there was animosity between skiers and snowboarders, which led to an ongoing skier vs snowboarder feud. Early snowboards were banned from the slopes by park officials. For several years

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professional athletes under pressure by sponsors and the media to perform increasingly spectacular feats. Although there are significant references to various brands in the film, Walker is "adamant" that the snowboarding industry did not sponsor the film in any way and in fact has been unsupportive,

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The early stereotypes of snowboarding included "lazy", "grungy", "punk", "stoners", "troublemakers", and numerous others, many of which are associated with skateboarding and surfing as well. However, these stereotypes may be considered out of style. Snowboarding has become a sport that encompasses a

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In snowboard racing, riders must complete a downhill course constructed of a series of turning color indicators (gates) placed in the snow at prescribed distances apart. A gate consists of a tall pole and a short pole, connected by a triangular panel. The racer must pass around the short side of the

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Snowboard cross, also known as "boardercross", "boarder X", or "snowboard X", and commonly abbreviated as "SBX", or just "BX", is a snowboarding discipline consisting of several (typically 4 to 6) riders racing head-to-head down a course with jumps, berms and other obstacles constructed out of snow.

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Sometimes called freecarving or hardbooting (due to the equipment used), this discipline usually takes place on hard packed snow or groomed runs (although it can be practiced in any and all conditions) and focuses on carving linked turns, much like surfing or longboarding. Little or no jumping takes

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Since snowboarding's inception as an established winter sport, it has developed various styles, each with its own specialized equipment and technique. The most common styles today are: freeride, freestyle, and freecarve/race. These styles are used for both recreational and professional snowboarding.

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Avalanches are a clear danger when on snowy mountain slopes. It is best to learn the different kinds of avalanches, how to prevent causing one and how to react when one is going to happen. Also when going out onto the snow, all who practice an activity with increased chances of injury should have a

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Four to eight percent of snowboarding injuries take place while the person is waiting in ski-lift lines or entering and exiting ski lifts. Snowboarders push themselves forward with a free foot while in the ski-lift line, leaving the other foot (usually that of the lead leg) locked on the board at a

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The risk of head injury is two to six times greater for snowboarders than for skiers and injuries follow the pattern of being rarer, but more severe, with experienced riders. Head injuries can occur both because of a collision and when failing to carry out a heel-side turn. The latter can result in

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In a study conducted to examine the types of snowboarding injuries and changes in injury patterns over time, data was collected on injured snowboarders and skiers in a base-lodge clinic of a ski resort in Vermont over 18 seasons (1988–2006) and included extensive information about injury patterns,

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Freeriding is a style without a set of governing rules or set course, typically on natural, un-groomed terrain. The basic allows for various snowboarding styles in a fluid motion and spontaneity through naturally rugged terrain. It can be like freestyle with the exception that no man-made features

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came from Vermont to compete with a snowboard of his own design. There were protests about Jake entering with a non-snurfer board. Paul Graves, and others, advocated that Jake be allowed to race. A "modified" "Open" division was created and won by Jake as the sole entrant. That race was considered

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The average snowboarder is a male in their early twenties, and there are three times as many men as there are women in the sport. Snowboarders have a 2.4 times greater risk of fractures than skiers, particularly in the upper extremities. Conversely, snowboarders have a lower risk of knee injuries

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Competitors perform tricks while descending a course, moving around, over, across, up, or down terrain features. The course is full of obstacles including boxes, rails, jumps, jibs, or anything else the board or rider can slide across. Slopestyle is a judged event and winning a slopestyle contest

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Unlike ski bindings, snowboard bindings are not designed to release automatically in a fall. The mechanical support provided by the feet being locked to the board has the effect of reducing the likelihood of knee injury – 15% of snowboard injuries are to the knee, compared with 45% of all skiing

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The snowboarding way of life came about as a natural response to the culture from which it emerged. Early on, there was a rebellion against skiing culture and the view that snowboarders were inferior. Skiers did not easily accept this new culture on their slopes. The two cultures contrasted each

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have a bail or step-in design and are sometimes placed on suspension plates to provide a layer of isolation between an alpine snowboarder and the board, to decrease the level of vibrations felt by the rider, creating a better overall experience when carving, and to give extra weight to the board

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Common injuries in snowboarding differ between professional and recreational groups. The most common type of injury for snowboarders is injury to the upper body. In recreational snowboarding, wrist injuries are more likely to occur. Among professional snowboarders, injuries to the lower half,

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in a multitude of classes. For snowboarding, USASA contests regional events in six primary disciplines (Slalom, Giant Slalom, Slopestyle, Halfpipe, Boardercross, and Rail Jam), where competitors earn points towards a national ranking and qualify to compete at the USASA National Championships.

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In the early 1980s, Aleksey Ostatnigrosh and Alexei Melnikov, two Snurfers from the Soviet Union, patented design changes to the Snurfer to allow jumping by attaching a bungee cord, a single footed binding to the Snurfer tail, and a two-foot binding design for improved control.

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the rider landing on his or her back and slamming the back of his or her head onto the ground, resulting in an occipital head injury. For this reason, helmets are widely recommended. Protective eyewear is also recommended as eye injury can be caused by impact and

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The half-pipe is a semi-circular ditch dug into the mountain or purpose-built ramp made up of snow, with walls between 8 and 23 feet (7.0 m). Competitors perform tricks while going from one side to the other and while in the air above the sides of the pipe.

248:, who both contributed significant innovations and started influential companies. In February 1968, Poppen organized the first snurfing competition at a Michigan ski resort that attracted enthusiasts from all over the country. One of those early pioneers was 379:(ISF) was founded to provide universal contest regulations. In addition, the United States of America Snowboard Association (USASA) provides instructing guidelines and runs snowboard competitions in the U.S. today, high-profile snowboarding events like the 331:) came up with new designs for boards and mechanisms that slowly developed into the snowboards and other related equipment. From these developments, modern snowboarding equipment usually consists of a snowboard with specialized bindings and boots. 413:

In 2004, snowboarding had 6.6 million active participants. An industry spokesman said that "twelve year-olds are out-riding adults." The same article said that most snowboarders are 18–24 years old and that women constitute 25% of participants.

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Off-Axis rotations combine flips and rotations; the naming convention is to first describe the horizontal rotation, followed by the number of off-axis rotations, terminated by the degree of total rotation (i.e. Backside Triple-Cork 1440).

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Part of the snowboarding approach is to ensure maximum fun, friendship and event quality. Reflecting this perspective of snowboarding, there are "Anti Contests" which are an important part of its identity including The Holy Oly Revival at

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signature skateboard deck attached to the top. Others experimented with board-on-snow configurations at this time, including Welsh skateboard enthusiasts Jon Roberts and Pete Matthews developed their own snowboards to use at their local

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provide interactive entertainment on and off season. Most games for this genre have been made for consoles, such as the Xbox and PlayStation. A plethora of online casual snowboarding games also exist along with games for mobile phone.

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Snowboard cross began in the 1980s, earning its place as an official Winter Olympic event in the 2006 Turin games. Unlike other snowboard racing disciplines such as parallel giant slalom, competitors race on a single course together.

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parts, especially knees, it is recommended to use the right technique. To acquire the right technique, one should be taught by a qualified instructor. Also, when snowboarding alone, precaution should be taken to avoid

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can be a result of exposure to strong ultra-violet light in snow-covered areas. The wearing of ultra-violet-absorbing goggles is recommended even on hazy or cloudy days as ultra-violet light can penetrate clouds.

848:– 40% of all snowboard injuries are to the wrists and 24% of all snowboard injuries are wrist fractures. There are around 100,000 wrist fractures worldwide among snowboarders each year. For this reason the use of 338:

in Colorado. Tom Sims along with an assortment of other snowboarders of the time were present. One entrant showed up on a homemade snowboard with a formica bottom that turned out to not slide so well on the snow.

1613: 280:, a Vermont native who had enjoyed snurfing since the age of 14, impressed the crowd at a Michigan snurfing competition with bindings he had designed to secure his feet to the board. That same year, he founded 904:

waxes emit toxic fumes when overheated. Waxing is best performed in a ventilated area with care being taken to use the wax at the correct temperature – the wax should be melted but not smoking or smoldering.

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gate, passing the long side of the gate doesn't count. There are 3 main formats used in snowboard racing including single person, parallel courses or multiple people on the course at the same time (SBX).

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A flat rotation in which the front of the person's body is the first to intersect with the direction of travel; after 90 degrees of rotation, the person's front will be facing the direction of travel.

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A flat rotation in which the back of the person's body is the first to intersect with the direction of travel; after 90 degrees of rotation, the person's back will be facing the direction of travel.

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There were 8.2 million snowboarders in the US and Canada for the 2009–2010 season. There was a 10% increase over the previous season, accounting for more than 30% of all snow sports participants.

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injuries. Such injuries are typically to the knee ligaments, bone fractures are rare. Fractures to the lower leg are also rare but 20% of injuries are to the foot and ankle. Fractures of the

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being the first developed in 1995. They allow snowboarders to turn the locked foot straight into the direction of the tip of the snowboard without removing the boot from the boot binding.

229:, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill. Dubbed the " 2906:

Wijdicks, Coen A; Rosenbach, Brandon S; Flanagan, Troy R; Bower, Gillian E; Newman, Kelly E; Clanton, Thomas O; Engebretsen, Lars; LaPrade, Robert F; Hackett, Tom R (January 2014).

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announced that adaptive snowboarding (dubbed "para-snowboarding") would debut as a men's and women's medal event in the 2014 Paralympic Winter Games taking place in Sochi, Russia.

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Bigdon, Sebastian Frederick; Gewiess, Jan; Hoppe, Sven; Exadaktylos, Aristomenis K.; Benneker, Lorin M.; Fairhurst, Paul Gilbert; Albers, Christoph E. (July 19, 2019).

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are made from a hard plastic shell, making it flex differently from a regular snowboard boot and is designed differently to ski boots although they look similar.

2355: 1291: 517: 2260: 770:'s Superpark event was created in 1996. Over 150 of the World's top pros are invited to advance freestyle snowboarding on the most progressive terrain parks. 2131: 556:

Alpine snowboarding shares more visual similarities with skiing equipment than it does with snowboarding equipment. Compared to freestyle snowboarding gear:

104: 2695: 1991: 2651: 2314: 1130:. Snowboarding films are also used as documentation of snowboarding and showcasing of current trends and styles of the sport. In addition, the 2011 movie 2517: 2021: 1519: 233:" (combining snow and surfer) by his wife Nancy, the toy proved so popular among his daughters' friends that Poppen licensed the idea to a manufacturer, 1402: 807:

are the last skiing only resorts in North America and have become a focal point over time for the remaining animosity between snowboarding and skiing.

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As snowboarding became more popular in the 1970s and 1980s, pioneers such as Dimitrije Milovich (founder of Winterstick out of Salt Lake City, Utah),

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Kim, Suezie; Endres, N. K.; Johnson, R. J. (April 1, 2012). "Snowboarding Injuries Trends Over Time and Comparisons With Alpine Skiing Injuries".

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The way in which a snowboarder normally rides most on their snowboard as determined by the placement of their feet and direction of travel.

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usually contain video footage of professional riders sponsored by companies. An example of commercial use of snowboarding films would be

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Snowboarding contests are held throughout the world and range from grassroots competitions to professional events contested worldwide.

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Davidson TM, Laliotis AT (1996) Snowboarding injuries, a four-year study with comparison with alpine ski injuries. West J Med; p.231

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are rare in other sports but account for 2% of snowboard injuries – a lateral process talus fracture is sometimes called "

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9–27 degree angle, placing a large torque force on this leg and predisposing the person to knee injury if a fall occurs.

365:, founder of Sims Snowboards, organized the event with the help of Mike Chantry, a snowboard instructor at Soda Springs. 5265: 4533: 4446: 3755: 1905: 1879: 3278: 237:, that sold about a million snurfers over the next decade. And, in 1966 alone, over half a million snurfers were sold. 1953: 1544: 725: 2347: 2319: 1575: 1165:

and subsequent recovery as a backdrop, the film examines the physical dangers inherent to pro snowboarders and other

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The first competitions to offer prize money were the National Snurfing Championship, held at Muskegon State Park in

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is a recreational and competitive activity that involves descending a snow-covered surface while standing on a

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was the first ever to win an Olympic gold medal for Woman's Snowboarding at the 1998 Olympics, while Canadian

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Video of a snowboarder practicing carving on a hard slope, equipped with a boardercross board and hard boots.

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showcased snowboarders such as Travis Rice attempting to attain greater feats in the sport of snowboarding.

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However, sometimes the snowboarding industry is not supportive of all snowboarding-themed films. In 2013,

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Kim, Suezie; Endres, Nathan K.; Johnson, Robert J.; Ettlinger, Carl F.; Shealy, Jasper E. (April 2012).

372:, Austria, further cementing snowboarding's recognition as an official international competitive sport. 312: 296: 277: 245: 234: 2587: 1635: 3371: 1425: 5927: 5832: 5805: 5331: 5016: 4842: 4710: 4420: 4380: 4103: 3828: 1823: 1513:"American English | A Website for Teachers and Learners of English As a Foreign Language Abroad" 1331: 1260: 1239:(born 1965 or 1966), American former snowboarding coach; suspended for 10 years for sexual misconduct 1187: 765: 759: 755: 328: 285: 159: 151: 120: 450: 5623: 5552: 4943: 4870: 4770: 4765: 4733: 4254: 4189: 4179: 4088: 2351: 741: 5699: 5471: 5426: 5336: 5074: 4837: 4269: 4055: 4045: 3782: 3526: 3300:

Nowak, M. R.; Kirkpatrick, A. W.; Bouffard, J. A.; Amponsah, D.; Dulchavsky, S. A. (March 2009).

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Kim, Suezie; Endres, Nathan K; Johnson, Robert; Ettlinger, Carl; Shealy, Jasper (April 2012).

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A rotation in which the person's head leads through the air in the direction of travel.

857: 804: 737: 717: 544: 384: 380: 155: 5896: 5767: 5735: 5643: 5633: 5618: 5494: 5456: 5375: 5360: 5341: 5250: 5173: 4986: 4892: 4827: 4645: 4610: 4600: 4565: 4549: 4456: 4441: 4390: 4199: 4156: 4108: 4098: 3988: 3967: 3931: 3921: 3750: 3548: 3243:"Snowboarding injuries: trends over time and comparisons with alpine skiing injuries" 3124: 3004: 2747:"Snowboarding Injuries: Trends Over Time and Comparisons With Alpine Skiing Injuries" 1498: 796: 531: 270: 253: 135: 131: 87: 2833: 5849: 5827: 5648: 5519: 5461: 5431: 5416: 5380: 5305: 5158: 5148: 5143: 5069: 5031: 4955: 4933: 4865: 4803: 4760: 4738: 4652: 4615: 4605: 4590: 4585: 4570: 4415: 4410: 4321: 4301: 4274: 4151: 4141: 4022: 3962: 3913: 3530: 3274: 3148: 3028: 2988: 2947: 2786: 2667: 1306: 1278: 1242: 1123: 1075:

A rotation in which the snowboard leads through the air in the direction of travel.

901: 882: 388: 350:. The race, organized by Graves, was won by Burton's first team rider Doug Bouton. 222: 207: 897:, a particularly dangerous area of loose snow that may form at the base of trees. 2923: 2162: 2075: 1961: 1755: 1725: 1472: 5844: 5664: 5608: 5315: 5277: 5168: 4950: 4938: 4902: 4897: 4887: 4743: 4728: 4718: 4657: 4635: 4575: 4425: 4331: 4244: 4234: 4226: 4093: 4080: 3993: 3770: 3723: 1311: 1266: 1150: 1119: 1111: 849: 840:

Like some other winter sports, snowboarding comes with a certain level of risk.

829: 828:

Gloves with an integrated plastic element, seen left partially pulled out, as a

800: 721: 573: 507: 399: 347: 265: 4518: 3449: 1456: 1361: 5772: 5762: 5726: 5674: 5638: 5582: 5534: 5524: 5509: 5421: 5282: 4981: 4923: 4918: 4849: 4755: 4723: 4695: 4685: 4667: 4620: 4557: 4375: 4316: 4217: 4118: 3972: 3884: 3713: 3317: 2865: 2717:: Its Own Culture and Crossover". Retrieved October 4, 2022, from Eagle Times. 2109: 1254: 1199: 866: 599: 561: 335: 3644: 3514: 3258: 3132: 3012: 2931: 2874: 2825: 2770: 2762: 1927: 1901: 1875: 1490: 889:

basic First Aid knowledge and know how to deal with injuries that may occur.

5812: 5800: 5745: 5740: 5706: 5689: 5613: 5577: 5529: 5346: 5092: 4793: 4680: 4630: 4492: 4482: 4349: 4306: 4060: 3696: 3242: 2569: 1272: 1248: 1115: 931:

The stance of a snowboarder that normally rides with their right foot first.

894: 651: 502: 334:

In April 1981, the "King of the Mountain" Snowboard competition was held at

116: 71: 67: 3522: 3335: 3266: 2939: 2892: 2778: 1552: 939:

The stance of a snowboarder that normally rides with their left foot first.

480: 5189: 3140: 3020: 2802:"Snowboarding injuries: Comparison of injuries in snowboarders and skiers" 2378:"Para-Snowboard Included in Sochi 2014 Paralympic Winter Games | IPC" 1830:. Grand Rapids, Michigan. January 15, 2008. pp. B1–B2. Archived from 398:

in Nagano, Japan, Snowboarding became an official Olympic event. France's

28: 5787: 5757: 5711: 5684: 5669: 5451: 5178: 5084: 4785: 4700: 4690: 4487: 4461: 3926: 3889: 3691: 2726: 1583: 1301: 962:

The portion of the board that attaches the riders' feet to the snowboard.

635: 567: 362: 354: 316: 249: 241: 139: 2492:"The Carver's Almanac – Hard booting and carving on an alpine snowboard" 1481: 1457:"Women's snowboarding – some experiences and perceptions of competition" 1040:

A forwards summersault (i.e. face first) over the toe edge of the board.

406:

was the first ever to win an Olympic gold medal for Men's Snowboarding.

5822: 5817: 5716: 5679: 5562: 5499: 5385: 4928: 4775: 4640: 4008: 3852: 3708: 3111:

Bladin, C.; McCrory, P. (1995). "Snowboarding Injuries – An Overview".

2817: 1803: 1784: 614: 442: 369: 230: 143: 3602:"And Now A Word NOT From Our Sponsors | Doc Soup | POV Blog" 2630: 2045:"Snowboarding History: Technology boosts snowboarding growth in 1980s" 2014:"Snowboard Boots – Snowboarding Equipment – Mechanics of Snowboarding" 1984:"Snowboard Bindings – Snowboard Equipment – Mechanics of Snowboarding" 832:. The element is pressed tightly to the wrist with a wide, all-around 5220: 5128: 4112: 3936: 3844: 3745: 3639: 3357:

Callé SC, Evans JT. (1995) Snowboarding trauma. J Pediatr Surg; p.791

2801: 1845: 1606:"Tom Sims: Snowboarding pioneer and world champion who became a Bond" 530:

is a discipline within the sport of snowboarding. It is practiced on

195: 147: 119:

that is almost always attached to a rider's feet. It features in the

2853:

Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine

2215: 3574: 2430:"Alpine Snowboarding – Using a rigid setup for carving and control" 1695: 1665: 5752: 823: 707: 629: 618: 580: 543: 534: 513: 501: 479: 449: 212: 202: 201: 181: 167: 5102: 3718: 2491: 1110:, a film by snowboarding legend and filmmaker Dave Seoane about 5193: 4522: 3817: 3648: 3630: 716:

Some of the larger snowboarding contests include: the European

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In 1982, the first USA National Snowboard race was held near

304:, because of a lack of snow that year at the original venue. 150:. It became popular around the world and was introduced as a 2583: 433:

While each style is unique, there is overlap between them.

315:(founder of Burton Snowboards from Londonderry, Vermont), 3813: 970:

The edge of the snowboard that the riders' heels rest on.

947:

The opposite stance of what a snowboarder normally rides.

548:

Freestyle snowboarder films for movie on handrail in Utah

1032:

A backwards summersault over the heel edge of the board.

2406:. Snowboarding.about.com. April 9, 2012. Archived from 3446:"Ski Safety – First Aid for Snowboarding & Skiing" 2709: 2707: 1804:"National Snurfing Championship – 1979, Muskegon, MI." 1785:"National Snurfing Championship – 1978, Muskegon, MI." 217:

Freeride snowboarding, in areas off of the main trails

1831: 2161:

Kenetics, Human; Schrag, Myles (December 14, 2018).

560:

boards are narrower, longer, and stiffer to improve

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Off the Chain: An Insider's History of Snowboarding

98: 86: 81: 63: 55: 50: 38: 2987:Bladin, Christopher; McCrory, Paul (May 1, 1995). 2800:Takakuwa, Tetsuya; Endo, Shigeatsu (May 1, 1996). 1269:(born 1986), American snowboarder and skateboarder 900:Some care is also required when waxing a board as 2908:"Injuries in elite and recreational snowboarders" 2849:"Spinal injury in alpine winter sports: a review" 221:The first snowboards were developed in 1965 when 2727:BYU NewsNet – Snowboarder stereotype squelched 494:contrast to a style like alpine snowboarding. 5205: 4534: 3829: 3660: 3472:"Best Way to Choose Right Snowboard Bindings" 2216:"Olympic Snowboarding – Winter Olympic Sport" 1292:American Association of Snowboard Instructors 1170:despite the film's mainstream media success. 8: 2136:A Complete History of the Snowboard Halfpipe 1636:"SNURFER- 1ST & 2ED GENERATION SNURFERS" 1145:, a feature-length documentary by filmmaker 1056:A cartwheel over the tail edge of the board. 1048:A cartwheel over the nose edge of the board. 752:Snowboarding has been a Winter Olympic sport 21: 3420:"Snowboarding Safety – Avalanche Awareness" 881:are designed to minimize the torque force, 510:, the typical style in alpine snowboarding. 506:An Alpine snowboarder executes a heel-side 5783: 5365: 5255: 5212: 5198: 5190: 4541: 4527: 4519: 4222: 3857: 3836: 3822: 3814: 3667: 3653: 3645: 3211: 3209: 3081: 3079: 3077: 3075: 2404:"Jib – Snowboard – Definitions – Glossary" 1455:Sisjord, Mari Kristin (December 1, 2013). 626:at the downtown Québec big air competition 20: 5241:Glossary of skiing and snowboarding terms 3448:. Abc-of-snowboarding.com. Archived from 3422:. Abc-of-snowboarding.com. Archived from 3325: 3165:. Abc-of-snowboarding.com. Archived from 3163:"Snowboarding Injuries – Wrist Fractures" 2964:. Abc-of-snowboarding.com. Archived from 2882: 2864: 2257:"Skiers vs Snow boarders: The Dying Feud" 1480: 1297:Glossary of skiing and snowboarding terms 1099:Skiing and snowboarding on film and video 368:In 1985, the first World Cup was held in 33:A snowboarder making a turn in fresh snow 2194:. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 172. 1666:"Dry Slope Skiing – What It Means to Us" 1393:"Is Snowboarding Melting in Popularity?" 5908:Sports originating in the United States 3247:The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2751:The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2590:from the original on September 16, 2016 2348:"snowboard participation increases 10%" 2315:"Burton Snowboards Is King of the Hill" 1323: 276:Also during this same period, in 1977, 3581:from the original on November 13, 2013 3555:from the original on December 15, 2023 2962:"Snowboarding Safety & Guidelines" 2327:from the original on November 22, 2020 2313:Marquardt, Katy (September 29, 2008). 2226:from the original on February 13, 2021 2055:from the original on February 28, 2021 2024:from the original on February 23, 2020 1994:from the original on February 23, 2020 1934:from the original on November 22, 2020 1766:from the original on November 23, 2020 1696:"Snowboarding History – RideDaily.com" 1676:from the original on November 24, 2020 1616:from the original on September 3, 2020 1405:from the original on February 24, 2015 994:The edge that the riders' toes rest on 712:2016 Winter X Games in Aspen, Colorado 353:In 1983, the first World Championship 264:) a molded polyethylene bottom with a 3374:from the original on December 2, 2020 3216:Roberts, William O. (February 2004). 3188:Roberts, William O. (February 2004). 3086:Roberts, William O. (February 2004). 3054:Roberts, William O. (February 2004). 3035:from the original on February 1, 2024 2546:from the original on October 22, 2016 2440:from the original on October 22, 2016 2384:from the original on December 4, 2020 2191:Research Handbook on Sport Governance 1856:from the original on October 28, 2013 1736:from the original on January 28, 2021 1706:from the original on November 6, 2020 537:. It has been an Olympic event since 240:Modern snowboarding was pioneered by 7: 3577:. The Crash Reel. January 19, 2012. 3281:from the original on October 4, 2022 3220:. McGraw-Hill Medical. p. 557. 3192:. McGraw-Hill Medical. p. 556. 3090:. McGraw-Hill Medical. p. 555. 3058:. McGraw-Hill Medical. p. 550. 2674:from the original on August 28, 2009 2472:from the original on October 9, 2022 1525:from the original on October 9, 2022 1436:from the original on October 4, 2022 1263:(born 2001), New Zealand snowboarder 1068: 1025: 1002: 955: 924: 3503:American Journal of Sports Medicine 2520:from the original on March 12, 2017 2263:from the original on April 14, 2009 2259:. Snowsphere.com. October 1, 2007. 2080:. Greystone Books Ltd. p. 19. 1391:Sheridan, Tom (February 22, 2015). 1281:(born 1994), Australian snowboarder 986:The trailing edge of the snowboard. 16:Snow sport involving a single board 3608:from the original on June 30, 2017 3478:. October 27, 2015. Archived from 3218:Bull's Handbook of Sports Injuries 3190:Bull's Handbook of Sports Injuries 3088:Bull's Handbook of Sports Injuries 3056:Bull's Handbook of Sports Injuries 2912:British Journal of Sports Medicine 2043:Moran, Lauren (January 27, 2012). 1908:from the original on June 20, 2018 1882:from the original on June 20, 2018 1813:Muskegon Area Sports Hall of Fame. 1794:Muskegon Area Sports Hall of Fame. 1646:from the original on July 20, 2023 1372:from the original on June 12, 2018 1366:International Paralympic Committee 1342:from the original on April 2, 2020 978:The forward edge of the snowboard. 879:Snowboard binding rotating devices 422:International Paralympic Committee 377:International Snowboard Federation 130:Snowboarding was developed in the 14: 3396:. Patft.uspto.gov. Archived from 2358:from the original on July 2, 2011 2294:from the original on July 3, 2020 1332:"Snowboard equipment and history" 1257:(born 1994), Canadian snowboarder 1251:(born 2000), American snowboarder 1245:(born 1998), Japanese snowboarder 1233:(born 1975), American snowboarder 1227:(born 1989), American snowboarder 701:FIS Snowboard World Championships 5877: 5876: 5867: 5866: 4283: 3903: 3675: 3600:POV | American Documentary Inc. 3125:10.2165/00007256-199519050-00005 3113:Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) 3005:10.2165/00007256-199519050-00005 2670:. Yobeat.com. February 5, 2009. 2460:"How to Buy an Alpine Snowboard" 2380:. Paralympic.org. May 28, 2012. 1275:(born 2004), Chinese snowboarder 27: 2220:International Olympic Committee 2167:. Human Kinetics. p. 255. 1424:Pedoe, Neil (October 4, 2016). 1336:International Olympic Committee 1161:. Using Pearce's career-ending 2806:Journal of Orthopaedic Science 1: 2106:the beginning of Snowboarding 724:, Burton Global Open Series, 327:) and Mike Olson (founder of 4550:Extreme and adventure sports 3545:"Snowboarding 101: Glossary" 3394:"United States Patent: 1995" 2924:10.1136/bjsports-2013-093019 2346:Mike Lewis (June 29, 2011). 2320:U.S. News & World Report 2284:"CFNC.org – Cluster Article" 1473:10.1080/02614367.2012.685334 323:), David Kemper (founder of 206:Snowboarder riding off of a 4381:Radio-controlled car racing 1640:michigansnowboardmuseum.com 5951: 4036:Mountain bike orienteering 3306:Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2698:February 26, 2009, at the 2566:"Making it Big in Big Air" 1114:, that includes cameos by 1096: 694: 679: 664: 649: 612: 597: 462: 440: 5862: 5231: 5027:Aggressive inline skating 4503: 4360:Offshore powerboat racing 4312:Motorcycle chariot racing 4281: 3901: 3791: 3687: 3318:10.1007/s12178-008-9040-5 3119:(5). Sports-Med: 358–64. 2866:10.1186/s13049-019-0645-z 2649:Snowboarder-community.com 2132:"Transworld Snowboarding" 2074:Rebagliati, Ross (2009). 1809:February 5, 2021, at the 1756:"History of Snowboarding" 1576:"SIMS Snowboards History" 465:Freeriding (winter sport) 396:1998 Winter Olympic Games 262:Lonnie Toft flying banana 26: 4355:Inshore powerboat racing 3515:10.1177/0363546511433279 3259:10.1177/0363546511433279 2763:10.1177/0363546511433279 2713:Chaisson, Bill (2019). " 2018:www.mechanicsofsport.com 1988:www.mechanicsofsport.com 1790:August 18, 2018, at the 1212:Snowboarding video games 776:The Summit at Snoqualmie 474:Backcountry snowboarding 357:competition was held at 4508:List of forms of racing 3875:Middle-distance running 2989:"Snowboarding Injuries" 2654:April 30, 2010, at the 1928:"Монолыжа — SU 1584971" 1902:"Монолыжа — SU 1584972" 1876:"Монолыжа — SU 1391670" 1518:. Exchanges.state.gov. 1426:"IS SNOWBOARDING DEAD?" 1225:Callan Chythlook-Sifsof 1182:Transworld Snowboarding 730:FIS World Championships 697:FIS Snowboard World Cup 454:Freeriding snowboarding 125:Winter Paralympic Games 4350:Jet sprint boat racing 3368:"Quick Stance Website" 2693:Summitatsnoqualmie.com 2636:June 23, 2011, at the 2584:"Big air competitions" 1612:. September 22, 2012. 1398:Orange County Register 1163:traumatic brain injury 837: 820:Safety and precautions 713: 638: 627: 590: 549: 524: 511: 485: 484:Freestyle snowboarding 455: 302:Grand Rapids, Michigan 218: 210: 199: 5913:Winter Olympic sports 5882:Category:Snowboarding 4903:Parachuting/Skydiving 3953:Cross country running 3880:Long-distance running 3803:Summer Olympic sports 3681:Winter Olympic sports 2540:"Alpine Snowboarding" 2514:"Alpine snowboarding" 2164:The Sports Rules Book 1362:"About IPC Snowboard" 1118:and was sponsored by 827: 711: 633: 622: 584: 547: 522: 505: 483: 453: 313:Jake Burton Carpenter 297:Jake Burton Carpenter 278:Jake Burton Carpenter 246:Jake Burton Carpenter 235:Brunswick Corporation 216: 205: 193: 5602:Technique / learning 5332:Cross-country skiing 5266:Cross-country skiing 5017:Freestyle scootering 4843:Traditional climbing 4447:Cross-country skiing 4421:Slalom skateboarding 4104:Mountain bike racing 2620:on October 31, 2010. 2410:on November 27, 2016 2222:. December 3, 2020. 1834:on October 18, 2000. 1824:"Grand Rapids Press" 1261:Zoi Sadowski-Synnott 1188:Snowboarder Magazine 952:Parts of a snowboard 767:Snowboarder Magazine 760:2018 Winter Olympics 756:1998 Winter Olympics 286:Londonderry, Vermont 162:and featured in the 152:Winter Olympic Sport 121:Winter Olympic Games 5369:Olympic disciplines 4944:Powered paragliding 4771:Whitewater kayaking 4766:Whitewater canoeing 4255:Pickup truck racing 4190:Paralympic swimming 4180:Open water swimming 4089:Road bicycle racing 3482:on October 26, 2017 3426:on January 16, 2013 3370:. Quickstance.com. 2668:"The Anti Contests" 2494:. Alpinecarving.com 2434:Snowboard-Coach.com 2352:Transworld Business 2142:on January 10, 2008 2102:"Snowboard History" 2049:www.summitdaily.com 1964:on January 23, 2013 1958:SnowBoard Education 1574:Chamber, Creation. 871:snowboarder's ankle 742:Freeride World Tour 634:Snowboarder in the 528:Alpine snowboarding 498:Alpine snowboarding 420:On 2 May 2012, the 260:(also known as the 23: 5700:List of ski brands 5472:Ski mountaineering 5427:Para-alpine skiing 5337:Backcountry skiing 5075:Ski mountaineering 4838:Free solo climbing 4776:Whitewater rafting 4471:Multi-sport racing 4270:Touring car racing 4056:Canoe orienteering 4051:Radio orienteering 4046:Trail orienteering 3783:Ski mountaineering 3636:Snowboarding links 3400:on January 2, 2020 2818:10.1007/BF02349815 2732:2008-07-05 at the 2631:Snowboardermag.com 2572:on March 11, 2016. 2282:Corporation, Xap. 1828:Grand Rapids Press 1726:"Men's Snowboards" 1586:on January 1, 2020 1555:on August 18, 2018 1401:. p. News 3. 1194:Snowboard Magazine 1061:Off-axis rotations 1013:Frontside Rotation 838: 714: 639: 628: 591: 550: 525: 512: 486: 456: 344:Woodstock, Vermont 293:Muskegon, Michigan 227:Muskegon, Michigan 219: 211: 200: 164:Winter Paralympics 44:Muskegon, Michigan 5923:Individual sports 5890: 5889: 5858: 5857: 5440: 5439: 5405:Other disciplines 5355: 5354: 5236:History of skiing 5187: 5186: 4833:Big wall climbing 4581:Kite landboarding 4516: 4515: 4399: 4398: 4345:Hydroplane racing 4294:Motorcycle racing 4260:Sports car racing 4185:Marathon swimming 4066:Mountain marathon 4031:Foot orienteering 4017: 4016: 3811: 3810: 3799:Paralympic sports 3631:PSIA-AASI Website 2201:978-1-78643-482-1 2174:978-1-4925-6759-2 2087:978-1-55365-487-2 1730:Burton Snowboards 1672:. June 28, 2015. 1133:The Art of Flight 1128:Burton Snowboards 1005:Backside Rotation 624:Sebastien Toutant 577:among other uses. 520: 325:Kemper Snowboards 282:Burton Snowboards 225:, an engineer in 191: 110: 109: 5940: 5933:Acrobatic sports 5880: 5879: 5870: 5869: 5784: 5593:Snowboard racing 5515:Half-pipe skiing 5487:Freestyle skiing 5366: 5311:Ski orienteering 5256: 5214: 5207: 5200: 5191: 5124:Adventure racing 5098:Extreme sledding 5065:Freestyle skiing 4876:Ski-BASE jumping 4749:Technical diving 4596:Mountainboarding 4543: 4536: 4529: 4520: 4478:Adventure racing 4340:Drag boat racing 4332:Motorboat racing 4287: 4265:Stock car racing 4223: 4147:Greyhound racing 4071:Car orienteering 4041:Ski orienteering 4004:Snowshoe running 3999:Backward running 3958:Mountain running 3946:Off-road running 3907: 3858: 3838: 3831: 3824: 3815: 3679: 3669: 3662: 3655: 3646: 3618: 3617: 3615: 3613: 3597: 3591: 3590: 3588: 3586: 3571: 3565: 3564: 3562: 3560: 3541: 3535: 3534: 3498: 3492: 3491: 3489: 3487: 3468: 3462: 3461: 3459: 3457: 3452:on July 16, 2012 3442: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3431: 3416: 3410: 3409: 3407: 3405: 3390: 3384: 3383: 3381: 3379: 3364: 3358: 3355: 3349: 3346: 3340: 3339: 3329: 3297: 3291: 3290: 3288: 3286: 3238: 3232: 3231: 3213: 3204: 3203: 3185: 3179: 3178: 3176: 3174: 3169:on July 17, 2012 3159: 3153: 3152: 3108: 3102: 3101: 3083: 3070: 3069: 3051: 3045: 3044: 3042: 3040: 2984: 2978: 2977: 2975: 2973: 2968:on July 21, 2012 2958: 2952: 2951: 2903: 2897: 2896: 2886: 2868: 2844: 2838: 2837: 2797: 2791: 2790: 2742: 2736: 2724: 2718: 2711: 2702: 2690: 2684: 2683: 2681: 2679: 2664: 2658: 2646: 2640: 2628: 2622: 2621: 2616:. 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Archived from 1541: 1535: 1534: 1532: 1530: 1524: 1517: 1509: 1503: 1502: 1484: 1452: 1446: 1445: 1443: 1441: 1421: 1415: 1414: 1412: 1410: 1388: 1382: 1381: 1379: 1377: 1358: 1352: 1351: 1349: 1347: 1328: 682:Snowboard racing 676:Snowboard racing 521: 194:Snowboarding in 192: 31: 24: 5950: 5949: 5943: 5942: 5941: 5939: 5938: 5937: 5893: 5892: 5891: 5886: 5872:Category:Skiing 5854: 5782: 5721: 5653: 5597: 5588:Snowboard cross 5539: 5481: 5477:Telemark skiing 5436: 5400: 5351: 5320: 5294: 5290:Nordic combined 5245: 5227: 5218: 5188: 5183: 5154:Obstacle racing 5139:Extreme ironing 5112: 5079: 5043: 5005: 4994:Mountain biking 4965: 4961:Wingsuit flying 4907: 4854: 4821:Alpine climbing 4780: 4705: 4662: 4552: 4547: 4517: 4512: 4499: 4466: 4452:Snowboard cross 4430: 4395: 4386:Slot car racing 4364: 4326: 4288: 4279: 4250:Off-road racing 4212: 4194: 4166: 4162:Sled dog racing 4128: 4075: 4013: 3977: 3941: 3908: 3899: 3847: 3842: 3812: 3807: 3787: 3766:Nordic combined 3683: 3673: 3627: 3622: 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2453: 2443: 2441: 2428: 2427: 2423: 2413: 2411: 2402: 2401: 2397: 2387: 2385: 2376: 2375: 2371: 2361: 2359: 2345: 2344: 2340: 2330: 2328: 2312: 2311: 2307: 2297: 2295: 2281: 2280: 2276: 2266: 2264: 2255: 2254: 2250: 2245:Ross Rebagliati 2243: 2239: 2229: 2227: 2214: 2213: 2209: 2202: 2187: 2186: 2182: 2175: 2160: 2159: 2155: 2145: 2143: 2130: 2129: 2125: 2115: 2113: 2100: 2099: 2095: 2088: 2073: 2072: 2068: 2058: 2056: 2042: 2041: 2037: 2027: 2025: 2012: 2011: 2007: 1997: 1995: 1982: 1981: 1977: 1967: 1965: 1952: 1951: 1947: 1937: 1935: 1926: 1925: 1921: 1911: 1909: 1900: 1899: 1895: 1885: 1883: 1874: 1873: 1869: 1859: 1857: 1844: 1843: 1839: 1822: 1821: 1817: 1811:Wayback Machine 1802: 1798: 1792:Wayback Machine 1783: 1779: 1769: 1767: 1760:bulgariaski.com 1754: 1753: 1749: 1739: 1737: 1724: 1723: 1719: 1709: 1707: 1694: 1693: 1689: 1679: 1677: 1664: 1663: 1659: 1649: 1647: 1634: 1633: 1629: 1619: 1617: 1610:The Independent 1604: 1603: 1599: 1589: 1587: 1580:www.simsnow.com 1573: 1572: 1568: 1558: 1556: 1543: 1542: 1538: 1528: 1526: 1522: 1515: 1511: 1510: 1506: 1461:Leisure Studies 1454: 1453: 1449: 1439: 1437: 1423: 1422: 1418: 1408: 1406: 1390: 1389: 1385: 1375: 1373: 1360: 1359: 1355: 1345: 1343: 1330: 1329: 1325: 1320: 1288: 1221: 1209: 1176: 1107:The White Album 1101: 1095: 1090: 1080: 1072: 1063: 1053: 1045: 1037: 1029: 1024: 1014: 1006: 1001: 991: 983: 975: 967: 959: 954: 944: 936: 928: 920: 915: 822: 813: 811:Common injuries 788: 746:Winter Dew Tour 720:, the Japanese 718:Air & Style 703: 695:Main articles: 693: 684: 678: 669: 667:Snowboard cross 663: 661:Snowboard cross 654: 648: 617: 611: 602: 596: 587:Tannheim, Tyrol 585:Snowboarder in 514: 500: 491: 467: 461: 445: 439: 430: 404:Ross Rebagliati 385:Air & Style 321:Sims Snowboards 252:, a devotee of 182: 180: 51:Characteristics 34: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5948: 5947: 5944: 5936: 5935: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5905: 5895: 5894: 5888: 5887: 5885: 5884: 5874: 5863: 5860: 5859: 5856: 5855: 5853: 5852: 5847: 5842: 5841: 5840: 5835: 5825: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5809: 5808: 5798: 5796:Aerial tramway 5792: 5790: 5781: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5749: 5748: 5738: 5732: 5730: 5723: 5722: 5720: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5704: 5703: 5702: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5661: 5659: 5655: 5654: 5652: 5651: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5605: 5603: 5599: 5598: 5596: 5595: 5590: 5585: 5580: 5575: 5570: 5565: 5560: 5555: 5549: 5547: 5541: 5540: 5538: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5491: 5489: 5483: 5482: 5480: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5448: 5446: 5442: 5441: 5438: 5437: 5435: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5412:Extreme skiing 5408: 5406: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5372: 5370: 5363: 5357: 5356: 5353: 5352: 5350: 5349: 5344: 5339: 5334: 5328: 5326: 5322: 5321: 5319: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5302: 5300: 5296: 5295: 5293: 5292: 5287: 5286: 5285: 5275: 5274: 5273: 5262: 5260: 5253: 5247: 5246: 5244: 5243: 5238: 5232: 5229: 5228: 5219: 5217: 5216: 5209: 5202: 5194: 5185: 5184: 5182: 5181: 5176: 5171: 5166: 5161: 5156: 5151: 5146: 5141: 5136: 5134:Cheese rolling 5131: 5126: 5120: 5118: 5114: 5113: 5111: 5110: 5105: 5100: 5095: 5089: 5087: 5081: 5080: 5078: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5055:Extreme skiing 5051: 5049: 5045: 5044: 5042: 5041: 5039:Roller skating 5036: 5035: 5034: 5029: 5022:Inline skating 5019: 5013: 5011: 5007: 5006: 5004: 5003: 5002: 5001: 4991: 4990: 4989: 4984: 4973: 4971: 4967: 4966: 4964: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4947: 4946: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4915: 4913: 4909: 4908: 4906: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4885: 4883:Bungee jumping 4880: 4879: 4878: 4873: 4862: 4860: 4856: 4855: 4853: 4852: 4847: 4846: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4825: 4824: 4823: 4816:Mountaineering 4813: 4812: 4811: 4809:Mixed climbing 4801: 4799:Crane climbing 4796: 4790: 4788: 4782: 4781: 4779: 4778: 4773: 4768: 4763: 4758: 4753: 4752: 4751: 4746: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4715: 4713: 4707: 4706: 4704: 4703: 4698: 4693: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4672: 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4076: 4074: 4073: 4068: 4063: 4058: 4053: 4048: 4043: 4038: 4033: 4027: 4025: 4019: 4018: 4015: 4014: 4012: 4011: 4006: 4001: 3996: 3991: 3985: 3983: 3979: 3978: 3976: 3975: 3970: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3949: 3947: 3943: 3942: 3940: 3939: 3934: 3929: 3924: 3918: 3916: 3910: 3909: 3902: 3900: 3898: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3866: 3864: 3855: 3849: 3848: 3843: 3841: 3840: 3833: 3826: 3818: 3809: 3808: 3806: 3805: 3792: 3789: 3788: 3786: 3785: 3780: 3779: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3743: 3742: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3729:figure skating 3721: 3716: 3711: 3706: 3705: 3704: 3694: 3688: 3685: 3684: 3674: 3672: 3671: 3664: 3657: 3649: 3643: 3642: 3633: 3626: 3625:External links 3623: 3620: 3619: 3592: 3566: 3536: 3509:(4): 770–776. 3493: 3463: 3437: 3411: 3385: 3359: 3350: 3341: 3292: 3253:(4): 770–776. 3233: 3226: 3205: 3198: 3180: 3154: 3103: 3096: 3071: 3064: 3046: 2999:(5): 358–364. 2979: 2953: 2898: 2839: 2812:(3): 178–181. 2792: 2757:(4): 770–776. 2737: 2719: 2703: 2685: 2659: 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March 2016. 1353: 1322: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1315: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1287: 1284: 1283: 1282: 1276: 1270: 1264: 1258: 1252: 1246: 1240: 1234: 1231:Rosey Fletcher 1228: 1220: 1219:Notable people 1217: 1208: 1205: 1175: 1172: 1167:extreme sports 1142:The Crash Reel 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1085: 1084: 1081: 1078: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1062: 1059: 1058: 1057: 1054: 1051: 1049: 1046: 1043: 1041: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1030: 1027: 1023: 1020: 1019: 1018: 1015: 1012: 1010: 1007: 1004: 1000: 997: 996: 995: 992: 989: 987: 984: 981: 979: 976: 973: 971: 968: 965: 963: 960: 957: 953: 950: 949: 948: 945: 942: 940: 937: 935:Regular Stance 934: 932: 929: 926: 919: 916: 914: 911: 858:snow blindness 821: 818: 812: 809: 805:Mad River Glen 787: 784: 738:Winter X Games 692: 689: 680:Main article: 677: 674: 665:Main article: 662: 659: 650:Main article: 647: 644: 613:Main article: 610: 607: 598:Main article: 595: 592: 579: 578: 571: 565: 499: 496: 490: 487: 470:are utilized. 463:Main article: 460: 457: 441:Main article: 438: 435: 429: 426: 381:Winter X Games 361:, California. 329:Gnu Snowboards 179: 176: 134:, inspired by 108: 107: 102: 96: 95: 90: 84: 83: 79: 78: 65: 61: 60: 57: 53: 52: 48: 47: 40: 36: 35: 32: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5946: 5945: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5900: 5898: 5883: 5875: 5873: 5865: 5864: 5861: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5830: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5807: 5804: 5803: 5802: 5799: 5797: 5794: 5793: 5791: 5789: 5785: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5768:Snow grooming 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5747: 5744: 5743: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5736:Dry ski slope 5734: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5724: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5701: 5698: 5697: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5662: 5660: 5656: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5644:Ski simulator 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5634:Stem christie 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5619:Parallel turn 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5606: 5604: 5600: 5594: 5591: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5551: 5550: 5548: 5546: 5542: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5495:Aerial skiing 5493: 5492: 5490: 5488: 5484: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5457:Indoor skiing 5455: 5453: 5450: 5449: 5447: 5443: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5409: 5407: 5403: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5373: 5371: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5361:Alpine skiing 5358: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5342:Roller skiing 5340: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5329: 5327: 5323: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5303: 5301: 5297: 5291: 5288: 5284: 5281: 5280: 5279: 5276: 5272: 5269: 5268: 5267: 5264: 5263: 5261: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5251:Nordic skiing 5248: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5233: 5230: 5226: 5222: 5215: 5210: 5208: 5203: 5201: 5196: 5195: 5192: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5174:Ultramarathon 5172: 5170: 5167: 5165: 5162: 5160: 5157: 5155: 5152: 5150: 5147: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5137: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5121: 5119: 5115: 5109: 5106: 5104: 5101: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5086: 5082: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5052: 5050: 5046: 5040: 5037: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5024: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5014: 5012: 5008: 5000: 4997: 4996: 4995: 4992: 4988: 4987:Freestyle BMX 4985: 4983: 4980: 4979: 4978: 4975: 4974: 4972: 4968: 4962: 4959: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4949: 4945: 4942: 4941: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4916: 4914: 4910: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4893:Cliff jumping 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4868: 4867: 4864: 4863: 4861: 4857: 4851: 4848: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4831: 4830: 4829: 4828:Rock climbing 4826: 4822: 4819: 4818: 4817: 4814: 4810: 4807: 4806: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4791: 4789: 4787: 4783: 4777: 4774: 4772: 4769: 4767: 4764: 4762: 4759: 4757: 4754: 4750: 4747: 4745: 4742: 4741: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4720: 4717: 4716: 4714: 4712: 4708: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4692: 4689: 4687: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4673: 4671: 4669: 4665: 4659: 4656: 4654: 4651: 4647: 4646:River surfing 4644: 4643: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4636:Street luging 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4611:Skateboarding 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4601:Riverboarding 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4566:Bellyboarding 4564: 4563: 4561: 4559: 4555: 4551: 4544: 4539: 4537: 4532: 4530: 4525: 4524: 4521: 4509: 4506: 4505: 4502: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4485: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4475: 4473: 4469: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4457:Speed skating 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4442:Alpine skiing 4440: 4439: 4437: 4435:Winter racing 4433: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4408: 4406: 4402: 4392: 4391:Street racing 4389: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4373: 4371: 4367: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4337: 4335: 4333: 4329: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4308: 4305: 4303: 4300: 4299: 4297: 4295: 4291: 4286: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4232: 4230: 4228: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4215: 4209: 4206: 4205: 4203: 4201: 4197: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4181: 4178: 4177: 4175: 4173: 4169: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4157:Pigeon racing 4155: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4139: 4137: 4135: 4134:Animal racing 4131: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4117: 4114: 4110: 4109:Track cycling 4107: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4099:Gravel racing 4097: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4078: 4072: 4069: 4067: 4064: 4062: 4059: 4057: 4054: 4052: 4049: 4047: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4037: 4034: 4032: 4029: 4028: 4026: 4024: 4020: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4002: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3992: 3990: 3989:Tower running 3987: 3986: 3984: 3980: 3974: 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