280:. Although some people do not have an SSN assigned to them, it is becoming increasingly difficult to engage in legitimate financial activities such as applying for a loan or a bank account without one. While the government cannot require an individual to disclose their SSN without a legal basis, companies may refuse to provide service to an individual who does not provide an SSN. The card on which an SSN is issued is still not suitable for primary identification as it has no photograph, no physical description, and no birth date. All it does is confirm that a particular number has been issued to a particular name. Instead, a
293:
705:
miniature card being useless for its purpose and despite
Whitcher's holding two cards of apparently identical size in the accompanying photograph. Over time, the number that appeared (078-05-1120) has been claimed by a total of over 40,000 people as their own. The SSA initiated an advertising campaign stating that it was incorrect to use the number (Hilda Whitcher was issued a new SSN). However, the number was found to be in use by 12 individuals as late as 1977.
38:
245:
566:, were assigned by geographical region. Before 1973, cards were issued in local Social Security offices around the country, and the area number represented the office that issued the card. This did not have to be in the area where the applicant lived, because one could apply for a card in any Social Security office. Beginning in 1973, when the SSA began assigning SSNs and issuing cards centrally from
704:
Even though the card was printed in red (the real card is printed in blue) and had "specimen" printed across the front, many people used
Whitcher's SSN as their own. The Social Security Administration's account of the incident also claims that the fake card was half the size of a real card, despite a
209:
The original purpose of this number was to track individuals' accounts within the Social
Security program. It has since come to be used as an identifier for individuals within the United States, although rare errors occur where duplicates do exist. A few duplications did occur when prenumbered cards
622:
Before June 25, 2011, a valid SSN could not have an area number in the range 734–749, or above 772, the highest area number the Social
Security Administration had allocated. Since June 25, 2011, the SSA has assigned SSNs randomly and allowed the assignment of area numbers 734–749 and 773–899. These
433:
identifiers of any sort, making it essentially impossible to tell whether a person using a certain SSN truly belongs to someone without relying on other documentation (which may itself have been falsely procured through use of the fraudulent SSN). Congress has proposed federal laws that restrict the
303:
section 6109(d) provides: "The social security account number issued to an individual for purposes of section 205(c)(2)(A) of the Social
Security Act shall, except as shall otherwise be specified under regulations of the Secretary , be used as the identifying number for such individual for purposes
224:
have used the Social
Security number as an identification number for Army and Air Force personnel since July 1, 1969, the Navy and Marine Corps for their personnel since January 1, 1972, and the Coast Guard for their personnel since October 1, 1974. Previously, the United States military used a much
196:
change resulted in seven million fewer minor dependents being claimed. The disappearance of these dependents is believed to have involved either children who never existed or tax deductions improperly claimed by non-custodial parents. In 1988, the threshold was lowered to two years old, and in 1990,
665:
The Social
Security Administration does not reuse Social Security numbers. It has issued over 450 million since the start of the program, about 5.5 million per year. It says it has enough to last several generations without reuse and without changing the number of digits. There have been accidental
315:
Furnishing number to other persons: Any person with respect to whom a return, statement, or other document is required under the authority of this title to be made by another person or whose identifying number is required to be shown on a return of another person shall furnish to such other person
171:
On
November 24, 1936, 1,074 of the nation's 45,000 post offices were designated "typing centers" to type up Social Security cards that were then sent to Washington, D.C. On December 1, 1936, as part of the publicity campaign for the new program, Joseph L. Fay of the Social Security Administration
574:
of the mailing address on the application for the original Social
Security card. The applicant's mailing address did not have to be the same as their place of residence, so the area number did not necessarily represent the applicant's state of residence, regardless of whether the card was issued
724:
List showing the geographical location of the first three digits of the Social
Security numbers assigned in the United States and its territories from 1936 until June 25, 2011. Repeated numbers indicate that they have been transferred to another location or are shared by more than one location.
582:
and moving south and west, so that people applying from addresses on the east coast had the lowest numbers and those on the west coast had the highest numbers. As the areas assigned to a locality were exhausted, new areas from the pool were assigned, so some states had noncontiguous groups of
259:
was passed in 1965, objecting religious groups in existence prior to 1951 were allowed to opt out of the system. Because of this, not every American is part of the Social Security program, and not everyone has a number. However, a Social Security number is required for parents to claim their
649:
Until 2011, the SSA published the last group number used for each area number. Because group numbers were allocated in a regular pattern, it was possible to identify an unissued SSN that contained an invalid group number. Now numbers are assigned randomly, and fraudulent SSNs are not easily
197:
the threshold was lowered yet again to one year old. Today, an SSN is required regardless of the child's age to receive an exemption. Since then, parents have often applied for Social Security numbers for their children soon after birth; today, it can be done on the application for a
267:
Social Security cards printed from January 1946 until January 1972 expressly stated that people should not use the number and card for identification. Since nearly everyone in the United States now has an SSN, it became convenient to use it anyway and the message was removed.
311:
Inclusion in returns: Any person required under the authority of this title to make a return, statement, or other document shall include in such return, statement, or other document such identifying number as may be prescribed for securing proper identification of such
468:
Identity confusion has also occurred because of the use of local Social Security numbers by the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau, whose numbers overlap with those of residents of New Hampshire and Maine.
320:
According to U.S. Treasury regulations, any person who, after October 31, 1962, works as an employee for wages subject to Social Security taxes, Medicare taxes, or U.S. federal income tax withholdings is required to apply for "an account number" using Form SS-5.
675:
379:
In 2004 Congress passed The Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act; parts of which mandated that the Social Security Administration redesign the SSN card to prevent forgery. From April 2006 through August 2007, the SSA and
384:(GPO) employees were assigned to redesign the Social Security number card to the specifications of the Interagency Task Force created by the commissioner of Social Security in consultation with the secretary of Homeland Security.
732:, it eliminates the geographical significance of the first three digits of the SSN, previously referred to as the Area Number, by no longer allocating the Area Numbers for assignment to individuals in specific states.
260:
children as dependents for federal income tax purposes, and the Internal Revenue Service requires all corporations to obtain SSNs (or alternative identifying numbers) from their employees, as described below. The
183:
Before 1986, people often did not obtain a Social Security number until the age of about 14, since the numbers were used for income tracking purposes, and those under that age seldom had substantial income. The
176:. However, since the Social Security numbers were not assigned in chronological order, Sweeney did not receive the lowest Social Security number, 001-01-0001. That distinction belongs to Grace D. Owen of
590:, range from 01 to 99. Even before SSN randomization, the group numbers were not assigned consecutively in an area. Instead, for administrative reasons, group numbers were issued in the following order:
542:
It eliminated the significance of the highest group number assigned for each area number; the High Group List therefore is frozen in time and can be used for validation of only those SSNs issued before
480:, executives hired private investigators to manipulate phone companies into disclosing calling information and social security numbers of employees they suspected were leaking information to the press.
3063:
232:
Beginning in June 2011, the DOD began removing the Social Security number from military identification cards, replacing them with a unique DOD identification number, formally known as the
697:, decided to promote its product by showing how a Social Security card would fit into its wallets. A sample card, used for display purposes, was placed in each wallet, which was sold by
452:
The Social Security Administration has suggested that, if asked to provide their Social Security number, a citizen should ask which law requires its use. In accordance with §7213 of the
701:
and other department stores across the country; the wallet manufacturer's vice president and treasurer Douglas Patterson used the actual SSN of his secretary, Hilda Schrader Whitcher.
539:
It eliminated the geographical significance of the first three digits of the SSN (the area number), by ceasing to allocate specific numbers by state for assignment to individuals.
192:. Before this act, parents claiming tax deductions were simply trusted not to lie about the number of children they supported. During the first year of the Tax Reform Act, this
139:
172:
selected a record from the top of the first stack of 1,000 records and announced that the first Social Security number in history was assigned to John David Sweeney, Jr. of
445:(PTIN) to include on their client's tax returns (as part of signature requirements). Day care services have tax benefits, and even a sole proprietor should give parents an
2571:
441:(IRS) offers alternatives to SSNs in some places where providing untrusted parties with identification numbers is essential. Tax return preparers must obtain and use a
2851:
3328:
3056:
369:
361:
2207:
3161:
2933:
2645:
357:
One reads "not valid for employment." Such cards cannot be used as proof of work authorization, and are not acceptable as a List C document on the I-9 form.
1746:
1544:
498:
In cases where the person has been a victim of domestic violence or harassment, and there is a clear need to change their number for their personal safety.
458:
3139:
453:
381:
142:. Although the original purpose for the number was for the Social Security Administration to track individuals, the Social Security number has become a
264:
have fought to prevent universal Social Security by overturning rules such as a requirement to provide a Social Security number for a hunting license.
551:
3323:
3129:
3124:
3049:
3267:
2954:
2897:
3333:
3020:
2015:
365:
520:
The Social Security number is a nine-digit number in the format "AAA-GG-SSSS". The number has three parts: the first three digits, called the
3287:
2887:
728:
On June 25, 2011, the SSA changed the SSN assignment process to "SSN randomization". SSN randomization affects the SSN assignment process.
535:
On June 25, 2011, the Social Security Administration changed the SSN assignment process to "SSN randomization", which did the following:
3246:
1444:
117:
2211:
343:
persons who become U.S. citizens by oath, or birth within the exclusive legislative or territorial jurisdiction of the U.S. government;
336:
Four different classifications of Social Security cards are issued. Such cards are issued by geographic location (SSN Area Number) to:
3277:
2969:
442:
126:
307:
The Internal Revenue Code also provides, when required by regulations prescribed by the secretary of the treasury or their delegate:
3282:
3221:
3134:
2877:
2141:
465:, the number of replacement Social Security cards per person is generally limited to three per calendar year and ten in a lifetime.
429:
Exacerbating the problem of using the Social Security number as an identifier is the fact that the Social Security card contains no
1984:
1514:
1932:
3196:
2837:
2828:
252:
2453:
3236:
3206:
3176:
3072:
2984:
2856:
2734:
1427:
477:
446:
325:
277:
226:
146:
135:
63:
3099:
188:
required parents to list Social Security numbers for each dependent over the age of 5 for whom the parent wanted to claim a
372:-- the nation's border agency. They can satisfy the I-9 requirement, if they are accompanied by a work authorization card.
340:
persons of natural birth within the territorial boundaries of any one of the member States of the United States of America;
3292:
2882:
473:
221:
150:
113:
2286:
689:
Some SSNs used in advertising have rendered those numbers invalid. One famous instance of this occurred in 1938 when the
504:
Where a person has a demonstrable religious objection to a number (such as certain Christians being averse to the number
3261:
3251:
3241:
3216:
3201:
3089:
2892:
2427:
1907:
410:. This is because it is interconnected with many other forms of identification and people asking for it treat it as an
3338:
3010:
2974:
2184:
546:
Previously unassigned area numbers have been introduced for assignment, excluding area numbers 000, 666, and 900–999.
512:
For all of these conditions, credible third-party evidence such as a restraining order or police report is required.
399:
advocates are concerned about the disclosure and processing of Social Security numbers. Furthermore, researchers at
2979:
2692:
2233:
579:
400:
387:
The new SSN card design utilizes both covert and overt security features created by the SSA and GPO design teams.
156:
A Social Security number may be obtained by applying on Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Number Card.
3297:
3025:
1858:
1785:
1438:
1349:
694:
434:
use of SSNs for identification and bans their use for a number of commercial purposes—e.g., rental applications.
43:
501:
When a person has been a victim of identity theft, and their Social Security number continues to be problematic.
164:
Social Security numbers were first issued by the Social Security Administration in November 1936 as part of the
3171:
3015:
2928:
709:
438:
256:
2040:
403:
have demonstrated an algorithm that uses publicly available personal information to reconstruct a given SSN.
3156:
3114:
1884:
1432:
476:
attacks, where attackers try and manipulate people into disclosing private information. For example, in the
368:
authorization." These cards are issued to people who have temporary work authorization in the U.S. from the
1832:"Publication 501 (2023), Dependents, Standard Deduction, and Filing Information | Internal Revenue Service"
1522:
3119:
698:
690:
683:
185:
177:
173:
1958:
2907:
2124:
2107:
1609:
300:
650:
detectable with publicly available information. Many online services, however, provide SSN validation.
472:
Similarly, Social Security numbers are often valued information for hackers to gain in attacks such as
3109:
679:
3181:
2964:
2959:
2821:
505:
281:
121:
1777:
1769:
645:
Numbers with 666 or 900–999 (Individual Taxpayer Identification Number) in the first digit group.
324:
A taxpayer who is not eligible to have a Social Security Number (SSN) must obtain an alternative
2287:"How many Americans' Social Security numbers were officially duplicated for Pacific islanders?"
716:
identity theft protection service, which allowed his identity to be stolen over a dozen times.
614:, were assigned in a straight numerical sequence of digits from 0001 to 9999 within the group.
292:
3186:
3030:
2800:
2783:
2159:
1694:
1422:
198:
3041:
2949:
1761:
1686:
1625:
2723:
3084:
2771:
1484:
2619:
1640:
2500:
2088:. Frequently Asked Questions. United States Social Security Administration. May 18, 2018
1547:
461:
37:
3231:
3095:
2902:
2814:
623:
are not Taxpayer Identification Numbers (TINs), which include additional area numbers.
524:
because they were formerly assigned by geographical region; the middle two digits, the
411:
407:
214:
17:
2261:"Your Social Security Number And Card, "How can I protect my Social Security number?""
488:
A person can request a new Social Security number, but only under certain conditions:
316:
such identifying number as may be prescribed for securing their proper identification.
3317:
2572:"A tale of two women: same birthday, same Social Security number, same big-data mess"
1936:
492:
Where sequential numbers assigned to members of the same family are causing problems.
426:—partly because they assume that no one except the person it was issued to knows it.
189:
130:
101:
2128:
2111:
1781:
244:
3256:
2308:
2085:
415:
2806:
2670:
2478:
2383:
1992:
2526:
1719:
1583:
3000:
1809:
654:
419:
2763:
2596:
2405:
2362:
3271:
3211:
3151:
3146:
430:
296:
Social Security card with legend "for Social Security and tax purposes" (1961)
193:
168:
Social Security program. Within three months, 25 million numbers were issued.
1765:
2700:
2431:
1675:"A strategy for assembling samples of adult twin pairs in the United States"
567:
2787:
2333:
2260:
2160:"Government office - Social Services Departments by state in united states"
1690:
1698:
3005:
2923:
713:
571:
554:(ITINs) are issued by the IRS, they are not affected by this SSA change.
273:
165:
2548:
1831:
1773:
1561:
1491:. Vol. 69, no. 2. United States Social Security Administration
3166:
2234:"PTIN Requirements for Tax Return Preparers | Internal Revenue Service"
2086:"Can I refuse to give my Social Security number to a private business?"
674:
396:
1862:
248:
An old Social Security card with the "not for identification" message
210:
were sent out to regional SSA offices and (originally) post offices.
1674:
120:, and temporary (working) residents under section 205(c)(2) of the
3226:
3191:
673:
291:
261:
243:
233:
27:
Nine-digit number issued to U.S. citizens and permanent residents
3103:
2527:"High Group List And Other Ways To Determine If An SSN Is Valid"
423:
3045:
2810:
2063:
1861:. Social Security Administration. December 2017. Archived from
2549:"Q20: Are Social Security numbers reused after a person dies?"
1991:. United States Social Security Administration. Archived from
376:
The cards commonly display the cardholder's name and number.
2507:. United States Social Security Administration. June 23, 2011
1959:"Amish reject giving Social Security numbers to get licenses"
653:
Unlike many similar numbers, Social Security numbers have no
2066:. Office of Public Enquiries, Social Security Administration
2016:"The Nation; Not for Identification Purposes (Just Kidding)"
414:. Financial institutions generally require an SSN to set up
2646:"LifeLock CEO said to be victim of identity theft 13 times"
2185:"New algorithm guesses SSNs using date and place of birth"
284:
or state ID card is used as an identification for adults.
1515:"Social Security Cards: De Facto National Identification"
607:
Group number 98, for example, would be issued before 11.
563:
353:
There are two restricted types of Social Security cards:
217:
records are sometimes indexed by Social Security number.
712:
distributed his SSN in advertisements for his company's
666:
assignments of the same number to more than one person.
364:
authorization", or the older, "valid for work only with
2766:: "The most misused SSN of all time was (078-05-1120)."
2758:
2208:"Congress may slap restrictions on SSN use - CNET News"
1584:"The "First" Social Security Number; The Lowest Number"
2501:"RM 10201.035 Invalid Social Security Numbers (SSNs)"
1933:""Pay Unto Caesar": The Amish & Social Security"
2993:
2942:
2916:
2870:
2844:
1508:
1506:
478:
social engineering attack involving Hewlett-Packard
87:
69:
59:
51:
1641:"Social Security Numbers Issued: A 20-Year Review"
578:Generally, numbers were assigned beginning in the
562:Before randomization, the first three digits, the
140:independent agency of the United States government
2255:
2253:
2722:Barron, Erma; Bamberger, Felix (November 1982).
2430:. Social Security Administration. Archived from
570:, the area number was assigned according to the
406:The SSN is frequently used by those involved in
271:Since then, Social Security numbers have become
1198:Philippine Islands (under U.S. rule until 1946)
134:. The number is issued to an individual by the
2551:. United States Social Security Administration
1853:
1851:
1726:. United States Social Security Administration
1590:. United States Social Security Administration
1564:. United States Social Security Administration
495:In the event of duplicates having been issued.
3057:
2822:
2473:
2471:
1885:"Service Numbers and Social Security Numbers"
8:
346:persons who become U.S. permanent residents;
30:
2597:"Social Security Cards Issued by Woolworth"
2334:"New Numbers for Domestic Violence Victims"
630:Numbers with all zeros in any digit group (
3064:
3050:
3042:
2829:
2815:
2807:
2591:
2589:
1616:. Ogden, Utah. December 2, 1936. p. 8
626:Some special numbers are never allocated:
552:Individual Taxpayer Identification Numbers
454:9/11 Commission Implementation Act of 2004
360:The other reads "valid for work only with
36:
2772:"The Story of the Social Security Number"
2764:Social Security Cards Issued by Woolworth
2620:"LifeLock CEO's Identity Stolen 13 Times"
2309:"Can I change my Social Security number?"
1747:"Who Are the Ineligible EITC Recipients?"
1485:"The Story of the Social Security Number"
255:was originally a universal tax, but when
734:
2898:Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
2724:"Meaning of the Social Security Number"
2505:Program Operations Manual System (POMS)
2456:. Internal Revenue Service. May 2, 2018
2454:"Taxpayer Identification Numbers (TIN)"
1475:
1456:
3021:Social Security debate (United States)
2671:"Social Security Number Randomization"
2570:Noyes, Katherine (November 12, 2015).
2479:"Social Security Number Randomization"
2384:"Social Security Number Randomization"
1859:"Social Security Numbers For Children"
29:
2062:Mullen, Charles H. (March 18, 1998).
2041:"Social Security Number Not Required"
1745:Liebman, Jeffrey B. (December 2000).
288:Use required for federal tax purposes
42:A Social Security card issued by the
7:
3329:Social security in the United States
2888:Social Security Disability Insurance
2693:"Social Security Number Allocations"
2428:"Social Security Number Allocations"
720:List of Social Security area numbers
1810:"Social Security Number Chronology"
1673:Goldberg, Jack (October 17, 1993).
1445:Personally identifiable information
112:) is a nine-digit number issued to
2970:Social Security Amendments of 1965
2644:Vijayan, Jaikumar (May 19, 2010).
449:(EIN) to use on their tax return.
443:Preparer Tax Identification Number
349:persons with certain restrictions.
25:
2878:Disability Determination Services
1610:"First Applicant on Pension List"
2599:. Social Security Administration
2529:. Social Security Administration
2481:. Social Security Administration
2361:Social Security Administration.
2266:. Social Security Administration
1908:"DOD removes SSAN from ID cards"
1812:. Social Security Administration
528:; and the last four digits, the
213:Employee, patient, student, and
3324:National identification numbers
3073:National identification numbers
2838:Social Security (United States)
2285:Meyer, Bill (August 17, 2009).
2210:. News.cnet.com. Archived from
1935:. AmishNews.com. Archived from
1906:Garamone, Jim (April 4, 2011).
1887:. National Archives. 2016-08-15
1360:"Enumeration at Entry" program
600:even numbers from 02 through 08
597:even numbers from 10 through 98
370:Department of Homeland Security
278:national identification numbers
2985:Windfall Elimination Provision
2857:Social Security Administration
2759:Social Security Administration
2735:Social Security Administration
2341:Social Security Administration
2313:Social Security Administration
2183:Timmer, John (July 17, 2009).
2064:"Letter to Mr. Scott McDonald"
2014:Pear, Robert (July 26, 1998).
1639:Long, Wayne S. (Spring 1993).
1428:National identification number
729:
603:odd numbers from 11 through 99
594:odd numbers from 01 through 09
447:Employer Identification Number
332:Types of Social Security cards
326:Taxpayer Identification Number
147:national identification number
136:Social Security Administration
88:
64:Social Security Administration
1:
3334:Taxation in the United States
2883:Retirement Insurance Benefits
2733:. Vol. 45, no. 11.
1562:"Social Security: Chronology"
2893:Supplemental Security Income
2618:Zetter, Kim (May 18, 2010).
2142:"Employees' account numbers"
2043:. Scribd.com. April 29, 2008
1513:Kouri, Jim (March 9, 2005).
1352:(discontinued July 1, 1963)
3011:Office of the Chief Actuary
2975:Social Security Death Index
1435:(SIN) – Canadian equivalent
225:more complicated system of
75:; 87 years ago
3355:
2980:Social Security Trust Fund
2852:History of Social Security
2406:"The SSN Numbering Scheme"
2363:"The SSN Numbering Scheme"
1189:Pacific Ocean territories
401:Carnegie Mellon University
382:Government Printing Office
3080:
3026:Social Security Wage Base
2770:Puckett, Carolyn (2009).
1483:Pickett, Carolyn (2009).
1439:National Insurance number
1350:Railroad Retirement Board
44:Railroad Retirement Board
35:
3016:Primary Insurance Amount
2776:Social Security Bulletin
2731:Social Security Bulletin
1766:10.17310/ntj.2000.4S1.06
1720:"Tax Reform Act of 1986"
1489:Social Security Bulletin
1201:Northern Mariana Islands
670:SSNs used in advertising
439:Internal Revenue Service
229:that varied by service.
1989:Social Security History
1724:Social Security History
1648:Social Security Journal
1614:Ogden Standard Examiner
1588:Social Security History
1433:Social insurance number
586:The middle two digits,
18:Social Security numbers
3090:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2862:Social Security number
2697:Social Security Online
1691:10.1002/sim.4780121805
1679:Statistics in Medicine
1441:(NINO) – UK equivalent
686:
684:F.W. Woolworth Company
682:as distributed by the
610:The last four digits,
575:before or after 1973.
297:
249:
186:Tax Reform Act of 1986
178:Concord, New Hampshire
174:New Rochelle, New York
106:Social Security number
31:Social Security Number
2908:Unemployment benefits
1939:on September 14, 2008
1463:Group number 30 only.
1157:District of Columbia
677:
661:Exhaustion and re-use
301:Internal Revenue Code
295:
247:
2673:. SocialSecurity.gov
2408:. SocialSecurity.gov
2386:. Socialsecurity.gov
1865:on November 13, 2019
1754:National Tax Journal
1165:U.S. Virgin Islands
691:E. H. Ferree Company
680:Social Security card
240:Non-universal status
153:and other purposes.
91: of digits
2965:Social Security Act
2960:Revenue Act of 1942
2871:Assistance programs
1963:The Chippewa Herald
484:Replacement numbers
122:Social Security Act
118:permanent residents
32:
3339:Unique identifiers
2434:on August 25, 2019
2289:. The Plain Dealer
2020:The New York Times
1519:American Chronicle
695:Lockport, New York
687:
558:Previous structure
474:social engineering
395:Many citizens and
298:
250:
73:November 1936
3311:
3310:
3039:
3038:
3031:Years of coverage
2164:Government Office
1985:"Version History"
1965:. August 30, 1999
1685:(18): 1693–1702.
1423:Death Master File
1414:
1413:
730:Among its changes
304:of this title ."
222:U.S. Armed Forces
199:birth certificate
98:
97:
16:(Redirected from
3346:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3043:
2950:Disability fraud
2831:
2824:
2817:
2808:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2728:
2719:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2699:. Archived from
2689:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2593:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2475:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2338:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2265:
2257:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1995:on June 29, 2012
1981:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1855:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1842:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1790:
1784:. Archived from
1760:(4): 1165–1186.
1751:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1645:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1626:NewspaperArchive
1623:
1621:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1558:
1552:
1550:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1525:on June 29, 2012
1521:. Archived from
1510:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1480:
1464:
1461:
735:
678:The promotional
464:
282:driver's license
133:
131:§ 405(c)(2)
90:
83:
81:
76:
40:
33:
21:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3217:North Macedonia
3076:
3070:
3040:
3035:
2989:
2938:
2912:
2866:
2840:
2835:
2792:
2790:
2769:
2755:
2750:
2740:
2738:
2726:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2706:
2704:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2676:
2674:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2654:
2652:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2628:
2626:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2602:
2600:
2595:
2594:
2587:
2577:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2554:
2552:
2547:
2546:
2542:
2532:
2530:
2525:
2524:
2520:
2510:
2508:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2484:
2482:
2477:
2476:
2469:
2459:
2457:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2437:
2435:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2411:
2409:
2404:
2403:
2399:
2389:
2387:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2367:
2365:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2345:
2343:
2336:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2317:
2315:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2292:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2279:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2258:
2251:
2242:
2240:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2217:
2215:
2206:Broache, Anne.
2205:
2204:
2200:
2190:
2188:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2168:
2166:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2091:
2089:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2069:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2046:
2044:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2024:
2022:
2013:
2012:
2008:
1998:
1996:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1968:
1966:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1942:
1940:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1916:
1914:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1890:
1888:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1868:
1866:
1857:
1856:
1849:
1840:
1838:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1815:
1813:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1749:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1729:
1727:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1703:
1701:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1657:
1655:
1643:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1619:
1617:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1593:
1591:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1567:
1565:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1528:
1526:
1512:
1511:
1504:
1494:
1492:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1419:
1333:North Carolina
1283:South Carolina
869:South Carolina
861:North Carolina
845:North Carolina
738:SSN area number
722:
708:More recently,
672:
663:
620:
560:
518:
486:
457:
393:
334:
290:
262:Old Order Amish
253:Social Security
242:
227:service numbers
207:
205:Purpose and use
162:
125:
79:
77:
74:
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3352:
3350:
3342:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3316:
3315:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3298:United Kingdom
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3137:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3092:
3087:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3046:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2997:
2995:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2920:
2918:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2910:
2905:
2903:Ticket to Work
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2848:
2846:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2826:
2819:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2767:
2761:
2754:
2753:External links
2751:
2749:
2748:
2714:
2684:
2662:
2636:
2610:
2585:
2562:
2540:
2518:
2492:
2467:
2445:
2419:
2397:
2375:
2353:
2325:
2300:
2277:
2249:
2225:
2198:
2187:. Ars Technica
2175:
2151:
2133:
2129:§ 6109(a)
2116:
2112:§ 6109(d)
2099:
2077:
2054:
2032:
2006:
1976:
1950:
1924:
1898:
1876:
1847:
1823:
1801:
1737:
1711:
1665:
1631:
1601:
1575:
1553:
1536:
1502:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1436:
1430:
1425:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1195:American Samoa
1193:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1006:
1003:
999:
998:
995:
991:
990:
987:
983:
982:
979:
975:
974:
971:
967:
966:
963:
959:
958:
955:
951:
950:
947:
943:
942:
939:
935:
934:
931:
927:
926:
923:
919:
918:
915:
911:
910:
907:
903:
902:
899:
895:
894:
891:
887:
886:
883:
879:
878:
875:
871:
870:
867:
863:
862:
859:
855:
854:
853:West Virginia
851:
847:
846:
843:
839:
838:
835:
831:
830:
827:
823:
822:
819:
815:
814:
811:
807:
806:
803:
799:
798:
795:
791:
790:
787:
783:
782:
779:
775:
774:
773:Massachusetts
771:
767:
766:
763:
759:
758:
755:
751:
750:
749:New Hampshire
747:
743:
742:
739:
721:
718:
671:
668:
662:
659:
647:
646:
643:
638:-####, ###-##-
634:-##-####, ###-
619:
616:
612:serial numbers
605:
604:
601:
598:
595:
559:
556:
548:
547:
544:
543:randomization.
540:
517:
514:
510:
509:
502:
499:
496:
493:
485:
482:
408:identity theft
392:
391:Identity theft
389:
374:
373:
358:
351:
350:
347:
344:
341:
333:
330:
318:
317:
313:
289:
286:
241:
238:
206:
203:
161:
158:
124:, codified as
96:
95:
92:
85:
84:
71:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
53:
49:
48:
41:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3351:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3304:
3303:United States
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3135:Faroe Islands
3133:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3074:
3067:
3062:
3060:
3055:
3053:
3048:
3047:
3044:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2915:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2832:
2827:
2825:
2820:
2818:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2802:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2736:
2732:
2725:
2718:
2715:
2703:on 2005-08-30
2702:
2698:
2694:
2688:
2685:
2672:
2666:
2663:
2651:
2650:ComputerWorld
2647:
2640:
2637:
2625:
2621:
2614:
2611:
2598:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2573:
2566:
2563:
2550:
2544:
2541:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2506:
2502:
2496:
2493:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2433:
2429:
2423:
2420:
2407:
2401:
2398:
2385:
2379:
2376:
2364:
2357:
2354:
2342:
2335:
2329:
2326:
2314:
2310:
2304:
2301:
2288:
2281:
2278:
2262:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2239:
2235:
2229:
2226:
2214:on 2012-07-11
2213:
2209:
2202:
2199:
2186:
2179:
2176:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2147:
2143:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2103:
2100:
2087:
2081:
2078:
2065:
2058:
2055:
2042:
2036:
2033:
2021:
2017:
2010:
2007:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1980:
1977:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1913:
1909:
1902:
1899:
1886:
1880:
1877:
1864:
1860:
1854:
1852:
1848:
1837:
1833:
1827:
1824:
1811:
1805:
1802:
1791:on 2017-08-09
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1748:
1741:
1738:
1725:
1721:
1715:
1712:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1669:
1666:
1653:
1649:
1642:
1635:
1632:
1627:
1615:
1611:
1605:
1602:
1589:
1585:
1579:
1576:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1549:
1546:
1540:
1537:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1490:
1486:
1479:
1476:
1470:
1460:
1457:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1052:
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2782:(2): 55–74.
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1488:
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1386:Mississippi
1368:
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1227:Puerto Rico
1211:Mississippi
1173:Puerto Rico
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60:Organization
3262:South Korea
3212:New Zealand
3207:Netherlands
3001:Legacy debt
2917:Health care
2801:PDF version
2793:October 19,
2741:January 25,
2707:January 25,
2677:October 19,
2655:October 19,
2629:October 19,
2603:October 19,
2578:October 19,
2555:October 19,
2533:October 19,
2511:October 19,
2485:October 19,
2460:October 19,
2438:October 19,
2412:October 19,
2390:October 19,
2368:October 19,
2346:October 19,
2318:October 19,
2293:October 19,
2238:www.irs.gov
2218:October 19,
2191:October 19,
2146:www.gpo.gov
2092:October 19,
2070:October 19,
2047:October 19,
2025:October 19,
1999:October 19,
1969:October 19,
1943:October 19,
1917:October 19,
1891:October 19,
1869:October 19,
1836:www.irs.gov
1816:October 19,
1730:October 19,
1704:October 19,
1658:October 19,
1620:October 19,
1594:October 19,
1568:October 19,
1545:20 CFR
1529:October 19,
1495:October 19,
1267:New Mexico
1243:California
1181:New Mexico
1133:California
1117:Washington
1085:New Mexico
805:New Jersey
655:check digit
522:area number
459:20 CFR
3318:Categories
3202:Montenegro
3075:by country
2574:. PC World
2243:2021-02-20
2169:2022-12-27
1841:2024-06-16
1795:2024-04-01
1471:References
1394:Tennessee
1369:Not issued
1300:Not issued
1291:Louisiana
997:Minnesota
973:Louisiana
941:Tennessee
925:Wisconsin
710:Todd Davis
618:Valid SSNs
194:anti-fraud
70:Introduced
3278:Sri Lanka
3247:Singapore
3172:Indonesia
3157:Hong Kong
3140:Greenland
3085:Australia
2270:March 12,
2125:26 U.S.C.
2108:26 U.S.C.
1912:U.S. Army
1341:Virginia
1317:Arkansas
1275:Colorado
1077:Colorado
1037:Nebraska
1013:Missouri
981:Oklahoma
965:Arkansas
933:Kentucky
917:Michigan
909:Illinois
837:Virginia
829:Delaware
821:Maryland
797:New York
741:Location
699:Woolworth
583:numbers.
580:northeast
568:Baltimore
516:Structure
431:biometric
127:42 U.S.C.
3270:•
3252:Slovenia
3192:Malaysia
3110:Bulgaria
3102:•
3098:•
3094:Brazil (
3006:Numident
2929:Medicare
2924:Medicaid
2788:19697506
1782:35405024
1774:41789513
1417:See also
1410:Florida
1402:Arizona
1309:Georgia
1235:Arizona
1219:Florida
1093:Arizona
1069:Wyoming
1053:Montana
949:Alabama
901:Indiana
885:Florida
877:Georgia
765:Vermont
714:LifeLock
572:ZIP Code
550:Because
274:de facto
257:Medicare
166:New Deal
151:taxation
144:de facto
3266:Spain (
3257:Somalia
3177:Ireland
3162:Iceland
3130:Denmark
3125:Croatia
1699:8248662
1654:(1): 82
1548:422.103
1407:766–772
1399:764–765
1391:756–763
1383:752–755
1378:Hawaii
1375:750–751
1365:734–749
1357:729–733
1346:700–728
1338:691–699
1330:681–690
1325:Nevada
1314:676–679
1306:667–675
1288:659–665
1280:654–658
1272:650–653
1264:648–649
1256:646–647
1248:627–645
1240:602–626
1232:600–601
1224:596–599
1216:589–595
1208:587–588
1170:580–584
1154:577–579
1149:Hawaii
1146:575–576
1141:Alaska
1130:545–573
1125:Oregon
1122:540–544
1114:531–539
1109:Nevada
1098:528–529
1090:526–527
1074:521–524
1058:518–519
1050:516–517
1045:Kansas
1042:509–515
1034:505–508
1026:503–504
1018:501–502
1010:486–500
1002:478–485
994:468–477
986:449–467
978:440–448
970:433–439
962:429–432
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946:416–424
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930:400–407
922:387–399
914:362–386
906:318–361
898:303–317
890:268–302
882:261–267
874:252–260
866:247–251
858:237–246
850:232–236
834:223–231
826:221–222
818:212–220
810:159–211
802:135–158
794:050–134
786:040–049
778:035–039
770:010–034
762:008–009
754:004–007
746:001–003
462:422.103
397:privacy
328:(TIN).
312:person.
160:History
100:In the
80:1936-11
78: (
52:Acronym
46:in 1943
3293:Turkey
3288:Taiwan
3283:Sweden
3242:Serbia
3232:Russia
3227:Poland
3222:Norway
3197:Mexico
3147:France
3115:Canada
2786:
2127:
2110:
1780:
1772:
1697:
1251:Texas
1061:Idaho
989:Texas
757:Maine
422:, and
215:credit
129:
3187:Japan
3182:Italy
3167:India
3152:Ghana
3120:China
2994:Other
2934:SCHIP
2727:(PDF)
2624:Wired
2337:(PDF)
2264:(PDF)
1789:(PDF)
1778:S2CID
1770:JSTOR
1750:(PDF)
1644:(PDF)
1451:Notes
1259:Utah
1101:Utah
1005:Iowa
893:Ohio
424:loans
234:EDIPI
138:, an
3104:CNPJ
2955:FICA
2795:2018
2784:PMID
2743:2024
2709:2024
2679:2018
2657:2018
2631:2018
2605:2018
2580:2018
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2535:2018
2513:2018
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2320:2018
2295:2018
2272:2023
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2193:2018
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2001:2018
1971:2018
1945:2018
1919:2018
1893:2018
1871:2018
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1695:PMID
1660:2018
1622:2018
1596:2018
1570:2018
1531:2018
1497:2018
1192:Guam
640:0000
456:and
437:The
220:The
149:for
104:, a
3272:NIE
3268:DNI
3100:CPF
2943:Law
1762:doi
1687:doi
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1322:680
1296:666
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1178:585
1162:580
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