556:
a falcon; a large number of amulets and jewels of gold were upon his neck, and his head-piece of gold was upon him. The noble mummy of this King was completely bedecked with gold, and his coffins were adorned with gold and silver inside and out and inlaid with all kinds of precious stones. We collected the gold on the noble mummy of this god...and we collected all that we found on her (the Queen) likewise; and we set fire to their coffins. We took their furniture...consisting of articles of gold, silver and bronze, and divided them amongst ourselves...Then we crossed over to Thebes. And after some days the
District Superintendent of Thebes heard that we had been stealing in the west, and they seized me and imprisoned me in the office of the Mayor of Thebes. And I took the twenty
543:, state that this king's royal pyramid tomb was violated and destroyed by tomb robbers. The confessions and tomb robbery trials of the men responsible for the looting of Sekhemre Shedtawy Sobekemsaf's tomb are detailed in the latter papyrus which is dated to Year 16, III Peret day 22 of Ramesses IX. This document relates that a certain Amenpnufer, son of Anhernakhte, a stonemason from the Temple of Amun Re "fell into the habit of robbing the tombs in company with the stonemason Hapiwer" and mentions that they robbed Sobekemsaf's tomb along with six other accomplices in Year 13 of Ramesses IX. Amenpnufer confesses that they
506:—the first 17th Dynasty kings from the Ahmoside family line. Polz argues that Sekemre Wadjkhaw Sobekemsaf was instead the father of Sekhemre Shedtawy Sobekemsaf (II) and the grandfather of the Intef kings since a statue of Sekhemre Wadjkhaw Sobekemsaf shows that his eldest son was also named Sobekemsaf as Anthony Spalinger notes. This means that Sekhemre Wadjkhaw Sobekemsaf ruled on the throne before the Intef kings took power early in the 17th Dynasty—and that he would be
474:'s tomb at Dra Abu el Naga', strongly maintains that Nubkheperre Intef ruled very late in the 17th Dynasty, which means that Sekhemre Wadjkhau Sobekemsaf (I) cannot have intervened between the Intef line of kings and the Ahmoside family of kings: Senakhtenre, Seqenenre and Kamose. Polz's hypothesis that Nubkheperre Intef ruled late in the 17th Dynasty is supported "by the evidence of the box of Minemhat, who was governor of
332:
280:
199:
145:
652:, Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 10 (1924) 258 with n.1 & Thomas Schneider, "The Relative Chronology of the Middle Kingdom and the Hyksos Period (Dyns. 12-17)" in Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss & David Warburton (editors), Ancient Egyptian Chronology (Handbook of Oriental Studies), Brill, 2006. p.187
555:
Then we broke through the rubble...and we found this god (king) lying at the back of his burial-place. And we found that the burial-place of
Nubkhaes, his queen, situated beside him...We opened their sarcophagi and their coffins in which they were, and found the noble mummy of this King equipped with
510:
instead and the father of
Sobekemsaf II. Since Sekhemre Shedtawy Sobekemsaf (II) himself is known to be the father of Nubkheperre Intef, this means that both he and Sobekemsaf I ruled Egypt before Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef and Nubkheperre Intef assumed the throne. Sobekemsaf II would, therefore, be the
565:
Amenpnufer states that the treasures taken from the two royal mummies amounted to "160 deben of gold" or 32 lbs (14.5 kg). The document ends with the conviction of the thieves—with a probable death sentence—and notes that a copy of the official trial transcripts was dispatched to
Ramesses
560:
of gold which had fallen to me as my portion and gave them to
Khaemope, the scribe of the quarter attached to the landing place of Thebes. He released me, and I rejoined my companions, and they compensated me with a portion once again. Thus I, together, with other thieves who are with me, have
482:." This discovery strongly suggests that the reigns of Nubkheperre Intef and Seqenenre Tao were separated by only a few years in time rather than 15 to 20 years at a time when few pharaohs enjoyed long reigns in the 17th Dynasty. The late Middle Kingdom German Egyptologist
29:
628:
Daniel Polz, Der Beginn des Neuen
Reiches. Zur Vorgeschichte einer Zeitenwende. Sonderschriften des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo, 31. Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2007. pp.49-50
547:...went to rob the tombs...and we found the pyramid of Sekhemre Shedtaui, the son of Re Sebekemsaf, this being not at all like the pyramids and tombs of the nobles which we habitually went to rob.
4365:
661:
Detlef Franke, The Late Middle
Kingdom (Thirteenth to Seveenth Dynasties): The Chronological Framework, Journal of Egyptian History, Vol.1 No.2 (2008) Koninklijke Brill, p.279
4286:
751:
Franke, Detlef (2010). ""When the sun goes down..." – Early solar hymns on a pyramidion stela from the reign of
Sekhemra-shedtawy Sobekemsaf". In Marée, Marcel (ed.).
427:
His throne name, Sekhemre
Shedtawy, means "Powerful is Re; Rescuer of the Two Lands." It is now believed by Egyptologists that Sobekemsaf II was the father of both
28:
4301:
4296:
435:
based on an inscription carved on a doorjamb discovered in the ruins of a 17th
Dynasty temple at Gebel Antef in the early 1990s which was built under
4276:
4271:
4281:
4261:
4266:
4256:
2036:
1824:
4245:
3006:
2722:
1590:
850:
824:
760:
4360:
737:
561:
continued to this day in the practice of robbing the tombs of the nobles and the people of the land who rest in the west of Thebes.
732:
Kim Ryholt: The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period c.1800–1550 B.C, Museum Tuscalanum Press, 1997.
307:
257:
172:
169:
123:
3498:
304:
218:
176:
174:
87:
78:
4291:
3548:
3275:
3131:
551:
In his trial, Amenpnufer testifies that he and his companions dug a tunnel into the king's pyramid with their copper tools:
309:
301:
260:
166:
126:
3844:
3634:
3566:
3431:
3298:
3208:
3021:
1139:
3416:
3353:
2636:
787:
416:
392:
3777:
2886:
2798:
2283:
2060:
2051:
486:(1952–2007) also supported this view in an article which was published in 2008—a year after his death—where he wrote:
412:
4311:
3606:
2939:
2676:
2503:
2435:
1017:
408:
502:
Ryholt believed that Sekhemre Wadjkhaw Sobekemsaf intervened between the line of Intef kings and the accession of
4127:
1898:
719:, "Ancient Egyptians: The Kingdom of the Pharaohs brought to Life," Harper Collins Entertainment, 2003. pp.176-77
1972:
1743:
1605:
443:) He was in all likelihood the Prince Sobekemsaf who is attested as the son and designated successor of king
3812:
3727:
3704:
2021:
1883:
1820:
1609:
1409:
1225:
4316:
4306:
3854:
3833:
3752:
2666:
2526:
2136:
1770:
1730:
1524:
1466:
1350:
1154:
817:
794:
516:
428:
368:
69:
4326:
3802:
3767:
3747:
3737:
3699:
2203:
1557:
2299:
478:" in Year 3 of Nubkheperre Intef "which was part of the funerary equipment of an Aqher who lived under
462:, Sekhemre Shedtawy Sobekemsaf was buried along with his chief Queen Nubkhaes (II) in his royal tomb.
3827:
3782:
3155:
2783:
2718:
2571:
2566:
2273:
2268:
2121:
1547:
1335:
1214:
3817:
3792:
3757:
3694:
3069:
3044:
2248:
2243:
1667:
1098:
411:, when Egypt was fragmented and ruled by multiple kings. He was once thought to belong to the late
46:
245:
111:
4107:
4094:
3671:
2681:
2253:
2228:
1295:
1070:
503:
455:
4162:
4141:
4035:
4002:
3714:
3049:
2671:
2551:
2173:
2101:
1759:
1562:
1552:
1484:
810:
756:
733:
520:
495:
471:
436:
432:
372:
4341:
4168:
3996:
3762:
3516:
3099:
2396:
2292:
2233:
1657:
1637:
682:
4113:
4083:
4042:
3978:
3722:
3652:
3522:
2861:
2516:
2238:
1632:
1270:
1238:
1077:
649:
590:
536:
753:
The Second Intermediate Period (13th-17th Dynasties), Current Research, Future Prospects
4321:
4209:
4007:
3968:
3686:
3642:
3511:
2595:
2521:
2351:
2223:
2183:
1931:
1783:
1748:
1738:
1672:
1627:
1509:
1504:
1084:
1063:
1029:
532:
451:
617:
The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period c.1800–1550 B.C
439:. The doorjamb mentions a king Sobekem as the father of Nubkheperre Intef/Antef VII--(
4354:
3888:
3787:
3619:
3589:
3265:
3120:
2977:
2846:
2686:
2611:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2198:
2005:
1936:
1926:
1788:
1542:
1290:
1233:
1186:
1023:
982:
638:
606:
Peter Clayton, Chronicle of the Pharaohs, Thames and Hudson Ltd, paperback 2006. p.94
483:
479:
404:
3973:
3807:
3797:
3772:
3624:
3574:
3533:
3259:
3171:
3059:
2972:
2952:
2871:
2836:
2831:
2656:
2366:
2188:
2178:
2141:
2096:
2010:
2000:
1990:
1906:
1622:
1499:
1308:
1249:
1109:
1056:
961:
775:
574:, a punishment which "was reserved for the most heinous crimes" in Ancient Egypt.
557:
512:
444:
382:
59:
4077:
4022:
3873:
3822:
3742:
3614:
3506:
3488:
3446:
3357:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3192:
3176:
3149:
3114:
3104:
3039:
2992:
2982:
2967:
2957:
2904:
2866:
2841:
2821:
2811:
2577:
2561:
2536:
2531:
2331:
2258:
2168:
2151:
2106:
2081:
2015:
1995:
1980:
1962:
1692:
1687:
1494:
1321:
1301:
1115:
1049:
1040:
924:
567:
540:
459:
4194:
4148:
4101:
4056:
4028:
3849:
3732:
3657:
3584:
3473:
3288:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3198:
3186:
3166:
3139:
3109:
3089:
3034:
2987:
2962:
2894:
2856:
2826:
2816:
2556:
2356:
2346:
2116:
2111:
2076:
1985:
1957:
1778:
1682:
1677:
1662:
1647:
1455:
1449:
1363:
1091:
909:
846:
716:
707:
Peter Clayton, Chronicle of the Pharaohs, Thames & Hudson Ltd, 1994, p.171
571:
491:
4134:
4049:
4012:
3938:
3932:
3859:
3839:
3556:
3538:
3483:
3463:
3326:
3161:
3144:
3094:
2947:
2914:
2909:
2851:
2650:
2471:
2424:
2336:
2313:
2086:
1952:
1921:
1489:
1315:
1196:
933:
2376:
274:
139:
4204:
4199:
4188:
4155:
4070:
4063:
4017:
3989:
3983:
3948:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3528:
3468:
3311:
3283:
2876:
2806:
2618:
2604:
2584:
2546:
2458:
2403:
2361:
2193:
2163:
2126:
2071:
1916:
1793:
1698:
1642:
1537:
1444:
1438:
1427:
1393:
1277:
1263:
1256:
1243:
1207:
947:
4181:
4120:
3963:
3647:
3458:
3452:
3440:
3321:
3316:
3253:
3232:
3077:
3029:
2929:
2919:
2644:
2541:
2511:
2493:
2482:
2465:
2417:
2410:
2341:
2263:
1911:
1719:
1705:
1617:
1568:
1474:
1417:
1368:
1201:
1191:
1171:
1104:
954:
833:
782:
39:
4088:
3958:
3595:
3478:
3083:
3054:
2924:
2899:
2691:
2625:
2451:
2444:
2371:
2326:
2320:
2146:
2066:
1652:
1479:
1432:
1386:
1358:
1284:
1162:
1121:
1003:
968:
940:
4174:
3953:
3943:
3921:
3579:
2488:
2476:
2389:
2306:
2157:
2091:
1753:
1575:
1422:
1380:
1374:
1166:
1125:
996:
989:
975:
236:
3926:
3916:
3306:
3181:
2382:
1712:
1532:
1514:
1399:
1181:
1176:
1010:
475:
4234:
3351:
2716:
1818:
844:
806:
2131:
755:. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta. Peeters. pp. 283–302.
802:
570:. Amenpnufer himself would have been sentenced to death by
285:
150:
689:, Pan Books, London and Sydney, 8th printing:1977, p.135
494:, I see no place for a king Sobekemsaf who ruled after
33:
Sitting statuette of Sobekemsaf II, likely from Thebes.
470:
The German Egyptologist Daniel Polz, who rediscovered
415:, but is today believed to be placed as a king of the
293:
249:
158:
115:
3887:
3872:
3713:
3685:
3670:
3633:
3605:
3565:
3547:
3497:
3430:
3415:
3382:
3373:
3297:
3274:
3207:
3130:
3068:
3020:
3005:
2938:
2885:
2797:
2782:
2747:
2738:
2635:
2594:
2502:
2434:
2282:
2050:
2035:
1971:
1945:
1897:
1882:
1849:
1840:
1769:
1729:
1604:
1589:
1523:
1465:
1408:
1349:
1334:
1224:
1153:
1138:
1039:
923:
908:
875:
866:
388:
378:
364:
356:
217:
86:
65:
55:
45:
38:
21:
515:and the father of his two immediate successors:
553:
545:
818:
678:
676:
8:
4366:Pharaohs of the Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt
4231:
3884:
3682:
3427:
3379:
3370:
3348:
3017:
2794:
2744:
2735:
2713:
2047:
1894:
1846:
1837:
1815:
1601:
1346:
1150:
920:
872:
863:
841:
825:
811:
803:
769:
297:
253:
162:
119:
83:
27:
18:
539:Papyruses, which are dated to Year 16 of
619:, pp.266-270 394 File 17/4.6 & p.270
583:
7:
105:Mighty Re, savior of the two lands
14:
527:The robbery of Sobekemsaf's tomb
330:
278:
197:
143:
670:Anthony Spalinger, LÄ, V, 1032.
458:, which is dated to Year 16 of
401:Sekhemre Shedtawy Sobekemsaf II
1:
3845:Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator
466:Placement in the 17th Dynasty
407:king who reigned during the
225:
94:
441:Antef begotten of Sobekem...
417:Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt
22:Sekhemre Shedtawy Sobekemsaf
3778:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
4382:
2677:Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef
2061:Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep
1825:Second Intermediate Period
409:Second Intermediate Period
321:
288:
188:
153:
88:Prenomen (Praenomen)
4339:
4241:
4230:
4128:Lucius Mussius Aemilianus
3818:Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos
3369:
3347:
2734:
2723:Third Intermediate Period
2712:
1836:
1814:
862:
851:First Intermediate Period
840:
791:
780:
772:
615:mentioned by Kim Ryholt:
292:
224:
157:
93:
75:
26:
4361:16th-century BC pharaohs
3840:Cleopatra VII Philopator
2097:Ameny Antef Amenemhet VI
855: (<3150–2040 BC)
447:on Cairo Statue CG 386.
3813:Ptolemy XI Alexander II
3728:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
2022:Seankhibtawy Seankhibra
456:Leopold-Amherst Papyrus
3855:Ptolemy XIV Philopator
3834:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
3828:Berenice IV Epiphaneia
3783:Ptolemy VIII Euergetes
3753:Arsinoe III Philopator
2667:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef
2137:Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw
2077:Sekhemkare Amenemhat V
1668:Neferkare VI Pepiseneb
795:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef
563:
549:
517:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef
429:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef
369:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef
70:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef
3803:Ptolemy X Alexander I
3768:Ptolemy VI Philometor
3748:Ptolemy IV Philopator
3743:Berenice II Euergetes
3738:Ptolemy III Euergetes
3700:Philip III Arrhidaeus
2209:Khahotepre Sobekhotep
2204:Merhotepre Sobekhotep
1558:Merenre Nemtyemsaf II
393:17th Dynasty of Egypt
4236:Dynastic genealogies
3860:Ptolemy XV Caesarion
3156:Tutkheperre Shoshenq
3070:High Priests of Amun
2572:Merankhre Mentuhotep
2274:Seheqenre Sankhptahi
2269:Sewadjare Mentuhotep
2122:Khaankhre Sobekhotep
1829: (2040–1550 BC)
1548:Merenre Nemtyemsaf I
698:Cottrell, pp.135-136
526:
3758:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
3695:Alexander the Great
2727: (1550–664 BC)
2249:Mershepsesre Ini II
2244:Merkawre Sobekhotep
1638:Neferkare IV Khendu
788:Seventeenth Dynasty
4095:Trebonianus Gallus
2682:Senakhtenre Ahmose
2300:Ya'ammu Nubwoserre
2254:Sewahenre Senebmiu
2229:Sankhenre Sewadjtu
1658:Neferkare V Tereru
1628:Neferkare III Neby
1296:Sekhemib-Perenmaat
595:A History of Egypt
413:Thirteenth Dynasty
98:Sekhemre Shedtawy
4348:
4347:
4335:
4334:
4226:
4225:
4222:
4221:
4218:
4217:
4142:Claudius Gothicus
4036:Severus Alexander
4003:Septimius Severus
3868:
3867:
3666:
3665:
3411:
3410:
3343:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3050:Osorkon the Elder
3001:
3000:
2778:
2777:
2708:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2672:Nubkheperre Intef
2552:Sekhemre Shedwast
2174:Sehetepkare Intef
2102:Semenkare Nebnuni
2031:
2030:
1878:
1877:
1810:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1585:
1584:
1563:Netjerkare Siptah
1485:Neferirkare Kakai
1330:
1329:
1134:
1133:
904:
903:
801:
800:
792:Succeeded by
687:The Lost Pharaohs
597:, vol. I, p. 223.
521:Nubkheperre Intef
496:Nubkheperra Antef
472:Nubkheperre Intef
450:According to the
437:Nubkheperre Intef
433:Nubkheperre Intef
398:
397:
373:Nubkheperre Intef
350:
349:
346:
345:
342:
341:
338:
337:
325:
324:
317:
316:
313:
312:
269:
268:
265:
264:
213:
212:
209:
208:
205:
204:
192:
191:
184:
183:
180:
179:
134:
133:
130:
129:
101:Sḫm-Rˁ-šd-t3.w(j)
4373:
4342:List of pharaohs
4232:
3997:Pescennius Niger
3885:
3881:
3880:
3793:Ptolemy IX Soter
3763:Cleopatra I Syra
3683:
3679:
3678:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3380:
3371:
3364:
3363:
3349:
3100:Djedkhonsuefankh
3018:
3014:
3013:
2795:
2791:
2790:
2765:
2760:
2745:
2736:
2729:
2728:
2714:
2307:Qareh Khawoserre
2293:Yakbim Sekhaenre
2234:Mersekhemre Ined
2048:
2044:
2043:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1847:
1838:
1831:
1830:
1816:
1602:
1598:
1597:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1151:
1147:
1146:
921:
917:
916:
873:
864:
857:
856:
842:
827:
820:
813:
804:
783:Pharaoh of Egypt
773:Preceded by
770:
766:
720:
714:
708:
705:
699:
696:
690:
683:Leonard Cottrell
680:
671:
668:
662:
659:
653:
647:
641:
635:
629:
626:
620:
613:
607:
604:
598:
588:
334:
333:
298:
294:
286:
282:
281:
275:
254:
250:
246:
226:
201:
200:
163:
159:
151:
147:
146:
140:
120:
116:
112:
95:
84:
31:
19:
4381:
4380:
4376:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4351:
4350:
4349:
4344:
4331:
4237:
4214:
4114:Macrianus Minor
4043:Maximinus Thrax
3979:Marcus Aurelius
3878:
3877:
3876:
3864:
3723:Ptolemy I Soter
3709:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3662:
3629:
3601:
3561:
3543:
3523:Psammetichus IV
3493:
3421:
3420:
3419:
3407:
3385:
3376:
3365:
3362:(664 BC–313 AD)
3361:
3360:
3331:
3293:
3270:
3266:Menkheperre Ini
3203:
3126:
3064:
3011:
3010:
3009:
2997:
2934:
2881:
2862:Neferneferuaten
2788:
2787:
2786:
2774:
2773:
2763:
2758:
2757:Pharaohs
2750:
2741:
2730:
2726:
2725:
2696:
2631:
2590:
2517:Sobekhotep VIII
2498:
2430:
2278:
2239:Sewadjkare Hori
2041:
2040:
2039:
2027:
1967:
1941:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1874:
1852:
1843:
1832:
1828:
1827:
1798:
1765:
1725:
1633:Djedkare Shemai
1595:
1594:
1593:
1581:
1519:
1461:
1404:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1326:
1220:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1130:
1035:
914:
913:
912:
900:
878:
869:
858:
854:
853:
836:
831:
797:
786:
778:
763:
750:
747:
745:Further reading
740:, 393 File 17/2
729:
724:
723:
715:
711:
706:
702:
697:
693:
681:
674:
669:
665:
660:
656:
650:Herbert Winlock
648:
644:
636:
632:
627:
623:
614:
610:
605:
601:
591:Flinders Petrie
589:
585:
580:
537:Leopold-Amherst
529:
468:
425:
352:
351:
331:
308:
279:
261:
234:
230:
198:
175:
173:
144:
103:
99:
81:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4379:
4377:
4369:
4368:
4363:
4353:
4352:
4346:
4345:
4340:
4337:
4336:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4251:
4248:
4242:
4239:
4238:
4235:
4228:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4220:
4219:
4216:
4215:
4213:
4212:
4210:Maximinus Daza
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4185:
4178:
4171:
4166:
4159:
4152:
4145:
4138:
4131:
4124:
4117:
4110:
4105:
4098:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4074:
4067:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4039:
4032:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3993:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3969:Antoninus Pius
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3893:
3891:
3882:
3879:(30 BC–313 AD)
3870:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3719:
3717:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3691:
3689:
3680:
3668:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3661:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3643:Artaxerxes III
3639:
3637:
3631:
3630:
3628:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3611:
3609:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3571:
3569:
3563:
3562:
3560:
3559:
3553:
3551:
3545:
3544:
3542:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3519:
3514:
3512:Petubastis III
3509:
3503:
3501:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3449:
3444:
3436:
3434:
3425:
3413:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3405:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3395:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3377:
3374:
3367:
3366:
3352:
3345:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3303:
3301:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3291:
3286:
3280:
3278:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3268:
3263:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3213:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3196:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3136:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3124:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3080:
3074:
3072:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3026:
3024:
3015:
3007:3 Intermediate
3003:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2944:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2891:
2889:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2803:
2801:
2792:
2789:(1550–1070 BC)
2780:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2742:
2739:
2732:
2731:
2717:
2710:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2647:
2641:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2622:
2615:
2608:
2600:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2522:Neferhotep III
2519:
2514:
2508:
2506:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2448:
2440:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2421:
2414:
2407:
2400:
2393:
2386:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2352:Sewadjkare III
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2321:Maaibre Sheshi
2317:
2314:'Ammu Ahotepre
2310:
2303:
2296:
2288:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2224:Merhotepre Ini
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2184:Sobekhotep III
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2056:
2054:
2045:
2042:(1802–1550 BC)
2037:2 Intermediate
2033:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1977:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1932:Mentuhotep III
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1903:
1901:
1892:
1889:(2040–1802 BC)
1884:Middle Kingdom
1880:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1834:
1833:
1821:Middle Kingdom
1819:
1812:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1784:Neferkare VIII
1781:
1775:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1763:
1756:
1751:
1749:Nebkaure Khety
1746:
1741:
1739:Meryibre Khety
1735:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1723:
1716:
1709:
1702:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1673:Neferkamin Anu
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1614:
1612:
1599:
1596:(2181–2040 BC)
1591:1 Intermediate
1587:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1572:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1529:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1510:Djedkare Isesi
1507:
1505:Menkauhor Kaiu
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1469:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1459:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1414:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1397:
1390:
1383:
1378:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1355:
1353:
1344:
1341:(2686–2181 BC)
1332:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1312:
1305:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1281:
1274:
1267:
1260:
1253:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1230:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1211:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1159:
1157:
1148:
1145:(3150–2686 BC)
1140:Early Dynastic
1136:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1128:
1119:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1095:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1060:
1053:
1045:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1026:
1021:
1014:
1007:
1000:
993:
986:
979:
972:
965:
958:
951:
944:
937:
929:
927:
918:
906:
905:
902:
901:
899:
898:
893:
892:
891:
888:
881:
879:
876:
870:
867:
860:
859:
845:
838:
837:
832:
830:
829:
822:
815:
807:
799:
798:
793:
790:
779:
774:
768:
767:
762:978-9042922280
761:
746:
743:
742:
741:
728:
725:
722:
721:
709:
700:
691:
672:
663:
654:
642:
630:
621:
608:
599:
582:
581:
579:
576:
528:
525:
500:
499:
467:
464:
452:Abbott Papyrus
424:
421:
396:
395:
390:
386:
385:
380:
376:
375:
366:
362:
361:
358:
354:
353:
348:
347:
344:
343:
340:
339:
336:
335:
328:
326:
323:
322:
319:
318:
315:
314:
311:
310:
305:
302:
290:
289:
283:
272:
270:
267:
266:
263:
262:
258:
242:
241:
222:
221:
215:
214:
211:
210:
207:
206:
203:
202:
195:
193:
190:
189:
186:
185:
182:
181:
178:
177:
170:
167:
155:
154:
148:
137:
135:
132:
131:
128:
127:
124:
108:
107:
91:
90:
82:
79:Royal titulary
77:
76:
73:
72:
67:
63:
62:
57:
53:
52:
49:
43:
42:
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4378:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4343:
4338:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4243:
4240:
4233:
4229:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4179:
4177:
4176:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4164:
4160:
4158:
4157:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4146:
4144:
4143:
4139:
4137:
4136:
4132:
4130:
4129:
4125:
4123:
4122:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4103:
4099:
4097:
4096:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4079:
4075:
4073:
4072:
4068:
4066:
4065:
4061:
4059:
4058:
4054:
4052:
4051:
4047:
4045:
4044:
4040:
4038:
4037:
4033:
4031:
4030:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3998:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3934:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3886:
3883:
3875:
3871:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3788:Cleopatra III
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3716:
3712:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3681:
3673:
3669:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3636:
3632:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3598:
3597:
3593:
3591:
3590:Nepherites II
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3568:
3564:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3552:
3550:
3546:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3496:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3433:
3429:
3426:
3418:
3414:
3404:
3401:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3381:
3378:
3372:
3368:
3359:
3355:
3350:
3346:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3296:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3273:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3206:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3194:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3123:
3122:
3121:Psusennes III
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3067:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3016:
3012:(1069–664 BC)
3008:
3004:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2978:Ramesses VIII
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2847:Amenhotep III
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2785:
2781:
2770:
2767:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2752:
2746:
2743:
2737:
2733:
2724:
2720:
2715:
2711:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2687:Seqenenre Tao
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2662:Sobekemsaf II
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2623:
2621:
2620:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2612:Wepwawetemsaf
2609:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2501:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2399:
2398:
2394:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2311:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2219:Merneferre Ay
2217:
2215:
2214:Wahibre Ibiau
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2199:Sobekhotep IV
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2049:
2046:
2038:
2034:
2024:
2023:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2006:Amenemhat III
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1937:Mentuhotep IV
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1927:Mentuhotep II
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1885:
1881:
1871:
1868:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1848:
1845:
1839:
1835:
1826:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1789:Wahkare Khety
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1744:Neferkare VII
1742:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1600:
1592:
1588:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1337:
1333:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1291:Seth-Peribsen
1289:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1234:Hotepsekhemwy
1232:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1141:
1137:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1025:
1024:Double Falcon
1022:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1006:
1005:
1001:
999:
998:
994:
992:
991:
987:
985:
984:
980:
978:
977:
973:
971:
970:
966:
964:
963:
959:
957:
956:
952:
950:
949:
945:
943:
942:
938:
936:
935:
931:
930:
928:
926:
922:
919:
915:(pre-3150 BC)
911:
910:Protodynastic
907:
897:
894:
889:
886:
885:
883:
882:
880:
874:
871:
865:
861:
852:
848:
847:Protodynastic
843:
839:
835:
828:
823:
821:
816:
814:
809:
808:
805:
796:
789:
785:
784:
777:
771:
764:
758:
754:
749:
748:
744:
739:
738:87-7289-421-0
735:
731:
730:
726:
718:
713:
710:
704:
701:
695:
692:
688:
684:
679:
677:
673:
667:
664:
658:
655:
651:
646:
643:
640:
639:Coptos Decree
634:
631:
625:
622:
618:
612:
609:
603:
600:
596:
592:
587:
584:
577:
575:
573:
569:
562:
559:
552:
548:
544:
542:
538:
534:
524:
522:
518:
514:
509:
505:
497:
493:
489:
488:
487:
485:
484:Detlef Franke
481:
477:
473:
465:
463:
461:
457:
453:
448:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
422:
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
394:
391:
387:
384:
381:
377:
374:
370:
367:
363:
359:
355:
329:
327:
320:
306:
303:
300:
299:
296:
295:
291:
287:
284:
277:
276:
273:
271:
259:
256:
255:
252:
251:
248:
247:
244:
243:
240:
238:
233:
228:
227:
223:
220:
216:
196:
194:
187:
171:
168:
165:
164:
161:
160:
156:
152:
149:
142:
141:
138:
136:
125:
122:
121:
118:
117:
114:
113:
110:
109:
106:
102:
97:
96:
92:
89:
85:
80:
74:
71:
68:
64:
61:
58:
54:
50:
48:
44:
41:
37:
30:
25:
20:
16:Egyptian king
4187:
4180:
4173:
4161:
4154:
4147:
4140:
4133:
4126:
4119:
4112:
4100:
4093:
4076:
4069:
4062:
4055:
4048:
4041:
4034:
4027:
3995:
3988:
3974:Lucius Verus
3931:
3832:
3808:Berenice III
3798:Cleopatra IV
3773:Cleopatra II
3705:Alexander IV
3625:Nectanebo II
3594:
3575:Nepherites I
3534:Artaxerxes I
3521:
3451:
3439:
3422:(664–332 BC)
3402:
3358:Roman Period
3260:Shoshenq VII
3258:
3231:
3191:
3172:Shoshenq III
3154:
3119:
3082:
3060:Psusennes II
2973:Ramesses VII
2953:Ramesses III
2837:Amenhotep II
2832:Thutmose III
2768:
2661:
2657:Sobekemsaf I
2649:
2624:
2617:
2610:
2603:
2583:
2576:
2481:
2464:
2459:'Aper-'Anati
2457:
2450:
2443:
2423:
2416:
2409:
2402:
2395:
2388:
2381:
2367:Sekheperenre
2319:
2312:
2305:
2298:
2291:
2189:Neferhotep I
2179:Seth Meribre
2156:
2142:Djedkheperew
2059:
2020:
2011:Amenemhat IV
2001:Senusret III
1991:Amenemhat II
1907:Mentuhotep I
1869:
1758:
1718:
1711:
1704:
1697:
1623:Neferkare II
1574:
1567:
1500:Nyuserre Ini
1454:
1437:
1392:
1385:
1373:
1314:
1309:Neferkasokar
1307:
1300:
1283:
1276:
1269:
1262:
1255:
1248:
1213:
1206:
1114:
1097:
1090:
1083:
1076:
1069:
1062:
1057:Finger Snail
1055:
1048:
1028:
1016:
1009:
1002:
995:
988:
981:
974:
967:
960:
953:
946:
939:
932:
895:
781:
776:Sobekemsaf I
752:
727:Bibliography
712:
703:
694:
686:
666:
657:
645:
633:
624:
616:
611:
602:
594:
586:
564:
554:
550:
546:
530:
513:Sobekemsaf I
508:Sobekemsaf I
507:
501:
490:Contrary to
469:
449:
445:Sobekemsaf I
440:
426:
400:
399:
383:Sobekemsaf I
239:protects him
235:
231:
104:
100:
60:Sobekemsaf I
4078:Gordian III
4023:Diadumenian
3823:Cleopatra V
3677:(332–30 BC)
3672:Hellenistic
3615:Nectanebo I
3507:Cambyses II
3489:Psamtik III
3447:Tefnakht II
3249:Takelot III
3244:Osorkon III
3239:Shoshenq VI
3193:Pedubast II
3177:Shoshenq IV
3150:Shoshenq II
3115:Pinedjem II
3105:Menkheperre
3040:Psusennes I
2993:Ramesses XI
2983:Ramesses IX
2968:Ramesses VI
2958:Ramesses IV
2905:Ramesses II
2867:Tutankhamun
2842:Thutmose IV
2822:Thutmose II
2812:Amenhotep I
2784:New Kingdom
2719:New Kingdom
2578:Senusret IV
2562:Dedumose II
2537:Nebiriau II
2532:Nebiryraw I
2527:Mentuhotepi
2332:Khakherewre
2259:Merkheperre
2169:Imyremeshaw
2152:Sedjefakare
2107:Sehetepibre
2082:Ameny Qemau
2016:Sobekneferu
1996:Senusret II
1981:Amenemhat I
1963:Iyibkhentre
1693:Neferirkare
1688:Neferkauhor
1495:Shepseskare
1336:Old Kingdom
1322:Khasekhemwy
1302:Neferkara I
1271:Weneg-Nebty
1116:Scorpion II
568:Lower Egypt
541:Ramesses IX
504:Senakhtenre
460:Ramesses IX
423:Attestation
360:Nubkhaes II
56:Predecessor
4355:Categories
4195:Diocletian
4149:Quintillus
4102:Aemilianus
4057:Gordian II
4029:Elagabalus
3850:Arsinoe IV
3733:Arsinoe II
3658:Darius III
3585:Psammuthes
3474:Psamtik II
3289:Bakenranef
3227:Pedubast I
3222:Takelot II
3217:Harsiese A
3199:Osorkon IV
3187:Shoshenq V
3167:Osorkon II
3140:Shoshenq I
3110:Smendes II
3090:Pinedjem I
3035:Amenemnisu
2988:Ramesses X
2963:Ramesses V
2915:Amenmesses
2895:Ramesses I
2857:Smenkhkare
2827:Hatshepsut
2817:Thutmose I
2567:Montuemsaf
2557:Dedumose I
2357:Nebdjefare
2347:Merdjefare
2117:Nedjemibre
2112:Sewadjkare
1986:Senusret I
1958:Qakare Ini
1779:Meryhathor
1683:Neferkaure
1678:Qakare Iby
1663:Neferkahor
1648:Neferkamin
1456:Thamphthis
1450:Shepseskaf
1364:Sekhemkhet
1215:Horus Bird
1092:Scorpion I
717:Anton Gill
578:References
572:impalement
232:Sbk m s3=f
229:Sobekemsaf
51:c.1570s BC
4327:Ptolemaic
4135:Gallienus
4050:Gordian I
4013:Caracalla
3939:Vespasian
3933:Vitellius
3715:Ptolemaic
3557:Amyrtaeus
3539:Darius II
3484:Ahmose II
3464:Psamtik I
3403:uncertain
3391:Pharaohs
3327:Tanutamun
3162:Takelot I
3145:Osorkon I
3095:Masaharta
3045:Amenemope
2948:Setnakhte
2910:Merneptah
2852:Akhenaten
2769:uncertain
2651:Nebmaatre
2472:Sakir-Har
2425:Yaqub-Har
2337:Nebefawre
2087:Hotepibre
1953:Segerseni
1922:Intef III
1870:uncertain
1858:Pharaohs
1490:Neferefre
1316:Hudjefa I
1197:Semerkhet
934:Hedju Hor
896:uncertain
884:Pharaohs
480:Seqenenre
66:Successor
4287:21 to 23
4205:Galerius
4200:Maximian
4189:Numerian
4156:Aurelian
4108:Valerian
4071:Balbinus
4064:Pupienus
4018:Macrinus
3990:Pertinax
3984:Commodus
3949:Domitian
3912:Claudius
3907:Caligula
3902:Tiberius
3897:Augustus
3517:Darius I
3469:Necho II
3312:Shebitku
3284:Tefnakht
2877:Horemheb
2807:Ahmose I
2619:Pantjeny
2605:Senebkay
2585:Pepi III
2547:Bebiankh
2404:Shenshek
2362:Nebsenre
2194:Sihathor
2164:Khendjer
2127:Renseneb
2072:Nerikare
1917:Intef II
1794:Merykare
1699:Wadjkare
1643:Merenhor
1538:Userkare
1445:Menkaure
1439:Bikheris
1428:Djedefre
1394:Qahedjet
1278:Wadjenes
1264:Horus Sa
1257:Nubnefer
1244:Nynetjer
1208:Sneferka
948:Ni-Neith
834:Pharaohs
637:see the
454:and the
405:Egyptian
365:Children
4182:Carinus
4163:Tacitus
4121:Quietus
3964:Hadrian
3648:Khabash
3479:Wahibre
3459:Necho I
3453:Nekauba
3441:Ammeris
3384:Dynasty
3322:Taharqa
3317:Shabaka
3254:Rudamun
3233:Iuput I
3078:Herihor
3030:Smendes
2930:Twosret
2920:Seti II
2764:female)
2749:Dynasty
2645:Rahotep
2542:Semenre
2512:Djehuti
2494:Khamudi
2483:Yanassi
2466:Salitis
2418:Yakareb
2411:Khamure
2342:Sehebre
2264:Merkare
1912:Intef I
1851:Dynasty
1760:Imhotep
1720:Iytjenu
1706:Khuiqer
1618:Menkare
1569:Neferka
1553:Pepi II
1475:Userkaf
1369:Sanakht
1192:Anedjib
1172:Hor-Aha
1105:Iry-Hor
1099:Shendjw
1071:Pen-Abu
955:Hat-Hor
877:Dynasty
511:son of
403:was an
389:Dynasty
357:Consort
40:Pharaoh
4322:Argead
4169:Probus
4089:Decius
4084:Philip
3959:Trajan
3687:Argead
3596:Muthis
3549:XXVIII
3529:Xerxes
3397:female
3375:Period
3084:Piankh
3055:Siamun
2925:Siptah
2900:Seti I
2740:Period
2692:Kamose
2626:Snaaib
2596:Abydos
2452:Semqen
2445:Sharek
2397:Sheneh
2377:'Apepi
2372:Bebnum
2327:Nehesy
2147:Sebkay
2067:Sonbef
1864:female
1842:Period
1653:Nikare
1543:Pepi I
1480:Sahure
1433:Khafre
1418:Snefru
1387:Sedjes
1359:Djoser
1285:Senedj
1163:Narmer
1122:Narmer
1004:Wazner
969:Hsekiu
941:Ny-Hor
890:female
868:Period
759:
736:
566:IX in
533:Abbott
492:Ryholt
476:Coptos
379:Father
4175:Carus
3954:Nerva
3944:Titus
3922:Galba
3889:XXXIV
3874:Roman
3653:Arses
3580:Hakor
3499:XXVII
3209:XXIII
2799:XVIII
2759:(male
2489:Apepi
2477:Khyan
2390:Wazad
2158:Wegaf
2092:Iufni
1946:Nubia
1754:Setut
1576:Nefer
1423:Khufu
1381:Khaba
1375:Nebka
1239:Nebra
1167:Menes
1126:Menes
1078:Stork
1041:Upper
997:Neheb
990:Thesh
976:Khayu
925:Lower
558:deben
237:Sobek
219:Nomen
47:Reign
4008:Geta
3927:Otho
3917:Nero
3635:XXXI
3620:Teos
3567:XXIX
3432:XXVI
3417:Late
3394:male
3354:Late
3307:Piye
3276:XXIV
3182:Pami
3132:XXII
2721:and
2637:XVII
2383:Nuya
2052:XIII
1861:male
1823:and
1713:Khui
1610:VIII
1533:Teti
1515:Unas
1400:Huni
1202:Qa'a
1182:Djet
1177:Djer
1085:Bull
1064:Fish
1030:Wash
1011:Mekh
887:male
757:ISBN
734:ISBN
535:and
531:The
519:and
431:and
3607:XXX
3356:to
3299:XXV
3022:XXI
2887:XIX
2504:XVI
2284:XIV
2132:Hor
1973:XII
1606:VII
1351:III
1187:Den
983:Tiu
849:to
4357::
4317:31
4312:30
4307:27
4302:26
4297:25
4292:24
4282:20
4277:19
4272:18
4267:12
4262:11
2940:XX
2872:Ay
2436:XV
1899:XI
1731:IX
1525:VI
1410:IV
1250:Ba
1226:II
1165:/
1124:/
1110:Ka
962:Pu
685:,
675:^
593:,
523:.
419:.
371:,
4257:4
4253:3
4250:2
4246:1
1771:X
1608:/
1467:V
1155:I
1050:A
1018:A
826:e
819:t
812:v
765:.
498:.
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