1428:
watching the taping on a remote monitor. While Chris was gone, the camera and microphones were left on on-stage, and so the press was accidentally privy to the intimate conversation. Courtney complained she felt like a deer in the headlights, and said she'd expected at least one of the women to come to her defense. "But I didn't play with my hair once. Aren't you proud?" she added. "Yes," the producer replied. "That was good." The staffer tried to distract
Courtney by talking to her about the kind of cigarettes she smokes -- American Spirits, apparently -- and the model soon began to feel better. "I'm not feeling very emotional anymore," she said, her tears dispersing. "You made me feel better. I appreciate it." Then, she began to worry about coming off as too cold: "I don't know if I can show that emotion again," she fretted. "You have to," the producer said. "This is you. This is for you and Ben."
239:, which shows cars in poor condition being restored and customized in order to match their owners' interests, have stated that elements of the show were faked. These include cars getting their paint removed and additional litter put in before taping in order to make their starting condition look worse; cars getting outfitted with elements that were removed right after taping, like a robotic arm; and contestants being coached to act very enthusiastically after the final "reveal". Participants have also said that the overhaul process, implied in the show to last no more than a few days, actually lasted 6–8 months.
731:(where the Gosselins resided) regarding a child's appearance on a reality show. However, Pennsylvania law permits children who are at least seven years old to work in the entertainment industry, as long as certain guidelines are followed and a permit is obtained. For example, children may not work after 11:30 PM under most circumstances, or perform in any location that serves alcohol. Both parents defended the children's involvement, stating they were happy and healthy. TLC released a statement saying that the network "fully complies with all applicable laws and regulations" to produce the show.
338:, filed a lawsuit against A&E in December 2012, saying that he was fired after he complained to the network and the production company that produces the show that the series is staged. According to Hester, the items that are seen in the abandoned storage containers that are acquired by the series' cast are appraised in advance before being planted in the containers by A&E, which pays for storage lockers for "weaker" cast members, scripts the cast member interviews, and stages the auctions seen on the show. A&E denied the accusation, saying that the show is entirely authentic.
498:("If I Were"), which follows young, middle-class people as they are temporarily placed into lower-class life, where they learn to appreciate their circumstances back home by experiencing daily life for the less fortunate. Critics have claimed that this and similar programs in Indonesia reinforce traditionally Western ideals of materialism and consumerism. However, Eko Nugroho, reality show producer and president of Dreamlight World Media, insists that these reality shows are not promoting American lifestyles but rather reaching people through their universal desires.
302:
realize that editing is what makes the show... You'll hear someone make one comment and then they'll show a clip of somebody's face to make it look like that is their facial reaction to that statement, but really, somebody made that face the day before to something else. It's just piecing things together to make a story." Parris also stated that producers "bully" and berate contestants into saying specific things to the camera that the contestants do not wish to say. Fleiss stated in an appearance on
1770:
748:, child psychologist Alan Zimmerman said, "Using your family or children to please the masses, or producers of mass entertainment who want ratings and a good bottom line, is inherently risky They are by definition a commodity in a profit-oriented business." The same article quoted psychologist Jamie Huysman as saying, "It is exploitation Nobody wants to watch normal behavior. Kids have to be co-conspirators to get the camera to stay on."
267:" in between, and instructed to improvise, which Hogan says is a version of what he did as a professional wrestler. According to Hogan, this would result in behavior that members of his family would never exhibit in real life, as when his son, Nick tossed water balloons at neighbors from a window, or when his wife would wake up early to apply makeup and do her hair before camera crews arrived to film shots of the couple sleeping.
760:
1398:"We are very careful in our casting to develop characters that the audience is going to root for and root against." Fleiss admits that his show has less to do with "reality" than it does making good television. Which is all fine and good… if a few moments later he hadn't claimed that the whole premise was romance and the search for love.
35:
of events that have occurred. Critics have argued that reality television shows reflect reality in ways that are deceptive or even fraudulent through misleading editing, coaching participants on what to say and how to behave, generating storylines ahead of time, and staging or re-staging scenes for the cameras.
688:
to believe that Hicks was in fact the prince, including being isolated in hotel rooms with no means of entertainment or communication for the week prior to filming and having a therapist (actually a member of the production crew) come on set and consult with contestants who still weren't convinced of
314:
Season 16, what should have been a private conversation between contestant
Courtney Robertson and one of the show's producers went public when the microphones were accidentally left on in between camera takes. The leaked conversation revealed the producer's role as an acting coach who was encouraging
301:
Season 4 winner, Jesse
Csincsak, stated that contestants on those series are required to follow producers' orders, and that storylines are fabricated in the editing room. Season 13 participants Megan Parris related, "I don't think showed any real conversation I had with anyone... The viewers fail to
175:, president of the Writers Guild of America-West, stated in 2004, "We look at reality TV, which is billed as unscripted, and we know it is scripted. We understand that shows don't want to call the writers writers because they want to maintain the illusion that it is reality, that stuff just happens."
90:
In docusoap programming, which follows people in their daily life, producers may be highly deliberate in their editing strategies, able to portray certain participants as heroes or villains, and may guide the drama through altered chronology and selective presentation of events. A Season 3 episode of
328:
depicts three generations of the
Harrison family working at their family-owned Gold & Silver Pawn Shop in Las Vegas. However, as a result of the filming that takes place there, the four main cast members no longer work the counter, due to laws that require the identity of customers pawning items
34:
genre, and specific reality television shows, have been subject to significant criticism since the genre first rose to worldwide popularity in the 1990s. Much of the criticism has centered on the use of the word "reality", and such shows' attempt to present themselves as a straightforward recounting
442:
I would argue, rather, that the simulated setting stimulates feeling, in part because the removal of the participants from their normal surroundings strips them to nothing but the space and affect of social interaction. The intimacy that arises out of this amplified situation is real – both for the
262:
that paying unionized camera crews to film subjects continuously until something telegenic or dramatic occurs would be prohibitively expensive, and that as a result, such shows are "soft-scripted", and follow a tightly regimented shooting schedule that allows for typical work-related considerations
55:
The authenticity of reality television is often called into question by its detractors. The genre's title of "reality" is often criticized as being inaccurate because of claims that the genre frequently includes—premeditated scripting; acting; urgings from behind-the-scenes crew to create specified
693:
has disagreed with this assessment, writing, "for all the talk about 'humiliation TV,' what's striking about most reality shows is how good humored and resilient most of the participants are: the
American Idol rejectees stubbornly convinced of their own talent, the Fear Factor players walking away
206:
that spotlighted the series, cast member Jon
Brennan revealed that he was asked by the producers to state on the air that he felt hatred towards housemate Tami Roman for her decision to have an abortion, and that he refused to do so, stating that although he disagreed with her decision, he did not
669:
wrote, "Do we watch reality television for precious insight into the human condition? Please. We watch for those awkward scenes that make us feel a smidge better about our own little unfilmed lives." Media analyst Tom
Alderman wrote, "There is a sub-set of Reality TV that can only be described as
145:, do not allow the participants to wear clothing of their own choosing while on camera, to promote the participants' wearing of "camera-friendly colors" and to prevent the participants from wearing the same style and/or color of clothing. Additionally, some prohibit clothing with corporate logos.
38:
Other criticisms of reality television shows include that they are intended to humiliate or exploit participants (particularly on competition shows), that they make celebrities out of untalented people who do not deserve fame, and that they glamorize vulgarity and materialism. Actor and filmmaker
59:
In many cases, the entire premise of the show is a contrived one, based around a competition or another unusual situation. However, various shows have additionally been accused of using fakery in order to create more compelling television, such as having premeditated storylines and in some cases
1427:
A private conversation between
Courtney and a show producer went public. During Chris' temporary hiatus, one of the show's producers went over to comfort Courtney, who was clearly very distraught after being attacked by numerous ladies. I was sitting backstage with a group of other journalists,
478:
ran the front-page headline "Is Super Girl a Force for
Democracy?" The Chinese government criticized the show, citing both its democratic nature and its excessive vulgarity, or "worldliness", and in 2006 banned it outright. It was later reintroduced in 2009, before being banned again in 2011.
628:
series, which have spawned music stars in many of the countries in which they have aired. Many other shows, however, have made at least temporary celebrities out of their participants; some participants have then been able to parlay this fame into media and merchandising careers. Reality TV
406:, found that, of 237 deals shown being made, 43% did not lead to any sort of investment, and another 30% did occur but under different terms than what was agreed to on the show. An analysis of one season (2017) of the Australian installment, also called
391:, there were rumors that its star was not only heterosexual, but also had a boyfriend already. The show's winner, Bobby Banhart, claimed that he never saw Ms. Tequila again after the show finished taping, and that he was not given her telephone number.
263:
such as lunch breaks. When filming soft-scripted shows, the subjects are given a scenario by the producers to act out, perhaps an exaggerated version of something likely to be encountered in their real lives, are informed of the outcome, and possible "
329:
to remain confidential, and the tourists and fans taking photos and video in the showroom that would preclude this. When shooting episodes of the series, the shop is temporarily closed, with only a handful of customers allowed into the showroom.
400:, which shows entrepreneurs vying to get investments from wealthy businessmen, has sometimes been accused of misleading viewers as to the seriousness of the deals being made. A 2016 analysis of the American installment of the franchise,
738:, in which a father pretended that his six-year-old son was caught in an out-of-control helium balloon, reportedly in order to get publicity in order to get the family back into the reality-show business (after two appearances on ABC's
217:
present, which
Schlichting added was not typical of Johnson. Producers have also been accused of selectively editing material in order to give the false impression of certain emotional reactions or statements from the castmates.
121:
world in which the competition plays out. Producers specifically select the participants and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviors and conflicts.
1502:
86:
used the industry jargon "Franken-bites" and gave an example of the audio-splicing trick, which is used to force dialogue that is needed for the drama/story/script, but not actually said by the cast members.
130:
and other reality shows, has agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word "reality" to describe his shows; he has said, "I tell good stories. It really is not reality TV. It really is unscripted drama."
1224:
306:
that he develops the show's contestants into characters that will cater to his audience's tastes and that they "need fair share of villains every season." On February 24, 2012, during the filming of
468:) was criticized by the Chinese government for its political and cultural impact. After the finale of the show's 2005 season drew an audience of around 400 million people, and 8 million
355:, that at least two of the scenes that were shot for that series were scripted, reshot or edited in order to cast Humphries in a negative light following Kardashian's decision to divorce him.
56:
situations of adversity and drama; misleading editing; etc. For these reasons and more, there has been controversy over the extent to which reality television truly reflects reality.
1258:
1381:
1288:
872:
506:
Writers for reality television do not receive union pay-scale compensation and union representation, which significantly decreases expenditures for producers and broadcasters.
1890:
1584:
986:
412:, found an even worse outcome, with only 4 of 27 investment deals shown on the show actually coming to fruition. A 2019 analysis of two seasons of the British installment,
680:, but who is actually lookalike Matt Hicks. Following the show's premiere and subsequent cancellation due to low ratings, the show's winner, Katherine Birch, came out to
1369:
We need our fair share of villains every season. And now we're very careful in our casting…to develop characters that the audience is going to root for and root against
1851:
1603:
517:, whereby companies and corporations pay to have their products included in television programming for marketing purposes, is highly prevalent in reality television.
1499:
1348:
213:
related an instance in which roommate Mike Johnson asked a question when cameras were not present, and then asked the same question five minutes later when cameras
1877:
1245:
The viewers are seeing the PRODUCED side of her show and not so much the genuine stuff, and she looks silly because of it... A LOT TAKES PLACE IN THE EDITING ROOM!
226:
says producers paid a man $ 100 to ask her out on a date, and that she terminated that plan when she learned of it. She also says that a heated argument she and
77:) combined audio and video from different times, or from different sets of footage, to create a false chronology and distort participant behavior and actions.
2019:"Compilation of responses to the questionnaire on “Big Brother” type programmes", Secretariat memorandum prepared by the Directorate General of Human Rights.
1232:
694:
from vats of insects like Olympic champions. What finally bothers their detractors is, perhaps, not that these people are humiliated but that they are not."
2064:
200:
cast if their situations were real, noting that situations from the original season seemed to repeat themselves in subsequent ones. On an edition of the
1998:
1069:
727:), as to whether or not the children were exploited or were under emotional distress. At the time the show was being filmed there were no clear laws in
1044:
184:
have related incidents in which the producers staged or attempted to stage incidents for the cameras. During a reunion show featuring the first four
936:
60:
feeding participants lines of dialogue, focusing only on participants' most outlandish behavior, and altering events through editing and re-shoots.
1461:
2161:
1718:
1481:"Kim Kardashian, Kris Humphries divorce case heats up: Court documents show marriage scenes were 'scripted, reshot or edited' for reality show"
1480:
537:
1648:
1448:
1182:
293:
2098:
278:
430:
that even though the contestants are in a fabricated setting and the situation has been set up for a certain outcome, as in shows such as
364:
1807:
1110:
783:
483:
has also been criticized by non-government commentators for creating seemingly impossible ideals that may be harmful to Chinese youth.
1664:
Li Cui; Francis L. F. Lee (2010). "Becoming Extra-Ordinary: Negotiation of Media Power in the Case of "Super Girls' Voice" in China".
1296:
1262:
920:
1930:
2156:
1887:
1411:
1167:
408:
123:
1771:"Indonesia goes wild for American-style reality TV in a nation where income varies widely, shows offer a look at how others live"
383:
165:
1912:
1538:
585:
343:
117:, the producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, creating a completely
93:
520:
The following is a list of prime-time television shows with the most instances of product placement during 2011, according to
1979:
670:
Shame TV because it uses humiliation as its core appeal." A particularly infamous example of this "Shame TV" trend is 2014's
569:
381:, was for a much smaller amount of work than what was promised throughout the show. During the airing of the first season of
272:
1900:
1848:
1736:
1356:
561:
287:
197:
163:
is one notable example: the show faced allegations that its plots are scripted ahead of time. During the second season of
717:
Criticism, and a legal inquiry, were raised regarding the participation of the Gosselin children in the 2007–2011 series
1874:
1511:
672:
593:
369:
1204:
153:
Reality television shows have faced speculation that the participants themselves are involved in fakery, acting out
1960:
851:"Just how real are reality TV shows? - Shows may exist in a middle ground – not fully scripted nor completely true"
850:
740:
180:
71:
detailed various misleading tricks of reality TV producers. According to the show, various reality shows (notably
1788:
900:
641:," yet who have done nothing to warrant this sudden fame. Some have been lampooned for exploiting an undeserved "
319:
2076:
1916:
1622:
778:
545:
193:
1565:
2006:
1085:
1382:"Today's TV Addict Top 5: Wildly Disturbing Quotes from THE BACHELOR creator/executive producer Mike Fleiss"
638:
634:
577:
202:
553:
521:
458:
209:
169:, it was speculated that the customers eating meals prepared by the contestants were in fact paid actors.
1500:"Kim Kardashian Faked Kris Humphries Scenes: Show Producer Reveals Star Wanted To Make Humpries Look Bad"
1699:
1485:
941:
912:
159:
1159:
649:
is one such group of reality television personalities who were subject to this criticism in the 2010s.
1057:
1023:
825:
1031:
1003:
826:"Reality Is Only An Illusion, Writers Say - Hollywood Scribes Want a Cut Of Not-So-Unscripted Series"
719:
665:
414:
141:
276:
in which families learn that they have been selected to receive a home makeover, and some scenes in
1905:
1526:"My Fair Brady's Adrianne Curry & Christopher Knight: The Raw and Uncensored PR.com Interview"
1179:
1134:
969:
2106:
1681:
793:
773:
642:
31:
418:, found that nearly half of the deals made on the show did not result in any actual investment.
2034:
230:
had in the seventh episode of that season was edited to make both of them appear more extreme.
2130:"Psychological toll: Experts say TV cameras alter family dynamics, like in "balloon boy" case"
1644:
1444:
1191:
1163:
916:
765:
706:
646:
514:
264:
254:
172:
1804:
1107:
1673:
798:
735:
690:
601:
248:
223:
154:
1349:"Bachelors have sex with an average of three women, but Bob Guiney has the record with 5.5"
1894:
1881:
1855:
1811:
1506:
1319:
1186:
1114:
877:
657:
Some have claimed that the success of reality television is due to its ability to provide
618:, at least for a short period. This is most notable in talent-search programs such as the
189:
73:
1938:
396:
363:
The very premise of some reality shows has been called into question. The winner of the
270:
Multiple takes of scenes can be shot in reality shows. Known examples include scenes on
1980:"One year later, 'I Wanna Marry Harry' winner reveals behind-the-scenes 'brainwashing'"
1860:
374:
352:
348:
82:
744:), also raised questions about the exploitation of children. In an interview with the
2150:
1685:
1542:
698:
681:
659:
529:
474:
1205:
Real Housewives, Fake Scenes: New York Cast Caught On Camera Staging Scenes For Show
759:
1344:
1284:
1209:
728:
702:
677:
624:
469:
388:
334:
235:
227:
97:
included a segment on the ways in which selective editing can be used to this end.
937:"Most vile stars on reality TV: The ugliest, meanest and most violent of them all"
663:, by satisfying the desire of viewers to see others humiliated. American magazine
1677:
1623:"Nearly half of Dragon's Den winners got no money from tycoons after cameras cut"
1740:
904:
788:
40:
676:, in which a cast of women attempt to win the charms of who they believe to be
43:
described reality television as "the museum of social decay", while journalist
1151:
1008:
955:
755:
685:
491:
402:
377:, claimed that part of the grand prize she received, a modeling contract with
324:
243:
44:
17:
315:
Robertson to fake certain emotions for the camera which she was not feeling.
1466:
1225:"Jesse Csincsak Talks About Ashley Hebert And Last Night's The Bachelorette"
1045:"'Real World: Chicago' cast admits their September 11 reactions were staged"
615:
614:
Reality television has the potential to turn its participants into national
487:
1792:
297:, as well as former contestants, have stated that both shows are scripted.
1901:"Jonah Hill Talks 'The Sitter,' Weight Loss And Disgust With Kardashians"
1585:"We Fact-Checked Seven Seasons Of Shark Tank Deals. Here Are The Results"
1119:
858:
464:
2129:
438:, what emerges on the screen is still grounded in reality. King writes:
1289:"Megan Parris says Bachelor producers "berate," "curse at" contestants"
873:"Robocop's Gary Oldman: 'My dog has more dignity than the Kardashians'"
118:
1739:(Press release). University of Cambridge. July 5, 2007. Archived from
1412:"'The Bachelor' recap: Five things you didn't see on 'Women Tell All'"
1805:
Product Placement Market Soars to $ 3.46 billion in 2004: Report
1441:
License to Pawn: Deals, Steals, and My Life at the Gold & Silver
630:
378:
347:, stated in a 165-page deposition in the divorce proceedings of star
1737:"Footage from banned Chinese "Pop Idol" receives Cambridge premiere"
1604:"'I'm out': Shark Tank bites fail to net deal once show goes to air"
1824:
989:
854:
453:
1789:
Profit motive: Ads become more prominent amid squeeze in industry
1525:
2020:
494:
as the most-watched programs on the air. One popular program is
387:, in which a group of both men and women vied for the heart of
1641:
Spectacle of the Real: From Hollywood to Reality TV and Beyond
428:
Spectacle of the Real: From Hollywood to Reality TV and Beyond
64:
1961:"Shame TV: Why Humiliation Sells on American Idol and Others"
1135:"Here's What Really Happened To The Cars From 'Pimp My Ride'"
1320:"'Bachelor' candidate from Sewickley Hills goes off script"
341:
On February 4, 2013, Russell Jay, a producer on the series
1659:
1657:
684:
about how she and the other contestants were effectively
1719:"TV talent contest 'too democratic' for China's censors"
47:
questioned whether it marked "the end of civilization".
1875:"Elton John Trashes Kim Kardashian, Reality Television"
1028:
returns for fourth season – The MTV hit invades London"
1888:"Kardashian Family: The Backlash of Being Overexposed"
1539:"Report: 'Bisexual' MTV Star Tila Tequila Is Straight"
705:
during reality TV has been a concern addressed by the
909:
Television After TV: Essays on a Medium in Transition
524:. Nine out of the ten are reality television shows.
332:
Dave Hester, one of the stars of the A&E series
956:"Charlie Brooker's Screenwipe - Reality TV Editing"
1849:"Kim Kardashian Is Fighting Back Against Backlash"
113:, and other special living environment shows like
1825:"Primetime Shows With the Most Product Placement"
2099:"Report: Jon Gosselin says his 8 kids are happy"
1844:
1842:
819:
817:
815:
813:
472:votes, the state-run English-language newspaper
157:that have been planned in advance by producers.
440:
987:"At last! The secrets of 'Survivor' revealed."
1541:. Fox News. November 30, 2007. Archived from
1178:Christensen, Kim; James, Meg (May 13, 2007).
637:", and/or "nonebrities" who are effectively "
246:, whose family starred in the reality series
207:feel hatred towards her. Lars Schlichting of
8:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1929:Snierson, Dan; Wolk, Josh (December 2002).
1913:"Jon Hamm Defends Kim Kardashian Criticism"
992:. October 7, 2008. Accessed September 2011.
233:Various participants on the 2004-2007 show
2029:
2027:
1886:*Vanderberg, Madison (December 23, 2011).
976:. Melbourne, Australia. November 13, 2003.
490:, reality television shows have surpassed
1462:"'Storage Wars' star says show is rigged"
178:Various alumni of the MTV reality series
27:Criticism of the reality television genre
2059:
2057:
2055:
1070:"Interview With Coral Jeanne Smith from
689:"Harry's" legitimacy. Television critic
1997:Poniewozik, James (February 12, 2003).
1643:, p. 97. Bristol, GBR. Intellect Books
809:
1133:Van Luling, Todd (February 25, 2015).
629:contestants are sometimes derided as "
448:Negative political and cultural impact
105:In competition-based programs such as
1566:"As 'Shot' misses, Tequila aims anew"
258:, explains in his 2009 autobiography
7:
1899:*Gostin, Nicki (December 12, 2011).
1460:Oldenburg, Ann (December 11, 2012).
1257:Carbone, Steve (February 26, 2009).
502:Union critique of reality television
279:The Real Housewives of New York City
2128:Draper, Electa (October 18, 2009).
2035:""Jon And Kate" 8 Being Exploited?"
1959:Alderman, Tom (February 13, 2008).
1911:*Marikar, Sheila (March 19, 2012).
1717:Macartney, Jane (August 29, 2005).
1524:Allison Kugel (December 10, 2005).
1084:. December 23, 2004. Archived from
784:List of reality television programs
1978:Fitzpatrick, Molly (May 6, 2015).
1769:Onishi, Norimitsu (May 25, 2009).
1479:Maresca, Rachel (March 13, 2013).
1223:McDow, Christine (June 28, 2011).
935:Joanna Sloame and Soraya Roberts.
824:Booth, William (August 10, 2004).
25:
1884:. The Improper. February 4, 2011.
1814:. Promo Magazine. March 30, 2005.
1583:Canal, Emily (October 21, 2016).
443:participants and for the viewers.
1564:Johnson, K C (January 3, 2008).
1498:Tate, Amethyst (March 14, 2013)
1318:Cherry, Bobby (March 26, 2009).
1259:"My Interview with Megan Parris"
1022:Fretts, Bruce. (July 21, 1995).
1002:Holland, Roger (June 19, 2006).
857:. April 14, 2009. Archived from
758:
384:A Shot at Love with Tila Tequila
196:cast, questioned members of the
1999:"Why Reality TV Is Good for Us"
1621:Selby, Alan (August 10, 2019).
426:Misha Kavka argues in the book
344:Keeping Up with the Kardashians
2162:Criticism of television series
1410:Kaufman, Amy (March 6, 2012).
945:. April 1, 2011. Page 42 of 46
570:Extreme Makeover: Home Edition
273:Extreme Makeover: Home Edition
1:
2065:"Pa. labor officials probing
1602:Waters, Cara (May 17, 2018).
697:Allegations of violations of
653:As a spectacle of humiliation
1775:International Herald Tribune
1678:10.1080/15405702.2010.512829
1512:International Business Times
1443:. Hyperion. 2011. New York.
1180:"And then the roof caved in"
394:The international franchise
94:Charlie Brooker's Screenwipe
80:An episode of the NBC drama
1505:September 21, 2013, at the
1185:September 21, 2013, at the
69:Reality TV Secrets Revealed
2178:
1880:February 12, 2012, at the
1024:"The British Invasion The
1854:January 15, 2012, at the
958:. YouTube. February 2007.
713:Participation of children
2157:Television controversies
1156:My Life Outside the Ring
970:"Surviving and thriving"
779:Great Reality TV Swindle
594:America's Next Top Model
546:The Celebrity Apprentice
370:America's Next Top Model
285:Mike Fleiss, creator of
260:My Life Outside the Ring
1827:. CNBC. January 5, 2012
1793:The Californian (News).
1439:Harrison, Rick (2011).
1004:"Hell's Kitchen review"
639:famous for being famous
203:E! True Hollywood Story
1810:March 3, 2012, at the
554:Dancing with the Stars
522:Nielsen Media Research
462:(a local imitation of
445:
242:Professional wrestler
210:The Real World: London
1893:May 11, 2013, at the
1666:Popular Communication
1608:Sydney Morning Herald
1299:on September 17, 2012
1088:on September 28, 2007
913:Duke University Press
720:Jon & Kate Plus 8
673:I Wanna Marry "Harry"
149:Scripting and staging
51:"Reality" as misnomer
1935:Entertainment Weekly
1706:. September 8, 2005.
1639:King, Geoff (2005).
1032:Entertainment Weekly
907:(November 9, 2004).
666:Entertainment Weekly
610:Undeserved celebrity
605:, 161 in 11 episodes
597:, 178 in 26 episodes
589:, 201 in 13 episodes
581:, 220 in 32 episodes
578:America's Got Talent
573:, 224 in 31 episodes
565:, 312 in 26 episodes
557:, 390 in 29 episodes
549:, 391 in 12 episodes
541:, 533 in 34 episodes
533:, 577 in 39 episodes
456:singing competition
139:Some shows, such as
1965:The Huffington Post
1906:The Huffington Post
1864:. December 21, 2011
1795:Retrieved May 2009.
1545:on October 18, 2012
1229:Reality TV Magazine
1139:The Huffington Post
1072:Battle of the Sexes
881:. February 10, 2014
830:The Washington Post
586:Friday Night Lights
101:Unreal environments
1347:(March 16, 2010).
1287:(March 29, 2009).
1160:St. Martin's Press
1113:2015-01-28 at the
1108:"The Unreal World"
1106:Roberts, Michael.
861:on April 10, 2009.
794:Media manipulation
774:Quiz show scandals
643:15 minutes of fame
359:Misleading premise
308:The Women Tell All
192:, of the original
32:reality television
1649:978-1-84150-120-8
1449:978-1-4013-2430-8
1386:Today's TV Addict
1359:on March 10, 2012
1235:on April 22, 2012
1192:Los Angeles Times
1162:. pp. 175 - 178,
1047:. August 19, 2002
766:Television portal
707:Council of Europe
647:Kardashian family
538:The Biggest Loser
515:Product placement
510:Product placement
422:Counter-reasoning
351:and her husband,
255:Brooke Knows Best
173:Daniel Petrie Jr.
135:Wardrobe handling
16:(Redirected from
2169:
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2139:
2137:
2132:. Denverpost.com
2125:
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2116:
2114:
2109:on June 11, 2009
2105:. Archived from
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2089:
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2079:on June 11, 2009
2075:. Archived from
2061:
2050:
2049:
2047:
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2031:
2022:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2009:on May 28, 2006.
2005:. Archived from
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1937:. Archived from
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1700:"Democracy Idol"
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1265:on March 1, 2013
1261:. Archived from
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1220:
1214:
1207:, Dylan Howard,
1202:
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1154:(October 2009),
1149:
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768:
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736:balloon boy hoax
691:James Poniewozik
602:The Amazing Race
496:Jika Aku Menjadi
436:The Bachelorette
299:The Bachelorette
294:The Bachelorette
249:Hogan Knows Best
224:Rebecca Blasband
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367:, in 2003, of
360:
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349:Kim Kardashian
181:The Real World
166:Hell's Kitchen
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1941:on 2018-10-01
1940:
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1357:the original
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389:Tila Tequila
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362:
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288:The Bachelor
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1058:Page 3 of 4
901:Olsson, Jan
789:Low culture
746:Denver Post
725:Kate Plus 8
616:celebrities
492:soap operas
310:episode of
107:Big Brother
83:Harry's Law
41:Gary Oldman
2151:Categories
2069:complaint"
1945:2013-09-03
1787:1/5/2008.
1486:Daily News
1451:pp. 70, 89
1026:Real World
1009:PopMatters
942:Daily News
805:References
686:gaslighted
481:Super Girl
459:Super Girl
409:Shark Tank
403:Shark Tank
325:Pawn Stars
244:Hulk Hogan
186:Real World
155:storylines
119:fabricated
45:Ted Koppel
1725:. London.
1723:The Times
1686:144259958
1467:USA Today
1324:Trib Live
885:August 1,
835:April 26,
741:Wife Swap
734:The 2009
488:Indonesia
160:The Hills
63:The 2004
2113:June 23,
1917:ABC News
1891:Archived
1878:Archived
1852:Archived
1808:Archived
1747:July 29,
1528:. pr.com
1503:Archived
1421:July 10,
1392:July 10,
1363:July 10,
1329:July 16,
1303:July 16,
1269:July 16,
1239:July 10,
1183:Archived
1111:Archived
1092:June 21,
752:See also
625:X Factor
465:Pop Idol
220:New York
194:New York
142:Survivor
128:Survivor
111:Survivor
67:program
2136:May 24,
2083:May 29,
2044:May 21,
1831:May 20,
974:The Age
645:". The
454:Chinese
322:series
320:History
188:casts,
1684:
1647:
1627:Mirror
1589:Forbes
1447:
1166:
919:
631:Z-list
379:Revlon
1791:from
1682:S2CID
990:MSNBC
855:MSNBC
304:20/20
265:beats
2138:2012
2115:2009
2085:2009
2046:2009
2003:Time
1833:2015
1749:2007
1645:ISBN
1551:2013
1445:ISBN
1423:2012
1394:2012
1365:2012
1331:2012
1305:2012
1271:2012
1241:2012
1164:ISBN
1094:2007
1074:and
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887:2015
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701:and
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620:Idol
452:The
434:and
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