Knowledge (XXG)

Soil-transmitted helminth

Source 📝

1985: 276:. Even though the disease is principally a soil-transmitted helminthiasis, the infection being mediated through contaminated soil, it is however generally omitted in clinical practices and control programmes because of its (allegedly) relatively less significant influence on health and socio-economic conditions. Also it is not restricted to humans, as it is common in 1997: 356:
The World Health Organization is promoting the control of  soil transmitted helminthiasis with large scale, regular distribution of anthelminthics (albendazole or mebendazole) to the population groups more at risk of morbidity (children and women of reproductive age). The number of school-age
646:
Montresor, Antonio; Mupfasoni, Denise; Mikhailov, Alexei; Mwinzi, Pauline; Lucianez, Ana; Jamsheed, Mohamed; Gasimov, Elkan; Warusavithana, Supriya; Yajima, Aya; Bisoffi, Zeno; Buonfrate, Dora; Steinmann, Peter; Utzinger, Jürg; Levecke, Bruno; Vlaminck, Johnny (2020-08-10). Babu, Subash (ed.).
103:. Thus the disease manifestations can be both local and systemic. The geohelminths together present an enormous infection burden on humanity, amounting to 135,000 deaths every year, and persistent infection of more than two billion people. 252: 194:
Soil-transmitted helminthiasis is a collective name for the diseases caused by ascaris, whipworm and hookworms in humans. It includes species-specific diseases such as
516: 409:
Bethony J, Brooker S, Albonico M, Geiger SM, Loukas A, Diemert D, Hotez PJ (2006). "Soil-transmitted helminth infections: ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm".
1833: 2047: 2027: 745: 357:
children treated with PC has progressed steadily from less than 120 million in 2008 to over 450 million in 2018 and is in contiuous espansion.
630: 390: 619:
Eliminating Soil-transmitted Helminthiasis as a Public Health Problem in Children: Progress Report 2001–2010 and Strategic Plan 2011–2020
493: 530:
Marcos LA, Terashima A, Dupont HL, Gotuzzo E (2013). "Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome: an emerging global infectious disease".
1826: 476: 189: 81: 31: 324:
children who harbour the highest intensity of worm infestation. Some of the significant morbidity attributed to intestinal
1975: 2042: 1819: 1204: 713: 708: 2032: 1898: 1541: 1190: 1097: 738: 649:"The global progress of soil-transmitted helminthiases control in 2020 and World Health Organization targets for 2030" 247: 2022: 1781: 1704: 1675: 272: 171: 1787: 882: 826: 95:
are the infective forms and they undergo tissue-migratory stages during which they invade vital organs such as
1916: 1724: 1519: 1508: 1092: 1032: 1018: 841: 820: 2037: 2017: 1936: 1622: 1417: 1270: 960: 955: 946: 922: 731: 1503: 1046: 927: 808: 228: 153: 65: 56:
that are transmitted primarily through contaminated soil. They are so called because they have a direct
1755: 1582: 1422: 1396: 1378: 1148: 301: 203: 129: 57: 1038: 1850: 1842: 1794: 1769: 1696: 1363: 1312: 887: 868: 814: 803: 718: 617: 239: 141: 92: 69: 46: 1655: 1641: 1547: 1527: 1497: 1357: 1332: 1232: 1182: 1073: 1004: 907: 434: 345: 333: 222: 159: 565:
Buonfrate D, Requena-Mendez A, Angheben A, Muñoz J, Gobbi F, Van Den Ende J, Bisoffi Z (2013).
902: 847: 754: 688: 670: 626: 598: 547: 510: 472: 426: 386: 305: 112: 61: 1888: 1688: 1681: 1561: 1175: 1143: 723: 678: 660: 588: 578: 539: 418: 265: 209: 148: 2001: 1962: 1921: 1515: 1429: 1167: 1117: 1112: 1010: 995: 934: 833: 213: 166: 17: 1989: 1931: 1926: 1911: 1647: 1610: 1555: 1370: 1349: 1318: 1276: 1155: 1104: 1083: 1052: 1024: 967: 894: 683: 648: 593: 566: 313: 285: 422: 76:
contamination of soil, foodstuffs and water supplies. The adult forms are essentially
2011: 1634: 1615: 1389: 1384: 1135: 1123: 874: 758: 325: 85: 1957: 1868: 1774: 1730: 1626: 1533: 1408: 979: 438: 329: 234: 217: 665: 543: 1761: 1746: 1602: 1483: 1464: 1455: 1443: 1297: 1261: 1243: 1210: 1196: 988: 914: 859: 794: 136: 124: 1984: 1666: 1588: 1573: 1343: 1302: 461: 341: 321: 198: 674: 1878: 1288: 1131: 784: 779: 625:. WHO Press, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. pp. 1–78. 583: 77: 27:
Group of intestinal parasites that are transmitted through contaminated soil
692: 602: 551: 430: 1941: 1883: 1858: 1715: 1596: 1488: 1437: 1252: 766: 456: 116: 53: 1906: 1873: 1863: 1326: 1068: 337: 317: 88: 1811: 73: 50: 309: 297: 100: 96: 296:
Geohelminth infection is a major health problem particularly in
1815: 727: 567:"Severe strongyloidiasis: a systematic review of case reports" 277: 280:. But there is an emerging hyperinfection syndrome caused by 111:
Soil-transmitted helminths are typically from the following
30:
This article is about the organisms. For the infection, see
719:
World Health Organisation (WHO) topic page on helminthiasis
246:
Soil-transmitted helminthiasis is classified as one of the
250:
projected to be controlled/eradicated by 2020 through the
1973: 1950: 1897: 1849: 1745: 1714: 1665: 1572: 1482: 1454: 1407: 1296: 1287: 1260: 1251: 1242: 1229: 1166: 1082: 1067: 978: 945: 858: 793: 778: 765: 494:"London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases" 471:(5th ed.). Pasadena: William Carey Library. 253:London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases 1827: 739: 492:London Declaration (2012) (30 January 2012). 8: 515:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 451:In the UK and Australia, however, the term 1834: 1820: 1812: 1293: 1257: 1248: 1239: 1079: 790: 775: 746: 732: 724: 714:USAID's Soil-Transmitted Helminth Program 682: 664: 592: 582: 1980: 365: 316:countries. It is an important cause of 508: 373:Holland CV, Kennedy MW (Eds.) (2002). 404: 402: 7: 465:, otherwise known as pinworms. Vide 2048:Conditions diagnosed by stool test 25: 346:impaired intellectual performance 1995: 1983: 653:PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2028:Intestinal infectious diseases 190:Soil-transmitted helminthiasis 184:Soil-transmitted helminthiasis 82:soil-transmitted helminthiasis 32:soil-transmitted helminthiasis 1: 423:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68653-4 1205:Diphyllobothrium mansonoides 666:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008505 544:10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.01.020 385:. Springer. pp. 1–352. 1542:Angiostrongylus cantonensis 1191:Spirometra erinaceieuropaei 248:neglected tropical diseases 2064: 263: 187: 39:soil-transmitted helminths 29: 18:Soil-transmitted helminths 1917:African sleeping sickness 1782:Capillaria philippinensis 1705:Halicephalobus gingivalis 1676:Strongyloides stercoralis 273:Strongyloides stercoralis 172:Strongyloides stercoralis 1788:Intestinal capillariasis 883:Dicrocoelium dendriticum 532:Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 284:, which exhibits a high 1963:Priority review voucher 1775:Trichuriasis / Whipworm 1725:Enterobius vermicularis 1520:Cutaneous larva migrans 1093:Echinococcus granulosus 1033:Heterophyes heterophyes 1019:Gastrodiscoides hominis 842:Trichobilharzia regenti 584:10.1186/1471-2334-13-78 467:Vanderkooi, M. (2000). 220:), which are caused by 84:(STH), but also infect 1623:Visceral larva migrans 1418:Gnathostoma spinigerum 1271:Dracunculus medinensis 1177:Diphyllobothrium latum 956:Paragonimus westermani 923:Opisthorchis viverrini 469:Village Medical Manual 1504:Ancylostoma duodenale 1047:Metagonimus yokogawai 237:, which is caused by 229:Ancylostoma duodenale 201:, which is caused by 154:Ancylostoma duodenale 1756:Trichinella spiralis 1583:Ascaris lumbricoides 1397:Lymphatic filariasis 1379:Wuchereria bancrofti 709:WHO information page 342:vitamin A deficiency 302:developing countries 204:Ascaris lumbricoides 165:Threadworms (family 130:Ascaris lumbricoides 47:intestinal parasites 2043:Foodborne illnesses 1851:Diseases of poverty 1843:Diseases of poverty 1770:Trichuris trichiura 1697:Trichostrongyliasis 1313:Onchocerca volvulus 869:Clonorchis sinensis 804:Schistosoma mansoni 785:Trematode infection 417:(9521): 1521–1532. 240:Trichuris trichiura 142:Trichuris trichiura 123:Roundworms (family 80:of humans, causing 70:parasitic infection 2033:Parasitic diseases 1899:Neglected diseases 1884:Diarrheal diseases 1656:Parascaris equorum 1642:Dioctophyme renale 1548:Angiostrongyliasis 1528:Necator americanus 1498:Hookworm infection 1358:Dirofilaria repens 1183:Diphyllobothriasis 1074:Tapeworm infection 1005:Fasciolopsis buski 455:can also refer to 375:The Geohelminths: 352:Control activities 334:growth retardation 270:This is caused by 223:Necator americanus 160:Necator americanus 147:Hookworms (family 135:Whipworms (family 62:intermediate hosts 60:which requires no 2023:Tropical diseases 1971: 1970: 1809: 1808: 1805: 1804: 1741: 1740: 1478: 1477: 1474: 1473: 1225: 1224: 1221: 1220: 1099:E. multilocularis 1063: 1062: 903:Fasciola hepatica 755:Parasitic disease 632:978-92-4-150312-9 392:978-0-7923-7557-9 306:Subsaharan Africa 210:Hookworm diseases 49:belonging to the 45:) are a group of 16:(Redirected from 2055: 2000: 1999: 1998: 1988: 1987: 1979: 1836: 1829: 1822: 1813: 1690:Trichostrongylus 1682:Strongyloidiasis 1562:Metastrongylosis 1294: 1258: 1249: 1240: 1144:Hymenolepis nana 1080: 980:Intestinal fluke 791: 776: 748: 741: 734: 725: 697: 696: 686: 668: 643: 637: 636: 624: 613: 607: 606: 596: 586: 562: 556: 555: 527: 521: 520: 514: 506: 504: 503: 498: 489: 483: 482: 449: 443: 442: 406: 397: 396: 370: 266:Strongyloidiasis 260:Strongyloidiasis 149:Ancylostomatidae 21: 2063: 2062: 2058: 2057: 2056: 2054: 2053: 2052: 2008: 2007: 2006: 1996: 1994: 1982: 1974: 1972: 1967: 1946: 1932:River blindness 1922:Schistosomiasis 1893: 1845: 1840: 1810: 1801: 1737: 1710: 1661: 1568: 1516:Ancylostomiasis 1486: 1470: 1450: 1430:Gnathostomiasis 1403: 1300: 1283: 1234: 1231: 1217: 1168:Pseudophyllidea 1162: 1113:Taenia saginata 1071: 1059: 1011:Fasciolopsiasis 996:Echinostomiasis 974: 941: 935:Opisthorchiasis 854: 834:Schistosomiasis 828:S. intercalatum 782: 780:Fluke/trematode 771: 768: 761: 752: 705: 700: 659:(8): e0008505. 645: 644: 640: 633: 622: 615: 614: 610: 564: 563: 559: 529: 528: 524: 507: 501: 499: 496: 491: 490: 486: 479: 466: 450: 446: 408: 407: 400: 393: 372: 371: 367: 363: 354: 314:Southeast Asian 294: 268: 262: 214:ancylostomiasis 192: 186: 181: 167:Strongyloididae 109: 72:occurs through 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2061: 2059: 2051: 2050: 2045: 2040: 2035: 2030: 2025: 2020: 2010: 2009: 2005: 2004: 1992: 1969: 1968: 1966: 1965: 1960: 1954: 1952: 1948: 1947: 1945: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1927:Dracunculiasis 1924: 1919: 1914: 1912:Chagas disease 1909: 1903: 1901: 1895: 1894: 1892: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1876: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1855: 1853: 1847: 1846: 1841: 1839: 1838: 1831: 1824: 1816: 1807: 1806: 1803: 1802: 1800: 1799: 1792: 1791: 1790: 1778: 1766: 1765: 1764: 1751: 1749: 1743: 1742: 1739: 1738: 1736: 1735: 1734: 1733: 1720: 1718: 1712: 1711: 1709: 1708: 1701: 1700: 1699: 1686: 1685: 1684: 1671: 1669: 1663: 1662: 1660: 1659: 1652: 1651: 1650: 1648:Dioctophymosis 1638: 1631: 1630: 1629: 1611:Toxocara canis 1607: 1606: 1605: 1593: 1592: 1591: 1578: 1576: 1570: 1569: 1567: 1566: 1565: 1564: 1556:Metastrongylus 1552: 1551: 1550: 1538: 1537: 1536: 1524: 1523: 1522: 1510:A. braziliense 1500: 1494: 1492: 1480: 1479: 1476: 1475: 1472: 1471: 1469: 1468: 1460: 1458: 1452: 1451: 1449: 1448: 1447: 1446: 1434: 1433: 1432: 1413: 1411: 1405: 1404: 1402: 1401: 1400: 1399: 1375: 1374: 1373: 1371:Dirofilariasis 1361: 1354: 1353: 1352: 1350:Mansonelliasis 1340: 1339: 1338: 1323: 1322: 1321: 1319:Onchocerciasis 1308: 1306: 1291: 1285: 1284: 1282: 1281: 1280: 1279: 1277:Dracunculiasis 1266: 1264: 1255: 1246: 1237: 1227: 1226: 1223: 1222: 1219: 1218: 1216: 1215: 1214: 1213: 1201: 1200: 1199: 1187: 1186: 1185: 1172: 1170: 1164: 1163: 1161: 1160: 1159: 1158: 1156:Hymenolepiasis 1140: 1139: 1138: 1109: 1108: 1107: 1105:Echinococcosis 1088: 1086: 1084:Cyclophyllidea 1077: 1065: 1064: 1061: 1060: 1058: 1057: 1056: 1055: 1053:Metagonimiasis 1043: 1042: 1041: 1039:Heterophyiasis 1029: 1028: 1027: 1025:Amphistomiasis 1015: 1014: 1013: 1001: 1000: 999: 984: 982: 976: 975: 973: 972: 971: 970: 968:Paragonimiasis 951: 949: 943: 942: 940: 939: 938: 937: 919: 918: 917: 899: 898: 897: 895:Dicrocoeliasis 879: 878: 877: 864: 862: 856: 855: 853: 852: 851: 850: 848:Swimmer's itch 838: 837: 836: 822:S. haematobium 799: 797: 788: 773: 763: 762: 753: 751: 750: 743: 736: 728: 722: 721: 716: 711: 704: 703:External links 701: 699: 698: 638: 631: 608: 571:BMC Infect Dis 557: 538:(4): 314–318. 522: 484: 477: 444: 398: 391: 364: 362: 359: 353: 350: 293: 292:General impact 290: 288:(15% to 87%). 286:mortality rate 282:S. stercoralis 264:Main article: 261: 258: 244: 243: 232: 207: 188:Main article: 185: 182: 180: 177: 176: 175: 163: 145: 133: 108: 105: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2060: 2049: 2046: 2044: 2041: 2039: 2038:Helminthiases 2036: 2034: 2031: 2029: 2026: 2024: 2021: 2019: 2018:Helminthology 2016: 2015: 2013: 2003: 1993: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1977: 1964: 1961: 1959: 1956: 1955: 1953: 1951:Miscellaneous 1949: 1943: 1940: 1938: 1937:Leishmaniasis 1935: 1933: 1930: 1928: 1925: 1923: 1920: 1918: 1915: 1913: 1910: 1908: 1905: 1904: 1902: 1900: 1896: 1890: 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1856: 1854: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1837: 1832: 1830: 1825: 1823: 1818: 1817: 1814: 1798: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1786: 1785: 1784: 1783: 1779: 1776: 1772: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1760: 1759: 1758: 1757: 1753: 1752: 1750: 1748: 1744: 1732: 1729: 1728: 1727: 1726: 1722: 1721: 1719: 1717: 1713: 1707: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1695: 1694: 1693: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1680: 1679: 1678: 1677: 1673: 1672: 1670: 1668: 1664: 1658: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1646: 1645: 1644: 1643: 1639: 1637: 1636: 1635:Baylisascaris 1632: 1628: 1624: 1621: 1620: 1619: 1618: 1613: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1601: 1600: 1599: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1587: 1586: 1585: 1584: 1580: 1579: 1577: 1575: 1571: 1563: 1560: 1559: 1558: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1546: 1545: 1544: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1532: 1531: 1530: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1514: 1513: 1512: 1511: 1506: 1505: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1495: 1493: 1490: 1485: 1481: 1467: 1466: 1462: 1461: 1459: 1457: 1453: 1445: 1442: 1441: 1440: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1428: 1427: 1426: 1425: 1420: 1419: 1415: 1414: 1412: 1410: 1406: 1398: 1395: 1394: 1393: 1392: 1387: 1386: 1385:Brugia malayi 1381: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1369: 1368: 1367: 1366: 1362: 1360: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1348: 1347: 1346: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1335: 1331: 1330: 1329: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1317: 1316: 1315: 1314: 1310: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1299: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1286: 1278: 1275: 1274: 1273: 1272: 1268: 1267: 1265: 1263: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1250: 1247: 1245: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1228: 1212: 1209: 1208: 1207: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1195: 1194: 1193: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1181: 1180: 1179: 1178: 1174: 1173: 1171: 1169: 1165: 1157: 1154: 1153: 1152: 1151: 1146: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1136:Cysticercosis 1133: 1130: 1129: 1128: 1126: 1121: 1120: 1115: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1103: 1102: 1101: 1100: 1095: 1094: 1090: 1089: 1087: 1085: 1081: 1078: 1075: 1070: 1066: 1054: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1037: 1036: 1035: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1023: 1022: 1021: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1009: 1008: 1007: 1006: 1002: 998: 997: 993: 992: 991: 990: 986: 985: 983: 981: 977: 969: 966: 965: 964: 963: 962:P. kellicotti 958: 957: 953: 952: 950: 948: 944: 936: 933: 932: 931: 930: 925: 924: 920: 916: 913: 912: 911: 910: 905: 904: 900: 896: 893: 892: 891: 890: 885: 884: 880: 876: 875:Clonorchiasis 873: 872: 871: 870: 866: 865: 863: 861: 857: 849: 846: 845: 844: 843: 839: 835: 832: 831: 830: 829: 824: 823: 818: 817: 812: 811: 806: 805: 801: 800: 798: 796: 792: 789: 786: 781: 777: 774: 770: 769:platyhelminth 764: 760: 759:helminthiases 756: 749: 744: 742: 737: 735: 730: 729: 726: 720: 717: 715: 712: 710: 707: 706: 702: 694: 690: 685: 680: 676: 672: 667: 662: 658: 654: 650: 642: 639: 634: 628: 621: 620: 612: 609: 604: 600: 595: 590: 585: 580: 576: 572: 568: 561: 558: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 526: 523: 518: 512: 495: 488: 485: 480: 474: 470: 464: 463: 459:of the genus 458: 454: 448: 445: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 416: 412: 405: 403: 399: 394: 388: 384: 380: 376: 369: 366: 360: 358: 351: 349: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 327: 326:helminthiasis 323: 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 299: 291: 289: 287: 283: 279: 275: 274: 267: 259: 257: 255: 254: 249: 242: 241: 236: 233: 231: 230: 225: 224: 219: 215: 211: 208: 206: 205: 200: 197: 196: 195: 191: 183: 178: 174: 173: 168: 164: 162: 161: 156: 155: 150: 146: 144: 143: 138: 134: 132: 131: 126: 122: 121: 120: 118: 114: 106: 104: 102: 98: 94: 90: 87: 83: 79: 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 55: 52: 48: 44: 41:(also called 40: 33: 19: 1958:Malnutrition 1869:Tuberculosis 1795: 1780: 1768: 1754: 1731:Enterobiasis 1723: 1703: 1689: 1674: 1654: 1640: 1633: 1627:Toxocariasis 1616: 1609: 1595: 1581: 1554: 1540: 1534:Necatoriasis 1526: 1509: 1502: 1463: 1436: 1423: 1416: 1409:Thelazioidea 1390: 1383: 1377: 1364: 1356: 1342: 1333: 1325: 1311: 1269: 1203: 1189: 1176: 1149: 1142: 1124: 1118: 1111: 1098: 1091: 1045: 1031: 1017: 1003: 994: 987: 961: 954: 928: 921: 909:F. gigantica 908: 901: 888: 881: 867: 840: 827: 821: 815: 810:S. japonicum 809: 802: 656: 652: 641: 618: 616:WHO (2012). 611: 574: 570: 560: 535: 531: 525: 500:. Retrieved 487: 468: 460: 452: 447: 414: 410: 383:and Hookworm 382: 378: 374: 368: 355: 330:malnutrition 295: 281: 271: 269: 251: 245: 238: 235:Trichuriasis 227: 221: 218:necatoriasis 202: 193: 170: 158: 152: 140: 128: 110: 86:domesticated 43:geohelminths 42: 38: 36: 1796:C. hepatica 1762:Trichinosis 1747:Adenophorea 1603:Anisakiasis 1484:Strongylida 1465:Gongylonema 1456:Spiruroidea 1444:Thelaziasis 1424:G. hispidum 1298:Filarioidea 1262:Camallanida 1244:Secernentea 1211:Sparganosis 1197:Sparganosis 1150:H. diminuta 1119:T. asiatica 989:Echinostoma 929:O. felineus 915:Fasciolosis 860:Liver fluke 795:Blood fluke 298:rural areas 137:Trichuridae 125:Ascarididae 2012:Categories 1667:Rhabditida 1589:Ascariasis 1574:Ascaridida 1365:D. immitis 1344:Mansonella 1336:filariasis 1303:Filariasis 1230:Roundworm/ 947:Lung fluke 816:S. mekongi 757:caused by 502:2013-03-26 478:0878087788 462:Enterobius 453:threadworm 411:The Lancet 361:References 322:school age 312:and other 199:Ascariasis 119:, namely: 68:, and the 58:life cycle 1879:Pneumonia 1391:B. timori 1289:Spirurida 1235:infection 1132:Taeniasis 1125:T. solium 889:D. hospes 772:infection 767:Flatworm/ 675:1935-2735 457:nematodes 381:Trichuris 318:morbidity 117:nematodes 93:juveniles 78:parasites 2002:Medicine 1942:Trachoma 1716:Oxyurida 1597:Anisakis 1489:hookworm 1438:Thelazia 1253:Spiruria 1233:Nematode 693:32776942 603:23394259 552:18321548 511:cite web 431:16679166 179:Diseases 169:), e.g. 151:), e.g. 139:), e.g. 127:), e.g. 113:families 54:Nematoda 1990:Biology 1976:Portals 1907:Cholera 1874:Measles 1864:Malaria 1617:T. cati 1334:Loa loa 1327:Loa loa 1069:Cestoda 684:7446869 594:3598958 439:8425278 377:Ascaris 338:anaemia 107:Species 89:mammals 66:vectors 1889:Plague 1127:(pork) 691:  681:  673:  629:  601:  591:  577:: 78. 550:  475:  437:  429:  389:  91:. The 74:faecal 51:phylum 623:(PDF) 497:(PDF) 435:S2CID 310:India 304:like 101:liver 97:lungs 1859:AIDS 1692:spp. 689:PMID 671:ISSN 627:ISBN 599:PMID 548:PMID 517:link 473:ISBN 427:PMID 387:ISBN 344:and 328:are 278:pets 226:and 216:and 157:and 99:and 37:The 679:PMC 661:doi 589:PMC 579:doi 540:doi 536:102 419:doi 415:367 320:in 300:of 115:of 64:or 2014:: 1625:/ 1614:/ 1518:/ 1507:/ 1421:/ 1388:/ 1382:/ 1147:/ 1134:/ 1122:/ 1116:/ 1096:/ 959:/ 926:/ 906:/ 886:/ 825:/ 819:/ 813:/ 807:/ 687:. 677:. 669:. 657:14 655:. 651:. 597:. 587:. 575:13 573:. 569:. 546:. 534:. 513:}} 509:{{ 433:. 425:. 413:. 401:^ 379:, 348:. 340:, 336:, 332:, 308:, 256:. 1978:: 1835:e 1828:t 1821:v 1777:) 1773:( 1491:) 1487:( 1305:) 1301:( 1076:) 1072:( 787:) 783:( 747:e 740:t 733:v 695:. 663:: 635:. 605:. 581:: 554:. 542:: 519:) 505:. 481:. 441:. 421:: 395:. 212:( 34:. 20:)

Index

Soil-transmitted helminths
soil-transmitted helminthiasis
intestinal parasites
phylum
Nematoda
life cycle
intermediate hosts
vectors
parasitic infection
faecal
parasites
soil-transmitted helminthiasis
domesticated
mammals
juveniles
lungs
liver
families
nematodes
Ascarididae
Ascaris lumbricoides
Trichuridae
Trichuris trichiura
Ancylostomatidae
Ancylostoma duodenale
Necator americanus
Strongyloididae
Strongyloides stercoralis
Soil-transmitted helminthiasis
Ascariasis

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.