624:, though it grows naturally upright by habit and can thus be cultivated as a free-standing bush, though it is sometimes pruned on . Additionally, supports are sometimes used to keep the weight of the fruit from pulling the plant down. It has a fast growth rate and bears fruit within 4 to 6 months after planting. It is a perennial, but is usually cultivated as an annual. Seedlings are intolerant of weeds, but it can later easily compete with low growing weeds. Like their relatives tomatoes, eggplants, tomatillos and tamarillos, pepinos are extremely attractive to beetles, aphids, white flies and spider mites. Pepinos are tolerant of most soil types, but require constant moisture for good fruit production. Established bushes show some tolerance to drought stress, but this typically affects yield. The plants are
632:
57:
706:
75:
761:
718:
737:
749:
578:
698:
The study of the molecular variation of this pepino is of interest for several reasons. Although the seeds of pepino plants are fertile and produce vigorous offspring, this crop is primarily propagated by cuttings (Heiser, 1964; Anderson, 1979; Morley-Bunker, 1983), and as a consequence, its genetic
612:
The pepino dulce is relatively hardy. In its native range it grows at altitudes ranging from close to sea level up to 3,000 m (10,000 ft.). However, it performs best in a warm, relatively frost-free climate. The plant can survive a low temperature of -2.5 °C (27 to 28 °F) if the
695:. More commercially viable cultivars have been introduced from New Zealand and elsewhere in more recent times. As a result, the fruit has been introduced into up-scale markets in Japan, Europe and North America and it is slowly becoming less obscure outside of South America.
617:, but its sensitivity to chilling, pests, and diseases force the growers to replant the crop every year. The crop also adapts well to greenhouse cultivation, training the plants up to 2 m tall, and obtaining yields that are 2-3 times larger than those obtained outdoors.
569:
Pepinos are not often found archaeologically as they are soft and pulpy and not easy to preserve, while their tough seeds are small and easily lost among debris. But they were already described by early
Spanish chroniclers as being cultivated on the coast; the
478:) though the pepino dulce plant generally does not look much like a tree; it looks more like a ground cover, trailing plant. The present species is, however, a close relative of other
597:
by 1897. More commercially viable cultivars were introduced from New
Zealand and elsewhere towards the end of the 20th century, leading to its introduction into up-scale markets in
1182:
1221:
620:
They are propagated by cuttings since they are established easily without rooting hormones. It is grown in a manner similar to its relatives such as the
958:
1130:
1378:
1208:
1143:
1296:
1244:
1383:
1373:
776:
Delicate and mild-flavored, pepinos are often eaten as a fresh snack fruit. They combine very well with a number of other fruits as well.
667:
also grow the plant, but on a more local scale. Outside of the Andean region, it has been grown in various countries of
Central America,
561:
though it is not known in the wild and the details of its domestication are unknown. The pepino is a domesticated native of the Andes.
1388:
948:
655:. In Chile, more than 400 hectares are planted in the Longotoma Valley with an increasing proportion of the harvest being exported.
1169:
521:, but less often overseas because it is quite sensitive to handling and does not travel well. Attempts to produce commercial
438:("sweet cucumber" in English, in order to differentiate it from cucumber which is also called "pepino" in Spanish) or simply
1213:
727:
723:
1195:
1052:
1029:
916:
705:
36:"Pepino" redirects here; similar plants are also known by that name (see text). For the municipality in Toledo, see
1368:
1309:
1226:
896:
594:
74:
1249:
1314:
930:
888:
Blanca, José M.; Prohens, Jaime; Anderson, Gregory J.; Zuriaga, Elena; Cañizares, Joaquín & Nuez, Fernando
717:
1122:
1117:
1057:
972:
1010:
1148:
631:
191:
56:
1236:
1091:
1335:
1301:
1083:
215:
69:
940:
Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-known Plants of the Andes with
Promise for Worldwide Cultivation
1187:
760:
1270:
1065:
944:
652:
574:
in Peru was particularly famous for them. They were a popular decorative motif in Moche art.
807:
1363:
1275:
628:, meaning it needs no pollination to set fruit, though pollination will encourage fruiting.
451:
29:
1257:
920:
112:
1288:
793:
929:(1988): Beiträge zur Ökologie der Frucht- und Ertragsbildung von Solanum muricatum Ait.
748:
736:
1283:
625:
99:
882:
The Spirit of
Ancient Peru: Treasures from the Museo Arqueológico Rafael Larco Herrera
1357:
684:
606:
586:
422:
207:
37:
24:
1340:
1070:
876:
571:
1034:
1021:
904:
613:
freeze is not prolonged, though it may drop many of its leaves. The species is a
1156:
1004:
648:
526:
692:
479:
158:
995:
1104:
614:
590:
534:
415:
148:
1327:
1200:
577:
1262:
913:
890:(2007): AFLP and DNA sequence variation in an Andean domesticate, pepino (
1322:
1044:
989:
656:
550:
522:
502:
491:
455:
138:
125:
1135:
1078:
668:
664:
510:
411:
168:
1161:
688:
676:
621:
602:
546:
530:
483:
471:
966:
687:
several hundred hectares of the fruit are grown on a small scale in
1174:
1109:
680:
672:
644:
630:
598:
576:
558:
518:
506:
443:
426:
418:
86:
699:
structure could be different from that of seed-propagated crops.
660:
554:
514:
1096:
970:
894:, Solanaceae): implications for evolution and domestication.
545:
The pepino dulce is presumed to be native to the temperate
450:) in color, and its flavor recalls a succulent mixture of
979:
33:was also called thus by Bertero based on Dunal.
8:
967:
910:California Rare Fruit Growers, Inc. (CRFG)
794:"Solanum muricatum Aiton — the Plant List"
525:and to export the fruit have been made in
498:), which its own fruit closely resembles.
482:cultivated for their fruit, including the
55:
44:
923:. Version of 1996. Retrieved 2008-SEP-27.
589:the fruit is known to have been grown in
785:
701:
458:, and thus it is also sometimes called
835:
833:
831:
821:
819:
817:
64:Plant with flowers and ripening fruit
442:. The pepino dulce fruit resembles a
7:
1237:2b2c1ce2-a73e-4f36-8439-bdb91f149169
808:"Solanum muricatum [Aiton ]"
639:seen at a supermarket in Lima, Peru.
501:The fruit is common in markets in
14:
1315:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:820187-1
848:Berrin & Larco Museum (1997)
759:
747:
735:
716:
704:
643:The plant is grown primarily in
73:
425:and grown for its sweet edible
1379:Crops originating from Ecuador
884:. New York: Thames and Hudson.
1:
470:, is more often used for the
1384:Taxa named by William Aiton
1374:Crops originating from Peru
635:Main commercial variety of
1405:
942:. National Academy Press.
825:Popenoe (1989): pp.296-305
35:
18:
931:PDF fulltext Google Books
221:
214:
197:
190:
70:Scientific classification
68:
63:
54:
47:
1389:Plants described in 1789
963:. Retrieved 2008-SEP-27.
875:Berrin, Katherine &
541:Distribution and habitat
679:, and the highlands of
466:. Another common name,
19:This page is about the
711:Flower and flower buds
640:
582:
634:
581:Moche ceramic pepinos
580:
276:Carrière & André
257:Solanum pedunculatum
225:Solanum guatemalense
936:Popenoe, Hugh (ed.)
593:before 1889 and in
260:Roem. & Schult.
249:Solanum melaniferum
241:Solanum longifolium
919:2009-01-21 at the
641:
583:
289:Solanum variegatum
233:Solanum hebephorum
1369:Edible Solanaceae
1351:
1350:
1271:Open Tree of Life
1011:Solanum muricatum
981:Solanum muricatum
973:Taxon identifiers
960:Solanum muricatum
955:Solanaceae Source
951:
892:Solanum muricatum
653:Western Australia
637:Solanum muricatum
407:Solanum muricatum
403:
402:
397:
389:Solanum muricatum
385:
377:Solanum muricatum
373:
365:Solanum muricatum
361:
353:Solanum muricatum
349:
341:Solanum muricatum
337:
329:Solanum muricatum
325:
317:Solanum muricatum
313:
305:Solanum muricatum
301:
293:
285:
277:
273:Solanum saccianum
269:
265:Solanum saccianum
261:
253:
245:
237:
229:
201:Solanum muricatum
183:S. muricatum
49:Solanum muricatum
21:Solanum muricatum
1396:
1344:
1343:
1331:
1330:
1318:
1317:
1305:
1304:
1292:
1291:
1279:
1278:
1266:
1265:
1253:
1252:
1240:
1239:
1230:
1229:
1217:
1216:
1204:
1203:
1191:
1190:
1178:
1177:
1165:
1164:
1152:
1151:
1139:
1138:
1126:
1125:
1113:
1112:
1100:
1099:
1087:
1086:
1074:
1073:
1061:
1060:
1048:
1047:
1038:
1037:
1025:
1024:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1000:
999:
998:
968:
956:
943:
937:
928:
927:Hermann, Michael
911:
903:(7): 1219–1229.
889:
879:
862:
855:
849:
846:
840:
837:
826:
823:
812:
811:
804:
798:
797:
790:
763:
751:
739:
720:
708:
395:
383:
371:
359:
347:
335:
323:
311:
299:
297:Solanum wallisii
291:
283:
275:
267:
259:
251:
244:Sessé & Moc.
243:
235:
227:
203:
78:
77:
59:
45:
16:Species of plant
1404:
1403:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1339:
1334:
1326:
1321:
1313:
1308:
1300:
1295:
1287:
1282:
1274:
1269:
1261:
1258:Observation.org
1256:
1248:
1243:
1235:
1233:
1225:
1220:
1212:
1207:
1199:
1194:
1186:
1181:
1173:
1168:
1160:
1155:
1147:
1142:
1134:
1129:
1121:
1116:
1108:
1103:
1095:
1090:
1082:
1077:
1069:
1064:
1056:
1051:
1043:
1041:
1033:
1028:
1020:
1018:
1009:
1008:
1003:
994:
993:
988:
975:
954:
935:
926:
921:Wayback Machine
909:
887:
874:
871:
866:
865:
856:
852:
847:
843:
838:
829:
824:
815:
806:
805:
801:
792:
791:
787:
782:
774:
767:
764:
755:
752:
743:
740:
731:
721:
712:
709:
567:
543:
488:S. lycopersicum
432:It is known as
333:papillosistylum
292:Ruiz & Pav.
281:Solanum scabrum
252:Moric. ex Dunal
210:
205:
199:
186:
72:
41:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1402:
1400:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1356:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1341:wfo-0001029709
1332:
1319:
1306:
1293:
1280:
1267:
1254:
1241:
1231:
1218:
1205:
1192:
1179:
1166:
1153:
1140:
1127:
1114:
1101:
1088:
1075:
1062:
1049:
1039:
1026:
1016:
1001:
985:
983:
977:
976:
971:
965:
964:
952:
933:
924:
907:
885:
870:
867:
864:
863:
850:
841:
827:
813:
799:
784:
783:
781:
778:
773:
770:
769:
768:
765:
758:
756:
753:
746:
744:
741:
734:
732:
722:
715:
713:
710:
703:
626:parthenocarpic
566:
563:
542:
539:
401:
400:
399:
398:
386:
374:
362:
350:
338:
326:
314:
302:
294:
286:
278:
270:
262:
254:
246:
238:
230:
219:
218:
212:
211:
206:
195:
194:
188:
187:
180:
178:
174:
173:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
136:
129:
128:
123:
116:
115:
110:
103:
102:
97:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
61:
60:
52:
51:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1401:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1342:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1017:
1012:
1006:
1002:
997:
991:
987:
986:
984:
982:
978:
974:
969:
962:
961:
953:
950:
949:0-309-04264-X
946:
941:
934:
932:
925:
922:
918:
915:
908:
906:
902:
899:
898:
893:
886:
883:
878:
873:
872:
868:
860:
854:
851:
845:
842:
836:
834:
832:
828:
822:
820:
818:
814:
809:
803:
800:
795:
789:
786:
779:
777:
771:
762:
757:
750:
745:
738:
733:
729:
725:
719:
714:
707:
702:
700:
696:
694:
690:
686:
685:United States
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
638:
633:
629:
627:
623:
618:
616:
610:
608:
607:North America
604:
600:
596:
595:Santa Barbara
592:
588:
587:United States
579:
575:
573:
564:
562:
560:
556:
552:
548:
540:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
499:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
476:Carica papaya
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
436:
430:
428:
424:
423:South America
420:
417:
413:
409:
408:
394:
390:
387:
382:
378:
375:
370:
366:
363:
358:
354:
351:
346:
342:
339:
334:
330:
327:
322:
318:
315:
310:
306:
303:
298:
295:
290:
287:
282:
279:
274:
271:
266:
263:
258:
255:
250:
247:
242:
239:
234:
231:
226:
223:
222:
220:
217:
213:
209:
204:
202:
196:
193:
192:Binomial name
189:
185:
184:
179:
176:
175:
172:
171:
167:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
153:
150:
147:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
131:
130:
127:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
100:Tracheophytes
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
62:
58:
53:
50:
46:
43:
39:
38:Pepino, Spain
32:
31:
26:
25:William Aiton
23:described by
22:
1289:tro-29601697
980:
959:
939:
914:Pepino Dulce
905:PDF fulltext
900:
895:
891:
881:
877:Larco Museum
858:
853:
844:
802:
788:
775:
772:Culinary use
766:Ripe fruits.
697:
642:
636:
619:
611:
584:
572:Moche Valley
568:
544:
500:
496:S. melongena
495:
494:/aubergine (
487:
475:
467:
463:
460:pepino melon
459:
448:Cucumis melo
447:
439:
435:pepino dulce
434:
433:
431:
406:
405:
404:
393:teleutogenum
392:
388:
380:
376:
368:
364:
356:
352:
344:
340:
332:
328:
320:
316:
308:
304:
296:
288:
280:
272:
264:
256:
248:
240:
232:
224:
200:
198:
182:
181:
169:
132:
119:
106:
93:
48:
42:
28:
20:
1157:iNaturalist
1005:Wikispecies
897:Am. J. Bot.
839:CRFG (1996)
754:Cut in half
742:Cut in half
726:(left) and
649:New Zealand
565:Cultivation
549:regions of
537:and Chile.
527:New Zealand
480:nightshades
345:parvifolium
321:glaberrimum
113:Angiosperms
30:S. furcatum
1358:Categories
1284:Plant List
780:References
693:California
490:) and the
468:tree melon
464:melon pear
421:native to
381:protogenum
369:praecedens
159:Solanaceae
1123:242433928
869:Footnotes
683:. In the
615:perennial
591:San Diego
535:Mauritius
523:cultivars
416:evergreen
357:popayanum
309:dissectum
177:Species:
149:Solanales
83:Kingdom:
1328:29601697
1323:Tropicos
1188:11404359
1175:820187-1
1042:BioLib:
990:Wikidata
938:(1989):
917:Archived
912:(1996):
880:(1997):
728:proximal
657:Colombia
551:Colombia
503:Colombia
492:eggplant
456:cucumber
452:honeydew
300:Carrière
216:Synonyms
155:Family:
139:Asterids
126:Eudicots
1364:Solanum
1136:2931290
1079:Ecocrop
1058:1112553
996:Q135928
857:Blanca
669:Morocco
665:Ecuador
585:In the
511:Bolivia
412:species
324:Correll
170:Solanum
165:Genus:
145:Order:
87:Plantae
1297:PLANTS
1276:785114
1263:371856
1234:NZOR:
1227:205567
1214:505840
1162:290744
1149:101310
1097:595310
1035:151180
1022:119822
1019:APDB:
947:
861:(2007)
859:et al.
724:Distal
689:Hawaii
677:Israel
663:, and
622:tomato
603:Europe
547:Andean
531:Turkey
484:tomato
472:papaya
440:pepino
396:Bitter
384:Bitter
372:Bitter
360:Bitter
336:Bitter
268:Naudin
1302:SOMU5
1245:NZPCN
1201:50538
1183:IRMNG
1110:SOLMU
1071:4Y3F3
1045:62308
681:Kenya
673:Spain
645:Chile
599:Japan
559:Chile
519:Kenya
507:Chile
444:melon
427:fruit
419:shrub
410:is a
391:var.
379:var.
367:var.
355:var.
348:Kunth
343:var.
331:var.
312:Dunal
307:var.
236:Dunal
228:Hort.
208:Aiton
133:Clade
120:Clade
107:Clade
94:Clade
1310:POWO
1250:2763
1222:NCBI
1209:ITIS
1170:IPNI
1144:GRIN
1131:GBIF
1105:EPPO
1084:2528
1053:BOLD
1030:APNI
945:ISBN
730:ends
691:and
661:Peru
651:and
605:and
557:and
555:Peru
517:and
515:Peru
454:and
284:Lam.
1336:WFO
1196:ISC
1118:FNA
1092:EoL
1066:CoL
462:or
414:of
319:f.
1360::
1338::
1325::
1312::
1299::
1286::
1273::
1260::
1247::
1224::
1211::
1198::
1185::
1172::
1159::
1146::
1133::
1120::
1107::
1094::
1081::
1068::
1055::
1032::
1007::
992::
957::
901:94
830:^
816:^
675:,
671:,
659:,
647:,
609:.
601:,
553:,
533:,
529:,
513:,
509:,
505:,
429:.
135::
122::
109::
96::
27:.
810:.
796:.
486:(
474:(
446:(
40:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
