1029:
968:
1077:
22:
451:
30:
707:
533:) breed on beaches north and south of Coffs Harbour, between October and February, before departing on their annual migration to eastern Asia. A Little Tern Recovery Program is managed by National Parks and Wildlife Service who aim to help the species recover sufficient numbers. Wedge-tailed shearwaters (
171:
Vegetation types in the Marine Park include freshwater and marine ecosystems as well as, mangroves and saline communities, frontal dune and foreshore communities and exposed high dune sand systems. Millar (1990), records 119 species of Red Algae from the Coffs
Harbour Region, including 22 which were
1040:
Maritime Parks
Authority and is split into 4 management zones: Sanctuary zones (12%) which provide the highest level of environmental protection, with all fishing activities prohibited. Habitat protection zones (54%) allow for many recreational activities such as fishing but provides a high level of
958:
The
Solitary Islands region contains the southernmost extensive coral communities in coastal eastern Australia. The East Australian Current transports the coral larvae from the warm tropical waters, and with 90 reported species, there are approximately quarter of the species recorded on the Great
118:
The
Solitary Island Marine Park contains a diverse range of habitats including intertidal and subtidal reefs, soft sediments, beaches, seagrass beds, mangroves, saltmarsh and open waters, which support a large variety of fauna and flora. The northern section of the marine park borders the Yuragir
109:
sailed past the
Solitary Islands and noted their position in his journal, “Between 2 and 4 we had some small rocky Islands between us and the land the southernmost lies in the Latitude of 30°10' and the northernmost in 29°58' and about 2 Leagues or more from the land.” He named them the "Solitary
975:
Even though the Marine Park is a protected zone, commercial fishing and recreational activities such as fishing, crabbing, boating and scuba diving are allowed in some zones of the park. Environmental threats to the
Solitary Islands Marine Park may include pollution, introduced predators, oil
893:
At depths greater than 25 metres the sea bottom is dominated by sponges and invertebrates. More than 700 species of molluscs (snails and shellfish) and coral are found in the Marine Park. Invertebrate species found include blue-bottles, sea-squirts, sea-whips and black coral
858:) and occasional sightings of leatherback turtles. Nesting green turtles and loggerhead turtles have been recorded on several beaches, with some eggs hatching successfully. Only a few species of sea snakes have been recorded in the region, including the Elegant sea snake (
139:
Historic Site which covers 11 hectares and incorporates the lighthouse and keepers cottages built in 1879. Prior to
European settlement, none of these islands had been inhabited, burned or subject to grazing animals. A fragile balanced ecology had built up over centuries.
119:
National Park, between Sandon River and Red Rock, which contains several open and closed lakes and lagoons. As well as bordering Moonee Beach Nature
Reserve, Garby Nature Reserve at Arrawarra, and Coffs Coast Regional Park, it also incorporates
721:), who has a preference for gutters in reefs and submarine caves. However the most significant habitat for the grey nurse shark in the Marine Park is South Solitary Island, though they do occur throughout the park. The Great white shark (
547:, on the southern boundary of the Marine Park. There are over 5500 breeding pairs on Muttonbird Island, but breeding occurs on some of the other islands as well. Other breeding birds recorded on the islands include Little Penguins (
182:
are found in sheltered estuarine environments in a transitional zone between land and sea, generally in an intertidal area and provide habitat for many fish, birds and invertebrates. Two types of mangroves dominate, grey mangrove
637:) who are residents throughout the year. Of particular interest in the Marine Park and Reserve are those species listed as threatened and subject to national and international conventions. These mammals include humpback whales (
714:
858 species of fish are found in the
Solitary Islands Marine Park. The area around Pimpernel Rock, at the northern end of the Solitary Islands Marine Reserve (Commonwealth Waters) is favoured by the endangered Grey nurse shark
198:
The vegetation on the islands and headlands in the region are dwarf grassy heath and rocky heath that struggle with shallow soils and salty winds. Threatened plant species found growing on the headlands, include Carpet Star
995:
Introduced domestic animals on South
Solitary Island during the days of lighthouse keepers, destroyed the natural vegetation, and eroded topsoil, which in turn caused the nesting Wedgetail shearwaters’ burrows to collapse.
1041:
environmental protection. General use zone (34%) allows commercial fishing as well as a wider range of activities, and lastly the Special Purpose zones (0.1% of park) cover sites of cultural significance to the
643:), who are commonly encountered in the area as they migrate north to their breeding grounds in June and July, and then again between September and November when they return south, Southern right whales (
1536:
Gill, R. E., Douglas, D. C., Handel, C. M., Tibbitts, T. L., Hufford, G., & Piersma, T. (2014). Hemispheric-scale wind selection facilitates bar-tailed godwit circum-migration of the Pacific.
1184:
Cook, J. (1770). A Chart of New South Wales, or the East Coast of New Holland. Discover'd and Explored By Lieutenant J. Cook, Commander of his Majesty's Bark Endeavour, in the Year MDCCLXX. from
698:) have been found on Muttonbird Island, which is connected to the mainland by a causeway, however National Parks and Wildlife Service have an eradication program in place to control this.
1097:
NSW Marine Parks Authority. (2011). Solitary Island Marine Park & Solitary Islands Marine Reserve (Commonwealth Waters) - zoning summary and user guide. Retrieved 20/05/2015, from
86:
and lakes and extends from the mean high water mark, to three nautical miles out to sea, covering an area of around 72,000 hectares. There are five main islands in the Park,
1502:
NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service. (2008). Little Terns of the Coffs Coast- Bongil Bongil National Park and Hearnes Lake: Dept of Environment & Climate Change NSW.
1248:
Variation in sea temperature and the East Australian Current in the Solitary Islands region between 2001-2008. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 28
1677:
143:
The coastal areas adjoining the Marine Park are high in species richness and endemism and the waters around the Solitary Islands are strongly influenced by the warm
1617:
Harriott, V. J., Smith, S. D. A., & Harrison, P. L. (1994). Patterns of coral community structure of subtropical reefs in the Solitary Islands Marine Reserve,
1006:
Due to the rocky nature of the area, a number of ships were wrecked on the northern NSW coast. This led to the construction of a series of lighthouses, with the
1588:
Möller, L., Valdez, F. P., Allen, S., Bilgmann, K., Corrigan, S., & Beheregaray, L. B. (2011). Fine-scale genetic structure in short-beaked common dolphins (
950:). Commercial prawn trawling is allowed in the general use area of the Park and crab and lobster trapping in both the general use and habitat protected areas.
1098:
34:
1608:
NSW Marine Parks Authority. (2011b). Solitary Island Marine Park & Solitary Islands Marine Reserve (Commonwealth Waters) - zoning summary and user guide.
1410:
Floyd, R. B., & Swanson, N. M. (1983). Wedge-tailed Shearwaters on Muttonbird Island: an estimate of the breeding success and the breeding population.
1716:
25:
Sunrise over Solitary Islands Marine Park, NSW, Australia. Left to Right: South West Solitary Island, South Solitary Island, Split Solitary Island
1052:
Public Moorings: A number of public moorings have been installed in the Park, and are located within the sanctuary zone around Northwest Rock,
544:
1049:
with its lighthouse and cottages is a historic site. Visiting the island is allowed for two weekends of the year, in July, by helicopter.
1556:, & Driscoll, P. V. (2007). Determinants of preferred intertidal feeding habitat for Eastern Curlew: A study at two spatial scales.
354:(small islet at northern end of South Solitary Island): Wandering Jew, Coast Morning Glory, New Zealand Spinach, Coastal yellow Pea (
1028:
506:) are local shorebirds that breed in the Marine Park. It also periodically hosts three endangered marine birds, Gould’s Petrel (
120:
71:
1080:
Original prisms from South Solitary Island lighthouse, prior to solar power being installed. Now stored at Coffs Harbour Museum.
561:
482:
depend on marine and estuaryine habitats. The Solitary Islands are an important breeding area for marine birds such as Osprey (
679:) and dogs were introduced to the island to the detriment of the vegetation, but these animals have since been removed. Rats (
1653:
NSW Marine Parks Authority. (nd). Solitary Islands Marine Park: Consultation & Management. Retrieved 20/05/2015, from
1020:
Litter in marine environments is a threat to seabirds, causing entanglement or ingestion of debris, often leading to death.
1099:
http://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/8f451416-4b49-4eac-8287-4153281f2ae5/files/solitary-user-guide-map.pdf
1511:
NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service. (2004). Muttonbird Island - Nature Reserve: Dept of Environment and Conservation.
55:
State waters, Australia. It adjoins the Solitary Islands Marine Reserve (Commonwealth Waters) and was declared under the
967:
1477:
NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service. (nd). Shorebirds of the Coffs Coast: NSW Office of Environment & Heritage.
1076:
62:
in January 1998. Prior to this it was declared a marine reserve in 1991. The Park was one of the first declared in
1061:
1057:
1000:
155:
regions, and the sea temperature patterns within the Solitary Islands region explains the cross-shelf gradients in
128:
124:
95:
91:
784:
625:
Around 30 species of marine mammals have been recorded in the region, including the Short-beaked common dolphin (
582:
301:
289:
102:
and Split Solitary Island, as well as other significant outcrops such as Muttonbird Island and submerged reefs.
1304:
21:
770:) is known as "Fish Soup” and has a very high diversity of fish. Tropical predators like spangled emperor (
490:
402:
344:
225:
144:
1561:
1214:
604:) and Osprey are often seen hunting for fish in the Marine Park, and waterbirds such as herons and egrets (
338:
163:
overlap here, and for many species the Marine Park may represent either their northern or southern limits.
1669:
1042:
881:
854:
739:
727:) is also seen around Pimpernel Rock. There are many species of reef fish in the Park, including snapper (
723:
639:
594:
555:
496:
438:
191:
1303:
NSW Office of Environment and Heritage. (2013). Austral Toadflax - profile. Retrieved 20/05/2015, from
1065:
1053:
1046:
1007:
809:
803:
767:
755:) that are attractive to commercial and recreational fishermen. Commercial fishing fleets operate from
669:
660:
651:
520:
508:
326:
283:
237:
136:
132:
99:
87:
1577:
1491:
The marine environment of northern New South Wales: a review of current knowledge and existing datasets
1294:
NPWS North Coast Region. (2003). Moonee Beach Nature Reserve: NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service.
1235:
414:
396:
332:
261:
213:
207:
376:: Climbing Saltbush, Variable Groundsel, Pigface, Wandering Jew, Coastal Yellow Pea and Sword Bean (
778:
772:
645:
613:
502:
1553:
1262:
Millar, A. J. K. (1990). Marine red algae of the Coffs Harbour region, northern New South Wales.
988:
920:
828:
790:
633:
588:
535:
529:
432:
390:
366:
307:
295:
255:
1597:
1209:
Chrisp, M. D., Laffan, S., Linder, H. P., & Munro, A. (2001). Endemism in Australian flora.
450:
1572:
Weishu, H., & Purchase, D. (1987). Migration of Banded Waders between China and Australia.
982:
860:
717:
681:
627:
484:
426:
29:
866:
576:
574:
Migratory shorebirds that spend the summers at the Marine Park, like the Bar-tailed Godwit (
514:
243:
231:
201:
185:
1037:
932:
875:
848:
751:
600:
549:
378:
249:
148:
67:
63:
58:
52:
1622:
1523:
Lane, S. G. (1979). Summary of the breeding seabirds on New South Wales coastal islands.
1344:
Lane, S. G. (1975a). Seabird Islands No 10, South-West Solitary Island, New South Wales.
1331:
Morris, A. K. (1975). Seabird Islands No12, North-West Solitary Island, New South Wales.
1230:
Zann, L. P. (2000). The Eastern Australian Region: a Dynamic Tropical/Temperate Biotone.
1185:
592:), breed in Siberia, Alaska or the Arctic. Raptors such as the White-breasted Sea-eagle (
1446:
Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 4: Parrots to Dollarbird
1003:, caused by fishermen, destroyed much vegetation, killing nesting birds and their eggs.
1172:
Cook, J. (1771). Journal of H.M.S. Endeavour, 1768-1771 . Retrieved 20/05/2015, from
1151:
NSW Marine Parks Authority. (2008). Natural values of the Solitary Islands Marine Park.
914:
842:
796:
729:
420:
1463:
Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 2: Raptors to Lapwings
1710:
977:
926:
822:
756:
694:
567:
479:
152:
75:
1654:
1362:
Lane, S. G. (1975b). Seabird Islands No 14, South Solitary Island, New South Wales.
873:
The only reptile recorded on Muttonbird Island since 1969 is Burton’s Snake Lizard (
1541:
1459:
Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 3: Snipe to Pigeons
1431:
Swanson, N. M. (1976). Seabird Islands No 32, Mutton Bird Island, New South Wales.
1378:
Lane, S. G. (1974b). Seabird Islands No 9. Split Solitary Island, New South Wales.
1318:
Lane, S. G. (1974a). Seabird Islands No 6, North Solitary Island, New South Wales.
896:
815:
675:
412:: Pigface, Tuckeroo, Wandering Jew, Dusky Coral Pea, Prickly couch, Weeping grass (
356:
79:
1251:
1014:
908:
706:
540:
324:: vegetation consists mainly of grasses including Prickly couch, Whiskey grass (
48:
902:
745:
471:
467:
106:
1692:
1679:
1305:
http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/threatenedspeciesapp/profile.aspx?id=10802
945:
938:
475:
313:
179:
1394:
Lane, S. G. (1976). Seabird Islands No 33, Korffs Islet, New South Wales.
1246:
Malcolm, H. A., Davies, P. L., Jordan, A., & Smith, S. D. A. (2011).
463:
1415:
156:
1267:
687:
667:
While there was a lighthouse keeper on South Solitary Island, rabbits (
606:
488:), while threatened species such as the Australian Pied Oystercatcher (
83:
1117:
Solitary Islands Marine Reserve (Commonwealth Waters) Management Plan.
658:
At the edge of the marine park, the endangered Little Bent-wing Bat, (
1173:
1670:
Map of the eastern coast of Australia including the Solitary Islands
1075:
1027:
966:
760:
705:
449:
160:
28:
20:
275:), Wandering Jew, Coast Morning Glory are predominant species.
1013:
During the 1960s and 70s many of the beaches were affected by
980:, and tourism. Introduced pests such as the Pacific Oyster (
1457:
Higgins, P. J., & Davies, S. J. J. F. (Eds.). (1996).
930:), prawns (all species in family Penaeidae) and crayfish (
840:
Marine turtles are common in the Park, with green turtle (
1642:
Solitary Islands group of reserves: Draft Management Plan
539:), called Muttonbirds by early settlers, migrate to the
1162:
Solitary Islands Marine Park - Southern Sanctuary Zone.
1619:
Eastern Australia. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 109
1406:
1404:
1186:
http://southseas.nla.gov.au/journals/maps/zoom_au.html
1032:
South Solitary Island lighthouse and keepers' cottages
976:
spills, humans, dredging, sewage outfalls, shipping,
766:
The area on the western side of North West Rock (off
1489:
Rule, M. J., Jordan, A., & McIlgorm, A. (2007).
1473:
1471:
18:
Marine protected area in New South Wales, Australia
1036:The Solitary Island Marine Park is managed by the
543:, but return annually to a major breeding site at
205:), which is endemic to the Coffs Harbour region, (
82:, 75 kilometres to the north. It includes coastal
1655:http://www.mpa.nsw.gov.au/simp-consulatation.html
1640:NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service. (2012).
1278:NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service. (1998).
1147:
1145:
1493:. Coffs Harbour: National Marine Science Centre.
1143:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1093:
1091:
1089:
971:Queen Mary 2 sailing past South Solitary Island.
1290:
1288:
749:) as well as pelagic species such as kingfish (
664:) roost in caves on the Moonee Beach headland.
151:lies at the juncture of tropical and temperate
1111:
1109:
1107:
1045:community, research sites and oyster leases.
281:: Pigface, Wandering Jew, Variable groundsel (
1636:
1634:
1632:
1630:
33:Solitary Island Marine Park, NSW, Australia.
8:
131:Nature Reserve, North Rock Nature Reserve,
1427:
1425:
1423:
1374:
1372:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1314:
1312:
1644:. NSW Office of Environment and Heritage.
1519:
1517:
1390:
1388:
992:) are occasionally recorded in the area.
912:species) and crustaceans such as crabs (
617:), are regularly seen in the estuaries.
388:: Pigface, Prickly couch, Summer grass (
123:, Split Solitary Island Nature Reserve,
1485:
1483:
1198:Coffs Harbour. Vol 1: Pre- 1880 to 1945
1085:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1200:. Coffs Harbour: Bananacoast Printers.
454:Pair of Australian Pied Oystercatchers
159:patterns. Both tropical and temperate
1592:) along the East Australian Current.
1562:doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2006.01658.x
1465:. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
1448:. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
1215:doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2699.2001.00524.x
1064:(Groper Is.), Split Solitary Island,
7:
1160:NSW Marine Parks Authority. (2013).
1010:lighthouse being completed in 1870.
986:) and the Crown-of-thorns starfish (
436:), and introduced Spiny burr grass (
271:: Pigface, Saltbush, Prickly Couch (
147:. The continental shelf of northern
35:(For more detailed map, click here).
1115:Commonwealth of Australia. (2001).
305:), Prickly Couch, Dusky Coral Pea (
1174:http://nla.gov.au/nla.ms-ms1-s236r
611:), as well as sacred kingfishers (
14:
1542:doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.01.020
1236:doi:10.1016/S0025-326X(00)00110-7
66:and stretches along the northern
1264:Australian Systematic Biology, 3
1119:Environment Australia, Canberra.
963:Environmental threats and issues
885:) were plentiful prior to 1930.
879:) though Eastern Water Dragons (
864:) and Yellow-bellied sea snake (
121:Muttonbird Island Nature Reserve
1717:Marine parks of New South Wales
562:Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae
172:new records for Australia, and
1444:Higgins, P. J. (Ed.). (1999).
1433:The Australian Bird Bander, 14
1396:The Australian Bird Bander, 14
1380:The Australian Bird Bander, 12
1364:The Australian Bird Bander, 13
1346:The Australian Bird Bander, 13
1333:The Australian Bird Bander, 13
1320:The Australian Bird Bander, 12
1280:Zieria prostrata Recovery Plan
1252:doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.09.030
1:
1598:doi:10.1007/s00227-010-1546-x
1232:Marine Pollution Bulletin, 41
518:) and Southern Giant Petrel (
174:Dictyothamnion (D. saltatum)
41:Solitary Islands Marine Park
1211:Journal of Biogeography, 28
586:) and the Ruddy Turnstone (
253:), Yellow-flowered Oxalis (
1733:
1062:South West Solitary Island
1058:North West Solitary Island
1001:South West Solitary Island
631:) and bottlenose dolphin (
500:) and Beach Stone-curlew (
279:South-West Solitary Island
269:North-West Solitary Island
176:constituting a new genus.
129:North West Solitary Island
125:South West Solitary Island
96:South West Solitary Island
92:North West Solitary Island
1196:Yeates, N. T. M. (1990).
807:), snapper, red morwong (
785:Lutjanus argentimaculatus
583:Numenius madagascariensis
527:Endangered Little Terns (
311:), and Shore Spleenwort (
302:Cupaniopsis anacardioides
290:Tetragonia tetragonioides
553:), Black-winged Petrel (
512:), Wandering Albatross (
494:), Sooty Oystercatcher (
287:), New Zealand Spinach (
247:), Coast Morning Glory (
211:) and Austral Toadflax (
78:, to Plover Island near
1623:doi: 10.3354/meps109067
900:), as well as oysters (
801:) occur with mulloway (
491:Haematopus longirostris
403:Sesuvium portulacastrum
345:Stenotaphrum secundatum
226:Carpobrotus glaucescens
145:East Australian Current
135:Nature Reserve and the
105:On 15 May 1770, Lieut.
1693:30.20167°S 153.26750°E
1574:Colonial Waterbirds,10
1416:doi:10.1071/MU9820244s
1081:
1033:
999:An accidental fire on
972:
882:Physignathus lesueurii
855:Eretmochelys imbricata
846:), loggerhead turtle (
794:) and brown sweetlip (
740:Nemadactylus douglasii
724:Carcharodon carcharias
711:
640:Megaptera novaeangliae
595:Haliaeetus leucogaster
556:Pterodroma nigripennis
455:
336:), Slender mudgrass, (
293:), Climbing Saltbush (
192:Aegiceras corniculatum
189:) and river mangrove (
57:Marine Parks Act 1997
37:
26:
1268:doi:10.1071/SB9900293
1079:
1066:South Solitary Island
1054:North Solitary Island
1047:South Solitary Island
1031:
1008:South Solitary Island
970:
852:), hawksbill turtle (
810:Cheilodactylus fuscus
804:Argyrosomus japonicus
768:North Solitary Island
709:
670:Oryctolagus cuniculus
661:Miniopterus australis
652:Balaenoptera musculus
521:Macronectes giganteus
509:Pterodroma leucoptera
453:
442:) which have spread.
362:Hydrocotyle acutiloba
342:) and Buffalo grass (
339:Pseudoraphis paradoxa
330:), Durrington grass (
327:Andropogon virginicus
322:South Solitary Island
238:Digitaria sanguinalis
221:North Solitary Island
137:South Solitary Island
133:North Solitary Island
110:Isles" on his chart.
100:South Solitary Island
88:North Solitary Island
32:
24:
1698:-30.20167; 153.26750
1578:doi: 10.2307/1521239
1538:Animal Behaviour, 90
826:spp.) and tarwhine (
813:), silver trevally (
776:), bigeye trevally (
746:Glaucosoma scapulare
565:) and Crested Tern (
439:Cenchrus caliculatus
415:Microlaena stipoides
400:) and Sea purslane (
397:Enchylaena tomentosa
208:Plectranthus cremnus
1689: /
1594:Marine Biology, 158
1558:Austral Ecology, 32
1068:and Surgeons Reef.
779:Caranx sexfasciatus
773:Lethrinus nebulosus
743:) and pearl perch (
649:) and Blue whales (
646:Eubalaena australis
614:Todiramphus sanctus
580:), Eastern Curlew (
503:Esacus magnirostris
1461:. (Eds.). (1993).
1082:
1034:
989:Acanthaster planci
973:
921:Portunus pelagicus
829:Rhabdosargus sarba
791:Lutjanus russellii
782:), mangrove jack (
735:Choerodon venustus
712:
634:Tursiops truncates
598:) Brahminy kite (
589:Arenaria interpres
536:Puffinus pacificus
530:Sternula albifrons
456:
433:Flagellaria indica
394:), Ruby saltbush (
391:Digitaria ciliaris
379:Canavalia maritima
367:Portulaca oleracea
308:Kennedia rubicunda
256:Oxalis corniculata
241:), Wandering Jew (
38:
27:
1590:Delphinus delphis
983:Crassostrea gigas
861:Hydrophis elegans
737:), blue morwong (
718:Carcharias taurus
682:Rattus norvegicus
628:Delphinus delphis
559:), Silver Gulls (
545:Muttonbird Island
485:Pandion cristatus
427:Dianella caerulea
410:Muttonbird Island
235:), Summer grass (
98:(Groper Island),
72:Muttonbird Island
1724:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1682:
1657:
1651:
1645:
1638:
1625:
1615:
1609:
1606:
1600:
1586:
1580:
1570:
1564:
1554:Catterall, C. P.
1550:
1544:
1534:
1528:
1521:
1512:
1509:
1503:
1500:
1494:
1487:
1478:
1475:
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1442:
1436:
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1399:
1392:
1383:
1376:
1367:
1360:
1349:
1342:
1336:
1329:
1323:
1316:
1307:
1301:
1295:
1292:
1283:
1282:. Sydney: NPWS.
1276:
1270:
1260:
1254:
1244:
1238:
1228:
1217:
1207:
1201:
1194:
1188:
1182:
1176:
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1164:
1158:
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1120:
1113:
1102:
1095:
867:Pelamis platurus
788:), moses perch (
710:Grey Nurse Shark
577:Limosa lapponica
515:Diomedea exulans
333:Axonopus affinis
273:Zoisia macrantha
259:) and Saltbush (
244:Commelina cyanea
232:Cynodon dactylon
229:), Couch grass (
202:Zieria prostrata
186:Avicennia marina
127:Nature Reserve,
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933:Jasus verreauxi
891:
876:Lialis burtonis
849:Caretta caretta
838:
752:Seriola lalandi
704:
685:), bandicoots (
623:
601:Haliastur indus
550:Eudyptula minor
461:
448:
364:) and Pigweed (
296:Rhagodia nutans
262:Ragodia hastata
250:Ipomoea cairica
214:Thesium austral
169:
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53:New South Wales
19:
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1664:External links
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1560:(2), 131-144.
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837:
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797:Plectorhinchus
733:), tusk fish (
730:Pagrus auratus
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497:H. fuliginosus
460:
457:
447:
444:
430:), Bull Cane (
424:), Flax Lily (
421:Lantana camara
374:Split Solitary
360:), Pennywort (
284:Senecio Lautus
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70:coast, from
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1696: /
1684:153°16′03″E
1596:, 113-126.
1576:, 106-110.
1540:, 117-130.
1414:, 244-250.
1266:, 293-593.
1234:, 188-203.
1213:, 183-198.
1015:sand mining
909:Crassostrea
541:Philippines
386:Korfs Islet
223:: Pigface (
49:marine park
1681:30°12′06″S
1525:Corella, 3
1072:References
1043:Aboriginal
1024:Management
903:Saccostrea
820:), bream (
818:georgianus
673:), goats (
468:shorebirds
107:James Cook
1621:, 67-76.
946:Panulirus
939:Scyllarus
476:waterfowl
316:obtusatum
314:Asplenium
180:Mangroves
84:estuaries
1711:Category
1435:, 88-89.
1366:, 80-82.
1348:, 14-15.
1335:, 58-59.
1322:, 14-15.
836:Reptiles
799:gibbosus
464:Seabirds
1527:, 7-10.
1412:Emu, 82
688:Isoodon
621:Mammals
607:Egretta
480:raptors
114:Ecology
47:) is a
472:waders
352:Birdie
161:faunas
157:biotic
1398:, 92.
1382:, 79.
954:Coral
761:Wooli
459:Birds
446:Fauna
167:Flora
59:(NSW)
948:spp.
943:and
941:spp.
924:and
906:and
759:and
702:Fish
690:spp.
478:and
45:SIMP
1038:NSW
870:).
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609:spp
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149:NSW
68:NSW
64:NSW
51:in
1713::
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894:(
715:(
199:(
183:(
43:(
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