381:, signifying "to withdraw", "to depart into the country outside the circumvallate city") is often used as a synonym for hermit, not only in the earliest written sources but throughout the centuries. Yet the anchoritic life, while similar to the eremitic life, can also be distinct from it. Anchorites lived the religious life in the solitude of an "anchorhold" (or "anchorage"), usually a small hut or "cell", typically built against a church. The door of an anchorage tended to be bricked up in a special ceremony conducted by the local bishop after the anchorite had moved in. Medieval churches survive that have a tiny window ("squint") built into the shared wall near the
634:, those who make application to their diocesan bishop and who persevere in whatever preparatory program the bishop requires, take vows that include lifelong celibacy. They are referred to as solitaries rather than hermits. Each selects a bishop other than their diocesan as an additional spiritual resource and, if necessary, an intermediary. At the start of the twenty-first century, the Church of England reported a notable increase in the number of applications from people seeking to live the single consecrated life as Anglican hermits or solitaries. A religious community known as the Solitaries of DeKoven, who make
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need for corporal works of mercy. Hermits are also bound by the law of work. If they are not financially independent, they may engage in cottage industries or be employed part-time in jobs that respect the call for them to live in solitude and silence with extremely limited or no contact with other persons. Such outside jobs may not keep them from observing their obligations of the eremitic vocation of stricter separation from the world and the silence of solitude in accordance with canon 603, under which they have made their
1479:: "Then departed Gawain and Ector as heavy (sad) as they might for their misadventure (mishap), and so rode till that they came to the rough mountain, and there they tied their horses and went on foot to the hermitage. And when they were (had) come up, they saw a poor house, and beside the chapel a little courtelage (courtyard), where Nacien the hermit gathered worts (vegetables), as he had tasted none other meat (food) of a great while." The practice of
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1159:, self-awareness, and personal development on physical and mental levels, without the distractions of contact with human society, sex, or the need to maintain socially acceptable standards of cleanliness, dress, or communication. The ascetic discipline can also include a simplified diet and/or manual labor as a means of support.
674:, hermits live a life of prayer as well as service to their community in the traditional Eastern Christian manner of the poustinik. The poustinik is a hermit available to all in need and at all times. In the Eastern Christian churches, one traditional variation of the Christian eremitic life is the semi-eremitic life in a
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1183:, the Baal Shem Tov's great-grandson, also spent much time in seclusion and instructed his disciples to set aside at least one hour a day for secluded contemplation and prayer. Some followers of Rabbi Nachman devoted themselves to seclusion, such as Rabbi Shmuel of Dashev and two generations later, Rabbi
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Catholic Church norms for the consecrated eremitic and anchoritic life do not include corporal works of mercy. Nevertheless, every hermit, like every
Christian, is bound by the law of charity and therefore ought to respond generously, as his or her own circumstances permit, when faced with a specific
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Hermits devote their life to the praise of God and salvation of the world through a stricter separation from the world, the silence of solitude, and assiduous prayer and penance. (Footnote: CIC, can. 603 §1) They manifest to everyone the interior aspect of the mystery of the Church, that is, personal
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There are also lay people who informally follow an eremitic lifestyle and live mostly as solitaries. Not all the
Catholic lay members that feel that it is their vocation to dedicate themselves to God in a prayerful solitary life perceive it as a vocation to some form of consecrated life. An example
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intimacy with Christ. Hidden from the eyes of men, the life of the hermit is a silent preaching of the Lord, to whom he has surrendered his life simply because he is everything to him. Here is a particular call to find in the desert, in the thick of spiritual battle, the glory of the
Crucified One.
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orders of monks and nuns preserve their original way of life as essentially eremitic within a cenobitical context, that is, the monasteries of these orders are in fact clusters of individual hermitages where monks and nuns spend their days alone with relatively short periods of prayer in common.
555:§2 A hermit is recognized by law as one dedicated to God in consecrated life if he or she publicly professes in the hands of the diocesan bishop the three evangelical counsels, confirmed by vow or other sacred bond, and observes a proper program of living under his direction.
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arrange their monasteries as clusters of hermitages where the monks live most of their day and most of their lives in solitary prayer and work, gathering only briefly for communal prayer and only occasionally for community meals and recreation. The
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the church recognizes the eremitic or anchoritic life by which the
Christian faithful devote their life to the praise of God and salvation of the world through a stricter separation from the world, the silence of solitude, and assiduous prayer and
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623:, now has only solitaries in its British congregation. Anglicanism also makes provision for men and women who seek to live a single consecrated life, after taking vows before their local bishop; many who do so live as solitaries. The
627:, published by the Advisory Council of Relations between Bishops and Religious Communities, contains an appendix governing the selection, consecration, and management of solitaries living outside recognised religious communities.
508:, maintain a tradition under which individual monks or nuns who have reached a certain level of maturity within the community may pursue a hermit lifestyle on monastery grounds under the supervision of the abbot or abbess.
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In medieval times, hermits were also found within or near cities where they might earn a living as gate keepers or ferrymen. In the 10th century, a rule for hermits living in a monastic community was written by
393:. Another window looked out into the street or cemetery, enabling charitable neighbors to deliver food and other necessities. Clients seeking the anchorite's advice might also use this window to consult them.
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or community of the monastery, to move to a cell suitable as a hermitage on monastery grounds. There have also been many hermits who chose that vocation as an alternative to other forms of monastic life.
595:. Although canon 603 makes no provision for associations of hermits, these do exist (for example the Hermits of Bethlehem in Chester, NJ, and the Hermits of Saint Bruno in the United States; see also
528:. Bearing in mind that the meaning of the eremitic vocation is the Desert Theology of the Old Testament, it may be said that the desert of the urban hermit is that of their heart, purged through
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is a famous short story by
Russian author Leo Tolstoy written in 1885 and first published in 1886, with its shock ending, featured the 3 hermits as the titular characters. The main character of
298:, whether a natural cave or a constructed dwelling, situated in the desert or the forest. People sometimes sought them out for spiritual advice and counsel. Some eventually acquired so many
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314:. In the 11th century, the life of the hermit gained recognition as a legitimate independent pathway to salvation. Many hermits in that century and the next came to be regarded as
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to the eremitic or anchoritic life without being or becoming a member of an institute of consecrated life, but desire its recognition by the Roman
Catholic Church as a form of
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From the very beginning of the Church there were men and women who set out to follow Christ with greater liberty, and to imitate him more closely, by practicing the
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In modern colloquial usage, "hermit" denotes anyone living apart from the rest of society, or having entirely or in part withdrawn from society, for any reason.
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or the T'ai Kung lived in seclusion after King Zhou ignored him. He was a general who butchered cows in the street and fished with unique hooks or none at all.
318:. From the Middle Ages and down to modern times, eremitic monasticism has also been practiced within the context of religious institutes in the Christian West.
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1236:, spent his monastic life wandering through Thailand, Burma, and Laos, dwelling for the most part in the forest, engaged in the practice of meditation.
276:(fl. 4th century), often referred to as "Antony the Great", is perhaps the most renowned of all the early Christian hermits owing to the biography by
1514:" is a Russian nobleman who turns to a solitary religious life and becomes a hermit after he learns that his fiancée was a discarded mistress of the
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severed King Jie of the Xia dynasty. He was ignored by society, planted fields, and loved to watch them grow. King Tang came and helped found the
1202:. He too spent much time in seclusion, including one year during which he confined himself to a sealed room, attended by a few devoted followers.
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1792:. "A person who has withdrawn or secluded themself from the world; usually one who has done so for religious reasons, a recluse, a hermit."
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1496:. One of the most famous stories, the tenth story of the third day, involves the seduction of a young girl by a hermit in the desert near
1451:, in particular, learn from a hermit the errors they must repent for, and the significance of their encounters, dreams, and visions. Evil
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in the United States, although in the canon law of the
Episcopal Church they are referred to as "solitaries" rather than "hermits".
1111:, wherein the hermit renounces worldly concerns and pleasures. This can be done for many reasons, including: to come closer to the
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would sometimes pose as hermits, to explain their presence in the wilds, and to lure heroes into a false sense of security. In
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The earliest form of
Christian eremitic or anchoritic living preceded that of being a member of a religious institute, since
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took on such a pose. These hermits are sometimes also vegetarians for ascetic reasons, as suggested in a passage from
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also has a long history of ascetic and eremitic figures. In the ascetic eremitic life, the hermit seeks solitude for
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1226:, religious figure in Burma who lived as a hermit and meditated at the Mandalay Thakho hill and Shwe-myin-tin hill.
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Ermite reconnu par l’Église. Le c. 603 du code de droit canonique et la haute responsabilité de l’évêque diocésain
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nonetheless, the 1983 Code of Canon Law legislates in the
Section on Consecrated Life (canon 603) as follows:
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Often, both in religious and secular literature, the term "hermit" is used loosely for any
Christian living a
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1319:, retired and led a reclusive life at Mount Beimang, where he practiced Taoist methods to attain longevity.
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have their own regulations concerning those of their members who feel called by God to move from the
280:. An antecedent for Egyptian eremiticism may have been the Syrian solitary or "son of the covenant" (
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make provision for certain members to live as hermits, more commonly referred to as solitaries. One
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1500:; it was judged to be so obscene that it was not translated into English until the 20th century.
442:, an Eastern Catholic expression of eremitic living that is finding adherents also in the West.
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Hermits and the New Monasticism: A Study of Religious Communities in Western Europe, 1000-1150
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to the eremitic life, and have the permission of their religious superior to do so. The
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243:), signifying "desert", "uninhabited", hence "desert-dweller"; adjective: "eremitic".
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1936:(Fifth (revised) ed.). London: Canterbury Press (published 2012). p. 194.
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contains no special provisions for them. They technically remain a member of their
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Rotha Mary Clay, Full Text + Illustrations, The Hermits and Anchorites of England.
2345:
1666:"hermit - meaning of hermit in Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English - LDOCE"
649:
2399:
The Secret Within: Hermits, Recluses, and Spiritual Outsiders in Medieval England
2222:
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Entre théologie et droit canonique : l’ermite catholique face à l’obéissance
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Advisory Council of Relations between Bishops and Religious Communities (2004).
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Monastic Family of Bethlehem, of the Assumption of the Virgin and of Saint Bruno
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In the common Christian tradition the first known Christian hermit in Egypt was
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2298:"The Hermit of Treig review – a tender portrayal of a gentle Highlands recluse"
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1540:), who emerges from seclusion to extol his philosophy to the rest of humanity.
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may have also existed amongst actual medieval hermits outside of literature.
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1009:, 17th/18th-century Canadian Catholic recluse, inspired the founding of the
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The Idea of the Labyrinth: from Classical Antiquity through the Middle Ages
1465:, both occurred: the knight on a quest met a good hermit, and the sorcerer
1058:, spiritual mentor to the young Karol Wojtyla, who would eventually become
450:
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orders, which are essentially communal in nature, allow members who feel a
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of 11 October 1992 (§§918–921), comments on the eremitic life as follows:
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they worship or revere, to devote one's energies to self-liberation from
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until he became ill and was forced to leave the island by the government.
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1366:. Some say that he was a cook, which was how he won King Tang over, but
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1246:, who lived alone, practiced alone in forests, and preferred seclusion.
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1194:, known as the "Alter (Elder) of Novardok", succeeded his master Rabbi
1128:
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Sr Laurel M O'Neal, Er Dio, spiritual director, writer on eremitic life
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529:
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Margins of Solitude: Eremitism in Central Europe between East and West
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2811:
2736:
2683:
2224:
Herself an author: gender, agency, and writing in late Imperial China
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a Han dynasty recluse left society because of the eunuchs around the
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The Perfection of Solitude: Hermits and Monks in the Crusader States
1834:
And You Are Christ's: The Charism of Virginity and the Celibate Life
302:
that they no longer enjoyed physical solitude. Some early Christian
1530:, created the character of the hermit Zarathustra (named after the
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poet who spent much of his later life in solitude, while admiring
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Masafumi Nagasaki, Japan's "naked hermit," lived on the island of
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43:
2323:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2148:"Ft. Leavenworth Series – the Six Secret Teachings of Jiang Ziya"
406:
Catholics who wish to live in eremitic monasticism may live that
122:
In the Christian tradition the eremitic life is an early form of
2847:
2759:
1515:
1211:
525:
201:, afford examples of hermits in the form of adherents living an
123:
2435:
2375:
A Hermit's Cookbook: Monks, Food and Fasting in the Middle Ages
1176:, lived for many years as a hermit in the Carpathian Mountains.
1107:
From a religious point of view, the solitary life is a form of
611:
Many of the recognised religious communities and orders in the
560:
Canon 603 §2 lays down the requirements for diocesan hermits.
2866:
2344:
805:, her maxims are recorded in the sayings of the Desert Fathers
768:, her maxims are included in the sayings of the Desert Fathers
373:
272:
3rd century), hence also called "St. Paul the first hermit".
1252:, one of the earliest western Buddhist monks and founder of
429:
as a diocesan hermit under the canonical direction of their
1198:
in disseminating the pietistic teachings of the Lithuanian
504:
Other orders that are essentially cenobitical, notably the
290:
Christian hermits in the past have often lived in isolated
1819:
Approaching Medieval English Anchoritic and Mystical Texts
1616:"hermit definition - Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary"
1309:, who is known in some traditions as having been a hermit.
2426:
1907:"Solitaries who are not members of a Religious community"
1883:. Fellowship of St John Trust Association. Archived from
893:, the founder of the Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit
512:
was among the Trappists who undertook this way of life.
173:
prayer-focused life, and sometimes interchangeably with
37:"Eremitic" redirects here. For the album by Seirom, see
1864:
Eremiten und geweihtes Leben. Zur kanonischen Typologie
1080:
Hermits of the Most Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel
524:
and religious institutes are later developments of the
2422:
British hermits: the growing lure of the solitary life
2126:. Center for Asian Studies, Arizona State University.
489:
and thus under obedience to their religious superior.
2338:. Springfield, Massachusetts: C. & G. Merriam Co.
1556:
follows Ken Smith, who has been a hermit for 40 years
642:
to support themselves, are an example of an Anglican
239:), "of the desert", which in turn comes from ἔρημος (
55:, depicted in his study being visited by two angels (
2274:, p. 87, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1967
1641:"hermit Meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary"
982:
Sr Scholastica Egan, writer on the eremitic vocation
939:, 1474–1548, Mexico, visionary of the apparition of
287:) who undertook special disciplines as a Christian.
2921:
2783:
2745:
2702:
2638:
2583:
2473:
119:that was meant to bring about a change of heart).
2427:Resources and reflections on hermits and solitude
2123:The Art of the Han Essay: Wang Fu's Ch'ien-fu Lun
1778:Hermits and Recluses in English Society 950–1200
1336:period in history. He was a Confucian who wrote
988:Hermits of Bethlehem, Chester, NJ (modern lavra)
350:to the eremitic life, after years living in the
134:lists hermits among four kinds of monks. In the
569:
545:
1447:, would advise him. Knights searching for the
811:, 6th century, Italy, author of the so-called
774:, 4th century, brought the Christian faith to
535:So as to provide for men and women who feel a
2447:
1958:"Britain's growing band of religious hermits"
1119:, etc. This practice appears also in ancient
385:to allow the anchorite to participate in the
181:, and "solitary". Other religions, including
8:
2368:Hermits and Anchorites in England, 1200-1550
1752:"The Origins and Motivations of Monasticism"
1352:found him, and in some traditions wrote the
991:Fr Martin Suhartono, Er Dio, formerly Jesuit
830:, 7th century, Switzerland, namesake of the
138:, in addition to hermits who are members of
2384:(Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995)
2035:"Japanese island man lives as naked hermit"
870:, 11th century, France, the founder of the
850:, 10th/11th century, Italy, founder of the
389:by listening to the service and to receive
2454:
2440:
2432:
2227:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 58.
1486:Hermits appear in a few of the stories of
783:, 4th/5th century, Egypt and Transjordan,
27:Person who lives in seclusion from society
2013:"Saint Paul of Thebes - Christian hermit"
1909:. Single Consecrated Life. Archived from
978:Diocesan hermits according to canon 603:
909:, 13th century, England, religious writer
754:, considered the spiritual father of the
740:, presumed author of "Spiritual Homilies"
91:. Eremitism plays a role in a variety of
1804:Anchoritic Traditions of Medieval Europe
446:Eremitic members of religious institutes
158:. The same is true in many parts of the
1807:, Boydell & Brewer Ltd, 2010, p. 2.
1607:
1232:, who is credited for establishing the
764:, 4th century, Egypt, one of the early
727:, regarded as the founder of Christian
532:to be the dwelling place of God alone.
126:that preceded the monastic life in the
2093:The Desk Encyclopedia of World History
1737:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,
1721:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,
880:, 11th century, France, leader of the
1693:(Zaghreb: Leykam International, 2008)
1439:frequently encounters hermits on his
1266:, living alone in Janamāra Hermitage.
815:, regarded as the founder of western
738:Monastery of Saint Macarius the Great
115:(i.e., the 40 years wandering in the
7:
2355:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1705:, Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short,
1272:, Japanese author and Buddhist monk.
306:wove baskets to exchange for bread.
2370:(Manchester University Press, 2019)
2170:The Most Venerable Book (Shang Shu)
1881:"Society of St John the Evangelist"
1816:Dyas, E., Edden, V. and Ellis, R.,
1301:, the semi-legendary author of the
2417:The tradition of the Lersi Hermits
2033:Villar, Ruairidh (17 April 2012).
1620:www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com
1288:, Buddhist/Taoist hermit and poet.
1282:Buddhist monk in modern China era.
707:, 4th century, Egypt, regarded by
621:Society of St. John the Evangelist
414:in an eremitic order, for example
25:
2343:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
2061:Uchida, Yuka (30 December 2014).
1404:, the archetype of the hermit in
1218:, a renowned Chan Buddhist hermit
801:, 5th century, Egypt, one of the
2967:
2574:
2401:(Cornell University Press, 2014)
2318:
1862:, 125, 2003, p. 429–439 or
1854:, 74, 2002, p. 104–118 and
1754:. 3 October 2002. Archived from
921:, 15th century, patron saint of
632:Episcopal Church (United States)
565:Catechism of the Catholic Church
1846:See for instance Bamberg Anne,
1049:, inspired the founding of the
456:Our Lady of the Enclosed Garden
369:The term "anchorite" (from the
1837:, Ignatius Press, 1987, Ch. 9.
1045:, 19th/20th century, formerly
1020:Sisters of Notre Dame de Namur
736:, 4th century, founder of the
682:, exemplified historically in
672:Eastern Rite Catholic Churches
550:institutes of consecrated life
475:institutes of consecrated life
1:
1822:, DS Brewer, 2005, pp. 10–12.
1443:. Such a figure, generally a
1305:and founder of philosophical
951:Members of religious orders:
887:Blessed Eusebius of Esztergom
487:institute of consecrated life
422:(in the latter one affiliate
150:under the direction of their
51:, who lived as a hermit near
2954:List of religious institutes
2120:Kinney, Anne Behnke (1990).
2091:Wright, Edmund, ed. (2006).
1870:, 78, 2005, p. 313–318.
1026:, lived in monastic solitude
657:sharing his meal with a bear
146:(canon 603) recognizes also
2064:Japan's Naked Island Hermit
1587:Sri Lankan Forest Tradition
1524:, in his influential work,
1242:, highly respected monk of
397:Contemporary Christian life
87:, is a person who lives in
3026:
2394:(Palgrave Macmillan, 1984)
1983:Winston, Kimberly (2008).
1934:Handbook of Religious Life
1860:Nouvelle revue théologique
1230:Ajahn Mun Bhuridatta Thera
900:, 13th century, Portugal,
792:, 4th/5th century, Syria,
625:Handbook of Religious Life
374:
362:
36:
29:
2962:
2572:
2566:Society of apostolic life
2313:General and cited sources
1790:Oxford English Dictionary
1572:Enclosed religious orders
1550:The 2022 BBC documentary
1426:, Angelica meets a hermit
930:, 15th century, England,
699:Early and Medieval Church
694:Notable Christian hermits
454:Church of the hermitage "
426:may also live as hermits)
2332:, ed. (1913). "Hermit".
2272:Spenser's Images of Life
2167:Confucius (2014-07-31).
1780:, (Oxford, 2011), p. 36.
1645:dictionary.cambridge.org
1072:, a contemporary French
1051:Little Brothers of Jesus
1038:Madonna House Apostolate
907:Richard Rolle de Hampole
858:Guðríðr Þorbjarnardóttir
762:Syncletica of Alexandria
723:, 4th century, Egypt, a
630:In the Canon Law of the
278:Athanasius of Alexandria
2221:Fong, Grace S. (2008).
2097:Oxford University Press
1739:A Greek-English Lexicon
1723:A Greek-English Lexicon
1582:The Hermit (Tarot card)
844:, 7th century, England.
842:Herbert of Derwentwater
772:Gregory the Illuminator
32:Hermit (disambiguation)
2974:Catholicism portal
2944:Vocational discernment
2934:Foolishness for Christ
2194:Mencius (2004-10-28).
1527:Thus Spoke Zarathustra
1427:
1262:, notable disciple of
1219:
1104:
824:, 6th Century, Ireland
658:
588:
558:
466:
433:(canon 603, see below)
261:
260:Eremitic cave in Spain
60:
3005:Religious occupations
2352:Catholic Encyclopedia
1592:Thai Forest Tradition
1419:
1324:Other notable hermits
1250:Nyanatiloka Mahathera
1244:Thai Forest Tradition
1240:Luang Pu Waen Suciṇṇo
1234:Thai Forest Tradition
1214:
1098:
941:Our Lady of Guadalupe
860:, 10th/11th century,
809:St Benedict of Nursia
717:, 4th century, Egypt.
652:
636:Anglican prayer beads
453:
438:of this is life as a
259:
136:Roman Catholic Church
59:, early-17th century)
47:
2717:Liturgy of the Hours
2593:Evangelical counsels
2335:Webster's Dictionary
2247:Penelope Reed Doob,
1741:, on Perseus project
1725:, on Perseus project
1709:, on Perseus project
1354:six secret teachings
1192:Yosef Yozel Horowitz
822:Kevin of Glendalough
752:Doctor of the Church
573:evangelical counsels
522:monastic communities
140:religious institutes
130:. In chapter 1, the
30:For other uses, see
2493:Religious institute
2380:Jotischky, Andrew.
2373:Jotischky, Andrew.
2283:Sir Thomas Malory,
1670:www.ldoceonline.com
1553:The Hermit of Treig
1522:Friedrich Nietzsche
1181:Nachman of Bratzlav
1076:eremitic fraternity
1043:Charles de Foucauld
1036:, foundress of the
964:, 18th/19th century
913:Sergius of Radonezh
898:Gonçalo de Amarante
813:Rule of St Benedict
799:Sarah of the Desert
711:as the first hermit
175:anchorite/anchoress
132:Rule of St Benedict
67:, also known as an
2483:Consecrated virgin
2397:Riehle, Wolfgang.
1985:Bead One, Pray Too
1707:A Latin Dictionary
1689:Marina Miladinov,
1488:Giovanni Boccaccio
1428:
1406:Khmer civilization
1398:in Southern India.
1384:, on a cottage by
1220:
1121:Śramaṇa traditions
1105:
1024:consecrated virgin
1018:, formerly of the
974:, spiritual writer
659:
640:Pater Noster cords
613:Anglican Communion
467:
262:
160:Anglican Communion
154:as members of the
61:
2982:
2981:
2755:Clerical clothing
2561:Secular institute
2388:Leyser, Henrietta
2377:(Continuum, 2011)
2285:Le Morte d'Arthur
2234:978-0-8248-3186-8
2207:978-0-14-190268-5
2180:978-0-14-197040-0
2133:978-0-939252-23-7
2106:978-0-7394-7809-7
1998:978-0-8192-2276-3
1989:Church Publishing
1504:The Three Hermits
1476:Le Morte d'Arthur
1471:Sir Thomas Malory
1462:The Faerie Queene
1070:Order of Watchers
1060:Pope John Paul II
1030:Catherine Doherty
962:Seraphim of Sarov
928:Julian of Norwich
734:Macarius of Egypt
715:Abba Or of Nitria
662:Eastern Orthodoxy
655:Seraphim of Sarov
617:Church of England
483:Code of Canon Law
479:life in community
16:(Redirected from
3017:
2972:
2971:
2630:Vow of enclosure
2578:
2463:Consecrated life
2456:
2449:
2442:
2433:
2356:
2348:
2339:
2322:
2321:
2307:
2306:, 21 March 2022.
2294:
2288:
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2212:
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2191:
2185:
2184:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2144:
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2110:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2009:
2003:
2002:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1964:. 8 January 2001
1954:
1948:
1947:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1913:on 1 August 2018
1903:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1877:
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1808:
1799:
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1768:
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1742:
1732:
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1710:
1700:
1694:
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1662:
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1655:
1653:
1651:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1612:
1510:'s short story "
1350:King Wen of Zhou
1254:Island Hermitage
1196:Yisrael Salanter
1113:deity or deities
956:Herman of Alaska
919:Nicholas of Flüe
889:, 13th century,
882:People's Crusade
878:Peter the Hermit
868:Bruno of Cologne
721:Anthony of Egypt
541:consecrated life
516:Diocesan hermits
377:
376:
164:Episcopal Church
162:, including the
156:consecrated life
148:diocesan hermits
39:Eremitic (album)
21:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3014:
3010:Types of saints
2985:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2966:
2958:
2917:
2779:
2741:
2698:
2642:
2634:
2579:
2570:
2469:
2467:Catholic Church
2460:
2408:
2363:
2361:Further reading
2346:"Hermits"
2342:
2328:
2319:
2315:
2310:
2295:
2291:
2282:
2278:
2266:
2262:
2246:
2242:
2235:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2208:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2181:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2134:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2107:
2099:. p. 365.
2090:
2089:
2085:
2075:
2073:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2045:
2043:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2006:
1999:
1991:. p. 156.
1982:
1981:
1977:
1967:
1965:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1944:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1916:
1914:
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1900:
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1879:
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1868:Geist und Leben
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1600:
1563:
1547:
1423:Orlando Furioso
1414:
1396:Thiruvannamalai
1392:Ramana Maharshi
1326:
1295:
1209:
1200:Mussar Movement
1165:
1103:, Hindu hermits
1093:
1091:Other religions
1011:Recluse Sisters
970:, 20th-century
949:
902:Dominican friar
790:Simeon Stylites
746:, 4th century,
701:
696:
668:Orthodox Church
664:
619:community, the
609:
557:
554:
518:
471:Catholic Church
448:
404:
399:
367:
361:
323:Catholic Church
274:Antony of Egypt
254:
249:
220:comes from the
214:
124:monastic living
109:Desert Theology
101:
73:adjectival form
42:
35:
28:
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22:
15:
12:
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2625:Vow of silence
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2605:
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2573:
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2557:
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2547:Cleric regular
2544:
2543:
2542:
2532:
2530:Canons regular
2527:
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2520:
2515:
2510:
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2407:
2406:External links
2404:
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2289:
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2260:
2251:, pp. 179–81,
2240:
2233:
2213:
2206:
2200:. Penguin UK.
2186:
2179:
2173:. Penguin UK.
2159:
2156:. 4 June 2021.
2139:
2132:
2112:
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2004:
1997:
1975:
1949:
1942:
1924:
1898:
1887:on 7 June 2019
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1512:Father Sergius
1501:
1484:
1457:Edmund Spenser
1413:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1399:
1389:
1371:
1370:rejected this.
1357:
1343:
1334:Three Kingdoms
1325:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1310:
1294:
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1260:Ajahn Jayasāro
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1185:Abraham Chazan
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1056:Jan Tyranowski
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958:, 18th century
948:
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937:St. Juan Diego
934:
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916:
915:, 14th century
910:
904:
894:
884:
875:
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855:
845:
839:
838:of St. Gallen.
825:
819:
806:
803:Desert Mothers
796:
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778:
769:
766:Desert Mothers
759:
758:eremitic order
741:
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705:Paul of Thebes
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363:Main article:
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2712:Contemplation
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2325:public domain
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1776:Tom Licence,
1773:
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1758:on 2002-10-03
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1481:vegetarianism
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1431:In medieval
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1378:Song dynasty
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1831:Dubay, T.,
1532:Zoroastrian
1317:Tianshi Dao
1278:, renowned
923:Switzerland
852:Camaldolese
848:St. Romuald
817:monasticism
756:Hieronymite
729:Monasticism
688:Mount Athos
607:Anglicanism
577:Holy Spirit
548:§1 Besides
498:Camaldolese
464:Netherlands
420:Camaldolese
402:Catholicism
331:Camaldolese
327:Carthusians
99:Description
3000:Asceticism
2989:Categories
2929:Asceticism
2803:Provincial
2727:Meditation
2620:Solemn vow
2615:Profession
2535:Mendicants
1598:References
1449:Holy Grail
1339:Qianfu Lun
1264:Ajahn Chah
1149:meditation
1109:asceticism
1074:Protestant
1001:Sotobanari
872:Carthusian
744:St. Jerome
709:St. Jerome
494:Carthusian
460:Warfhuizen
416:Carthusian
359:Anchorites
336:Cistercian
312:Grimlaicus
296:hermitages
285:bar qəyāmā
235:ἐρημίτης (
18:Solitaries
2901:Postulant
2879:Anchorite
2732:Mysticism
2689:Refectory
2679:Hermitage
2640:Monastery
2608:Obedience
2508:Cenobitic
2076:9 January
1603:Citations
1467:Archimago
1386:West Lake
1034:poustinik
932:anchoress
644:hermitage
506:Trappists
440:Poustinik
383:sanctuary
379:anachōreō
365:Anchorite
344:Carmelite
300:disciples
252:Tradition
216:The word
212:Etymology
144:Canon law
93:religions
89:seclusion
57:Cavarozzi
53:Bethlehem
2853:Basilian
2821:Prioress
2793:Superior
2775:Vestment
2770:Scapular
2765:Cornette
2664:Cloister
2603:Chastity
2518:Enclosed
2503:Monastic
1968:1 August
1917:1 August
1891:1 August
1719:ἐρημίτης
1567:Dhutanga
1561:See also
1545:In media
1433:romances
1402:Ta Eisey
1376:(林逋), a
1346:Lü Shang
1224:U Khandi
1207:Buddhism
1174:Hasidism
1133:Hinduism
1125:Buddhism
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828:St. Gall
785:penitent
750:region,
553:penance.
537:vocation
408:vocation
375:ἀναχωρέω
352:cenobium
340:Trappist
237:erēmitēs
187:Hinduism
183:Buddhism
171:secluded
128:cenobium
85:solitary
81:eremitic
77:hermitic
2995:Hermits
2939:Tonsure
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2798:General
2785:Members
2669:Convent
2598:Poverty
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2018:21 July
1762:21 July
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1625:21 July
1535:prophet
1508:Tolstoy
1453:wizards
1368:Mencius
1330:Wang Fu
1286:Hanshan
1276:Hsu Yun
1216:Hsu Yun
1163:Judaism
1137:Kejawèn
1129:Jainism
1117:saṃsāra
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424:oblates
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348:calling
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247:History
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203:ascetic
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179:recluse
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1179:Rabbi
1157:prayer
1145:Taoism
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1101:Sadhus
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684:Scetes
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431:bishop
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316:saints
241:erēmos
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152:bishop
142:, the
117:desert
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854:order
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292:cells
233:Greek
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