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stated: "We keep discovering additional methods Sony used to deceive Texas consumers who thought they were simply buying music", and "Thousands of Texans are now potential victims of this deceptive game Sony played with consumers for its own purposes." In addition to violations of the
Consumer Protection Against Computer Spyware Act of 2005, which allowed for civil penalties of $ 100,000 for each violation of the law, the alleged violations added in the updated lawsuit carried maximum penalties of $ 20,000 per violation. Sony was ordered to pay $ 750,000 in legal fees to Texas, accept customer returns of affected CDs, place a conspicuous detailed notice on its homepage, make "keyword buys" to alert consumers by advertising with Google, Yahoo! and MSN, pay up to $ 150 per damaged computer and agree to other remedies. Sony BMG also had to agree that it would not bring any claim that the legal settlement in any way constitutes the approval of the court.
499:, 15 USC 45(a)—by engaging in unfair and deceptive business practices. The settlement required Sony BMG to reimburse consumers up to $ 150 to repair damage that resulted directly from its attempts to remove the software installed without their consent. The settlement also required them to provide clear and prominent disclosure on the packaging of future CDs of any limits on copying or restrictions on the use of playback devices, and the company was prohibited from installing content-protection software without obtaining consumers' authorization. FTC chairwoman
337:, part of the United States Department of Homeland Security, issued an advisory on XCP DRM. It said that XCP uses rootkit technology to hide certain files from the user and that the technique is a security threat to users. They also said that one of the uninstallation options provided by Sony BMG introduces further vulnerabilities. US-CERT advised: "Do not install software from sources that you do not expect to contain software, such as an audio CD."
33:
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removal program merely unmasked the hidden files installed by the rootkit but did not actually remove the rootkit. He also reported that it installed additional software that could not be uninstalled. In order to download the uninstaller, he found that it was necessary to provide an e-mail address (which the Sony BMG Privacy Policy implied was added to various bulk e-mail lists) and to install an
299:
Sony BMG quickly released software to remove the rootkit component of XCP from affected
Microsoft Windows computers, but after Russinovich analyzed the utility, he reported in his blog that it only exacerbated the security problems and raised further concerns about privacy. Russinovich noted that the
381:
Sony BMG's website offered consumers a link to "Class Action
Settlement Information Regarding XCP And MediaMax Content Protection" with online claim filing and links to software updates and uninstallers. The deadline for submitting a claim was June 30, 2007. The website offered an explanation of the
332:
announced that Sony BMG was backing out of its copy-protection software, recalling unsold CDs from all stores and allowing consumers to exchange affected CDs for versions without the software. The
Electronic Frontier Foundation compiled a partial list of CDs with XCP. Sony BMG maintained that "there
423:
had reached a tentative settlement of the lawsuits, proposing two ways of compensating consumers who had purchased the affected CDs. According to the proposed settlement, those who had purchased an XCP CD would be paid $ 7.50 per purchased recording and provided the opportunity to download either a
168:
without warning labels stating that the CD contained copy protection. The CDs were eventually replaced. BMG and Sony both released copy-protected versions of certain releases in certain markets in late 2001, and a late 2002 report indicated that all BMG CDs sold in Europe would contain some form of
431:
A fairness hearing was held on May 22, 2006, in New York. Claims were required to be submitted by
December 31, 2006. Class members who wished to be excluded from the settlement were required to have filed before May 1, 2006. Those who remained in the settlement could attend the fairness hearing at
366:
found that, despite the recall of
November 15, Sony BMG CDs with XCP were still for sale at some New York City music retail outlets. Spitzer said: "It is unacceptable that more than three weeks after this serious vulnerability was revealed, these same CDs are still on shelves, during the busiest
398:
On
December 21, 2005, Abbott added new allegations to the lawsuit, claiming that MediaMax violated the state's spyware and deceptive trade practices laws because the MediaMax software would be installed on a computer even if the user declined the license agreement authorizing the action. Abbott
503:
added: "Installations of secret software that create security risks are intrusive and unlawful. Consumers' computers belong to them, and companies must adequately disclose unexpected limitations on the customer use of their products so consumers can make informed decisions regarding whether to
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reported that Sony BMG would exchange affected unsecure CDs for new unprotected discs as well as unprotected MP3 files. As a part of the swap program, consumers could mail their XCP-protected CDs to Sony BMG and receive an unprotected disc via return mail.
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The settlement was designed to compensate those whose computers were infected but were not otherwise damaged. Those who had incurred damages not addressed in the class-action suit were free to opt out of the settlement and pursue their own litigation.
548:
In
January 2006, the developers of LAME posted an open letter stating that they expected "appropriate action" by Sony BMG, but that the developers had no plans to investigate or take action over the apparent violation of LAME's source-code license.
618:
On
December 6, 2005, Sony BMG revealed that 5.7 million CDs spanning 27 titles were shipped with MediaMax 5 software. The company announced the availability of a new software patch to prevent a potential security breach in consumers' computers.
424:
free album or three additional albums from a limited list of recordings if they elected to forgo the cash incentive. District judge Naomi Reice
Buchwald entered an order tentatively approving the settlement on January 6, 2006.
193:
systems after the user was presented with the EULA, regardless of whether the user accepted it. However, macOS prompted the user for confirmation when the software attempted to modify the OS, whereas Windows did not.
243:
to hide. The DRM software will cause many similar false alarms with all AV software that detect rootkits. ... Thus it is very inappropriate for commercial software to use these techniques." After public pressure,
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sued Sony BMG. The suit was the first filed by a U.S. state and was also the first filed under the state's 2005 spyware law. It alleged that the company surreptitiously installed the spyware on millions of CDs.
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Technologies, a company that provides copy protection on other Sony BMG releases." The uninstall program obeys commands sent to it allowing others "to take control of PCs where the uninstaller has been used."
1254:
147: ... It will not lose that revenue stream, no matter what ... Sony is going to take aggressive steps to stop this. We will develop technology that transcends the individual user. We will firewall
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866:
1883:
584:, and Computer Associates' eTrust Security Management unit VP Steve Curry confirmed that the rootkit communicates personal information from consumers' computers (the CD being played and the user's
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and other anti-virus vendors included detection for the rootkit in their products as well, and Microsoft announced that it would include detection and removal capabilities in its security patches.
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a detailed description and technical analysis of F4I's XCP software that he determined had been recently installed on his computer by a Sony BMG music CD. Russinovich compared the software to a
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of Sony and BMG's recorded music divisions. About two million of those CDs, spanning 52 titles, contained First 4 Internet (F4I)'s Extended Copy Protection (XCP), which was installed on
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shopping days of the year, I strongly urge all retailers to heed the warnings issued about these products, pull them from distribution immediately, and ship them back to Sony."
598:
The first virus to exploit Sony BMG's stealth technology to make malicious files invisible to both the user and antivirus programs surfaced on November 10, 2005. One day later,
177:
The two pieces of copy-protection software at issue in the 2005–2007 scandal were included on over 22 million CDs marketed by Sony BMG, the record company formed by the 2004
1551:
455:) also reported the rootkit to the Financial Police, asking for an investigation under various computer crime allegations, along with a technical analysis of the rootkit.
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despite the Sony BMG recall of November 15. He advised consumers not to purchase the Sony BMG CDs with XCP and said that he was conducting an investigation of Sony BMG.
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Researchers found that Sony BMG and the makers of XCP also apparently infringed copyright by failing to adhere to the licensing requirements of various pieces of
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for one of the programs that merely made the program's files invisible while also installing additional software that could not be easily removed, collected an
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On November 18, 2005, Sony BMG provided a "new and improved" removal tool to remove the rootkit component of XCP from affected Microsoft Windows computers.
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Sony BMG announced that it had instructed retailers to remove any unsold music discs containing the software from their shelves. Internet-security expert
2710:
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On Tuesday, Sony confirmed that it had incorporated copy-protection software in promotional CD copies of the Michael Jackson single 'You Rock My World'.
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systems after the user accepted the EULA, which made no mention of the software. The remaining 20 million CDs, spanning 50 titles, contained SunnComm's
1144:
1122:
2200:
667:
567:, Sony BMG's president of global digital business, said: "Most people, I think, don't even know what a rootkit is, so why should they care about it?"
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classified Sony BMG's software as spyware and provided tools for its removal. Russinovich said: "This is a step they should have taken immediately."
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155:. We will firewall it at your PC ... These strategies are being aggressively pursued because there is simply too much at stake."
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Sony BMG in Australia issued a press release indicating that no Sony BMG titles manufactured in Australia contained copy protection.
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were no security risks associated with the anti-piracy technology" despite numerous virus and malware reports. On November 16, 2005,
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2011:
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495:(FTC) announced a settlement with Sony BMG on charges that the CD copy protection had violated federal law—Section 5(a) of the
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summarized Russinovich's findings and urged consumers to temporarily avoid purchasing Sony BMG music CDs. The following day,
452:
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and excessively consumes system resources, slowing down the user's computer, regardless of whether a protected CD is playing.
1021:
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concurred: "Although the software isn't directly malicious, the used rootkit hiding techniques are exactly the same used by
2360:
1943:
1351:
904:
2620:
2610:
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2170:"Microsoft to remove Sony CD code; Sony's controversial anti-piracy CD software has been labelled as spyware by Microsoft"
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at source – we will block it at your cable company. We will block it at your phone company. We will block it at your
101:, and configured the operating system to hide the software's existence, leading to both programs being classified as
763:
2807:
2787:
478:
225:
87:
1514:"Sony sued over copy-protected CDs; Sony BMG is facing three lawsuits over its controversial anti-piracy software"
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90:(EULA), while the other was not mentioned in the EULA at all. Both programs contained code from several pieces of
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and worms exploiting XCP's security holes appeared. Some even used the vulnerabilities to cheat in online games.
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63:
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588:) to Sony BMG. The methods used by the software to avoid detection were likened to those used by data thieves.
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2351:
Academic article examining the market, legal, and technological factors that motivated Sony BMG's DRM strategy
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U.S. senior vice president Steve Heckler foreshadowed the events of late 2005. Heckler told attendees at the
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made no comment on whether it would take any criminal action against Sony. However, Stewart Baker of the
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1718:"DOCKET NO. C-4195: COMPLAINT; In the Matter of SONY BMG MUSIC ENTERTAINMENT, a general partnership"
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17:
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of about 10% of the affected CDs and the suspension of CD copy-protection efforts in early 2007.
2973:
2968:
2283:
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1981:
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CDs with XCP technology can be identified by the letters "XCP" printed on the back cover of the
2309:
https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20120712181539/http://citp.princeton.edu/pub/sonydrm-ext.pdf
1717:
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because of its surreptitious installation and efforts to hide its existence. He noted that the
3345:
3005:
2963:
2865:
2775:
2705:
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Russinovich's report was discussed on popular blogs almost immediately following its release.
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methods (marked as "safe for scripting" and thus prone to exploits). Microsoft later issued a
278:
182:
159:
2033:
1091:
989:
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publicly admonished Sony, stating, "it's your intellectual property—it's not your computer."
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announced that Sony BMG had suspended further distribution of the controversial technology.
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67:
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does not mention the software, and he charged that the software is illegitimate and that
2003:
1639:
123:
in 2005 and 2006, Sony BMG partially addressed the scandal with consumer settlements, a
3290:
3233:
3197:
2993:
2812:
1640:"Bush Administration to Sony: It's your intellectual property – it's not your computer"
571:
415:
264:
245:
144:
124:
2334:
Bush Administration to Sony: It's your intellectual property -- it's not your computer
563:
was one of the first major news outlets to report on the scandal on November 4, 2005.
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728:
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143:: "The industry will take whatever steps it needs to protect itself and protect its
86:" with reports on the user's private listening habits, even if the user refused its
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2999:
2916:
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2337:
994:
564:
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120:
83:
55:
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their own expense and speak on their own behalf or be represented by an attorney.
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1969:
1947:
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On November 21, the EFF announced that it was also pursuing a lawsuit over both
391:
285:
109:
3207:
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607:
585:
348:
329:
209:
108:
Sony BMG initially denied that the rootkits were harmful. It then released an
37:
1240:
477:
DRM technology. The EFF lawsuit also involved issues concerning the Sony BMG
3280:
3259:
2556:
2488:
2466:
2034:"Sony CD's caught installing extremely well-hidden and sketchy DRM software"
1141:"Updated Sony BMG DRM Spotter's Guide | Electronic Frontier Foundation"
1691:
1614:"Legal proceedings in Italy by ALCEI against Sony for a 'criminal' offense"
2230:
1329:
3285:
3212:
3171:
3119:
3031:
2931:
2802:
2525:
2520:
2503:
2493:
2231:"Not Again! Uninstaller for Other Sony DRM Also Opens Huge Security Hole"
611:
474:
420:
236:
91:
59:
2201:"Virus writers exploit Sony DRM; Sony doomsday scenario becomes reality"
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3016:
2567:
2498:
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581:
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334:
309:
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102:
79:
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wrote: "The latest risk is from an uninstaller program distributed by
3155:
2896:
2842:
2483:
2461:
1884:"Breakthrough after breakthrough in the F4I case - Programming stuff"
538:
530:
375:
2350:
484:
It was reported on December 24, 2005, that Florida attorney general
277:
It employs unsafe procedures to start and stop, which could lead to
1070:
446:
3109:
3062:
2143:
1580:. November 7, 2005. Archived from the original on February 4, 2006
1326:"Information Web Site for the Sony BMG CD Technologies Settlement"
1047:"More on Sony: Dangerous Decloaking Patch, EULAs and Phoning Home"
190:
31:
2319:
Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, 2006-02-14.
1854:"Is Sony in violation of the LGPL? - Part II - Programming stuff"
3067:
534:
523:
217:
158:
In Europe, BMG created a minor scandal in 2001 when it released
74:. Neither program could easily be uninstalled, and they created
62:
installed one of two pieces of software that provided a form of
2571:
2402:
116:
from the user and introduced further security vulnerabilities.
1613:
790:"'No more music CDs without copy protection', claims BMG unit"
560:
526:
2371:
SonySuit.Com - Tracking The Sony BMG XCP and SunComm Lawsuits
1914:"Two new F4I license infringements found - Programming stuff"
374:
announced that Sony BMG CDs with XCP were still available in
344:
estimated that XCP was in use on more than 500,000 networks.
2370:
362:
On November 29, investigators for New York attorney general
2323:
Wikinews: Sony's DRM protected CDs install Windows rootkits
1456:"Attorney General ups the ante in lawsuit against Sony BMG"
867:"Sony, Rootkits and Digital Rights Management Gone Too Far"
410:
were filed against Sony BMG in New York and California.
2086:"vnunet.com analysis: Sony CD rootkit could spell doom"
1752:. ConsumerAffairs.Com. January 31, 2007. Archived from
119:
Following public outcry, government investigations and
2329:
Sony BMG DRM a Public-Relations and Technology Failure
897:"F-Secure Rootkit Information : XCP DRM Software"
2376:"Sony anti-customer technology roundup and time-line"
1802:"Proof that F4I violates the GPL - Programming stuff"
189:, which was installed on either Microsoft Windows or
27:
Sony BMG's implementation of copy protection measures
1778:. Sony BMG Music Entertainment. 2005. Archived from
1380:. Oag.state.tx.us. November 21, 2005. Archived from
514:
Extended Copy Protection § Copyright violations
259:
that can be exploited by malicious software such as
3273:
3247:
3221:
3190:
3164:
3133:
3092:
3076:
3045:
3024:
3015:
2982:
2956:
2940:
2841:
2761:
2729:
2698:
2677:
2661:
2639:
2632:
2534:
2437:
1776:"CD's Containing XCP Content Protection Technology"
1352:"CD's Containing XCP Content Protection Technology"
1255:"Business News & Financial News | Reuters"
251:Russinovich discovered numerous problems with XCP:
50:In 2005 it was revealed that the implementation of
2394:Revisiting Sony BMG Rootkit Scandal 10 years later
2284:"Sony Music CDs Under Fire from Privacy Advocates"
2199:Sanders, Tom; Thompson, Iain (November 10, 2005).
2109:"Security firm: Sony CDs secretly install spyware"
2060:"Sony Music CDs Under Fire from Privacy Advocates"
990:"World of Warcraft hackers using Sony BMG rootkit"
1458:. sanantonio.bizjournals.com. December 22, 2005.
1944:"ECD Player Control Functions Window screenshot"
1686:
1684:
1682:
1172:November 15, 2005. Retrieved November 22, 2006.
36:Screenshot of the Sony CD audio player, playing
2255:"No Copy Protection on Australian Sony BMG CDs"
2244:November 17, 2005. Retrieved November 22, 2006.
1676:December 24, 2005. Retrieved November 22, 2006.
1544:"Sony BMG Tentatively Settles Suits on Spyware"
1289:November 29, 2005. Retrieved November 22, 2006.
1226:November 17, 2005. Retrieved November 22, 2006.
1203:November 17, 2005. Retrieved November 22, 2006.
956:November 17, 2005. Retrieved November 22, 2006.
903:November 29, 2005. Retrieved November 1, 2006.
668:"BMG to replace anti-rip Natalie Imbruglia CDs"
653:, August 17, 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2006.
1694:. Federal Trade Commission. January 30, 2007.
1123:"Sony backs out of rootkit anti-piracy scheme"
1071:"Muzzy's research about Sony's XCP DRM system"
1060:November 4, 2005. Retrieved November 22, 2006.
756:"Sony: Downbeat for a new online music battle"
382:events as well as a list of all affected CDs.
2583:
2414:
1663:"Crist's office joins Sony BMG spyware probe"
1574:"Crist's office joins Sony BMG spyware probe"
1432:. dallas.bizjournals.com. December 21, 2005.
390:On November 21, 2005, Texas attorney general
370:The next day, Massachusetts attorney general
292:Soon after Russinovich's first post, several
8:
901:F-secure Computer Rootkit Information Pages,
522:that was used in the program, including the
208:The scandal began on October 31, 2005, when
2298:"Copy protection an experiment in progress"
933:November 2005. Retrieved November 22, 2006.
351:for the CD according to SonyBMG's XCP FAQ.
3021:
2636:
2590:
2576:
2568:
2421:
2407:
2399:
1166:"First 4 Internet XCP DRM Vulnerabilities"
725:"NSync CD is copy protection 'experiment'"
403:New York and California class-action suits
141:Americas Conference on Information Systems
2317:Center for Information Technology Policy,
815:
813:
811:
82:. One of the programs would install and "
2669:Sony BMG copy protection rootkit scandal
2552:Sony BMG copy protection rootkit scandal
2307:Halderman, J. Alex, and Felten, Edward.
1750:"Sony BMG Settles FTC "Rootkit" Charges"
1430:"AG throws more allegations at Sony BMG"
855:, BBC News. Retrieved November 22, 2006.
1550:. Associated Press. December 30, 2005.
1102:from the original on September 14, 2019
661:
659:
631:
2180:from the original on December 16, 2006
2040:from the original on December 16, 2014
2014:from the original on September 3, 2020
1698:from the original on February 10, 2007
1591:
1306:from the original on December 28, 2005
865:Russinovich, Mark (October 31, 2005).
698:"Customers put kibosh on anti-copy CD"
691:
689:
2366:List of titles included in settlement
2119:from the original on February 4, 2007
2066:from the original on December 6, 2013
1730:from the original on October 19, 2011
1022:"Information about XCP protected CDs"
7:
3356:Compact Disc and DVD copy protection
943:"Sony's DRM Rootkit: The Real Story"
796:from the original on August 10, 2017
504:purchase and install that content."
488:was investigating Sony BMG spyware.
2356:List of titles affected by MediaMax
2107:Bray, Hiawatha (November 8, 2005).
1620:from the original on August 7, 2020
1616:(Press release). November 4, 2005.
1436:from the original on March 14, 2007
1328:. December 21, 2006. Archived from
1276:" Spitzer Gets on Sony BMG's Case "
1147:from the original on March 14, 2011
1092:"Attack targets Sony 'rootkit' fix"
754:Rohde, Laura (September 27, 2001).
696:Borland, John (November 19, 2001).
18:Sony BMG CD copy protection scandal
1462:from the original on June 14, 2006
1410:from the original on June 19, 2006
1024:. October 17, 2007. Archived from
966:"Viruses use Sony anti-piracy CDs"
846:"Anti-Piracy CD Problems Vex Sony"
827:from the original on April 1, 2013
788:Lettice, John (November 6, 2002).
704:from the original on June 17, 2011
25:
2138:Turner, Suzi (November 8, 2005).
1554:from the original on May 29, 2015
1524:from the original on May 30, 2009
1494:from the original on May 28, 2014
1213:"More pain for Sony over CD code"
1002:from the original on July 2, 2017
735:from the original on May 31, 2015
666:Smith, Tony (November 19, 2001).
640:"Sony Exec: We Will Beat Napster"
78:that were exploited by unrelated
2385:In-depth analysis and references
2140:"CA Targets Sony DRM as Spyware"
1300:"Office of the Attorney General"
873:. Microsoft MSDN. Archived from
2036:. WFMU blog. November 1, 2005.
1121:vunet.com (November 15, 2005).
570:In a November 7, 2005 article,
464:Department of Homeland Security
2361:List of titles affected by XCP
1692:"Sony BMG Settles FTC Charges"
723:Fox, Barry (October 2, 2001).
670:. The Register. Archived from
491:On January 30, 2007, the U.S.
135:In August 2000, statements by
1:
1143:. Eff.org. November 8, 2005.
520:free and open-source software
54:measures on about 22 million
3000:Kaminsky DNS cache poisoning
2744:(findings published in 2010)
1674:St. Petersburg Times Online,
1487:. texasattorneygeneral.gov.
497:Federal Trade Commission Act
319:Legal and financial problems
2004:"LAME Ain't an MP3 Encoder"
1190:"Sony BMG bows to pressure"
1176:September 27, 2007, at the
931:Symantec Security Response,
580:classified the software as
451:(an association similar to
137:Sony Pictures Entertainment
3372:
2236:November 27, 2005, at the
1645:December 29, 2005, at the
1218:December 20, 2006, at the
1195:November 24, 2005, at the
1076:November 24, 2005, at the
821:"Sony BMG Litigation Info"
511:
479:end-user license agreement
460:U.S. Department of Justice
413:On December 30, 2005, the
201:
88:end-user license agreement
3321:Digital rights management
2603:
2430:Digital rights management
2062:. NPR. November 4, 2005.
1668:January 14, 2006, at the
1598:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1170:US-CERT Activity Archive,
907:January 14, 2007, at the
553:Company and press reports
312:for the ActiveX control.
230:digital rights management
99:infringement of copyright
64:digital rights management
2450:Extended Copy Protection
1404:"Texas Attorney General"
1378:"Texas Attorney General"
1080:Retrieved June 21, 2014.
948:August 30, 2006, at the
925:August 19, 2006, at the
920:"SecurityRisk.First4DRM"
651:New Yorkers For Fair Use
493:Federal Trade Commission
204:Extended Copy Protection
173:Copy-protection software
2721:US military cyberattack
2711:Cyberattacks on Georgia
2685:Cyberattacks on Estonia
645:March 18, 2009, at the
66:(DRM) by modifying the
2716:Sarah Palin email hack
971:March 6, 2016, at the
851:June 21, 2006, at the
508:Copyright infringement
354:On November 18, 2005,
328:On November 15, 2005,
272:runs in the background
47:
40:'s fifth studio album
3336:Business ethics cases
2856:Jeanson James Ancheta
2288:National Public Radio
2176:. November 14, 2005.
2096:on November 25, 2005.
1974:"Sam Hocevar's .plan"
1842:on November 24, 2005.
1756:on September 29, 2007
1520:. November 10, 2005.
1129:on November 24, 2005.
954:Schneier On Security,
638:Anastasi, Michael A.
591:On November 8, 2005,
501:Deborah Platt Majoras
121:class-action lawsuits
35:
2690:Operation: Bot Roast
2598:Hacking in the 2000s
2211:on December 16, 2005
2008:lame.sourceforge.net
1918:www.the-interweb.com
1888:www.the-interweb.com
1858:www.the-interweb.com
1806:www.the-interweb.com
1653:. November 12, 2005.
1332:on December 21, 2006
1287:BusinessWeek Online,
1243:on January 30, 2009.
1052:May 6, 2010, at the
674:on February 17, 2010
232:had "gone too far".
2542:Defective by Design
2229:Halderman, J. Alex
2150:on October 12, 2012
1950:on October 18, 2013
1924:on October 17, 2013
1894:on October 17, 2013
1812:on October 17, 2013
1406:. Oag.state.tx.us.
1358:on October 12, 2007
1302:. Ago.state.ma.us.
1237:"SonyBMG's XCP FAQ"
1028:on October 17, 2007
593:Computer Associates
165:White Lilies Island
3331:Corporate scandals
2653:Operation Firewall
2242:Freedom to Tinker,
1782:on October 6, 2008
1548:The New York Times
1281:2005-12-01 at the
1274:Hesseldahl, Arik.
408:Class-action suits
386:Texas state action
241:malicious software
70:to interfere with
48:
3303:
3302:
3299:
3298:
2781:associated events
2757:
2756:
2706:Project Chanology
2627:
2626:
2565:
2564:
2547:Software cracking
2509:Windows Media DRM
1723:. June 29, 2007.
1090:Gilbert, Alorie.
895:Larvala, Samuli.
877:on March 17, 2015
473:and the SunnComm
183:Microsoft Windows
169:copy protection.
160:Natalie Imbruglia
16:(Redirected from
3363:
3022:
2873:str0ke (milw0rm)
2742:Operation Aurora
2637:
2606:
2605:
2592:
2585:
2578:
2569:
2423:
2416:
2409:
2400:
2294:Bergstein, Brian
2271:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2257:. Archived from
2251:
2245:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2207:. Archived from
2196:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2146:. Archived from
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2113:The Boston Globe
2104:
2098:
2097:
2092:. Archived from
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1984:on June 15, 2013
1980:. Archived from
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1946:. Archived from
1940:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1920:. Archived from
1910:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1890:. Archived from
1880:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1860:. Archived from
1850:
1844:
1843:
1838:. Archived from
1832:"Sony's XCP DRM"
1828:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1808:. Archived from
1798:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
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1746:
1740:
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1688:
1677:
1660:
1654:
1638:Menta, Richard.
1636:
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1400:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1384:on July 25, 2010
1374:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1354:. Archived from
1348:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1296:
1290:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1239:. Archived from
1233:
1227:
1210:
1204:
1201:Financial Times,
1186:
1180:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1125:. Archived from
1118:
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1111:
1109:
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1087:
1081:
1067:
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832:
823:. July 1, 2011.
817:
806:
805:
803:
801:
792:. The Register.
785:
779:
778:
773:
771:
762:. Archived from
751:
745:
744:
742:
740:
720:
714:
713:
711:
709:
693:
684:
683:
681:
679:
663:
654:
636:
577:The Boston Globe
543:VLC media player
450:
235:Anti-virus firm
214:Mark Russinovich
162:'s second album
68:operating system
43:Nothing Is Sound
21:
3371:
3370:
3366:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3351:Windows trojans
3341:Corporate crime
3306:
3305:
3304:
3295:
3269:
3243:
3217:
3186:
3160:
3129:
3088:
3072:
3053:Anna Kournikova
3041:
3011:
2986:
2984:Vulnerabilities
2978:
2952:
2936:
2927:Dmitry Sklyarov
2907:Albert Gonzalez
2837:
2753:
2725:
2694:
2673:
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2596:
2566:
2561:
2530:
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2427:
2347:
2280:
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2274:
2264:
2262:
2261:on May 15, 2006
2253:
2252:
2248:
2238:Wayback Machine
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1864:on June 2, 2013
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909:Wayback Machine
894:
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853:Wayback Machine
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840:
830:
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809:
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797:
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782:
769:
767:
766:on May 28, 2008
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647:Wayback Machine
637:
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444:
438:
405:
388:
326:
321:
302:ActiveX control
206:
200:
175:
145:revenue streams
133:
97:in an apparent
76:vulnerabilities
58:distributed by
52:copy protection
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3369:
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3270:
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3257:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3239:Black Energy 1
3236:
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3034:
3028:
3026:
3019:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3003:
2997:
2994:Shatter attack
2990:
2988:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2960:
2958:
2957:Hacking forums
2954:
2953:
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2820:
2815:
2813:PLA Unit 61398
2810:
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2795:
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2783:
2773:
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2739:
2737:Operation Troy
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2345:External links
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2296:(2005-11-18).
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512:Main article:
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419:reported that
416:New York Times
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325:
324:Product recall
322:
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290:
289:
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279:system crashes
275:
270:It constantly
268:
257:security holes
216:posted to his
202:Main article:
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2472:MediaMax CD-3
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2336:- 2005-11-12
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3182:Sony rootkit
3181:
2948:Bluehell IRC
2917:Dan Kaminsky
2912:Sven Jaschan
2668:
2551:
2380:Boing Boing.
2379:
2338:MP3 Newswire
2316:
2301:
2290:, 2005-11-04
2263:. Retrieved
2259:the original
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1970:Hocevar, Sam
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1651:MP3 Newswire
1650:
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1608:
1584:November 22,
1582:. Retrieved
1578:The Inquirer
1577:
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1558:November 22,
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1095:
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1058:Mark's Blog,
1057:
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1026:the original
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995:The Register
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207:
176:
163:
157:
134:
118:
107:
49:
41:
29:
3100:SQL Slammer
2922:Samy Kamkar
2843:Individuals
2808:Level Seven
2771:Ac1db1tch3z
2750:(2008–2010)
2649:(2003–2006)
2265:January 18,
1978:sam.zoy.org
1836:www.hack.fi
1151:October 22,
871:Mark's Blog
601:Yahoo! News
445: [
392:Greg Abbott
304:containing
286:uninstaller
255:It creates
212:researcher
198:XCP rootkit
110:uninstaller
3310:Categories
2987:discovered
2974:darksun.ws
2969:unkn0wn.eu
2877:Lil Hacker
2823:ShadowCrew
2748:WebcamGate
2647:Titan Rain
2205:vnunet.com
2154:August 19,
2090:vnunet.com
1734:January 8,
1414:August 22,
1388:August 22,
1310:August 22,
1006:August 10,
800:August 24,
739:August 24,
708:August 24,
678:August 24,
626:References
608:ZDNet News
586:IP address
572:vnunet.com
537:, id3lib,
440:In Italy,
372:Tom Reilly
349:jewel case
330:vnunet.com
284:It has no
210:Winternals
131:Background
92:copylefted
84:phone home
72:CD copying
38:Switchfoot
3281:Conficker
3260:Agent.btz
2788:Avalanche
2776:Anonymous
2633:Incidents
2557:StarForce
2489:PlayReady
2467:LaserLock
2327:Gartner:
2315:format),
1988:April 10,
1954:April 10,
1928:April 10,
1898:April 10,
1868:April 10,
1816:April 10,
1786:April 17,
1594:cite news
1224:BBC News,
831:April 10,
529:encoder,
3346:Rootkits
3286:Koobface
3265:Mariposa
3213:Stration
3208:Clickbot
3172:PGPCoder
3120:Graybird
3058:Code Red
3032:ILOVEYOU
3006:sslstrip
2964:ryan1918
2941:Darknets
2932:Stakkato
2870:Digerati
2866:Dshocker
2833:Sandworm
2803:GhostNet
2616:Timeline
2526:FairPlay
2521:Widevine
2494:SafeDisc
2438:Software
2432:software
2234:Archived
2178:Archived
2174:BBC News
2117:Archived
2070:June 20,
2064:Archived
2038:Archived
2012:Archived
1760:June 20,
1725:Archived
1702:June 20,
1696:Archived
1666:Archived
1643:Archived
1618:Archived
1552:Archived
1522:Archived
1518:BBC News
1489:Archived
1466:June 20,
1460:Archived
1440:June 20,
1434:Archived
1408:Archived
1336:June 20,
1304:Archived
1279:Archived
1216:Archived
1193:Archived
1174:Archived
1145:Archived
1100:Archived
1074:Archived
1050:Archived
1032:June 20,
1000:Archived
977:BBC News
969:Archived
946:Archived
923:Archived
905:Archived
881:July 29,
849:Archived
825:Archived
794:Archived
733:Archived
702:Archived
700:. CNET.
643:Archived
612:SunnComm
541:and the
475:MediaMax
421:Sony BMG
306:backdoor
246:Symantec
237:F-Secure
103:rootkits
60:Sony BMG
3291:Waledac
3198:Rustock
3125:Blaster
3105:Welchia
3037:Pikachu
3017:Malware
2887:camZero
2535:Related
2499:SecuROM
2445:CD-Cops
2389:Groklaw
2340:article
2278:Sources
2018:May 13,
1624:May 13,
1106:May 13,
582:spyware
356:Reuters
335:US-CERT
310:killbit
294:trojans
265:viruses
222:rootkit
149:Napster
80:malware
3255:Asprox
3156:Mydoom
3151:Sasser
3146:NetSky
3084:Simile
3008:(2009)
3002:(2008)
2996:(2002)
2902:diabl0
2897:Cyxymu
2892:Coolio
2861:SilenZ
2763:Groups
2484:OpenMG
2462:Denuvo
539:mpg123
531:mpglib
376:Boston
179:merger
125:recall
3229:Storm
3141:Bagle
3115:Gruel
3110:Sobig
3063:Nimda
2851:AKill
2798:0x1fe
2621:2010s
2611:1990s
2514:Janus
2504:Tagès
2144:ZDNet
1728:(PDF)
1721:(PDF)
1492:(PDF)
1485:(PDF)
449:]
442:ALCEI
261:worms
191:macOS
3326:Sony
3274:2009
3248:2008
3234:ZeuS
3222:2007
3203:ZLOB
3191:2006
3177:Samy
3165:2005
3134:2004
3093:2003
3077:2002
3068:Klez
3046:2001
3025:2000
2882:BadB
2793:GNAA
2730:2009
2699:2008
2678:2007
2662:2005
2640:2004
2477:list
2455:list
2267:2007
2217:2006
2186:2006
2156:2010
2125:2006
2072:2011
2046:2014
2020:2020
1990:2013
1956:2013
1930:2013
1900:2013
1870:2013
1818:2013
1788:2012
1762:2007
1736:2012
1704:2007
1626:2020
1600:link
1586:2006
1560:2006
1530:2006
1500:2006
1468:2011
1442:2011
1416:2010
1390:2010
1364:2008
1338:2011
1312:2010
1262:2005
1153:2011
1108:2020
1096:CNET
1034:2011
1008:2017
883:2009
833:2013
802:2009
772:2009
741:2009
710:2009
680:2009
535:FAAC
524:LAME
458:The
226:EULA
218:blog
2818:RBN
2313:PDF
760:IDG
561:NPR
527:MP3
471:XCP
453:EFF
263:or
153:ISP
56:CDs
3312::
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
