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142:(NMNH) as an elevator operator in the 1940s at a time when discriminatory hiring practices prevented African-Americans from working in a curatorial or scientific capacity at the Museum. In the late 1950s, after having gained extensive knowledge of the museum's exhibitions, she asked for and achieved a role in entomological work, eventually restoring hundreds of thousands of insects, classifying thousands. She co-identified 40 type specimens, specimens that stand as the representative example of the species. In 1979, a mite was named in her honor.
224:. They traveled extensively, including trips to Scandinavia, Hawaii and elsewhere in the United States. Barbara married Willis Hines in 1954 and they had two children, Barbara Elaine Hines and Bryan Edward Hines. Lutterlough remained close to her family and traveled frequently to visit them in New Jersey. Sophie and her daughter Barbara also took a Smithsonian-sponsored trip to China. Lutterlough was widowed, and in 1999, she moved to live with her daughter in
174:(NMNH). Racial barriers against African-Americans prevented her from direct employment in the museum's curatorial and science work. She was employed on a trial basis as an elevator operator - the first woman in that position at the Smithsonian - and held that position for 14 years, during which she studied the museum's exhibits on her lunch break and became "a one-women information bureau" to museum visitors.
192:, was a research associate at the NMNH from the late 1970s. There were no other African-Americans employed as scientists there in 1985. African-Americans were still greatly under-represented among entomologists in 2008, when only eight faculty members of 1,348 on U.S. websites could be identified as African-American.
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It was common for people without academic qualifications in science to become scientists through training and experience at the NMNH. Lutterlough started on that path in 1957, when she asked an insect curator, J.F. Gates Clark, if she could work in his department, and gained a position as insect
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Lutterlough's first marriage, to Alvin Mack, ended in divorce but produced two children, Geraldine Yvonne and
Barbara Jean Mack. Geraldine died in childhood. In 1941, Lutterlough married Henry E. Lutterlough. Henry Lutterlough was a member of the
202:
Lutterlough took college courses in science and writing, and studied German to support her development as an entomologist. Among her achievements were restoring 35,000 ticks, enabling her and her supervisor, Dr. Ralph
Crabill, to identify 40
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preparator. This had happened in 1926 for at least one other
African-American, Barry Hampton, who moved from being a mail clerk to working in the Division of Reptiles and Bachtrachians, although he was still classified as a laborer.
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group, that includes centipedes and millipedes, as well as ticks and other species. The NMNH's 1963/64 annual report, for example, reported that she restored over 300,000 ticks in the preceding year.
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Lutterlough worked on identifying the NMNH's insect collection, becoming a research assistant within two years. For the next 24 years, she restored and classified many arthropods in the
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in the choir. She joined the Cross of Glory
Lutheran Church and its choir when she moved to New Jersey. Lutterlough died in Monroe Township on 11 February 2009, at the age of 98.
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585:"Recruiting for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics disciplines: perspectives of Black and Hispanic entomologists"
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305:""It Won't Be Easy to Leave after 40 Years": Sophie Lutterlough's Career at the National Museum of Natural History"
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207:(a specimen that is the reference point for others in its species). She retired from NMNH after 40 years.
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is a large mite, described from a sample in the NMNH collection (No. 3782), collected in Oregon in 1970.
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In 1983 when she retired from the
Smithsonian, Lutterlough was honored with an Exemplary Service award.
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228:. She was a member of the People's Congregational Church from 1960, and the first
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The
National Museum of Natural History: 75 Years in the Natural History Building
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Abramson, Charles I.; Curb, Lisa A.; Chicas-Mosier, Ana M. (January 2013).
521:"Jeannine Smith Clark and the Increase and Diffusion of Cultural Education"
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worked at the NMNH as a volunteer tour guide from the late 1960s, and
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494:"The Long Journey to Scientific Aide: Barry Hampton's Career"
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In 1943, Lutterlough applied for a job at the
Smithsonian
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People from Monroe
Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey
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619:. Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research. 2009
467:"A Scientist and a Tinkerer – A Story in a Frame"
552:. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
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371:Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
138:. Lutterlough began working at the Smithsonian
226:Monroe Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey
73:Monroe Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey
35:Sophie Lutterlough in 1983 at the Smithsonian
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471:National Museum of Natural History Unearthed
335:U.S. National Museum Annual Report 1963-1964
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441:"SI Hires First Female Elevator Operator"
99:Museum specialist (zoology), Smithsonian
699:20th-century African-American scientists
362:Smiley, R.L.; Whitaker, J.O. Jr (1979).
373:. XXV 3-4 (25): 383–408. Archived from
338:. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1963
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689:20th-century American women scientists
492:Henson, Pamela M. (16 February 2017).
421:. USA Today Network. 13 February 2009
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704:21st-century African-American people
473:. National Museum of Natural History
709:21st-century African-American women
694:20th-century African-American women
519:Sayah, Olivia (23 February 2016).
465:Starrs, Siobhan (10 August 2010).
303:Sayah, Olivia (16 February 2016).
172:National Museum of Natural History
140:National Museum of Natural History
101:National Museum of Natural History
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654:African-American women scientists
684:20th-century American zoologists
674:Scientists from Washington, D.C.
525:Smithsonian Institution Archives
498:Smithsonian Institution Archives
364:"Mites of the genus pygmephorus"
309:Smithsonian Institution Archives
220:biochemistry laboratory at the
679:Smithsonian Institution people
546:Yochelson, Ellis Leon (1985).
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222:National Institutes of Health
659:American women entomologists
617:"The Stadtman NIH Symposium"
134:(1910—2009) was an American
664:African-American biologists
69:February 11, 2009 (aged 98)
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527:. Smithsonian Institution
500:. Smithsonian Institution
311:. Smithsonian Institution
252:Pygmephorus lutterloughae
121:Pygmephorus lutterloughae
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589:Comprehensive Psychology
146:Early life and education
445:Smithsonian Institution
415:"Sophie G. Lutterlough"
240:In 1979, a mite of the
150:Lutterlough was born
16:American entomologist
602:10.2466/11.17.CP.2.4
182:Jeannine Smith Clark
571:sophie lutterlough.
249:was named for her.
218:Earl Reece Stadtman
116:Classifying insects
160:Dunbar High School
152:Sophie G. Tolliver
132:Sophie Lutterlough
23:Sophie Lutterlough
419:Asbury Park Press
190:Howard University
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136:entomologist
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95:Entomologist
649:2009 deaths
644:1910 births
246:Pygmephorus
88:Occupations
80:Nationality
638:Categories
262:References
65:2009-02-11
197:Myriapoda
623:19 March
565:19 March
531:19 March
504:20 March
477:19 March
450:11 April
425:19 March
384:19 March
342:19 March
315:18 March
83:American
230:soprano
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236:Honors
166:Career
378:(PDF)
367:(PDF)
242:genus
119:Mite
625:2017
567:2017
554:ISBN
533:2017
506:2017
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59:Died
48:1910
41:Born
597:doi
154:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
