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France had acquired a sort of monopoly on culture, style, and luxury living, a position that it has occupied ever since. Beginning in the late seventeenth century, travelers were saying what novelists and filmmakers are still repeating: travel to Paris was guaranteed to add a touch of magic to every life. rom this moment on, that touch of magic became widely desired: elegance, luxury, and sophistication became factors to be reckoned with.
164:
109:
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circles in the country's biggest cities. The transformation of the
American class dynamic from a single-minded striving for economic abundance to a multi-dimensional striving for sophistication in addition to abundance – a mixture of status pursuits more typical of Europe – was seeded in the 1960s. = adam markovich
671:
By the second half of the seventeenth century the experience of the Grand Tour marked the socially successful gentleman. In 1678 Gailhard noted that many travelled
Englishmen regarded their home-bred compatriots as their social inferiors and affected foreign accents, fashions and mannerisms in order
497:
In the sixteenth century, the French were not thought of as the most elegant or the most sophisticated
European nation. By the early eighteenth century, however, people all over Europe declared that 'the French are stylish' or 'the French know good food,' just as they said, 'the Dutch are clean.'
555:
The pursuit of cultural sophistication (Bourdieu's cultural capital) was until recently a niche phenomenon in
America. It existed mainly in 'old-money' families, which dominated elite breeding grounds (prep schools, Ivy league universities, elite liberal arts colleges), and in the small Bohemian
435:
So here are the stories of the shoemaker, the hairdresser, the cosmetologist, the cookbook writers, the chef, the diamond merchant, the couturieres, and the fashion queens, the inventors of the folding umbrella ... and of champagne. Together they created a style that still shapes our ideas of
139:
In social terms, the connotations of sophistication depends on whether one is an insider or an outsider of the sophisticated class. Sophistication can be seen as "a form of snobbery," or as "among the most desirable of human qualities."
151:, covering the art of " the shoemaker, the hairdresser, the cosmetologist, the cookbook writers, the chef, the diamond merchant, the couturieres, and the fashion queens, the inventors of the folding umbrella ... and of champagne."
750:
This centralization led to a hierarchical ordering of territory and populations that located sophistication, civilization, and power in the center. Distance from
Rangoon was associated with political insignificance and social
714:
1913 Miss Ela
Hockaday opens a finishing school in Dallas and single-handedly creates the Texas ideal of what a lady should be. aughters from remote West Texas ranches gained a measure of sophistication.
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And by showing the sophistication of Aztec civilization, the editor challenges the premise upon which the conquest was justified and legitimated.
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In every culture ideas develop among the different social classes as to what signifies status, sophistication, privilege, and superiority.
35:
846:
726:
Callahan, Mary P. (2004), "Making
Myanmars: Language, Territory and Belonging in Post-Socialist Burma", in Migdal, Joel S. (ed.),
766:
Figural conquistadors: rewriting the New World's discovery and conquest in
Mexican and River Plate novels of the 1980s and 1990s
823:
229:
The system of modern
Western sophistication has its roots in France, arguably helped along its way by the policies of King
89:
596:
But the mutakallim's universe of discourse now included the whole range of
Falsafah with its intellectual sophistication.
143:
A study of style conveys an idea of the range of possible elements through which one can demonstrate sophistication in
511:
477:
The essence of style: how the French invented high fashion, fine food, chic cafes, style, sophistication, and glamour
415:
The essence of style: how the French invented high fashion, fine food, chic cafes, style, sophistication, and glamour
875:
275:
distinguishes "two types of sophistication: limited access or allusive knowledge, and complex processing".
516:
31:
399:
sophistication is a form of snobbery – it's based above all on knowing something another person does not.
769:. The Bucknell studies in Latin American literature and theory. Bucknell University Press. p. 39.
729:
Boundaries and belonging: states and societies in the struggle to shape identities and local practices
44:
refers to the qualities of refinement, good taste, and wisdom. By contrast, its original use was as a
226:
to win arguments gave sophistication a derogatory quality. Sophistry was then the art of misleading.
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The English regarded sophistication as decadent and deceptive until the aristocratic
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On a societal level commentators can associate various forms of sophistication with
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653:. Brill's studies in intellectual history. Vol. 58. Brill. p. 242.
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Cultural Strategy: Using Innovative Ideologies to Build Breakthrough Brands
342:. Routledge interpretive marketing research series. Routledge. p. 52.
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Methods of acquiring the appearance of personal sophistication include:
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The venture of Islam: conscience and history in a world civilization
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Consuming people: from political economy to theaters of consumption
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241:
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617:. Humor research. Vol. 1. Walter de Gruyter. p. 216.
158:
103:
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Images of the educational traveller in early modern England
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educational travel – note the function of the traditional
578:. Vol. 3. University of Chicago Press. p. 323.
448:
Mark Backman (1991), "The Roots of Our Sophistication",
816:
Strange gourmets: sophistication, theory, and the novel
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120:
84:, sophistication can be linked with concepts such as
64:, it is common as a measure of refinement—displaying
474:
412:
808:"Kiss Me, Stupid: Sophistication and Snobbery in
512:"Sophistication: A Literary and Cultural History"
256:Recognised varieties of sophistication include:
732:, Cambridge University Press, pp. 99–120,
325:Sophistication: A Literary and Cultural History
839:A view of the Nation: an anthology, 1955–1959
8:
338:Firat, A. Fuat; Dholakia, Nikhilesh (2003).
248:(1778–1840) became fashionable and admired.
537:. Oxford University Press. pp. 91–92.
260:cultural sophistication(or culturedness)
531:Holt, Douglas; Douglas Cameron (2010).
315:
684:Mackintosh, Prudence (January 1986).
436:elegance, sophistication, and luxury.
7:
672:to demonstrate their sophistication.
72:and subtlety rather than crudeness,
841:. Ayer Publishing. pp. 62–69.
214:. This then became the wisdom of
36:Sophistication (complexity theory)
25:
698:(1). Emmis Communications: 154.
510:Deborah Longworth (2 Sep 2010),
481:. New York: Free Press. p.
419:. New York: Free Press. p.
240:and refined elegance of Regency
162:
107:
1:
383:(7). Here Publishing: 38–80.
833:M. Christman, Henry (1970).
614:Linguistic theories of humor
835:"Sophistication in America"
263:intellectual sophistication
52:, and included the idea of
27:Word derived from sophistry
892:
763:Hernández, Mark A (2006).
60:. Today, as researched by
29:
818:. Duke University Press.
279:Acquiring sophistication
806:Litvak, Joseph (1997).
252:Types of sophistication
100:Scope of sophistication
80:. In the perception of
570:Hodgson, Marshall G. S
517:Times Higher Education
371:"Staying a Step Ahead"
323:Hammill, Faye (2010).
291:for European aesthetes
32:Sophistication (books)
473:DeJean, Joan (2003).
411:DeJean, Joan (2003).
233:(reigned 1643–1715).
222:. But their use of
30:For other uses, see
267:In the analysis of
609:Attardo, Salvatore
174:. You can help by
119:. You can help by
796:Alecia Watterson
776:978-0-8387-5645-4
739:978-0-521-83566-4
660:978-90-04-10126-5
624:978-3-11-014255-6
585:978-0-226-34684-7
544:978-0-19-958740-7
492:978-0-7432-6413-6
459:978-0-918024-91-6
430:978-0-7432-6413-6
349:978-0-415-31620-0
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16:(Redirected from
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369:(January 2001).
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42:Sophistication
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18:Sophisticated
838:
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780:. Retrieved
765:
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743:, retrieved
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707:. Retrieved
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664:. Retrieved
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628:. Retrieved
613:
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589:. Retrieved
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567:For example:
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548:. Retrieved
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392:. Retrieved
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324:
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304:civilization
301:
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266:
255:
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228:
216:philosophers
199:
193:
180:
176:adding to it
171:
142:
138:
125:
121:adding to it
116:
82:social class
62:Faye Hammill
58:adulteration
41:
40:
810:Vanity Fair
94:superiority
866:Aesthetics
860:Categories
825:0822320169
782:2011-03-13
745:2011-03-13
709:2011-02-24
666:2011-02-24
630:2011-02-21
591:2011-02-24
550:2011-02-24
394:2011-03-06
310:References
289:Grand Tour
183:March 2011
128:March 2011
66:good taste
46:pejorative
704:0148-7736
389:1062-7928
231:Louis XIV
90:privilege
78:vulgarity
74:stupidity
54:admixture
647:(1995).
611:(1994).
572:(1974).
244:such as
224:rhetoric
220:sophists
218:such as
212:prophets
145:elegance
871:Culture
242:dandies
204:insight
155:History
149:fashion
50:sophist
845:
822:
773:
736:
702:
657:
621:
582:
541:
489:
456:
427:
387:
346:
200:sophia
86:status
70:wisdom
269:humor
208:poets
843:ISBN
820:ISBN
771:ISBN
734:ISBN
700:ISSN
655:ISBN
619:ISBN
580:ISBN
539:ISBN
487:ISBN
454:ISBN
425:ISBN
385:ISSN
344:ISBN
210:and
147:and
92:and
76:and
34:and
421:193
376:Out
206:of
194:In
178:.
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56:or
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785:.
748:,
712:.
696:14
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271:,
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88:,
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851:.
828:.
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633:.
483:3
381:9
327:.
185:)
181:(
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126:(
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
