67:. They consist of volume sliders or rotary controls that represent each individual source, which may be accompanied by balance and mute controls. Most interfaces provide a method of switching between playback (output) sources and recording (input) sources. Additional hardware or software may add other effects such as
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that allow the CPU to receive audio signal can either be connected directly to one of each of the inputs, or they can be connected to the same summation result that the mixer can provide via the line, aux and mono analog outputs. Therefore, in addition to the above input and output gain controls, a
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Audio signal received through one of the (typically two: MIC1 and MIC2, switchable) analog microphone inputs. MIC1 is typically connected to the external microphone jack (colored
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mixer also provides a number of controls for selecting the recording source. The result of this selection is again subject to a mute and gain control before it is digitized.
36:. Different mixing schemes are in use, but the ones implemented in most IBM-PC compatible computers today are variants of a scheme defined in Intel's
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Audio signal provided to the AUX OUT connection of the mixer. Not all sound cards provide this mixer channel on an external connector.
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The following schematic shows a greatly simplified example of how some sound card's mixers manipulate sound from different sources:
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Audio signal received from the analog CD input of the mixer, which is usually connected to the analog audio output of a CD drive.
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Audio signal generated by a synthesizer chip (often described as “MIDI device”) or digital signal processor on the sound card.
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Audio signal generated by the CPU via the sound card's digital-to-analog converter. (This includes audio produced by games,
32:) these signals, adds them together, and finally routes the result to both external output connectors and the sound card's
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that routes and mixes sound signals. This circuit receives inputs from both external connectors and the sound card's
394:, Revision 2.3, Intel Corporation, April 2002. Figure 17: AC ’97 mixer functional diagram (section 5.5, page 43)
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Audio signal received through the LINE input of the mixer, usually connected to an external jack (colored
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Audio signal provided to the MONO connection of the mixer. Some PCs connect this signal to an internal
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Each of the following signal destinations has its own gain and mute control in a typical mixer scheme:
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Audio signal received through the AUX input of the mixer. This mixer input is not used by all PCs.
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A more accurate depiction of the mixing scheme used in AC'97 compatible sound cards can be seen in
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Each of the following signal sources has its own gain and mute control in a typical mixer scheme:
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Sound card mixer controls are provided through the GUI interface in the computer's
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Some sound cards provide an input for the (very crude) audio signal that the
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201:(10Ă— voltage) amplifier can be activated for this input in most mixers.
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Audio signal provided to the LINE OUT jack of a sound card (colored
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150:, as well as TV tuner cards that use the CPU for decoding audio.)
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319:). This can be connected to headphones or a HiFi amplifier, etc.
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222:), which can be used to connect a HiFi amplifier, tuner,
56:, the mixer can be accessed via a Volume icon in the
28:. It selects or mutes, amplifies (with variable
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275:Digital interface, uncommon in the PC world
371:In a typical AC’97 style mixer scheme, the
138:players, but also some software playing a
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63:Mixer controls are similar to that of a
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7:
282:Typical output channels and controls
101:Typical input channels and controls
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258:of an IBM PC generates for the
40:Audio Component Specification.
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392:AC'97 Component Specification
373:analog-to-digital converters
34:analog-to-digital converters
26:digital-to-analog converters
256:Programmable Interval Timer
95:Figure 17 of the AC'97 spec
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142:through the CPU, such as,
20:is the analog part of a
367:Typical record controls
337:Mono out / PC speaker
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148:Media Player Classic
144:Windows Media Player
75:and boost controls.
54:desktop environments
360:Digital interface
298:Controlled source
197:). An optional 20
117:Controlled source
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69:low-pass filters
50:operating system
18:sound card mixer
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168:CD playback
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410:Sound cards
248:PC speaker
181:Microphone
122:Wave / PCM
58:system tray
380:References
345:PC speaker
313:lime green
260:PC speaker
228:television
216:light blue
73:distortion
52:. On most
22:sound card
303:Line out
295:channels
114:channels
404:Category
324:Aux out
292:Control
206:Line in
111:Control
272:stereo
235:Aux in
230:, etc.
199:decibel
328:stereo
307:stereo
239:stereo
210:stereo
193:under
172:stereo
159:stereo
126:stereo
353:SPDIF
340:mono
268:SPDIF
251:mono
140:CD-DA
38:AC'97
357:7.1
317:PC99
224:iPod
220:PC99
195:PC99
191:pink
185:mono
30:gain
315:in
218:in
146:or
136:WAV
134:or
132:MP3
406::
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262:.
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16:A
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