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envelope becomes more noticeable, expanding the minimum and maximum range of the filter. The envelope applied on the filter helps the sound designer generating long notes or short notes by moving the parameters up and down such as decay, sustain and finally release. For instance by using a short decay with no sustain, the sound generated is commonly known as a
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The filter may be controlled with a second ADSR envelope. An "envelope modulation" ("env mod") parameter on many synthesizers with filter envelopes determines how much the envelope affects the filter. If turned all the way down, the filter produces a flat sound with no envelope. When turned up the
958:, making them suitable for basslines, leads and solos. With the rise of polyphonic synthesizers in the 70s and 80s, "the keyboard in rock once more started to revert to the background, to be used for fills and atmosphere rather than for soloing". Some acts felt that using synthesizers was "cheating";
802:
The market for patchable and modular synthesizers rebounded in the late 1990s. In the 2000s, older analog synthesizers regained popularity, sometimes selling for much more than their original prices. In the 2010s, new, affordable analog synthesizers were introduced by companies including Moog, Korg,
706:, the DX7 was characterized by its "harsh", "glassy" and "chilly" sounds, compared to the "warm" and "fuzzy" sounds of analog synthesis. The DX7 was the first synthesizer to sell more than 100,000 unitsand remains one of the bestselling in history. It was widely used in 1980s pop music.
1430:, also known as phase modulation, a carrier wave is modulated with the frequency of a modulator wave; the resulting complex waveform can, in turn, be modulated by another modulator, and this by another, and so on. FM synthesis is characterized as "harsh", "glassy" and "chilly".
1352:(AFM). Robert Moog felt that the AFM had not realized that his instrument had to be studied like any other, and instead imagined that "all the sounds that musicians could make somehow existed in the Moog — all you had to do was push a button that said '
2007:
Synthesizer clones are unlicensed recreations of previous synthesizers, often marketed as affordable versions of famous musical equipment. Clones are available as physical instruments and software. Companies that have sold software clones include
527:. It was the first synthesizer sold in music stores, and was more practical for live performance. It standardized the concept of synthesizers as self-contained instruments with built-in keyboards. In the early 1970s, the British composer
510:
depending on finger position and force. However, the Moog's keyboard made it more accessible and marketable to musicians, and keyboards became the standard means of controlling synthesizers. Moog and Buchla initially avoided the word
1363:
persuaded the AFM that the synthesizer demanded skill, and the category of "synthesizer player" was accepted into the union/ However, players were subject to "suspicion and hostility" for years. In 1982, following a tour by
1624:(VCFs) "shape" the sound generated by the oscillators in the frequency domain, often under the control of an envelope or LFO. These are essential to subtractive synthesis. Filters are particularly important in
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as "the only innovation that can stand alongside the electric guitar as a great new instrument of the age of electricity ... Both led to new forms of music, and both had massive popular appeal." According to
757:. With more than 250,000 units sold, it remains the bestselling synthesizer in history. The advent of digital synthesizers led to a downturn in interest in analog synthesizers in the following decade.
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polyphonic synthesizer. Whereas previous synthesizers required users to adjust cables and knobs to change sounds, with no guarantee of exactly recreating a sound, the
Prophet-5 used
853:, demonstrated that synthesizers could be more than "random noise machines", taking them to the mainstream. However, debates were held about the appropriateness of synthesizers in
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system composed of numerous separate electronic modules, each capable of generating, shaping, or controlling a sound depending on how each module is connected to other modules by
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that boosts (amplifies) the electronic signal before passing it on to an external or built-in power amplifier, as well as a means to control its amplitude (volume) using an
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attempted to ban synthesizers, attracting controversy. That decade, a few musicians skilled at programming the Yamaha DX7 found employment creating sounds for other acts.
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The first digital synthesizer to make it into the studios of everyone else, the Yamaha DX7, became one of the most commercially successful synthesizers of all time.
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music. Today, the synthesizer is used in nearly every genre of music and is considered one of the most important instruments in the music industry. According to
954:
The portable
Minimoog (1970), much smaller than the modular synthesizers before it, made synthesizers more common in live performance. Early synthesizers could
290:, took synthesizers to the mainstream. They were adopted by electronic acts and pop and rock groups in the 1960s and 1970s and were widely used in 1980s music.
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are generated by oscillators and then shaped with filters to remove or boost specific frequencies. Subtractive synthesis is characterized as "rich" and "warm".
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to store sounds in patch memory. This facilitated a move from synthesizers creating unpredictable sounds to producing "a standard package of familiar sounds".
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Today, the synthesizer is one of the most important instruments in the music industry, used in nearly every genre. It is considered by the authors of
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Digital synthesizers typically contained preset sounds emulating acoustic instruments, with algorithms controlled with menus and buttons. The
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663:. The success of the Fairlight drove competition, improving sampling technology and lowering prices. Early competing samplers included the
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In the 1980s, digital synthesizers were widely used in pop music. The Yamaha DX7, released in 1983, became a pop staple, used on songs by
915:. Emerson was the first major rock musician to perform with the Moog and it became a trademark of his performances, helping take his band
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at different pitches. Though its high price made it inaccessible to amateurs, it was adopted by high-profile pop musicians including
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721:(1987) blended Roland's linear arithmetic algorithm with samples, and was the first mass-produced synthesizer with built-in digital
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and digital recording. With a starting price of $ 13,000, its use was limited to universities, studios and wealthy artists. The
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for their instruments, as it was associated with the RCA synthesizer; however, by the 1970s, it had become the standard term.
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Composed and performed on the
Synclavier II in the Bregman Electronic Music Studio, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire.
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1770:(volume), filters (frequencies), or pitch. The most common envelope is the ADSR (attack, decay, sustain, release) envelope:
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An example of two identical groups of notes being played first by a sawtooth oscillator, and then by a triangle oscillator.
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out of work. With its ability to imitate instruments such as strings and horns, the synthesizer threatened the jobs of
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synthesizer in 1979, has influenced all genres of music and had a major influence on the development of electronic and
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1388:, complex waveforms are generated by oscillators and then shaped with filters to remove or boost specific frequencies.
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682:, released in 1983, was the first commercially successful digital synthesizer and was widely used in 1980s pop music.
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used them extensively for his soundtracks. Synthesizers were used to create themes for television shows including
811:. The renewed interest is credited to the appeal of imperfect "organic" sounds and simpler interfaces, and modern
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After retail stores started selling synthesizers in 1971, other synthesizer companies were established, including
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such as velocity sensitivity and aftertouch, allowing for more control over the sound. Other controllers include
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define "the early years of the synthesizer" as between 1964 and the mid-1970s, beginning with the debut of the
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Synthesizer-like instruments emerged in the United States in the mid-20th century with instruments such as the
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The rise of the synthesizer led to major changes in music industry jobs, comparable to the earlier arrival of
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means of synchronizing electronic instruments, was introduced in 1982 and remains an industry standard. The
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in 1973. By the mid-1970s, ARP was the world's largest synthesizer manufacturer, though it closed in 1981.
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Vintage
Synthesizers: Groundbreaking Instruments and Pioneering Designers of Electronic Music Synthesizers
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in 2016, "The synthesizer is as important, and as ubiquitous, in modern music today as the human voice."
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in 2016, "The synthesizer is as important, and as ubiquitous, in modern music today as the human voice."
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of the audio signal. VCAs can be modulated by other components, such as LFOs and envelopes. A VCA is a
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is the time taken for initial run-up of level from nil to peak, beginning when the note is triggered.
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586:. Designs for synthesizers appeared in the amateur electronics market, such as a design published in
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is the time taken for the subsequent run down from the attack level to the designated sustain level.
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standardized synthesizers as self-contained instruments with built-in keyboards, unlike the larger
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1865:(LFOs) produce waveforms used to modulate parameters, such as the pitch of oscillators (producing
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is the time taken for the level to decay from the sustain level to zero after the key is released.
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In the 70s and 80s, synthesizers were used in the scores for thrillers and horror films including
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1348:. For a period, the Moog was banned from use in commercial work, a restriction negotiated by the
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means of synchronizing electronic instruments; it remains an industry standard. An influential
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Laboratory of
Patching: Illustrated Compendium of Modular Synthesis. Publisher's number: 13662
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2826:"The life and times of Ikutaro Kakehashi, the Roland pioneer modern music owes everything to"
835:
scenes for their ability to make new sounds, but with little perceived commercial potential.
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keyboards, which may be built into the synthesizer unit or attached via connections such as
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2798:"The 14 most important synths in electronic music history – and the musicians who use them"
2306:"The 14 most important synths in electronic music history – and the musicians who use them"
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1927:. They usually include controls for speed, range and mode (the movement of the arpeggio).
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of sounds) are played back and shaped with components such as filters, envelopes and LFOs.
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released successful synthesizer-led instrumental albums. This influenced the emergence of
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3358:"Robert Moog: 'I wouldn't call this music' – a classic interview to mark a Google doodle"
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is the level during the main sequence of the sound's duration, until the key is released.
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121:, which modulate parameters such as pitch, volume, or filter characteristics affecting
986:. In the late 1970s and the early 1980s, the Minimoog was widely used in the emerging
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that could be played in real time via MIDI. In 1999, an update to the music software
734:
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664:
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570:, a rival to the Minimoog. The less expensive EMS synthesizers were used by European
362:
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1589:(CV), coming from an envelope generator, an LFO, the keyboard or some other source.
1093:
when producers acquired cheap second-hand units later in the decade. The authors of
635:
The synthesizer market grew dramatically in the 1980s. 1982 saw the introduction of
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Envelopes control how sounds change over time. They may control parameters such as
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799:, released in 2000, introduced an array of recognizable virtual studio equipment.
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2725:"Robert Moog, Ph.D. '64, inventor of the music synthesizer, dies of brain cancer"
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1742:. Sound designers may prefer shaping the sound with a filter instead of volume.
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133:, software or other instruments, and may be synchronized to other equipment via
3817:"What Is the Time Signature of the Ominous Electronic Score of The Terminator?"
3548:
1912:
A sample of
Eurodance synthesizer riff with use of rapid 1/16 notes arpeggiator
1602:
923:, the likes of Emerson, with his Moog performances, "did for the keyboard what
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4131:"Q. Can you explain the origins of wavetable, S&S and vector synthesis?"
2017:
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Tech, Computer Music
Specials 2008-10-13T15:29:00 286Z (13 October 2008).
1129:" (1980) used distinctive electronic percussion and a synthesized melody.
883:
325:
became more widely available, the early 20th century saw the invention of
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713:, made with FM technology licensed from Yamaha, offered features such as
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4281:"Attack of the clones: Is Behringer's Minimoog a synth replica too far?"
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3575:"Roland launch new versions of the iconic 808, 909 and 303 instruments"
2021:
2020:
manufactures equipment modelled on instruments including the
Minimoog,
2009:
1944:
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1380:
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566:, which folded into a carrying case and had built-in speakers, and the
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SoundLab II: Architectures for
Philosophers. Publisher's number: 13665
3873:"A tribute to the synth: how synthesisers revolutionised modern music"
2040:
modules based on the
Minimoog), the Intellijel Atlantis (based on the
791:
allowed users to run software instruments (including synthesizers) as
428:
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Digital Signatures: The Impact of Digitization on Popular Music Sound
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1628:, being designed to pass some frequency regions (or "bands") through
1578:
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used a Moog to compose a soundtrack for the televised footage of the
1240:
Synthesizers are common in film and television soundtracks. In 1969,
1090:
1078:
1063:
983:
788:
550:, introduced in 1970, was the first synthesizer sold in music stores.
122:
4467:
Modulations: A History of Electronic Music: Throbbing Words on Sound
1188:. Its "E PIANO 1" preset became particularly famous, especially for
542:
198:
and first sold in 1964, is credited for pioneering concepts such as
5750:
3441:"Jean Michel Jarre | Biography, Albums, Streaming Links | AllMusic"
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Analog synthesizers: from the legacy of Moog to software synthesis
1757:
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synthesizer in 1979, has influenced genres such as electronic and
45:
30:
This article is about the musical instrument. For other uses, see
4770:
4514:
To be On, to be OFF, that's the SWITCH. Publisher's number: 13666
4351:
Electronic and experimental music: technology, music, and culture
2986:
Electronic and experimental music: technology, music, and culture
2946:
Electronic and experimental music: technology, music, and culture
795:, triggering a wave of new software instruments. Propellerhead's
651:, was released in 1979, with the ability to record and play back
6177:
5027:
3711:"More synthetic bamboo! The greatest preset sounds in pop music"
2202:
1952:
1177:
1098:
991:
979:
846:
738:
636:
608:
283:
134:
6492:
5754:
5353:
5171:
4774:
4564:
2914:
Refining Sound: A Practical Guide to Synthesis and Synthesizers
5944:
3877:
3025:
Brøvig-Hanssen, Ragnhild; Danielsen, Anne (19 February 2016).
1948:
1919:
Arpeggiators, included in many synthesizer models, take input
1224:
presets were widely used in 1990s house music, beginning with
1097:
connect the synthesizer's origins in 1960s psychedelia to the
815:
making analog synthesizers cheaper and faster to manufacture.
397:
3416:"Meet the unassuming drum machine that changed music forever"
2451:
Analog Days: The Invention and Impact of the Moog Synthesizer
1935:
Synthesizers are often controlled with electronic or digital
1632:
while significantly attenuating ("subtracting") others. The
1487:, a mathematical model of a physical sound source is created.
962:
wrote in their album liner notes that they did not use them.
4487:
SoundLab I: The Electronic Studio. Publisher's number: 13664
2036:. Other synthesizer clones include the MiniMOD (a series of
1879:
1801:
1653:
1503:
1458:, instead of sounds being created by synthesizers, samples (
927:
did for the guitar". String synthesizers were used by 1970s
861:
they were quickly abandoned in "serious classical circles".
142:
6488:
6286:
3161:
3159:
2697:"Clear Some Space on Your Synth Rack: The Minimoog Returns"
1707:
A sawtooth wave with an ADSR envelope applied to its filter
1105:" of the 1980s and the club scenes of the 1990s and 2000s.
1026:
from the late 1970s to the early 1980s. The work of German
686:
In 1983, Yamaha released the first commercially successful
523:
In 1970, Moog launched a cheaper, smaller synthesizer, the
400:
laboratories in Princeton, New Jersey. The instrument read
229:
to allow users to store sounds for the first time. MIDI, a
4215:(January 2000). Archived from the original on 4 April 2016
4000:"Introduction to additive and phase distortion synthesis"
3928:"1981–1990 – The Musicians' Union: A History (1893–2013)"
3899:
From Stage to Studio: Musicians and the Sound Revolution,
206:, filters, and sequencers. In 1970, the smaller, cheaper
2727:. Cornell University News Service. Retrieved 4 May 2007.
1368:
using synthesizers instead of an orchestra, the British
1356:' and out would come the most fantastic violin player".
237:, launched in 1983, was a major success and popularized
3391:"Hip-hop's most influential sampler gets a 2017 reboot"
3094:"The 10 synths and drum machines that defined the '80s"
2769:"ARP Instruments founder Alan R. Pearlman dies aged 93"
2483:"Robert Moog, Creator of Music Synthesizer, Dies at 71"
761:
1990s–present: Software synthesizers and analog revival
272:
scenes but with little perceived commercial potential.
4026:"Learning the basics of FM synthesis and how it works"
3204:
3202:
3020:
3018:
3016:
1728:
With added filter resonance effect, for a "wet" sound.
895:
The Moog was adopted by 1960s rock acts including the
467:. Moog developed a means of controlling pitch through
3275:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3267:
3054:"Blast from the past: New England Digital Synclavier"
2047:
Creating clones of older hardware is legal where the
1971:; motion-sensitive controllers similar to video game
1392:
Synthesizers generate audio through various forms of
506:, Buchla's system used touchplates which transmitted
85:. Synthesizers typically create sounds by generating
408:
containing 750 vacuum tubes. It was acquired by the
101:. These sounds may be altered by components such as
6650:
6624:
6603:
6562:
6526:
6416:
6350:
6274:
6221:
6143:
6085:
6062:
6016:
5958:
5900:
5816:
5788:
5732:
5711:
5676:
5638:
5605:
5577:
5541:
5391:
5292:
5233:
5217:
5140:
5107:
5036:
4928:
4808:
4740:
4717:
4679:
4642:
3973:"All you need to know about subtractive synthesis"
3904:(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996).
2637:"Robert Moog Dies; Created Electronic Synthesizer"
1066:were influential in the development of the genre.
3610:The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll
1014:In the 1970s, electronic music composers such as
4233:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
4209:"Synth Secrets, Part 9: An Introduction to VCAs"
3641:, Maxwell Macmillan International, p. 473,
3330:"Minimoog: The First Truly Portable Synthesizer"
3853:"John Carpenter - Film Director & Composer"
3704:
3702:
3663:"The Greatest Songs Ever! Hungry Like the Wolf"
3130:
3128:
2742:"Ken Freeman and the birth of string synthesis"
3052:April 2019, Computer Music10 (10 April 2019).
2907:
2905:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2792:
2790:
2611:"This is the early history of the synthesizer"
2507:
2505:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2332:
2330:
2328:
849:compositions arranged for Moog synthesizer by
519:1970s: Portability, polyphony and patch memory
494:Around the same period, the American engineer
491:, became standard components in synthesizers.
6504:
5766:
5365:
5183:
4786:
4576:
2476:
2474:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2394:
1133:used a synthesized melody on their 1981 hit "
8:
6800:Electric and electronic keyboard instruments
4274:
4272:
4270:
2233:List of compositions for electronic keyboard
2044:), and the x0x Heart (based on the TB-303).
154:Jon Appleton, "Sashasonjon" (1984) from the
37:"Synth" redirects here. For other uses, see
6393:Professional Lighting and Sound Association
5084:Center for New Music and Audio Technologies
4334:, Edinburgh University Press, p. 120,
4312:. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. 5 July 1997.
3323:
3321:
3319:
3191:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3117:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3077:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2514:"Hey, what's that sound: Moog synthesisers"
2339:"The Electronic Century Part I: Beginnings"
2299:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2287:
1834:An ADSR envelope applied to note amplitude.
475:. This, along with Moog components such as
6511:
6497:
6489:
5983:Comparison of analog and digital recording
5773:
5759:
5751:
5372:
5358:
5350:
5190:
5176:
5168:
4793:
4779:
4771:
4583:
4569:
4561:
2604:
2602:
891:performing with a Moog synthesizer in 1970
410:Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center
257:with the advent of cheaper manufacturing.
255:analog synthesizers returned to popularity
3690:
3573:Beaumont-Thomas, Ben (14 February 2014).
3279:
3237:Stearns, David Patrick (25 August 2005).
2257:
2255:
373:, with keyboard sensitivity allowing for
286:compositions arranged for synthesizer by
125:. Synthesizers are typically played with
3945:Roger T. Dean, ed. (16 September 2009).
2055:lost their lawsuit against Behringer as
1340:, which put live musicians accompanying
970:The Minimoog took a place in mainstream
4105:"The history of sample-based synthesis"
3951:. Oxford University Press. p. 81.
3669:(January/February 2003), archived from
2719:
2717:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2251:
1686:A sawtooth wave with a low pass filter.
1585:. The gain of the VCA is affected by a
1522:Sawtooth wave compared to triangle wave
1419:, a large number of waveforms, usually
1058:, and Japanese electronic acts such as
562:in the UK. ARP's products included the
4516:. The Netherlands, The Hague: Donemus.
4507:. The Netherlands, The Hague: Donemus.
4498:. The Netherlands, The Hague: Donemus.
4489:. The Netherlands, The Hague: Donemus.
4226:
3184:
3110:
3070:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2351:from the original on 14 September 2011
2272:. Vol. 9, no. 2. p. 140
2132:Related instruments & technologies
1841:
1423:, are combined into a composite sound.
1081:drum machines, became a foundation of
611:(1979). In 1978, the American company
603:were created by the American engineer
500:Buchla Modular Electronic Music System
260:Synthesizers were initially viewed as
6454:New Interfaces for Musical Expression
4331:Popular Music Genres: An Introduction
4051:"What is phase distortion synthesis?"
3948:The Oxford Handbook of Computer Music
2735:
2733:
2723:Franklin Crawford (August 23, 2005).
2449:Pinch, Trevor; Trocco, Frank (2004).
1979:, played similarly to the heads of a
1295:used a Prophet synthesizer to record
1260:, including the "voice" of the robot
737:. In 1988, the Japanese manufacturer
439:. Many of Moog's inventions, such as
7:
4079:"The science of wavetable synthesis"
3815:Stevenson, Seth (26 February 2014).
3787:Weiner, Sophie (27 September 2016).
2830:FACT Magazine: Music News, New Music
1192:, and was used by artists including
455:. Designed by the American engineer
4385:, Backbeat Books, pp. 68–342,
3737:"Borne into the 90s [pt.1]"
3168:"A brief history of computer music"
2337:Chadabe, Joel (14 September 2011).
1428:frequency modulation (FM) synthesis
696:frequency modulation (FM) synthesis
353:, a large instrument powered by 72
3328:Weiner, Sophie (20 October 2017).
2858:"The Lost Art Of Sampling: Part 1"
2635:Bernstein, Adam (23 August 2005).
2304:Twells, John (15 September 2016).
2057:copyright law in the United States
1251:Close Encounters of the Third Kind
1145:, used synthesizers including the
1121:" made heavy use of synthesizers.
823:Early synthesizers were viewed as
443:, became standard in synthesizers.
117:, or how notes begin and end; and
25:
6003:Reel-to-reel audio tape recording
5059:Computer Music Center at Columbia
4250:"An introduction to arpeggiators"
4248:Aisher, Bruce (1 February 2013).
3762:"A Beginner's Guide To The Synth"
2084:List of synthesizer manufacturers
361:. In 1948, the Canadian engineer
6472:
4919:
4914:
3709:Simpson, Dave (14 August 2018).
2512:McNamee, David (2 August 2010).
2481:Kozinn, Allan (23 August 2005).
1902:
1842:Problems playing this file? See
1824:
1820:ADSR envelope with sawtooth wave
1718:
1697:
1676:
1601:
1526:
1350:American Federation of Musicians
1073:(1981), in conjunction with the
1050:, African-American acts such as
998:. Sampling, introduced with the
919:to global stardom. According to
392:and Herbert Belar completed the
161:
5988:Experimental musical instrument
4528:Sound Synthesis Theory wikibook
4449:. Germany, Bremen: Wizoobooks.
4430:. Germany, Bremen: Wizoobooks.
412:and used almost exclusively by
371:voltage-controlled synthesizers
5206:electronic musical instruments
4470:. Caipirinha Productions, US.
4157:Price, Simon (December 2005).
3639:The Trouser Press Record Guide
2740:Reid, Gordon (February 2007).
2672:"Red Bull Music Academy Daily"
2370:Stewart, Dave (October 2010).
1714:Filter envelope with resonance
1648:are also sometimes available.
974:, most notably in the work of
441:voltage-controlled oscillators
327:electronic musical instruments
200:voltage-controlled oscillators
99:frequency modulation synthesis
1:
6590:Nintendo Entertainment System
6173:Electronic musical instrument
4533:Principles of Sound Synthesis
4279:Warwick, Oli (8 April 2017).
3607:George-Warren, Holly (2001),
3092:October 2019, Scot Solida28.
2885:"A brief history of sampling"
2856:Howell, Steve (August 2015).
2676:daily.redbullmusicacademy.com
2182:Components & technologies
1636:is most frequently used, but
1573:(VCAs) control the volume or
1571:Voltage-controlled amplifiers
1566:Voltage-controlled amplifiers
1515:Oscillator wave shape example
1440:, is similar to FM synthesis.
473:voltage-controlled oscillator
394:RCA Mark II Sound Synthesizer
355:voltage-controlled amplifiers
156:Four Fantasies for Synclavier
79:electronic musical instrument
55:
27:Electronic musical instrument
6479:Record production portal
6368:Institute of Broadcast Sound
3356:Snowden, Don (23 May 2012).
3135:Vail, Mark (February 2002).
1485:physical modelling synthesis
956:only play one note at a time
502:. Instead of a conventional
182:, which was controlled with
32:Synthesizer (disambiguation)
6388:Musical Electronics Library
4192:. July 1994. Archived from
4024:Crute, Adam (1 July 2019).
3998:Crute, Adam (3 July 2019).
2916:. Oxford University Press.
2262:Shaw, G D (February 1973).
1898:sound sample of arpeggiator
1546:produce waveforms (such as
990:genre by artists including
6816:
6135:Sound reinforcement system
6044:Sound reinforcement system
5156:Mortuos Plango, Vivos Voco
5064:Experimental Music Studios
4445:Schmitz, Reinhard (2005).
4328:Borthwick, Stuart (2004),
3296:"Obituary: Dr Robert Moog"
2912:Shepard, Brian K. (2013).
2609:Lee, Sammy (3 July 2018).
1855:
1751:
1622:Voltage-controlled filters
1614:
1434:Phase distortion synthesis
1305:(1984), and the filmmaker
917:Emerson, Lake & Palmer
764:
89:through methods including
36:
29:
6468:
6358:Audio Engineering Society
6256:Software effect processor
6236:Digital audio workstation
6077:Digital signal processing
5841:Digital audio workstation
4948:Composers Desktop Project
4912:
4599:
3913:Interview with Bob Moog,
2198:Low-frequency oscillation
1863:Low-frequency oscillators
1858:Low-frequency oscillation
1852:Low-frequency oscillators
1617:Voltage-controlled filter
631:1980s: Digital technology
345:. In the late 1930s, the
119:low-frequency oscillators
6449:Professional audio store
6351:People and organizations
6337:Sound recording engineer
4846:Gottfried Michael Koenig
4428:Programming Synthesizers
4409:New Complete Synthesizer
3522:"Snowflakes Are Dancing"
2455:Harvard University Press
2372:"Soniccouture Novachord"
2116:Semi-modular synthesizer
1113:Gary Numan's 1979 hits "
941:Electric Light Orchestra
813:surface-mount technology
771:1997 saw the release of
745:, a digital synthesizer
595:Early synthesizers were
5867:Microphone preamplifier
5691:Piano Technicians Guild
5120:Artificial intelligence
5115:Algorithmic composition
4538:20 January 2016 at the
4464:Shapiro, Peter (2000).
4407:Crombie, David (1986).
3637:Robbins, Ira A (1991),
3511:. Retrieved 2011-06-04.
3239:"Obituary: Robert Moog"
2583:Oxford University Press
2051:have expired. In 1997,
1115:Are 'Friends' Electric?
1038:, British acts such as
857:, and according to the
845:a bestselling album of
601:polyphonic synthesizers
459:, the instrument was a
282:a bestselling album of
253:. In the 21st century,
5808:Electronic and digital
4426:Gorges, Peter (2005).
3794:Red Bull Music Academy
3661:Black, Johnny (2003),
3335:Red Bull Music Academy
3210:"The Analogue Revival"
2982:"Early Computer Music"
2942:"Early Computer Music"
1967:, played similarly to
1955:. Keyboards may offer
1923:and convert them into
1884:
1806:
1763:
1658:
1608:Various filter modes.
1508:
1456:sample-based synthesis
1389:
1083:electronic dance music
1060:Yellow Magic Orchestra
982:, such as the work of
972:African-American music
966:African-American music
892:
827:, valued by the 1960s
809:Dave Smith Instruments
777:Propellerhead Software
683:
551:
535:, designed to emulate
444:
294:, introduced with the
264:, valued by the 1960s
147:
62:
39:Synth (disambiguation)
4709:Karplus–Strong string
4512:Kuit, Roland (2014).
4503:Kuit, Roland (2014).
4494:Kuit, Roland (2014).
4485:Kuit, Roland (2014).
4348:Holmes, Thom (2008),
4207:Reid, Gordon (2000).
3861:. No. July 2016.
3613:, Fireside, pp.
3137:"Korg M1 (Retrozone)"
2980:Holmes, Thom (2008).
2940:Holmes, Thom (2008).
2269:Practical Electronics
1883:
1813:ADSR envelope example
1805:
1761:
1657:
1626:subtractive synthesis
1507:
1438:Casio CZ synthesizers
1406:subtractive synthesis
1386:subtractive synthesis
1383:
1159:Just Can't Get Enough
1153:. Chart hits include
1103:second summer of love
886:
785:software synthesizers
677:
589:Practical Electronics
545:
531:introduced the first
431:
347:Hammond Organ Company
243:Software synthesizers
186:and used hundreds of
146:
105:, which cut or boost
91:subtractive synthesis
49:
6775:Keyboard instruments
6266:Software synthesizer
6231:Digital audio editor
6017:Playback transducers
5877:Multitrack recording
5712:Amplifiers, speakers
5554:Generalized keyboard
5385:keyboard instruments
5261:Instrument amplifier
4760:Software synthesizer
4604:Frequency modulation
4554:11 June 2022 at the
4549:Synthesizer Tutorial
4356:Taylor & Francis
4159:"Granular Synthesis"
2990:Taylor & Francis
2950:Taylor & Francis
2090:Various synthesizers
2079:List of synthesizers
2059:did not cover their
1977:electronic drum pads
1969:woodwind instruments
645:sampling synthesizer
418:Princeton University
212:modular synthesizers
5559:Isomorphic keyboard
5549:Enharmonic keyboard
5439:Electronic keyboard
5094:Oberlin TIMARA Labs
5089:Princeton Sound Lab
4742:Digital synthesizer
4379:Vail, Mark (2000),
2806:. 15 September 2016
2642:The Washington Post
2577:Vail, Mark (2014).
2344:Electronic Musician
2264:"Sound Synthesiser"
2149:Electronic keyboard
2111:Modular synthesizer
1642:band-reject filters
1469:, pioneered by the
1445:wavetable synthesis
1236:Film and television
1186:Kool & the Gang
700:Stanford University
688:digital synthesizer
613:Sequential Circuits
461:modular synthesizer
404:that controlled an
219:Sequential Circuits
54:by R.A. Moog Inc. (
6785:Hip hop production
6317:Re-recording mixer
6120:Keyboard amplifier
5836:Binaural recording
5719:Keyboard amplifier
5639:Piano construction
4876:Jean-Claude Risset
4836:Giuseppe di Giugno
4719:Analog synthesizer
4681:Physical modelling
4544:Salford University
3768:. 29 December 2015
3673:on 13 October 2007
3478:, pp. 133–4,
2488:The New York Times
2154:Musical instrument
2138:3D sound synthesis
2121:String synthesizer
2096:Guitar synthesizer
2014:Native Instruments
1999:; and fingerpads.
1985:microtonal tunings
1973:motion controllers
1961:ribbon controllers
1885:
1807:
1764:
1659:
1509:
1478:granular synthesis
1460:digital recordings
1417:additive synthesis
1390:
1270:A Clockwork Orange
1246:Apollo 11 moonwalk
893:
749:featuring sampled
684:
619:, the first fully
552:
533:string synthesizer
445:
424:1960s: Early years
406:analog synthesizer
402:punched paper tape
367:electronic sackbut
245:now can be run as
148:
95:additive synthesis
63:
6757:
6756:
6486:
6485:
6292:Guitar technician
6188:Music workstation
6072:Digital recording
6049:Speaker enclosure
5968:8-track cartridge
5910:Phonograph record
5748:
5747:
5347:
5346:
5276:Speaker enclosure
5234:52. Amplification
5165:
5164:
5130:Digital synthesis
4821:Richard Boulanger
4768:
4767:
4755:Scanned synthesis
4694:Digital waveguide
4609:Linear arithmetic
4456:978-3-934903-01-2
4437:978-3-934903-48-7
4411:. Omnibus Press.
4365:978-0-415-95781-6
3932:www.muhistory.com
3766:Gizmodo Australia
3485:978-0-240-52072-8
2959:978-0-415-95781-6
2464:978-0-674-01617-0
2193:Envelope detector
2159:Music workstation
1907:
1829:
1762:Schematic of ADSR
1723:
1702:
1681:
1672:Filtered sawtooth
1665:Filtered sawtooth
1646:high-pass filters
1638:band-pass filters
1558:) with different
1531:
1436:, implemented in
1346:session musicians
1167:Don't You Want Me
1141:, keyboardist of
1016:Jean Michel Jarre
698:developed by the
437:Moog synthesizers
369:, a precursor to
239:digital synthesis
166:
129:or controlled by
16:(Redirected from
6807:
6653:electronic music
6554:Video game music
6513:
6506:
6499:
6490:
6477:
6476:
6475:
6363:Goji Electronics
6302:Monitor engineer
6261:Software sampler
6168:Electronic drums
6145:Electronic music
6115:Guitar amplifier
5960:Analog recording
5920:Compact cassette
5882:Music production
5790:Music technology
5782:Music technology
5775:
5768:
5761:
5752:
5374:
5367:
5360:
5351:
5271:Guitar amplifier
5192:
5185:
5178:
5169:
4973:Laptop orchestra
4923:
4918:
4795:
4788:
4781:
4772:
4689:Banded waveguide
4614:Phase distortion
4585:
4578:
4571:
4562:
4517:
4508:
4499:
4490:
4481:
4460:
4447:Analog Synthesis
4441:
4422:
4395:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4354:(3rd ed.),
4344:
4314:
4313:
4304:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4293:
4276:
4265:
4264:
4262:
4260:
4245:
4239:
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4222:
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4204:
4198:
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4182:
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4175:
4173:
4171:
4154:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4143:
4127:
4121:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4101:
4095:
4094:
4092:
4090:
4085:. 26 August 2019
4075:
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3564:
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3539:
3538:
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3378:
3376:
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3344:
3342:
3325:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3304:. 22 August 2005
3292:
3286:
3277:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3234:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3223:
3206:
3197:
3196:
3190:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3163:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3149:
3132:
3123:
3122:
3116:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3076:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3022:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3006:
2988:(3rd ed.).
2977:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2948:(3rd ed.).
2937:
2931:
2930:
2909:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2895:
2881:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2853:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2822:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2794:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2775:. 7 January 2019
2765:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2737:
2728:
2721:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2693:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2606:
2597:
2596:
2574:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2509:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2478:
2469:
2468:
2446:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2367:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2334:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2301:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2259:
2220:Electronic music
2169:Speech synthesis
1991:devices such as
1965:wind controllers
1909:
1908:
1893:
1882:
1831:
1830:
1815:
1804:
1754:Envelope (music)
1725:
1724:
1704:
1703:
1683:
1682:
1667:
1656:
1605:
1533:
1532:
1517:
1506:
1467:vector synthesis
1376:Sound synthesis
1370:Musicians' Union
1228:'s 1990 single "
1163:the Human League
1147:Roland Jupiter-4
1010:Electronic music
931:bands including
929:progressive rock
838:Switched-On Bach
833:counter-cultural
667:in 1981 and the
576:progressive rock
508:control voltages
481:noise generators
453:Moog synthesizer
416:, a composer at
275:Switched-On Bach
204:noise generators
192:Moog synthesizer
168:
167:
145:
113:, which control
60:
57:
21:
6815:
6814:
6810:
6809:
6808:
6806:
6805:
6804:
6760:
6759:
6758:
6753:
6646:
6637:Circuit bending
6620:
6599:
6558:
6522:
6517:
6487:
6482:
6473:
6471:
6464:
6412:
6346:
6312:Record producer
6297:Mixing engineer
6270:
6217:
6183:MIDI controller
6158:Circuit bending
6139:
6081:
6058:
6034:Monitor speaker
6012:
5954:
5902:Recording media
5896:
5887:Music sequencer
5872:Monitor speaker
5818:Sound recording
5812:
5784:
5779:
5749:
5744:
5728:
5707:
5672:
5634:
5601:
5592:Manual keyboard
5573:
5537:
5518:Piano accordion
5387:
5378:
5348:
5343:
5295:(radioelectric)
5294:
5293:53. Oscillation
5288:
5246:Electric guitar
5229:
5213:
5196:
5166:
5161:
5136:
5125:Sound synthesis
5103:
5032:
4983:MIDI controller
4930:
4924:
4910:
4866:Miller Puckette
4804:
4799:
4769:
4764:
4750:Analog modeling
4736:
4727:Graphical sound
4713:
4675:
4638:
4595:
4592:Sound synthesis
4589:
4556:Wayback Machine
4540:Wayback Machine
4524:
4511:
4502:
4493:
4484:
4478:
4463:
4457:
4444:
4438:
4425:
4419:
4406:
4403:
4401:Further reading
4398:
4393:
4378:
4370:
4368:
4366:
4347:
4342:
4327:
4323:
4318:
4317:
4306:
4305:
4301:
4291:
4289:
4278:
4277:
4268:
4258:
4256:
4254:Attack Magazine
4247:
4246:
4242:
4225:
4218:
4216:
4206:
4205:
4201:
4196:on 8 June 2015.
4184:
4183:
4179:
4169:
4167:
4156:
4155:
4151:
4141:
4139:
4129:
4128:
4124:
4114:
4112:
4103:
4102:
4098:
4088:
4086:
4077:
4076:
4072:
4062:
4060:
4059:. 18 March 2015
4049:
4048:
4044:
4034:
4032:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4008:
4006:
3997:
3996:
3992:
3982:
3980:
3971:
3970:
3966:
3959:
3944:
3943:
3939:
3926:
3925:
3921:
3917:Fall 1974, p.2.
3912:
3908:
3897:
3893:
3883:
3881:
3871:
3870:
3866:
3850:
3849:
3845:
3835:
3833:
3814:
3813:
3809:
3799:
3797:
3786:
3785:
3781:
3771:
3769:
3760:
3759:
3755:
3745:
3743:
3735:Saxelby, Ruth.
3734:
3733:
3729:
3719:
3717:
3708:
3707:
3700:
3689:
3685:
3676:
3674:
3660:
3659:
3655:
3649:
3636:
3635:
3631:
3625:
3606:
3605:
3601:
3591:
3589:
3572:
3571:
3567:
3557:
3555:
3547:
3546:
3542:
3532:
3530:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3503:
3499:
3490:
3488:
3486:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3449:
3447:
3439:
3438:
3434:
3424:
3422:
3414:
3413:
3409:
3399:
3397:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3374:
3372:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3340:
3338:
3327:
3326:
3317:
3307:
3305:
3294:
3293:
3289:
3278:
3265:
3255:
3253:
3236:
3235:
3231:
3221:
3219:
3208:
3207:
3200:
3183:
3176:
3174:
3165:
3164:
3157:
3147:
3145:
3134:
3133:
3126:
3109:
3102:
3100:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3069:
3062:
3060:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3039:
3024:
3023:
3014:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2992:. p. 257.
2979:
2978:
2974:
2964:
2962:
2960:
2952:. p. 257.
2939:
2938:
2934:
2924:
2911:
2910:
2903:
2893:
2891:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2868:
2866:
2855:
2854:
2845:
2835:
2833:
2824:
2823:
2819:
2809:
2807:
2796:
2795:
2788:
2778:
2776:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2752:
2750:
2739:
2738:
2731:
2722:
2715:
2705:
2703:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2680:
2678:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2655:
2653:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2619:
2617:
2608:
2607:
2600:
2593:
2579:The Synthesizer
2576:
2575:
2534:
2524:
2522:
2511:
2510:
2503:
2493:
2491:
2480:
2479:
2472:
2465:
2448:
2447:
2392:
2382:
2380:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2354:
2352:
2336:
2335:
2326:
2316:
2314:
2303:
2302:
2285:
2275:
2273:
2261:
2260:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2188:Analytic signal
2126:Wind controller
2069:
2005:
1941:MIDI controller
1933:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1903:
1900:
1894:
1889:
1886:
1880:
1875:
1860:
1854:
1849:
1848:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1835:
1832:
1825:
1822:
1816:
1811:
1808:
1802:
1756:
1750:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1719:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1698:
1695:
1693:Filter envelope
1689:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1677:
1674:
1668:
1663:
1660:
1654:
1634:low-pass filter
1619:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1606:
1595:
1587:control voltage
1568:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1534:
1527:
1524:
1518:
1513:
1510:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1378:
1334:
1325:Stranger Things
1238:
1210:Luther Vandross
1194:Whitney Houston
1169:" and works by
1111:
1085:genres such as
1036:Tangerine Dream
1012:
996:Giorgio Moroder
968:
881:
821:
779:and Reality by
769:
763:
715:16-bit sampling
633:
625:microprocessors
578:acts including
537:string sections
521:
447:The authors of
426:
319:
314:
270:countercultural
249:or embedded on
227:microprocessors
194:, developed by
176:
175:
174:
173:
172:
169:
162:
159:
149:
143:
81:that generates
58:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Sound synthesis
15:
12:
11:
5:
6813:
6811:
6803:
6802:
6797:
6795:Rhythm section
6792:
6790:New wave music
6787:
6782:
6777:
6772:
6762:
6761:
6755:
6754:
6752:
6751:
6746:
6741:
6736:
6731:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6711:
6706:
6701:
6696:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6671:
6669:Ambient techno
6666:
6660:
6658:
6648:
6647:
6645:
6644:
6639:
6634:
6628:
6626:
6622:
6621:
6619:
6618:
6613:
6607:
6605:
6601:
6600:
6598:
6597:
6592:
6587:
6582:
6577:
6572:
6566:
6564:
6560:
6559:
6557:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6530:
6528:
6524:
6523:
6518:
6516:
6515:
6508:
6501:
6493:
6484:
6483:
6469:
6466:
6465:
6463:
6462:
6457:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6420:
6418:
6417:Related topics
6414:
6413:
6411:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6373:Lejaren Hiller
6370:
6365:
6360:
6354:
6352:
6348:
6347:
6345:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6332:Sound operator
6329:
6327:Sound follower
6324:
6322:Sound designer
6319:
6314:
6309:
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6282:Audio engineer
6278:
6276:
6272:
6271:
6269:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6227:
6225:
6219:
6218:
6216:
6215:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6149:
6147:
6141:
6140:
6138:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6100:Bass amplifier
6097:
6095:Mixing console
6091:
6089:
6083:
6082:
6080:
6079:
6074:
6068:
6066:
6060:
6059:
6057:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6020:
6018:
6014:
6013:
6011:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5964:
5962:
5956:
5955:
5953:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5906:
5904:
5898:
5897:
5895:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5838:
5833:
5831:Mixing console
5828:
5822:
5820:
5814:
5813:
5811:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5794:
5792:
5786:
5785:
5780:
5778:
5777:
5770:
5763:
5755:
5746:
5745:
5743:
5742:
5740:Prepared piano
5736:
5734:
5730:
5729:
5727:
5726:
5724:Leslie speaker
5721:
5715:
5713:
5709:
5708:
5706:
5705:
5704:
5703:
5693:
5688:
5682:
5680:
5674:
5673:
5671:
5670:
5669:
5668:
5663:
5653:
5648:
5642:
5640:
5636:
5635:
5633:
5632:
5630:Pedal keyboard
5627:
5622:
5617:
5611:
5609:
5603:
5602:
5600:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5583:
5581:
5575:
5574:
5572:
5571:
5566:
5564:JankĂł keyboard
5561:
5556:
5551:
5545:
5543:
5539:
5538:
5536:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5514:
5513:
5511:Electric piano
5508:
5498:
5493:
5492:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5429:Clavicytherium
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5395:
5393:
5389:
5388:
5379:
5377:
5376:
5369:
5362:
5354:
5345:
5344:
5342:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5325:
5324:
5314:
5312:Ondes Martenot
5309:
5304:
5298:
5296:
5290:
5289:
5287:
5286:
5285:
5284:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5266:Bass amplifier
5258:
5253:
5251:Electric piano
5248:
5243:
5237:
5235:
5231:
5230:
5228:
5227:
5225:Tracker action
5221:
5219:
5215:
5214:
5197:
5195:
5194:
5187:
5180:
5172:
5163:
5162:
5160:
5159:
5152:
5144:
5142:
5138:
5137:
5135:
5134:
5133:
5132:
5122:
5117:
5111:
5109:
5105:
5104:
5102:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5040:
5038:
5034:
5033:
5031:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4934:
4932:
4926:
4925:
4913:
4911:
4909:
4908:
4906:Iannis Xenakis
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4886:Laurie Spiegel
4883:
4878:
4873:
4871:Roger Reynolds
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4812:
4810:
4806:
4805:
4802:Computer music
4800:
4798:
4797:
4790:
4783:
4775:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4746:
4744:
4738:
4737:
4735:
4734:
4729:
4723:
4721:
4715:
4714:
4712:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4699:Direct digital
4696:
4691:
4685:
4683:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4652:
4650:
4640:
4639:
4637:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4590:
4588:
4587:
4580:
4573:
4565:
4559:
4558:
4546:
4530:
4523:
4522:External links
4520:
4519:
4518:
4509:
4500:
4491:
4482:
4476:
4461:
4455:
4442:
4436:
4423:
4417:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4396:
4391:
4376:
4364:
4345:
4340:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4315:
4299:
4266:
4240:
4213:Sound on Sound
4199:
4190:Sound On Sound
4177:
4164:Sound on Sound
4149:
4136:Sound on Sound
4122:
4111:. 26 July 2019
4096:
4070:
4042:
4016:
3990:
3964:
3957:
3937:
3919:
3906:
3891:
3864:
3858:Sound on Sound
3843:
3807:
3779:
3753:
3727:
3698:
3691:Borthwick 2004
3683:
3653:
3647:
3629:
3623:
3599:
3565:
3540:
3513:
3497:
3484:
3457:
3432:
3407:
3382:
3348:
3315:
3287:
3280:Borthwick 2004
3263:
3229:
3215:Sound on Sound
3198:
3155:
3142:Sound on Sound
3124:
3084:
3044:
3037:
3012:
2999:978-0415957816
2998:
2972:
2958:
2932:
2922:
2901:
2876:
2863:Sound on Sound
2843:
2832:. 2 April 2017
2817:
2786:
2760:
2747:Sound on Sound
2729:
2713:
2688:
2663:
2627:
2615:Red Bull Music
2598:
2592:978-0195394894
2591:
2532:
2501:
2470:
2463:
2390:
2377:Sound on Sound
2362:
2324:
2283:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2236:
2228:
2227:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2215:Computer music
2211:
2210:
2206:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2086:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2004:
2001:
1932:
1929:
1911:
1901:
1896:
1895:
1888:
1887:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1856:Main article:
1853:
1850:
1839:
1833:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1810:
1809:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1797:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1752:Main article:
1749:
1746:
1727:
1717:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1696:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1675:
1670:
1669:
1662:
1661:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1615:Main article:
1607:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1567:
1564:
1535:
1525:
1520:
1519:
1512:
1511:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1463:
1452:
1441:
1431:
1424:
1413:
1377:
1374:
1354:Jascha Heifetz
1333:
1330:
1307:John Carpenter
1302:The Terminator
1297:the soundtrack
1276:Apocalypse Now
1237:
1234:
1110:
1107:
1052:George Clinton
1030:bands such as
1011:
1008:
967:
964:
905:Rolling Stones
880:
877:
820:
817:
767:Analog revival
765:Main article:
762:
759:
632:
629:
607:, such as the
558:in the US and
520:
517:
425:
422:
414:Milton Babbitt
365:completed the
339:Ondes Martenot
329:including the
318:
315:
313:
310:
170:
160:
152:
151:
150:
141:
140:
139:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6812:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6783:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
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6765:
6750:
6747:
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6742:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6679:Drum and bass
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6661:
6659:
6657:
6654:
6649:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6629:
6627:
6623:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6611:Blip Festival
6609:
6608:
6606:
6602:
6596:
6593:
6591:
6588:
6586:
6583:
6581:
6578:
6576:
6573:
6571:
6568:
6567:
6565:
6561:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6539:Tracker music
6537:
6535:
6532:
6531:
6529:
6525:
6521:
6514:
6509:
6507:
6502:
6500:
6495:
6494:
6491:
6481:
6480:
6467:
6461:
6460:Vehicle audio
6458:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6429:High fidelity
6427:
6425:
6422:
6421:
6419:
6415:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6355:
6353:
6349:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6279:
6277:
6273:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6228:
6226:
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6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
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6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6150:
6148:
6146:
6142:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6092:
6090:
6088:
6084:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6069:
6067:
6065:
6064:Digital audio
6061:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6021:
6019:
6015:
6009:
6008:Tape recorder
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5978:Cassette deck
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5965:
5963:
5961:
5957:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5915:Magnetic tape
5913:
5911:
5908:
5907:
5905:
5903:
5899:
5893:
5892:Outboard gear
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5826:Audio channel
5824:
5823:
5821:
5819:
5815:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5795:
5793:
5791:
5787:
5783:
5776:
5771:
5769:
5764:
5762:
5757:
5756:
5753:
5741:
5738:
5737:
5735:
5733:Miscellaneous
5731:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5716:
5714:
5710:
5702:
5699:
5698:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5679:
5675:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5658:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5643:
5641:
5637:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5612:
5610:
5608:
5604:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5584:
5582:
5580:
5576:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5546:
5544:
5540:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5506:Digital piano
5504:
5503:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5490:
5489:Theatre organ
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5474:Hammond organ
5472:
5471:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5399:Bowed clavier
5397:
5396:
5394:
5390:
5386:
5382:
5375:
5370:
5368:
5363:
5361:
5356:
5355:
5352:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5323:
5320:
5319:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5291:
5282:
5281:Larsen effect
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5263:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5236:
5232:
5226:
5223:
5222:
5220:
5216:
5211:
5207:
5203:
5202:Electrophones
5200:
5193:
5188:
5186:
5181:
5179:
5174:
5173:
5170:
5158:
5157:
5153:
5151:
5150:
5146:
5145:
5143:
5139:
5131:
5128:
5127:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5112:
5110:
5106:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5041:
5039:
5035:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5018:SuperCollider
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4935:
4933:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4841:Charles Dodge
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4831:John Chowning
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4813:
4811:
4807:
4803:
4796:
4791:
4789:
4784:
4782:
4777:
4776:
4773:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4747:
4745:
4743:
4739:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4722:
4720:
4716:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4682:
4678:
4672:
4671:Concatenative
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4651:
4649:
4645:
4641:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4598:
4593:
4586:
4581:
4579:
4574:
4572:
4567:
4566:
4563:
4557:
4553:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4541:
4537:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4525:
4521:
4515:
4510:
4506:
4501:
4497:
4492:
4488:
4483:
4479:
4477:1-891024-06-X
4473:
4469:
4468:
4462:
4458:
4452:
4448:
4443:
4439:
4433:
4429:
4424:
4420:
4414:
4410:
4405:
4404:
4400:
4394:
4392:0-87930-603-3
4388:
4384:
4383:
4377:
4367:
4361:
4357:
4353:
4352:
4346:
4343:
4341:0-7486-1745-0
4337:
4333:
4332:
4326:
4325:
4320:
4311:
4310:
4303:
4300:
4288:
4287:
4282:
4275:
4273:
4271:
4267:
4255:
4251:
4244:
4241:
4236:
4230:
4214:
4210:
4203:
4200:
4195:
4191:
4187:
4181:
4178:
4166:
4165:
4160:
4153:
4150:
4138:
4137:
4132:
4126:
4123:
4110:
4106:
4100:
4097:
4084:
4080:
4074:
4071:
4058:
4057:
4052:
4046:
4043:
4031:
4027:
4020:
4017:
4005:
4001:
3994:
3991:
3979:. 4 June 2019
3978:
3974:
3968:
3965:
3960:
3958:9780199887132
3954:
3950:
3949:
3941:
3938:
3933:
3929:
3923:
3920:
3916:
3910:
3907:
3903:
3900:
3895:
3892:
3880:
3879:
3874:
3868:
3865:
3860:
3859:
3854:
3851:Paul Tingen.
3847:
3844:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3811:
3808:
3796:
3795:
3790:
3789:"Mort Garson"
3783:
3780:
3767:
3763:
3757:
3754:
3742:
3738:
3731:
3728:
3716:
3712:
3705:
3703:
3699:
3696:
3692:
3687:
3684:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3657:
3654:
3650:
3648:0-02-036361-3
3644:
3640:
3633:
3630:
3626:
3624:0-7432-0120-5
3620:
3616:
3612:
3611:
3603:
3600:
3588:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3569:
3566:
3554:
3550:
3544:
3541:
3529:
3528:
3523:
3517:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3501:
3498:
3487:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3472:
3467:
3461:
3458:
3446:
3442:
3436:
3433:
3421:
3417:
3411:
3408:
3396:
3392:
3386:
3383:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3359:
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3349:
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3331:
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3268:
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3252:
3248:
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3217:
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3211:
3205:
3203:
3199:
3194:
3188:
3173:
3169:
3162:
3160:
3156:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3131:
3129:
3125:
3120:
3114:
3099:
3095:
3088:
3085:
3080:
3074:
3059:
3055:
3048:
3045:
3040:
3038:9780262034142
3034:
3031:. MIT Press.
3030:
3029:
3021:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3001:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2976:
2973:
2961:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2936:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2923:9780199376681
2919:
2915:
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2906:
2902:
2890:
2886:
2880:
2877:
2865:
2864:
2859:
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2848:
2844:
2831:
2827:
2821:
2818:
2805:
2804:
2799:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2774:
2773:FACT Magazine
2770:
2764:
2761:
2749:
2748:
2743:
2736:
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2720:
2718:
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2638:
2631:
2628:
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2599:
2594:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2543:
2541:
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2533:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2490:
2489:
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2413:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2397:
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2391:
2379:
2378:
2373:
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2345:
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2329:
2325:
2313:
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2307:
2300:
2298:
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2284:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2229:
2226:Notable works
2225:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
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2185:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2101:Keyboard bass
2099:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2061:circuit board
2058:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2030:drum machines
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1899:
1892:
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1851:
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1814:
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1760:
1755:
1747:
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1673:
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1486:
1482:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1450:
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1439:
1435:
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1429:
1425:
1422:
1418:
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1411:
1407:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1387:
1382:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1366:Barry Manilow
1362:
1359:The musician
1357:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1338:sound in film
1331:
1329:
1327:
1326:
1321:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1283:
1278:
1277:
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1265:
1263:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1252:
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1243:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1190:power ballads
1187:
1183:
1182:Kenny Loggins
1179:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1101:and British "
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1075:Roland TR-808
1072:
1071:Roland TB-303
1067:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
976:Stevie Wonder
973:
965:
963:
961:
957:
952:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
913:Keith Emerson
910:
906:
902:
901:Grateful Dead
898:
890:
889:Keith Emerson
885:
878:
876:
874:
873:
867:
862:
860:
856:
855:baroque music
852:
848:
844:
840:
839:
834:
830:
826:
818:
816:
814:
810:
806:
800:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
768:
760:
758:
756:
752:
748:
744:
741:released the
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
707:
705:
704:John Chowning
701:
697:
693:
689:
681:
676:
672:
670:
669:Akai S-series
666:
665:E-mu Emulator
662:
661:Peter Gabriel
658:
654:
650:
649:Fairlight CMI
646:
642:
638:
630:
628:
626:
622:
618:
615:released the
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
593:
591:
590:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
549:
544:
540:
538:
534:
530:
526:
518:
516:
514:
509:
505:
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497:
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486:
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478:
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466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
442:
438:
434:
430:
423:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
386:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
363:Hugh Le Caine
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
316:
311:
309:
307:
306:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
276:
271:
267:
263:
258:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
225:, which used
224:
221:released the
220:
215:
213:
209:
205:
202:, envelopes,
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
158:
157:
138:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
83:audio signals
80:
76:
72:
68:
53:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
6780:Bass (sound)
6770:Synthesizers
6595:Commodore 64
6574:
6544:Nintendocore
6470:
6207:
6203:Sound module
6163:Drum machine
6105:Effects unit
5998:Player piano
5925:Compact disc
5847:Effects unit
5569:Short octave
5527:
5449:Harmonichord
5329:Telharmonium
5316:
5283:("feedback")
5154:
5149:Illiac Suite
5147:
5141:Compositions
5124:
4929:Programs and
4901:Barry Vercoe
4881:Curtis Roads
4816:Marc Battier
4644:Sample-based
4591:
4513:
4504:
4495:
4486:
4466:
4446:
4427:
4408:
4381:
4369:, retrieved
4350:
4330:
4308:
4302:
4290:. Retrieved
4284:
4257:. Retrieved
4253:
4243:
4229:cite journal
4217:. Retrieved
4212:
4202:
4194:the original
4189:
4186:"Yamaha VL1"
4180:
4168:. Retrieved
4162:
4152:
4140:. Retrieved
4134:
4125:
4113:. Retrieved
4108:
4099:
4087:. Retrieved
4082:
4073:
4061:. Retrieved
4054:
4045:
4033:. Retrieved
4029:
4019:
4007:. Retrieved
4003:
3993:
3981:. Retrieved
3976:
3967:
3947:
3940:
3931:
3922:
3914:
3909:
3901:
3898:
3894:
3882:. Retrieved
3876:
3867:
3856:
3846:
3834:. Retrieved
3820:
3810:
3798:. Retrieved
3792:
3782:
3770:. Retrieved
3765:
3756:
3746:15 September
3744:. Retrieved
3740:
3730:
3718:. Retrieved
3715:The Guardian
3714:
3686:
3675:, retrieved
3671:the original
3666:
3656:
3638:
3632:
3609:
3602:
3590:. Retrieved
3579:The Guardian
3578:
3568:
3556:. Retrieved
3552:
3543:
3531:. Retrieved
3525:
3516:
3500:
3489:, retrieved
3470:
3466:Mark Jenkins
3460:
3448:. Retrieved
3444:
3435:
3423:. Retrieved
3419:
3410:
3398:. Retrieved
3394:
3385:
3373:. Retrieved
3362:The Guardian
3361:
3351:
3339:. Retrieved
3333:
3306:. Retrieved
3299:
3290:
3254:. Retrieved
3243:The Guardian
3242:
3232:
3220:. Retrieved
3218:. March 2014
3213:
3175:. Retrieved
3171:
3146:. Retrieved
3140:
3103:19 September
3101:. Retrieved
3097:
3087:
3063:19 September
3061:. Retrieved
3057:
3047:
3027:
3003:. Retrieved
2985:
2975:
2963:. Retrieved
2945:
2935:
2927:
2913:
2892:. Retrieved
2888:
2879:
2867:. Retrieved
2861:
2834:. Retrieved
2829:
2820:
2808:. Retrieved
2801:
2777:. Retrieved
2772:
2763:
2753:27 September
2751:. Retrieved
2745:
2704:. Retrieved
2700:
2691:
2679:. Retrieved
2675:
2666:
2654:. Retrieved
2640:
2630:
2618:. Retrieved
2614:
2578:
2523:. Retrieved
2519:The Guardian
2517:
2492:. Retrieved
2486:
2450:
2381:. Retrieved
2375:
2365:
2353:. Retrieved
2342:
2315:. Retrieved
2309:
2274:. Retrieved
2267:
2231:
2209:Music genres
2046:
2032:such as the
2006:
1934:
1918:
1890:
1873:Arpeggiators
1861:
1812:
1792:
1786:
1780:
1774:
1765:
1744:
1737:
1734:
1664:
1630:unattenuated
1620:
1586:
1569:
1542:
1514:
1391:
1358:
1342:silent films
1335:
1323:
1316:
1312:Knight Rider
1310:
1300:
1286:
1280:
1274:
1268:
1266:
1255:
1249:
1239:
1206:Phil Collins
1175:
1155:Depeche Mode
1135:Tainted Love
1112:
1094:
1068:
1013:
969:
953:
945:Gentle Giant
925:Jimi Hendrix
920:
894:
887:Keyboardist
870:
865:
863:
858:
851:Wendy Carlos
842:
836:
822:
801:
783:, the first
781:Seer Systems
770:
708:
685:
641:standardized
634:
621:programmable
605:Tom Oberheim
594:
587:
553:
522:
512:
498:created the
493:
465:patch cables
448:
446:
387:
359:vacuum tubes
331:Telharmonium
320:
303:
288:Wendy Carlos
279:
273:
259:
231:standardized
216:
214:before it.
188:vacuum tubes
177:
155:
115:articulation
74:
73:, or simply
70:
66:
64:
43:
6632:8bitpeoples
6575:Synthesizer
6444:Music store
6439:Home cinema
6398:Robert Moog
6383:Max Mathews
6307:Piano tuner
6275:Professions
6251:Scorewriter
6208:Synthesizer
6024:Loudspeaker
5678:Maintenance
5651:Innovations
5597:Split sharp
5587:Frequencies
5528:Synthesizer
5454:Harpsichord
5392:Instruments
5317:Synthesizer
5241:Bass guitar
5023:TidalCycles
4988:Music Mouse
4931:instruments
4861:GĂ©rard Pape
4856:Max Mathews
4851:Paul Lansky
4624:Subtractive
4292:30 November
4259:16 December
4115:23 November
4089:23 November
4009:23 November
3983:23 November
3558:12 December
3549:"Kraftwerk"
3450:12 December
3341:28 November
2836:6 September
2706:28 November
2681:28 November
2355:12 November
1997:smartphones
1989:touchscreen
1931:Controllers
1891:Trance Lead
1556:pulse waves
1544:Oscillators
1497:Oscillators
1400:synthesis.
1361:Walter Sear
1322:(1990) and
1293:Brad Fiedel
1285:(1980) and
1242:Mort Garson
1218:Celine Dion
1214:Billy Ocean
1143:Duran Duran
1139:Nick Rhodes
1095:Analog Days
1048:David Bowie
1020:Isao Tomita
949:Renaissance
921:Analog Days
866:Analog Days
829:psychedelic
825:avant-garde
747:workstation
719:Roland D-50
694:. Based on
529:Ken Freeman
513:synthesizer
457:Robert Moog
449:Analog Days
433:Robert Moog
390:Harry Olson
323:electricity
266:psychedelic
262:avant-garde
196:Robert Moog
184:punch cards
180:RCA Mark II
107:frequencies
71:synthesiser
67:synthesizer
59: 1970
6764:Categories
6719:Industrial
6570:Sound chip
6563:Technology
6434:Home audio
6424:Audiophile
6241:GarageBand
6087:Live music
6029:Headphones
5993:Phonograph
5862:Microphone
5857:Headphones
5803:Electrical
5798:Mechanical
5615:Expression
5484:Reed organ
5479:Pipe organ
5444:Fortepiano
5424:Clavichord
5339:Trautonium
5218:51. Action
5108:Techniques
4826:David Cope
4634:Distortion
4418:0711907013
4142:20 January
4063:18 October
4056:MusicRadar
4035:6 November
3884:6 November
3836:9 February
3720:19 October
3693:, p.
3592:2 November
3375:13 January
3308:3 December
3282:, p.
3256:13 January
3222:6 November
3177:1 November
3172:MusicRadar
3148:6 November
3098:MusicRadar
3058:MusicRadar
2894:12 October
2889:MusicRadar
2869:12 October
2656:3 December
2620:2 November
2494:3 December
2276:10 January
2241:References
2145:(Musitron)
2143:Clavioline
1957:expression
1844:media help
1583:attenuator
1492:Components
1471:Prophet VS
1421:sine waves
1408:, complex
1319:Twin Peaks
1161:" (1981),
1044:Gary Numan
751:transients
711:Synclavier
692:Yamaha DX7
680:Yamaha DX7
597:monophonic
584:Pink Floyd
496:Don Buchla
489:sequencers
349:built the
335:Trautonium
317:Precursors
251:microchips
235:Yamaha DX7
131:sequencers
6749:UK garage
6699:Eurodance
6674:Breakbeat
6198:Sequencer
6125:PA system
6054:Subwoofer
6039:PA system
5973:Amplifier
5935:Hard disk
5852:Equalizer
5646:Acoustics
5434:Claviharp
5044:Bell Labs
5008:Riffusion
5003:Radiodrum
4993:Pure Data
4656:Wavetable
4309:Billboard
4109:MusicTech
4083:MusicTech
4030:MusicTech
4004:MusicTech
3977:MusicTech
3902:1890–1950
3831:1091-2339
3800:2 January
3741:Dummy Mag
3587:0261-3077
3527:Billboard
3370:0261-3077
3251:0261-3077
2651:0190-8286
2525:8 January
2246:Citations
2063:designs.
2018:Behringer
1937:keyboards
1925:arpeggios
1768:amplitude
1748:Envelopes
1410:waveforms
1288:Manhunter
1257:Star Wars
1151:Jupiter-8
1131:Soft Cell
1127:Enola Gay
1040:John Foxx
1032:Kraftwerk
1028:krautrock
1024:synth-pop
1000:Fairlight
978:, and in
702:engineer
671:in 1985.
657:Kate Bush
617:Prophet-5
580:Brian Eno
477:envelopes
388:In 1957,
385:control.
379:glissando
351:Novachord
296:Fairlight
223:Prophet-5
217:In 1978,
127:keyboards
111:envelopes
87:waveforms
6744:Trip hop
6729:Synthpop
6704:Hardcore
6694:Eurobeat
6585:Game Boy
6520:Chiptune
6246:ProTools
6223:Software
6213:Theremin
6153:Chiptune
6110:Foldback
5940:MiniDisc
5533:Virginal
5464:Melodica
5409:Carillon
5404:Calliope
5334:Theremin
5013:Sonic Pi
4661:Granular
4629:Additive
4552:Archived
4536:Archived
3772:28 April
3677:16 April
3509:AllMusic
3476:Elsevier
3468:(2007),
3445:AllMusic
3395:Engadget
3301:BBC News
3187:cite web
3113:cite web
3073:cite web
2779:12 April
2349:Archived
2174:Vocaloid
2067:See also
2038:Eurorack
1981:drum kit
1548:sawtooth
1328:(2016).
1291:(1986).
1279:(1979),
1273:(1971),
1171:Ultravox
859:Guardian
793:plug-ins
725:such as
572:art rock
564:ARP 2600
548:Minimoog
525:Minimoog
504:keyboard
357:and 146
343:theremin
292:Sampling
247:plug-ins
208:Minimoog
77:) is an
52:Minimoog
6689:Electro
6684:Dubstep
6664:Ambient
6625:Related
6616:MAGFest
6580:Tracker
6342:Tape op
6193:Sampler
5661:Aliquot
5625:Sustain
5542:Layouts
5496:Orphica
5414:Celesta
5381:Musical
5322:Modular
4998:MUSIC-N
4978:Max/MSP
4896:Trimpin
4891:The Hub
4732:Modular
4704:Formant
4648:Sampler
4619:Scanned
4321:Sources
3667:Blender
3615:707–734
3553:Discogs
3400:3 April
2810:4 March
2383:19 June
2317:4 March
2164:Sampler
2049:patents
2022:Pro-One
2010:Arturia
1993:tablets
1945:CV/gate
1867:vibrato
1793:Release
1787:Sustain
1593:Filters
1560:timbres
1398:digital
1282:The Fog
1226:Madonna
1222:Korg M1
1198:Chicago
1117:" and "
1006:music.
1004:hip hop
937:Caravan
909:Beatles
805:Arturia
773:ReBirth
723:effects
653:samples
568:Odyssey
485:filters
469:voltage
396:at the
375:vibrato
312:History
300:hip hop
103:filters
6739:Trance
6734:Techno
6709:Hi-NRG
6656:genres
6651:Other
6642:Glitch
6604:Events
6549:Skweee
6534:Bitpop
6527:Genres
6456:(NIME)
6130:Reverb
5701:Wrench
5696:Tuning
5686:Action
5656:Wiring
5607:Pedals
5523:Spinet
5459:Keytar
5302:Buchla
5256:Pickup
5054:CEMAMu
5037:Places
4953:Csound
4809:People
4666:Vector
4474:
4453:
4434:
4415:
4389:
4371:4 June
4362:
4338:
4219:25 May
4170:28 May
3955:
3829:
3645:
3621:
3585:
3533:28 May
3505:Tomita
3491:27 May
3482:
3425:11 May
3368:
3249:
3035:
3005:4 June
2996:
2965:4 June
2956:
2920:
2649:
2589:
2461:
2106:Keytar
2053:Mackie
2042:SH-101
2034:TR-808
2028:, and
2026:TB-303
2024:, and
2003:Clones
1921:chords
1775:Attack
1579:preamp
1449:timbre
1394:analog
1315:(1982)
1216:, and
1202:Prince
1091:techno
1079:TR-909
1064:Kitaro
984:Sun Ra
911:, and
907:, the
903:, the
899:, the
841:(1968)
819:Impact
797:Reason
789:Cubase
735:chorus
731:reverb
690:, the
647:, the
487:, and
471:, the
383:attack
381:, and
341:, and
278:(1968)
190:. The
123:timbre
69:(also
50:Early
6724:J-pop
6714:House
6408:STEIM
6403:SMPTE
6378:IRCAM
5843:(DAW)
5666:Cross
5501:Piano
5469:Organ
5419:Chime
5079:IRCAM
5049:CCRMA
4958:FAUST
4938:ChucK
4594:types
3915:Plug,
3822:Slate
2701:WIRED
2073:Lists
1951:, or
1781:Decay
1554:, or
1262:R2-D2
1230:Vogue
1099:raves
1087:house
988:disco
960:Queen
933:Camel
897:Doors
755:loops
727:delay
435:with
75:synth
6178:MIDI
5950:Opus
5620:Soft
5579:Keys
5383:and
5307:Moog
5210:list
5074:ICMA
5069:ICEM
5028:UPIC
4968:Kyma
4963:HMSL
4943:Cmix
4472:ISBN
4451:ISBN
4432:ISBN
4413:ISBN
4387:ISBN
4373:2011
4360:ISBN
4336:ISBN
4294:2018
4286:Fact
4261:2021
4235:link
4221:2010
4172:2021
4144:2021
4117:2020
4091:2020
4065:2023
4037:2019
4011:2020
3985:2020
3953:ISBN
3886:2019
3838:2023
3827:ISSN
3802:2024
3774:2019
3748:2011
3722:2018
3679:2008
3643:ISBN
3619:ISBN
3594:2019
3583:ISSN
3560:2017
3535:2011
3493:2011
3480:ISBN
3452:2017
3427:2018
3402:2018
3377:2020
3366:ISSN
3343:2018
3310:2018
3258:2020
3247:ISSN
3224:2019
3193:link
3179:2019
3150:2019
3119:link
3105:2020
3079:link
3065:2020
3033:ISBN
3007:2011
2994:ISBN
2967:2011
2954:ISBN
2918:ISBN
2896:2018
2871:2018
2838:2018
2812:2024
2803:Fact
2781:2020
2755:2016
2708:2018
2683:2018
2658:2018
2647:ISSN
2622:2019
2587:ISBN
2527:2020
2496:2018
2459:ISBN
2385:2021
2357:2019
2319:2024
2311:Fact
2278:2020
2203:MIDI
2012:and
1995:and
1953:MIDI
1739:stab
1644:and
1575:gain
1552:sine
1396:and
1332:Jobs
1299:for
1254:and
1178:A-ha
1165:'s "
1157:'s "
1149:and
1125:'s "
1119:Cars
1089:and
1077:and
1069:The
1062:and
1056:Zapp
1054:and
1046:and
1034:and
1018:and
994:and
992:Abba
980:jazz
947:and
879:Rock
872:Fact
847:Bach
831:and
807:and
753:and
739:Korg
733:and
678:The
659:and
639:, a
637:MIDI
609:OB-X
582:and
574:and
546:The
305:Fact
284:Bach
268:and
135:MIDI
97:and
5945:MP3
5930:DAT
5208:) (
5099:IEM
4646:or
4542:at
3878:BBC
3695:130
3507:at
3420:Vox
3284:120
1949:USB
1939:or
1869:).
1483:In
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