31:
1485:
1468:
1480:
1460:
585:
560:
625:
was announced on 23 August 2010 to the
Romanian authorities and representatives of the Russian Federation in Romania. Damage to the submarine was consistent with her having struck a mine. The explosion had destroyed her registration markings, so it had taken until 2010 to identify her.
422:. Many passengers were trapped below decks and drowned. Many others aboard survived the sinking and clung to pieces of wreckage, but for hours no rescue came and all but one of them died from drowning or hypothermia. The only survivor was a 19-year-old refugee called
463:... The ship was successfully torpedoed from a distance of and sunk... Junior officers... Unit Commander and non-commissioned officers... and the Red Fleet sailor who fired the torpedo... have shown courage. (Soviet Military Archives)
1517:
1547:
944:
1552:
476:
fired a torpedo at an unidentified merchant vessel northeast of the
Bosphorus but missed. The next day the submarine fired a torpedo at the Turkish sailing vessel
1527:
1522:
1512:
1557:
407:’s engine had failed when leaving Romania and again when approaching Turkey, and despite attempted repairs in Istanbul it was still inoperable.
937:
617:
On 15 November 2008 the submarine was discovered 12 miles (19 km) off the coast from
Constanța by divers (2 Romanian and 1 Dutch) from
1479:
1475:
1488:
1484:
1113:
414:
back out into the Black Sea and cast her adrift about 10 miles (16 km) off the
Turkish coast. Early on the morning of 24 February
302:
1107:
959:
293:
55:
399:
for 10 weeks because hardly any of them had obtained visas to enter
Palestine, and the British authorities insisted that under their
1532:
1507:
822:
1078:
930:
1212:
1151:
1014:
1390:
1167:
1542:
183:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
618:
1084:
862:
1091:
1056:
793:
Die
Versenkung der Judischen Flüchtlingstransporter Struma und Mefkura im Schwartzen Meer Feb. 1942 – Aug. 1944
1264:
1129:
282:
126:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1337:
1280:
1248:
1222:
1196:
1180:
1119:
1046:
1024:
998:
992:
982:
914:[The Wreck of Shch-213 in the Black Sea] (in Italian). Betasom, XIe Gruppo Sommergibili Atlantici.
349:
1320:
1297:
1270:
1173:
1290:
1238:
459:
The Shch-213 submarine... encountered on the morning of 24 February 1942 an unprotected enemy vessel
922:
1537:
1313:
1100:
1040:
1030:
400:
388:
1307:
763:
341:
1330:
1232:
1206:
1068:
969:
818:
838:
Zvielli, Alexander (18 August 2000). "Soviet fire, cold hearts claimed 'Struma' passengers".
1396:
1190:
1135:
788:
434:
217:
6,000 nautical miles (11,000 km; 6,900 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph)
1440:
1429:
1004:
811:
Death on the Black Sea: The Untold Story of the Struma and World War II's
Holocaust at Sea
375:
306:
911:
1418:
840:
806:
668:
1501:
814:
423:
866:
509:
489:
345:
244:
888:
732:
387:
in
December 1941 carrying an estimated 781 Jewish refugees in an attempt to reach
384:
1255:
977:
279:
1379:
1145:
191:
1347:
1062:
360:
288:
132:
696:
396:
353:
340:
neutral and enemy shipping entering the Black Sea, to reduce the flow of
317:
298:
187:
111:
59:
418:, commanded by DM Denezhko, fired a single torpedo which quickly sank
706:
584:
559:
484:
426:, who was rescued the next day by the crew of a Turkish rowing boat.
795:(in German). Frankfurt am Main: Bernard Graefe Verlag für Wehrwesen.
768:
Personal
Tragedies as a Reflection on a Great Tragedy Called Struma
926:
865:[Divers discover WW II Russian submarine] (in Dutch).
520:
struck a mine, whose detonation sank her with all hands lost.
480:
east-north-east of the
Bosphorus but again missed her target.
204:
12.5 knots (23.2 km/h; 14.4 mph) on the surface;
305:, and entered service in October 1938 with the Soviet
1409:
958:
912:"Il Relitto Del Sch 213 Identificato Nel Mar Nero"
207:6.3 knots (11.7 km/h; 7.2 mph) submerged
953:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in October 1942
429:Initially it was believed a stray mine had sunk
348:. On 23 February 1942 she had sunk the 464
255:2 × 45 mm (1.8 in) semi-automatic guns
457:
194:) diesel, 600 kilowatts (800 bhp) electric
863:"Duikers ontdekken Russische onderzeeër WO II"
403:they would not permit the remainder to do so.
938:
757:
755:
753:
8:
1518:World War II submarines of the Soviet Union
945:
931:
923:
512:. For many years it was believed that the
401:policy for Jewish immigration to Palestine
1548:World War II shipwrecks in the Black Sea
691:
689:
662:
660:
658:
522:
516:was sunk in this confrontation. In fact
433:, but in the 1960s the German historian
410:On 23 February 1942 a Turkish tug towed
294:Sudostroytelnyi zavod imeny 61 kommunara
56:Sudostroytelnyi zavod imeny 61 kommunara
726:
724:
656:
654:
652:
650:
648:
646:
644:
642:
640:
638:
634:
598:
1553:Warships lost in combat with all hands
15:
857:
855:
853:
851:
487:, Romania, a torpedo narrowly missed
483:On 14 October 1942, off the coast of
27:
7:
391:. Turkish authorities had detained
158:57.00 m (187 ft 0 in)
1528:Lost submarines of the Soviet Union
1523:Maritime incidents in October 1942
174:3.78 m (12 ft 5 in)
166:6.20 m (20 ft 4 in)
14:
910:de Domenico (14 September 2010).
1483:
1478:
1466:
1458:
583:
558:
29:
1513:Ships built in the Soviet Union
291:, Type X. She was built at the
1558:Submarines lost with all hands
383:had left the Romanian port of
1:
809:; Collins, Catherine (2003).
444:Soviet authorities commended
504:may have been the attacker.
1574:
621:and the identification of
594:evacuation ship (torpedo)
373:
336:had secret orders to sink
1453:
703:Советские Подводные Лодки
569:sailing vessel (gunfire)
320:and sank with all hands.
117:
22:
18:
1533:1942 in the Soviet Union
1508:Shchuka-class submarines
697:
359:west-north-west of the
249:2 × stern torpedo tubes
225:91 m (300 ft)
118:General characteristics
709:: Narod. 23 April 2008
465:
395:and her passengers in
762:Rubinshtein, Shimon.
731:Helgason, Guðmundur.
667:Helgason, Guðmundur.
496:("Submarine chaser")
1266:City of Johannesburg
733:"ShCh (Scuka) class"
619:Aquarius dive center
508:responded by firing
1543:Ships sunk by mines
869:. 13 September 2010
528:
451:s crew for sinking
389:Mandatory Palestine
342:strategic materials
266:(transliterated as
1322:President Coolidge
523:
148:704 tons submerged
1495:
1494:
610:
609:
574:24 February 1942
549:23 February 1942
437:established that
312:In October 1942,
261:
260:
145:577 tons surfaced
1565:
1487:
1482:
1470:
1462:
1446:
1435:
1424:
1402:
1385:
1374:
1352:
1342:
1325:
1302:
1285:
1275:
1259:
1243:
1227:
1217:
1201:
1185:
1162:
1140:
1124:
1095:
1073:
1051:
1042:Pennington Court
1035:
1032:John Carter Rose
1019:
1009:
987:
947:
940:
933:
924:
916:
915:
907:
901:
900:
898:
896:
885:
879:
878:
876:
874:
859:
846:
845:
835:
829:
828:
803:
797:
796:
785:
779:
778:
776:
774:
759:
748:
747:
745:
743:
728:
719:
718:
716:
714:
693:
684:
683:
681:
679:
664:
588:
587:
563:
562:
529:
472:On 2 March 1942
450:
37:
34:
33:
32:
16:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1562:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1474:
1449:
1438:
1427:
1416:
1410:Other incidents
1405:
1388:
1377:
1355:
1345:
1328:
1309:Anne Hutchinson
1305:
1288:
1278:
1262:
1246:
1230:
1220:
1204:
1188:
1165:
1143:
1127:
1098:
1076:
1054:
1038:
1022:
1012:
990:
967:
954:
951:
919:
909:
908:
904:
894:
892:
887:
886:
882:
872:
870:
861:
860:
849:
837:
836:
832:
825:
807:Frantz, Douglas
805:
804:
800:
787:
786:
782:
772:
770:
764:"David Stoliar"
761:
760:
751:
741:
739:
730:
729:
722:
712:
710:
699:
695:
694:
687:
677:
675:
669:"USSR Shch-213"
666:
665:
636:
632:
615:
582:
557:
470:
448:
378:
376:Struma disaster
372:
331:
326:
324:Service history
307:Black Sea fleet
184:diesel electric
102:14 October 1942
94:31 October 1938
78:4 December 1934
35:
30:
28:
12:
11:
5:
1571:
1569:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1500:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1476:September 1942
1454:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1436:
1425:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1389:Unknown date:
1386:
1375:
1353:
1343:
1326:
1303:
1286:
1276:
1260:
1244:
1228:
1218:
1208:Empire Chaucer
1202:
1186:
1163:
1141:
1125:
1096:
1074:
1052:
1036:
1020:
1010:
988:
964:
962:
956:
955:
952:
950:
949:
942:
935:
927:
918:
917:
902:
880:
847:
841:Jerusalem Post
830:
823:
798:
789:Rohwer, Jürgen
780:
749:
720:
705:(in Russian).
685:
633:
631:
628:
614:
611:
608:
607:
605:
602:
596:
595:
592:
589:
580:
575:
571:
570:
567:
564:
555:
550:
546:
545:
542:
539:
536:
533:
524:Ships sunk by
469:
468:Further action
466:
374:Main article:
371:
365:
363:with gunfire.
330:
327:
325:
322:
259:
258:
257:
256:
253:
252:(10 torpedoes)
250:
247:
239:
235:
234:
231:
227:
226:
223:
219:
218:
215:
211:
210:
209:
208:
205:
200:
196:
195:
180:
176:
175:
172:
168:
167:
164:
160:
159:
156:
152:
151:
150:
149:
146:
141:
137:
136:
124:
123:Class and type
120:
119:
115:
114:
108:
104:
103:
100:
99:Out of service
96:
95:
92:
88:
87:
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
71:
68:
64:
63:
53:
49:
48:
43:
39:
38:
25:
24:
20:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1570:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1490:
1489:November 1942
1486:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1445:
1444:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1401:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1366:
1361:
1360:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1334:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1295:
1294:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1267:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1251:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1236:
1235:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1209:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1192:Primrose Hill
1187:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1148:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1132:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1104:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1059:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1043:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1027:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1002:
1001:
996:
995:
989:
986:
985:
980:
979:
974:
973:
966:
965:
963:
961:
957:
948:
943:
941:
936:
934:
929:
928:
925:
921:
913:
906:
903:
890:
884:
881:
868:
864:
858:
856:
854:
852:
848:
843:
842:
834:
831:
826:
824:0-06-621262-6
820:
816:
815:HarperCollins
812:
808:
802:
799:
794:
790:
784:
781:
769:
765:
758:
756:
754:
750:
738:
734:
727:
725:
721:
708:
704:
700:
692:
690:
686:
674:
670:
663:
661:
659:
657:
655:
653:
651:
649:
647:
645:
643:
641:
639:
635:
629:
627:
624:
620:
612:
606:
603:
601:
597:
593:
591:169 GRT
590:
586:
581:
579:
576:
573:
572:
568:
566:464 GRT
565:
561:
556:
554:
551:
548:
547:
543:
540:
537:
534:
531:
530:
527:
521:
519:
515:
511:
510:depth charges
507:
503:
499:
495:
492:
491:
486:
481:
479:
475:
467:
464:
462:
456:
454:
447:
442:
441:had done so.
440:
436:
435:Jürgen Rohwer
432:
427:
425:
424:David Stoliar
421:
417:
413:
408:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
377:
369:
366:
364:
362:
358:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
329:Secret orders
328:
323:
321:
319:
315:
310:
308:
304:
303:Ukrainian SSR
300:
296:
295:
290:
287:
285:
281:
277:
276:
272:or sometimes
271:
270:
265:
254:
251:
248:
246:
245:torpedo tubes
242:
241:
240:
237:
236:
232:
229:
228:
224:
221:
220:
216:
213:
212:
206:
203:
202:
201:
198:
197:
193:
189:
186:, 1,020
185:
181:
178:
177:
173:
170:
169:
165:
162:
161:
157:
154:
153:
147:
144:
143:
142:
139:
138:
134:
131:
129:
125:
122:
121:
116:
113:
109:
106:
105:
101:
98:
97:
93:
90:
89:
86:13 April 1937
85:
82:
81:
77:
74:
73:
69:
66:
65:
61:
57:
54:
51:
50:
47:
44:
41:
40:
26:
21:
17:
1442:
1431:
1420:
1398:
1391:
1381:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1348:
1338:
1332:
1321:
1315:
1308:
1298:
1292:
1281:
1271:
1265:
1254:
1249:
1239:
1233:
1223:
1213:
1207:
1197:
1191:
1181:
1175:
1168:
1158:
1157:
1152:
1146:
1136:
1130:
1120:
1114:
1108:
1102:
1090:
1085:
1079:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1047:
1041:
1031:
1025:
1015:
1006:Larry Doheny
1005:
999:
993:
983:
976:
971:
920:
905:
893:. Retrieved
883:
871:. Retrieved
867:NOS Journaal
839:
833:
810:
801:
792:
783:
771:. Retrieved
767:
740:. Retrieved
736:
711:. Retrieved
702:
676:. Retrieved
672:
622:
616:
604:633 GRT
599:
577:
552:
525:
517:
513:
505:
501:
497:
493:
490:Kriegsmarine
488:
482:
477:
473:
471:
460:
458:
452:
445:
443:
438:
430:
428:
419:
415:
411:
409:
404:
392:
380:
379:
367:
356:
346:Nazi Germany
337:
333:
332:
313:
311:
292:
283:
274:
273:
268:
267:
263:
262:
190:(1,370
140:Displacement
127:
91:Commissioned
45:
36:Soviet Union
1272:Empire Star
1256:Winnipeg II
978:Lisbon Maru
891:. uboat.net
280:Soviet Navy
67:Yard number
1538:1937 ships
1502:Categories
1421:Queen Mary
960:Shipwrecks
889:"ShCh-213"
813:. London:
630:References
230:Complement
222:Test depth
179:Propulsion
1441:HMS
1430:HMS
1419:RMS
1397:HMS
1380:USS
1331:USS
1314:USS
1291:USS
1174:USS
1115:Natsugumo
1101:USS
1058:Komintern
970:HMS
385:Constanța
361:Bosphorus
316:struck a
289:submarine
133:submarine
75:Laid down
1439:23 Oct:
1428:12 Oct:
1378:31 Oct:
1356:30 Oct:
1346:29 Oct:
1329:27 Oct:
1306:26 Oct:
1293:Seminole
1289:25 Oct:
1279:24 Oct:
1263:23 Oct:
1247:22 Oct:
1231:21 Oct:
1221:20 Oct:
1205:17 Oct:
1189:16 Oct:
1176:Meredith
1166:15 Oct:
1159:Shch-213
1144:14 Oct:
1128:13 Oct:
1109:Murakumo
1099:12 Oct:
1086:Furutaka
1077:11 Oct:
1055:10 Oct:
873:26 March
791:(1964).
773:25 March
742:27 March
713:27 March
678:25 March
541:Tonnage
526:Shch-213
518:Shch-213
514:Shch-213
502:Shch-213
474:Shch-213
446:Shch-213
416:Shch-213
397:Istanbul
370:disaster
354:schooner
352:Turkish
334:Shch-213
318:sea mine
314:Shch-213
299:Mykolaiv
278:) was a
269:Shch-213
243:4 × bow
238:Armament
182:2 shaft
135:, Type X
112:sea mine
110:sunk by
83:Launched
60:Mykolaiv
46:Shch-213
1417:2 Oct:
1234:Palatia
1147:Caribou
1070:Orcades
1039:9 Oct:
1023:8 Oct:
1013:6 Oct:
991:5 Oct:
972:Curacoa
968:2 Oct:
895:14 July
553:Cankaya
494:U-Jäger
357:Çankaya
284:Shchuka
171:Draught
128:Shchuka
52:Builder
23:History
1443:Phoebe
1399:Unique
1382:YP-345
1349:Abosso
1333:Hornet
1316:Porter
1169:Drazki
1137:Loreto
1103:Duncan
1080:Fubuki
1067:, HMT
1064:Camden
821:
623:SC-213
600:Total:
578:Struma
544:Notes
506:UJ-116
498:UJ-116
485:Tulcea
461:Struma
453:Struma
439:SC-213
431:Struma
420:Struma
412:Struma
405:Struma
393:Struma
381:Struma
368:Struma
286:-class
275:SC-213
155:Length
130:-class
62:, USSR
1432:Loyal
1392:U-116
1371:U-658
1365:U-559
1359:U-520
1339:U-627
1282:U-599
1250:U-412
1224:U-216
1214:Oboro
1198:U-353
1182:U-661
1153:Komet
1121:U-597
1048:U-171
1026:U-179
1000:U-619
994:U-582
984:U-512
737:Uboat
698:Щ-213
673:Uboat
613:Wreck
538:Flag
535:Ship
532:Date
478:Adana
449:'
264:Щ-213
214:Range
199:Speed
1472:1943
1464:1942
1456:1941
1299:Yura
1131:I-30
1092:L-16
1016:I-22
897:2015
875:2013
819:ISBN
775:2013
744:2013
715:2013
680:2013
163:Beam
107:Fate
70:1037
42:Name
1240:S-7
350:GRT
344:to
338:all
297:in
192:bhp
1504::
1395:,
1368:,
1362:,
1336:,
1319:,
1312:,
1296:,
1269:,
1253:,
1237:,
1211:,
1195:,
1179:,
1172:,
1156:,
1150:,
1134:,
1118:,
1112:,
1106:,
1089:,
1083:,
1061:,
1045:,
1029:,
1003:,
997:,
981:,
975:,
850:^
817:.
766:.
752:^
735:.
723:^
707:RU
701:.
688:^
671:.
637:^
500:.
455::
309:.
301:,
233:38
188:kW
58:,
946:e
939:t
932:v
899:.
877:.
844:.
827:.
777:.
746:.
717:.
682:.
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