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activated on 16 January 1975. The crew later discovered that the main mirror of the telescope had been ruined by direct exposure to sunlight when the pointing system failed. They resurfaced the mirror on 3 February 1975 and worked out a way of pointing the telescope using a stethoscope, stopwatch,
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as its first crew, was launched 16 days later on 10 January 1975. Gubarev manually docked Soyuz 17 to the station on 12 January 1975, and upon entering the new station he and
Grechko found a note from its builders which said, "Wipe your feet"!
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On 14 January 1975, a ventilation hose was set up from Salyut 4 to keep the Soyuz ventilated while its systems were shut down. On 19 January 1975, it was announced that
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hour exercise period. One of their activities included testing communication equipment for tracking ships and contacting mission control via a
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was used for communications from the ground crew, freeing the Salyut crew from constant interruptions during their work.
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said this was to ensure propellant consumption would be half of what was needed for lower-altitude
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in a snowstorm with winds of 72 km/h and wore gravity suits to ease the effects of re-adaptation.
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set a Soviet mission-duration record of 29 days, surpassing the 23-day record set by the ill-fated
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Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in
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This article is about a 1975 spaceflight. For the mission identified by NASA as ISS Soyuz 17, see
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sensors were being used to orient the station, a system described as being more efficient. A new
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The cosmonauts began powering down the station on 7 February 1975 and they returned to
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Salyut 4 was in an unusually high circular orbit of 350 km (220 mi) when
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in the Soyuz capsule two days later, on 9 February 1975. They safely landed near
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3332:. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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The crew worked between 15 and 20 hours a day, including their 2
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956:. New York: Orion Books, a division of Crown Publishers, Inc.
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was a major component of the mission, with the station's
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and the noises the moving mirror made in its casing.
467:) was the first of two long-duration missions to the
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711:was launched 26 December 1974, and Soyuz 17, with
3328:. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in
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8:
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918:. Houston, Texas: Gulf Publishing Company.
843:. Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from
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1097:
1026:List of Russian human spaceflight missions
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788:in Antarctica is named after the mission.
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1021:List of Soviet human spaceflight missions
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730:docked with the station. Salyut designer
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2419:The † sign designates failed missions.
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96:29 days 13 hours 19 minutes 45 seconds
916:Almanac of Soviet Manned Space Flight
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570:
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7:
3404:Spacecraft launched by Soyuz rockets
2417:; exceptions are noted "(uncrewed)".
2409:Uncrewed missions are designated as
16:Crewed flight of the Soyuz programme
3399:Spacecraft which reentered in 1975
478:in 1975. The flight by cosmonauts
14:
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870:"Trajectory: Soyuz 17 1975-001A"
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952:The Soviet Manned Space Program
2423:designates cancelled missions.
675:6,570 kg (14,480 lb)
82:
1:
1074:Cosmonaut ranks and positions
809:"Display: Soyuz 17 1975-001A"
687:354.0 km (220.0 mi)
681:293.0 km (182.1 mi)
284:9 February 1975, 11:03:22 UTC
3394:Spacecraft launched in 1975
292:110 km at the northeast of
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236:10 January 1975, 21:43:37
18:
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3389:1975 in the Soviet Union
914:Newkirk, Dennis (1990).
3277:Ji Shu Shiyan Weixing 2
2971:Ji Shu Shiyan Weixing 1
948:Clark, Phillip (1988).
1016:List of Soyuz missions
3384:Crewed Soyuz missions
1042:Soyuz (rocket family)
732:Konstantin Feoktistov
427:Vimpel Diamond patch
317:Reference system
117:Spacecraft properties
3218:Fanhui Shi Weixing 2
2469:Orbital launches in
1217:Zond lunar programme
1094:(by spacecraft type)
53:Soviet space program
1052:Baikonur Cosmodrome
872:. NASA. 14 May 2020
811:. NASA. 14 May 2020
617:
562:
503:
30:
2324:(uncrewed landing)
1531:(uncrewed landing)
1047:Soyuz (spacecraft)
704:Mission highlights
667:Mission parameters
659:Vitaly Sevastyanov
616:
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550:First spaceflight
531:First spaceflight
502:
312:Orbital parameters
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2333:(uncrewed launch)
1546:(uncrewed launch)
1357:Soyuz 7K-LOK No.1
1332:Soyuz 7K-L1E No.1
1069:Soyuz abort modes
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3111:Intelsat IVA F-1
2661:Soyuz 7K-T No.39
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2351:Current missions
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1117:Soyuz 7K-OK No.1
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847:on 15 April 2009
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648:Flight Engineer
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536:Flight Engineer
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442:Soyuz 7K-T No.39
425:
338:Perigee altitude
321:Geocentric orbit
228:Start of mission
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101:Orbits completed
93:Mission duration
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3314:Molniya-3 No.15
3188:Molniya-3 No.13
2854:Molniya-1 No.24
2775:Intelsat IV F-1
2695:Molniya-3 No.12
2634:Nauka-5KSA No.4
2558:Intelsat IV F-6
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2372:Future missions
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1005:Soyuz programme
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720:Aleksei Gubarev
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528:Aleksei Gubarev
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480:Aleksei Gubarev
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430:Soyuz programme
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404:9 February 1975
396:12 January 1975
348:Apogee altitude
331:Low Earth orbit
193:
191:Aleksei Gubarev
130:Spacecraft type
125:Soyuz 7K-T No.5
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3257:Interkosmos 14
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841:"Baikonur LC1"
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786:Soyuz-17 Cliff
716:Georgy Grechko
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401:Undocking date
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2939:Meteor-2 No.1
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2843:DS-U3-IK No.5
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1092:Past missions
1090:
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963:0-517-56954-X
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925:0-87201-848-2
921:
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898:
894:
890:
889:public domain
871:
865:
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859:
846:
842:
836:
833:
829:
828:public domain
810:
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476:space station
474:
470:
466:
458:
454:
444: →
443:
438:
435:←
431:
424:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
388:
385:Docking with
383:
379:
375:
371:
369:
365:
361:
359:
355:
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310:
306:
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295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
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259:
256:
252:
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246:
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199:
196:
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189:
185:
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177:
172:
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132:
128:
124:
120:
115:
111:
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99:
95:
91:
87:
85:
78:
73:
67:
63:
61:
57:
54:
51:
47:
44:
41:Docking with
40:
36:
32:
26:
22:
3368:Soviet Union
3329:
3325:
3309:Meteor No.38
3304:Gran' No.11L
3291:
3287:Molniya-2-15
3249:
3242:
3155:
3026:Molniya-2-14
3016:Molniya-1-31
2945:Apollo–Soyuz
2943:
2934:Molniya-2-13
2841:
2784:
2730:Molniya-1-29
2687:
2659:
2658:
2556:
2532:Molniya-2-12
2490:
2489:
2420:
2414:
2410:
1616:Apollo–Soyuz
1449:
1374:Soyuz 7K-OKS
1348:Soyuz 7K-LOK
1323:Soyuz 7K-L1E
1310:
1303:
951:
915:
874:. Retrieved
849:. Retrieved
845:the original
835:
813:. Retrieved
784:
773:
762:
753:Astrophysics
736:
725:
707:
699:91.7 minutes
696:
691:Inclination:
690:
684:
678:
672:
642:Pyotr Klimuk
612:Reserve crew
604:Oleg Makarov
490:crew aboard
469:Soviet Union
464:
452:
451:
393:Docking date
372:91.7 minutes
289:Landing site
281:Landing date
158:Landing mass
140:Manufacturer
38:Mission type
25:
21:Soyuz TMA-13
3356:Spaceflight
3198:Explorer 55
3136:Explorer 54
3006:Symphonie 2
2735:Explorer 53
2413:instead of
2210:Soyuz MS-01
2089:(2010–2016)
2087:Soyuz-TMA-M
1972:Soyuz TMA-1
1965:(2002–2012)
1777:(1986–2002)
1673:Kosmos 1001
1666:(1978–1986)
1635:(1974–1976)
1588:(1974–1976)
1586:Soyuz 7K-TM
1402:(1972–1981)
1350:(1971–1972)
1325:(1969–1970)
1213:(1967–1970)
1211:Soyuz 7K-L1
1104:(1966–1970)
1102:Soyuz 7K-OK
1035:Main topics
780:Tselinograd
769:teleprinter
751:satellite.
557:Backup crew
409:Time docked
358:Inclination
294:Tselinograd
254:Launch site
233:Launch date
215:- "Zenith")
150:Launch mass
144:NPO Energia
3378:Categories
3282:Kosmos 786
3262:Kosmos 785
3228:Kosmos 784
3223:Kosmos 783
3213:Kosmos 782
3208:Kosmos 781
3203:Kosmos 780
3183:Kosmos 779
3178:Kosmos 778
3173:Kosmos 777
3168:Kosmos 776
3141:Kosmos 775
3131:Kosmos 774
3126:Kosmos 773
3121:Kosmos 772
3106:Kosmos 771
3101:Kosmos 770
3096:Kosmos 769
3086:Kosmos 768
3081:Kosmos 767
3076:Kosmos 766
3071:Kosmos 765
3066:Kosmos 764
3061:Kosmos 763
3056:Kosmos 762
3051:Kosmos 761
3046:Kosmos 760
3041:Kosmos 759
3021:Kosmos 758
3011:Kosmos 757
3001:Kosmos 756
2991:Kosmos 755
2986:Kosmos 754
2976:Kosmos 753
2966:Kosmos 752
2961:Kosmos 751
2956:Kosmos 750
2929:Kosmos 749
2924:Kosmos 748
2919:Kosmos 747
2914:Kosmos 746
2909:Kosmos 745
2899:Kosmos 744
2884:Kosmos 743
2849:Kosmos 742
2837:Kosmos 741
2832:Kosmos 740
2827:Kosmos 739
2822:Kosmos 738
2817:Kosmos 737
2812:Kosmos 736
2807:Kosmos 735
2802:Kosmos 734
2797:Kosmos 733
2792:Kosmos 732
2765:Kosmos 731
2725:Kosmos 730
2720:Kosmos 729
2705:Kosmos 728
2700:Kosmos 727
2683:Kosmos 726
2673:Kosmos 725
2668:Kosmos 724
2654:Kosmos 723
2639:Kosmos 722
2629:Kosmos 721
2624:Kosmos 720
2619:Kosmos 719
2609:Kosmos 718
2604:Kosmos 717
2599:Kosmos 716
2594:Kosmos 715
2589:Kosmos 714
2584:Kosmos 713
2579:Kosmos 712
2574:Kosmos 711
2569:Kosmos 710
2552:Kosmos 709
2547:Kosmos 708
2527:Kosmos 707
2522:Kosmos 706
2517:Kosmos 705
2512:Kosmos 704
2502:Kosmos 703
2497:Kosmos 702
2280:(uncrewed)
1788:(uncrewed)
1784:Soyuz TM-1
1688:(uncrewed)
1642:Kosmos 670
1633:Soyuz 7K-S
1595:Kosmos 638
1470:(uncrewed)
1434:Kosmos 656
1424:Kosmos 613
1409:Kosmos 496
1400:Soyuz 7K-T
1338:Kosmos 382
1237:Zond 1967A
1226:Kosmos 146
1166:(uncrewed)
1137:Kosmos 186
1126:Kosmos 140
1121:(uncrewed)
1111:Kosmos 133
876:12 October
815:12 October
792:References
713:cosmonauts
631:Commander
626:Cosmonaut
576:Commander
571:Cosmonaut
517:Commander
512:Cosmonaut
298:Kazakhstan
134:Soyuz 7K-T
122:Spacecraft
3326:underline
3299:Prognoz 4
2889:Venera 10
2715:Aryabhata
2537:Starlette
2507:Landsat 2
1963:Soyuz-TMA
1684:Soyuz T-1
1062:Site 31/6
494:in 1971.
179:Crew size
66:1975-001A
60:COSPAR ID
3272:OPS 3165
3267:Satcom 1
3238:OPS 5547
3233:OPS 4428
3193:Soyuz 20
3146:OPS 5499
3036:Viking 2
2996:Viking 1
2894:OPS 4966
2879:Nimbus 6
2869:OPS 6381
2864:Venera 9
2786:Soyuz 18
2780:OPS 6226
2760:OPS 9436
2755:OPS 9435
2710:OPS 4883
2614:OPS 2439
2491:Soyuz 17
2201:Soyuz MS
1775:Soyuz-TM
1605:Soyuz 16
1439:Soyuz 14
1429:Soyuz 13
1419:Soyuz 12
1383:Soyuz 10
1282:Zond-M 1
1057:Site 1/5
728:Soyuz 17
709:Salyut 4
679:Perigee:
622:Position
567:Position
508:Position
492:Salyut 1
488:Soyuz 11
473:Salyut 4
465:Union 17
453:Soyuz 17
437:Soyuz 16
387:Salyut 4
352:354.0 km
342:293.0 km
262:Site 1/5
258:Baikonur
201:Callsign
49:Operator
43:Salyut 4
29:Soyuz 17
3342:Portals
3330:italics
3293:Unnamed
3151:Triad 2
2874:P-226-1
2740:Anik A3
2421:Italics
2191:TMA-20M
2186:TMA-19M
2181:TMA-18M
2176:TMA-17M
2171:TMA-16M
2166:TMA-15M
2161:TMA-14M
2156:TMA-13M
2151:TMA-12M
2146:TMA-11M
2141:TMA-10M
2136:TMA-09M
2131:TMA-08M
2126:TMA-07M
2121:TMA-06M
2116:TMA-05M
2111:TMA-04M
2106:TMA-03M
2101:TMA-02M
1664:Soyuz-T
1162:Soyuz 2
1131:Soyuz 1
851:4 March
749:Molniya
742:⁄
697:Period:
685:Apogee:
461:Союз 17
457:Russian
412:28 days
187:Members
161:1200 kg
153:6570 kg
81:SATCAT
3163:GOES 1
3031:Kiku 1
2859:SRET-2
2750:Castor
2745:Polluz
2678:GEOS-3
2478:1976 →
2463:← 1974
2411:Kosmos
2331:
2322:
2278:
2077:TMA-22
2072:TMA-21
2067:TMA-20
2062:TMA-19
2057:TMA-18
2052:TMA-17
2047:TMA-16
2042:TMA-15
2037:TMA-14
2032:TMA-13
2027:TMA-12
2022:TMA-11
2017:TMA-10
1786:
1686:
1612:
1544:
1529:
1468:
1376:(1971)
1294:Zond 7
1249:Zond 4
1164:
960:
922:
368:Period
327:Regime
244:Rocket
3251:DAD-B
3244:DAD-A
2981:Cos-B
2904:OSO-8
2689:RM-20
2564:Taiyo
2542:SMS-2
2415:Soyuz
2397:MS-29
2393:2026
2387:MS-28
2382:MS-27
2378:2025
2363:MS-26
2358:MS-25
2338:MS-24
2329:MS-23
2320:MS-22
2315:MS-21
2310:MS-20
2305:MS-19
2300:MS-18
2295:MS-17
2290:MS-16
2285:MS-15
2276:MS-14
2271:MS-13
2266:MS-12
2261:MS-11
2255:MS-10
2250:MS-09
2245:MS-08
2240:MS-07
2235:MS-06
2230:MS-05
2225:MS-04
2220:MS-03
2215:MS-02
2012:TMA-9
2007:TMA-8
2002:TMA-7
1997:TMA-6
1992:TMA-5
1987:TMA-4
1982:TMA-3
1977:TMA-2
1953:TM-34
1948:TM-33
1943:TM-32
1938:TM-31
1933:TM-30
1928:TM-29
1923:TM-28
1918:TM-27
1913:TM-26
1908:TM-25
1903:TM-24
1898:TM-23
1893:TM-22
1888:TM-21
1883:TM-20
1878:TM-19
1873:TM-18
1868:TM-17
1863:TM-16
1858:TM-15
1853:TM-14
1848:TM-13
1843:TM-12
1838:TM-11
1833:TM-10
1734:T-10a
1276:1969A
1260:1968B
1254:1968A
1243:1967B
776:Earth
693:51.6°
673:Mass:
362:51.6°
248:Soyuz
212:Zenit
206:Зенит
88:07604
3116:Aura
2951:DM-2
2471:1975
1828:TM-9
1823:TM-8
1818:TM-7
1813:TM-6
1808:TM-5
1803:TM-4
1798:TM-3
1793:TM-2
1765:T-15
1760:T-14
1755:T-13
1750:T-12
1745:T-11
1740:T-10
1679:1074
1363:No.2
958:ISBN
920:ISBN
878:2020
853:2009
817:2020
718:and
498:Crew
482:and
174:Crew
1729:T-9
1723:T-8
1718:T-7
1713:T-6
1708:T-5
1703:T-4
1698:T-3
1693:T-2
1653:869
1647:772
1600:672
1455:18a
1414:573
1288:M 2
1231:154
1157:238
1152:213
1147:212
1142:188
765:ion
471:'s
238:UTC
104:479
83:no.
3380::
1623:22
1610:19
1576:40
1571:39
1566:38
1561:37
1556:36
1551:35
1542:34
1536:33
1527:32
1522:31
1517:30
1512:29
1507:28
1502:27
1497:26
1491:25
1486:24
1480:23
1475:21
1466:20
1461:18
1450:17
1444:15
1389:11
1312:10
1119:†
934:^
896:^
861:^
800:^
463:,
459::
296:,
260:,
3344::
2454:e
2447:t
2440:v
2257:†
1736:†
1725:†
1675:†
1655:†
1649:†
1618:)
1614:(
1538:†
1493:†
1482:†
1457:†
1446:†
1391:†
1385:†
1365:†
1359:†
1334:†
1305:9
1299:8
1290:†
1284:†
1278:†
1271:6
1266:5
1262:†
1256:†
1245:†
1239:†
1233:†
1219:)
1215:(
1201:9
1196:8
1191:7
1186:6
1181:5
1176:4
1171:3
1133:†
1113:†
997:e
990:t
983:v
966:.
928:.
891:.
880:.
855:.
830:.
819:.
744:2
740:1
455:(
209:(
182:2
23:.
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