515:
authority to remove the domain records of
Spamhaus, which is a UK-based company. On 20 October 2006, Judge Kocoras issued a ruling denying e360's motion against ICANN, stating in his opinion that "there has been no indication that ICANN not independent entit , thus preventing a conclusion that is acting in concert" with Spamhaus and that the court had no authority over ICANN in this matter. The court further ruled that removing Spamhaus's domain name registration was a remedy that was "too broad to be warranted in this case", because it would "cut off all lawful online activities of Spamhaus via its existing domain name, not just those that are in contravention" of the default judgment. Kocoras concluded, "hile we will not condone or tolerate noncompliance with a valid order of this court neither will we impose a sanction that does not correspond to the gravity of the offending conduct".
601:
307:). The lists are offered as a free public service to low-volume mail server operators on the internet. Commercial spam filtering services and other sites performing large scale usage must instead sign up for a commercial account through Spamhaus Technology its partner for distribution. Spamhaus outlines the way its DNSBL technology works in a document called "Understanding DNSBL Filtering."
36:
507:
have "technically accepted jurisdiction" by having initially responded at all, and awarded e360 a
Default Judgement totalling US$ 11,715,000 in damages. Spamhaus subsequently announced that it would ignore the judgement because default judgements issued by U.S. courts without a trial "have no validity in the U.K. and cannot be enforced under the British legal system".
583:
holders of accounts at
European banks. Finally, Spamhaus put the mail server of nic.at on their SBL spam blacklist under the SBL's policy "Knowingly Providing a Spam Support Service for Profit" for several days which caused interference of mail traffic at nic.at. All of the phishing domains in question have been since deleted or suspended by their DNS providers.
333:, worms/viruses with built-in spam engines, virus-infected PCs & servers and other types of trojan-horse exploits." That is to say it is a list of known open proxies and exploited computers being used to send spam and viruses. The XBL includes information gathered by Spamhaus as well as by other contributing DNSBL operations such as the
677:
On 26 April 2013, the owner of CyberBunker, Sven Olaf
Kamphuis, was arrested in Spain for his part in the attack on Spamhaus. He was held in jail for 55 days pending extradition to the Netherlands, was released pending trial, and was ultimately found guilty and sentenced to 240 days in jail, with the
638:
to absorb the excess traffic. Linford also claimed that the attack was being investigated by five different national cyber-police-forces around the world, later confirmed in news reports as being the FBI, Europol, the
British National Crime Agency (NCA), the Dutch Police National High Tech Crime Unit
633:
connected to the internet. The attack was of a previously unreported scale (peaking at 300 Gbit/s; an average large-scale attack might reach 50 Gbit/s, and the largest previous publicly reported attack was 100 Gbit/s) was launched against
Spamhaus's DNS servers; as of 27 March 2013 the
409:
that have been stolen or are otherwise "totally controlled by spammers or 100% spam hosting operations". As a small subset of the SBL, it does not include address ranges registered to ISPs and sublet to spammers, but only those network blocks wholly used by spammers. It is intended to be incorporated
393:
was released in June 2012 and is a list of IP addresses. It lists IP addresses of which
Spamhaus personnel believe to be operated by cybercriminals for the exclusive purpose of hosting botnet Command&Control infrastructure. Such infrastructure is commonly used by cybercriminals to control malware
591:
In August 2010, Spamhaus added some Google-controlled IP addresses used by Google Docs to its SBL spam list, due to Google Docs being a large source of uncontrolled spam. Google quickly fixed the problem and
Spamhaus removed the listing. Though initially wrongly reported by some press to be IPs used
547:
of the
Seventh Circuit: "I have never seen such an incompetent presentation of a damages case," Posner said. "It's not only incompetent, it's grotesque. You've got damages jumping around from $ 11 million to $ 130 million to $ 122 million to $ 33 million. In fact, the damages are probably zero." and
506:
to call for the judge to be suspended from office. Not having had its objection to jurisdiction examined, Spamhaus refused to participate in the U.S. case any further and withdrew its counsel. Judge
Kocoras however, angry at Spamhaus having ‘walked out’ of his court, deemed British-based Spamhaus to
437:
The Spamhaus Group consists of a number of independent companies which focus on different aspects of Spamhaus anti-spam technology or provide services based around it. At the core is the Spamhaus Project SLU, a not-for-profit company based in Andorra which tracks spam sources and cyber threats such
692:
In 2014, Spamhaus was sued by California-based entrepreneurs Craig Ames and Rob McGee, who were involved with a bulk email marketing services business, initially through a US corporation called Blackstar Media LLC, and later as employees of Blackstar Marketing, a subsidiary of the English company
681:
The arrest of ‘Narko’: The British National Cyber Crime Unit revealed that a London schoolboy had been secretly arrested as part of a suspected organised crime gang responsible for the DDoS attacks. A briefing document giving details of the schoolboy's alleged involvement states: "The suspect was
582:
purposes. The registry nic.at rejected the request and argued that they would break Austrian law by suspending domains, even though the domains were used for criminal purposes, and demanded proof that the domains were registered under false identities. For some time the domains continued to phish
514:
to remove the domain records of Spamhaus until the default judgement had been satisfied. This raised international issues regarding ICANN's unusual position as an American organization with worldwide responsibility for domain names, and ICANN protested that they had neither the ability nor the
378:
is an automatically produced dataset of IP addresses that are involved in sending low-reputation email. Listings can be based on HELO greetings without an A record, generic looking rDNS or use of fake domains, which could indicate spambots or server misconfiguration. CSS is part of SBL.
140:
616:
in the Netherlands that "offers anonymous hosting of anything except child porn and anything related to terrorism" was added to the Spamhaus blacklist used by email providers to weed out spam. Shortly afterwards, beginning on March 18, Spamhaus was the target of a
661:
Kamphuis also claimed to be the spokesman of the attackers, and said in a message "We are aware that this is one of the largest DDoS attacks the world had publicly seen", and that CyberBunker was retaliating against Spamhaus for "abusing their influence".
438:
as phishing, malware and botnets and publishes free DNSBLs. Commercial services are managed by a British data delivery company Spamhaus Technology Ltd., based in London UK which manages data distribution services for large scale spam filter systems.
299:
use the lists to reduce the amount of spam that reaches their users. In 2006, the Spamhaus services protected 650 million email users, including the European Parliament, US Army, the White House and Microsoft, from billions of spam emails a day.
693:
Adconion Media Group Limited, which bought Blackstar Media in April 2011. Although an initial motion by Spamhaus to strike out the claims failed, they ultimately prevailed when the claimants dropped their case and paid Spamhaus' legal costs.
654:
account on 23 March "Yo anons, we could use a little help in shutting down illegal slander and blackmail censorship project 'spamhaus.org,' which thinks it can dictate its views on what should and should not be on the Internet." According to
643:, a DDoS mitigation company, to assist them by distributing their internet services across Cloudflare's worldwide network, after which the focus of the attack was redirected to the companies that provide Cloudflare's network connections.
682:
found with his computer systems open and logged on to various virtual systems and forums. The subject has a significant amount of money flowing through his bank account. Financial investigators are in the process of restraining monies."
352:'s core routers, corporate users required by policy to send their email via company servers, and unassigned IP addresses. Much of the data is provided to Spamhaus by the organizations that control the IP address space, typically ISPs.
478:
of American bulk-emailing company "e360 Insight LLC", filed a lawsuit in Illinois USA against Spamhaus in the UK for blacklisting his bulk mailings. Spamhaus being a British organisation with no ties to Illinois or the U.S. had the
1808:
1587:
673:
The attack was attributed by network engineers to an anonymous group unhappy with Spamhaus, later identified by the victims of the attack as Stophaus, a loosely organized group of "bulletproof spam and malware hosters".
421:
is a database of spammers and spam operations who have been terminated from three or more ISPs due to spamming. It contains publicly sourced information about these persons and their domains, addresses and aliases.
539:
in 2010 Judge Kocoras reduced the $ 11.7 million damages award to $ 27,002—$ 1 for tortious interference with prospective economic advantage, $ 1 for claims of defamation, and $ 27,000 for "existing contracts".
410:
in firewalls and routing equipment to drop all network traffic to and from the listed blocks. The DROP webpage FAQ states the data is free for all to download and use. In 2012 Spamhaus Technology offered a
558:
In the course of these proceedings, in January 2008 e360 Insight LLC filed for bankruptcy and closed down, citing astronomical legal bills associated with this court case as the reason for its demise.
2046:
2412:
634:
effects of the attack had lasted for over a week. Steve Linford, chief executive for Spamhaus, said that they had withstood the attack, using the assistance of other internet companies such as
2350:
1917:
1795:
2112:
450:
1676:
2230:
1537:
2478:
1750:
1577:
1399:
2199:
1903:
772:
1431:
1955:
646:
Spamhaus alleged that CyberBunker, in cooperation with "criminal gangs" from Eastern Europe and Russia, was behind the attack; CyberBunker did not respond to the
836:
1638:"Case 1:06-cv-03958 - Document 36 - Filed 10/19/2006 (signed version of denial without prejudice of Plaintiffs' motion [26] for a rule to show cause)"
499:, ignored the request for dismissal and proceeded with the case against British-based Spamhaus without considering the jurisdiction issue, prompting British
348:. It lists not only dynamic IP addresses but also static addresses that should not be sending email directly to third-party servers. Examples of such are an
2038:
1559:
2404:
1548:
1306:
367:. It lists spam domains including spam payload URLs, spam sources and senders ("right-hand side"), known spammers and spam gangs, and phish, virus and
2288:
2141:
2010:
1461:
529:
1648:
2381:
1489:
2445:
2342:
2705:
2102:
1367:
1209:
1132:
1672:
2222:
1616:
2745:
1534:
866:
2474:
1747:
1395:
2720:
2533:
2191:
1254:
1702:
1332:
119:
100:
891:
1177:
72:
1838:
532:
vacated the damages award and remanded the matter back to the district court for a more extensive inquiry to determine damages.
429:
agencies, containing data on hundreds of spam gangs, with evidence, logs and information on illegal activities of these gangs.
1279:
1229:
600:
555:
to just $ 3 (three dollars) total, and ordered the plaintiff e360 to pay to Spamhaus the costs of the appeal for the defence.
670:
said "You can’t stop a DNS flood ... The only way to deal with this problem is to find the people doing it and arrest them".
402:
57:
50:
1526:
802:
79:
2259:
1724:
1866:
1421:
762:
618:
488:
2700:
2582:
1947:
702:
406:
318:
belonging to, known spammers, spam operations, and spam-support services. The SBL's listings are partially based on the
187:
1889:
1772:
371:-related sites. It later added a zone of "abused URL shorteners", a common way spammers insert links into spam emails.
2319:
828:
360:
86:
2072:
740:
2740:
712:
1556:
945:
292:
280:
68:
314:
targets "verified spam sources (including spammers, spam gangs and spam support services)." Its goal is to list
2715:
2612:
2577:
650:'s request for comment on the allegation; however, Sven Olaf Kamphuis, the owner of CyberBunker, posted to his
578:, to suspend a number of domains, claiming they were registered anonymously by phishing gangs for illegal bank
2168:
1545:
1977:
1302:
2281:
2134:
334:
260:
46:
1096:
1071:
1046:
1020:
995:
970:
916:
604:
Diagram showing the role of open resolvers, improperly configured servers vulnerable to IP address spoofing
2550:
2526:
2003:
496:
484:
1453:
2165:"Network Ingress Filtering: Defeating Denial of Service Attacks which employ IP Source Address Spoofing"
1637:
536:
519:
1804:
2725:
2692:
2373:
1482:
500:
480:
2434:
2730:
2572:
1930:
1357:
630:
626:
625:(DNS) which permits origination of massive quantities of messages at devices owned by others using
543:
Both parties appealed, but e360's case for increasing the damages was sharply criticized by Judge
93:
2107:
1582:
657:
622:
2899:
2710:
2653:
2519:
1698:
1608:
1205:
1199:
1128:
345:
272:
139:
1122:
858:
425:
ROKSO is no longer available to the public. However, there is a special version available to
2851:
2798:
1800:
1148:
707:
524:
291:
The Spamhaus Project is responsible for compiling several widely used anti-spam lists. Many
212:
1250:
2863:
2833:
2567:
1921:
1754:
1563:
1552:
1541:
1530:
567:
552:
426:
1328:
1835:"Spamhaus statement on Report on the criminal 'Rock Phish' domains registered at Nic.at"
2873:
2843:
2793:
2735:
2658:
2648:
2592:
1483:"Case 1:06-cv-03958 - Document 29-1 - Filed 10/06/2006 (PDF version of Proposed Order)"
1426:
887:
544:
475:
457:
202:
1173:
2893:
2808:
2773:
2673:
2607:
2470:
1834:
1513:
1457:
1391:
937:
264:
165:
2511:
1275:
1225:
510:
Following the default ruling in its favour, e360 filed a motion to attempt to force
2856:
2813:
2783:
2633:
1894:
1517:
1362:
667:
492:
315:
296:
2255:
1523:
794:
456:
Greatest Contribution to anti-spam in the last 10 years presented to Spamhaus by
359:
was released in March 2010 and is a list of domain names, which is both a domain
2818:
2628:
1899:
1353:
609:
503:
35:
1862:
1699:"Spammer's $ 11 Million Win Against Anti-Spammer Spamhaus, Reduced To $ 27,000"
2788:
2765:
2638:
2597:
2559:
640:
330:
268:
198:
1768:
1578:"Defending a Blurred Line: Is It Spam or Just a Company Marketing by E-Mail?"
612:, an internet provider named after its former headquarters in a surplus NATO
386:
is a combined list, which includes all the Spamhaus IP-based DNS Blocklists.
2823:
2803:
2678:
1329:"MXTools' Partner Spamhaus Receives Prestigious Virus Bulletin VBSpam Award"
17:
2311:
1748:" Appeals judges berate spammer for "ridiculous," "incompetent" litigation"
2068:
447:
National Cyber Forensics Training Alliance 2008 Cyber Crime Fighter Award
2868:
2778:
2663:
2643:
2542:
767:
736:
651:
579:
283:, or other firm, which spams or knowingly provides service to spammers.
2405:"London schoolboy secretly arrested over 'world's biggest cyber attack'"
2750:
2668:
2602:
941:
717:
571:
368:
1935:'The DNS providers of the domains deleted the domain entries.'
635:
613:
175:
592:
by Gmail, later it was clarified that only Google Docs was blocked.
303:
Spamhaus distributes the lists in the form of DNS-based blocklists (
2374:"Hacker behind Spamhaus attack will not spend any time in the jail"
2164:
279:, a pseudo-German expression, was coined by Linford to refer to an
2828:
2587:
2282:"The DDoS That Knocked Spamhaus Offline (And How We Mitigated It)"
2135:"The DDoS That Knocked Spamhaus Offline (And How We Mitigated It)"
1981:
1644:
1612:
599:
548:
for a second time the Court of Appeals vacated the damages award.
511:
364:
304:
1092:
1067:
1042:
1016:
991:
966:
912:
2515:
528:
and successfully appealed the default ruling. The U.S. federal
2312:"Conversations with a Bulletproof Hoster, STOPhaus v Spamhaus"
647:
639:(NHTCU), and the Spanish National Police. Spamhaus also hired
575:
411:
349:
29:
1863:"Spamhaus.org setzt Österreichs Domainverwaltung unter Druck"
2504:
763:"Cyberattack on anti-spam group Spamhaus has ripple effects"
551:
Finally, on 2 September 2011 the Illinois court reduced the
243:
621:(DDoS) attack exploiting a long-known vulnerability in the
2192:"Attacks Used the Internet Against Itself to Clog Traffic"
2103:"Firm Is Accused of Sending Spam, and Fight Jams Internet"
2475:"Case Dismissed: Ames & McGee v The Spamhaus Project"
2256:"Global internet slows after 'biggest attack in history'"
1926:
Die DNS-Provider der Domains haben die Einträge gelöscht.
1673:"Domain Firm, Tucows, and ICANN, Win Spamhaus Litigation"
491:
and asked to have the case dismissed for obvious lack of
629:. Devices exploited in the attack may be as simple as a
2343:"Dutch Man Said to Be Held in Powerful Internet Attack"
1124:
Information Security Management Handbook, Sixth Edition
829:"Can an American judge take a British company offline?"
319:
2437:
Ames & anor v The Spamhaus Project Ltd & anor
2223:"Devices Like Cable Boxes Figured in Internet Attack"
1524:
U.S. Court Order Could Boost Spam By 50 Billion Daily
495:. The Illinois court however, presided over by Judge
1725:"Case 1:06-cv-03958 - Document 242 - Filed 06/11/10"
2842:
2764:
2691:
2621:
2558:
2549:
1422:"MP calls for suspension of judge in Spamhaus case"
1386:
1384:
1116:
1114:
238:
228:
218:
208:
193:
182:
171:
161:
146:
1794:
1396:"TRO Answer: e360Insight vs. The Spamhaus Project"
2101:Markoff, John; Nicole Perlroth (27 March 2013).
2037:Eric Pfanner; Kevin J. O'Brien (29 March 2013).
1522:(No longer available, but partially archived at
1121:Harold F. Tipton; Micki Krause (17 March 2008).
2250:
2248:
2190:John Markoff; Nicole Perlroth (27 March 2013).
2039:"Provocateur Comes Into View After Cyberattack"
1829:
1827:
1825:
1769:"Spamhaus Victory in Final Appeal in E360 Case"
1757:, Timothy B. Lee, June 14, 2011, artechnica.com
1454:"Spam fighter hit with $ 11.7 million judgment"
329:targets "illegal 3rd party exploits, including
2167:. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
1892:[Nic.at rejects Spamhaus' statement].
566:In June 2007, Spamhaus requested the national
259:is an international organisation based in the
2527:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2004:"Deep Inside a DNS Amplification DDoS Attack"
8:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
1948:"Spamhaus: We Blocked Google Docs Not Gmail"
1488:. The Spamhaus Project website. 2006-10-06.
1204:. "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". pp. 219–220.
132:
1278:. The Spamhaus Project. 29 September 2008.
822:
820:
2555:
2534:
2520:
2512:
1890:"Nic.at weist Spamhaus-Darstellung zurück"
1303:"Spamhaus crowned Internet heroes of 2003"
419:Register of known spam operations (ROKSO)
138:
131:
2439:, Reference [2015] EWHC 127 (QB)"
2372:Paganini, Pierluigi (November 16, 2016).
1857:
1855:
1675:. Cheaphostingdirectory.com. 2006-10-30.
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1358:"Spamhaus fights US court domain threat"
795:"Dutchman arrested over huge web attack"
530:Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
1093:"Spamhaus Botnet Controller List (BCL)"
728:
474:In September 2006, David Linhardt, the
2415:from the original on 26 September 2013
743:from the original on December 14, 2021
451:Internet Service Providers Association
56:Please improve this article by adding
27:Organization targetting email spammers
2171:from the original on 27 February 2010
1865:(in German). heise.de. 19 June 2007.
1767:Jenkins, Quentin (5 September 2009).
1535:Spammer Cajoles ICANN To Ban Spamhaus
1282:from the original on 13 February 2019
1023:from the original on 21 December 2021
7:
2481:from the original on 25 October 2016
2451:from the original on 25 October 2016
2403:Martin Bentham (26 September 2013).
1906:from the original on 23 October 2012
967:"Spamhaus Exploits Block List (XBL)"
2384:from the original on April 17, 2024
2291:from the original on March 27, 2013
1958:from the original on 22 August 2010
1888:Sokolov, Daniel AJ (21 June 2007).
1301:Sherriff, Lucy (20 February 2004).
1099:from the original on 26 August 2020
942:"SBL Policy & Listing Criteria"
827:Arthur, Charles (19 October 2006).
596:CyberBunker dispute and DDoS attack
535:Following the successful Appeal by
2721:Distributed Checksum Clearinghouse
2353:from the original on 27 April 2013
2233:from the original on 30 March 2013
2221:Nichole Perlroth (29 March 2013).
2202:from the original on 28 March 2013
2163:P. Ferguson; D. Senie (May 2000).
2144:from the original on 27 March 2013
2115:from the original on 28 March 2013
2049:from the original on 30 March 2013
2013:from the original on 28 March 2013
1174:"Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)"
1149:"Don't Route Or Peer Lists (DROP)"
1017:"Spamhaus Domain Block List (DBL)"
992:"Spamhaus Policy Block List (PBL)"
25:
2706:Challenge–response spam filtering
2543:Unsolicited digital communication
2341:Nicole Perlroth (26 April 2013).
2075:from the original on 22 June 2013
1705:from the original on 22 June 2010
1402:from the original on 27 July 2013
1309:from the original on 13 July 2013
483:from the state court to the U.S.
401:lists are JSON files delineating
2477:. The Spamhaus Project website.
2322:from the original on 9 June 2013
2262:from the original on 31 May 2018
1869:from the original on 1 July 2007
1566:, abuse.email as of 2007-02-04.)
1398:. The Spamhaus Project website.
944:. The Spamhaus Project website.
839:from the original on 17 May 2022
805:from the original on 17 May 2022
775:from the original on 17 May 2022
687:Ames v. The Spamhaus Project Ltd
34:
2310:KrebsOnSecurity (13 May 2013).
2009:. CloudFlare. 30 October 2012.
1841:from the original on 2019-02-13
1811:from the original on 2012-11-07
1775:from the original on 3 May 2014
1679:from the original on 2007-09-29
1654:from the original on 2007-01-15
1619:from the original on 2007-01-25
1590:from the original on 2007-03-11
1576:Carvajal, Doreen (2006-10-16).
1520:. The Spamhaus Project website.
1495:from the original on 2018-05-27
1464:from the original on 2019-02-13
1434:from the original on 2012-03-30
1370:from the original on 2007-01-28
1335:from the original on 2013-07-06
1257:from the original on 2019-02-13
1232:from the original on 2021-04-20
1198:Robert Jones (7 October 2005).
1180:from the original on 2019-02-13
1074:from the original on 2019-02-16
1049:from the original on 2022-01-06
998:from the original on 2019-02-17
973:from the original on 2019-02-16
948:from the original on 2019-02-19
919:from the original on 2019-02-14
894:from the original on 2019-01-03
888:"Understanding DNSBL Filtering"
869:from the original on 2024-04-11
666:added that security researcher
2287:. CloudFlare. March 20, 2013.
1697:Masnick, Mike (16 June 2010).
453:'s Internet Hero of 2003 Award
1:
2140:. CloudFlare. 20 March 2013.
1043:"Combined Spam Sources (CSS)"
619:distributed denial of service
489:Northern District of Illinois
58:secondary or tertiary sources
2444:. 5rb.com. 27 January 2015.
1609:"Spamhaus Litigation Update"
737:"About The Spamhaus Project"
703:Anti-spam techniques (email)
399:DROP ("Don't Route Or Peer")
391:Botnet Controller List (BCL)
275:-related activity. The name
188:company limited by guarantee
1978:"Open DNS Resolver Project"
1452:Evers, Joris (2006-09-14).
1226:"Spamhaus Organization FAQ"
1127:. CRC Press. pp. 56–.
913:"Spamhaus Block List (SBL)"
587:Blocking of Google Docs IPs
376:Combined Spam Sources (CSS)
2916:
2741:Naive Bayes spam filtering
1805:news.admin.net-abuse.email
713:news.admin.net-abuse.email
678:remaining days suspended.
518:In 2007, Chicago law firm
293:internet service providers
2069:"Spamhaus' Blackmail War"
1251:"Spamhaus Technology Ltd"
327:Exploits Blocklist (XBL)
322:index of known spammers.
281:internet service provider
137:
2716:Disposable email address
2578:Directory harvest attack
1771:. The Spamhaus Project.
739:. The Spamhaus Project.
522:took up Spamhaus's case
312:Spamhaus Blocklist (SBL)
201:and associated forms of
2409:London Evening Standard
859:"DNSBL Fair Use Policy"
414:feed of the same data.
335:Composite Blocking List
261:Principality of Andorra
2258:. BBC. 27 March 2013.
1925:
605:
562:Spamhaus versus nic.at
537:Jenner & Block LLP
520:Jenner & Block LLP
485:Federal District Court
357:Domain Blocklist (DBL)
342:Policy Blocklist (PBL)
69:"The Spamhaus Project"
45:relies excessively on
603:
263:, founded in 1998 by
234:38 (as of March 2013)
2726:Email authentication
1796:"e360 Has Gone Bust"
863:The Spamhaus Project
394:infected computers.
257:The Spamhaus Project
133:The Spamhaus Project
2573:Bulk email software
631:cable converter box
627:IP address spoofing
134:
2347:The New York Times
2227:The New York Times
2196:The New York Times
2108:The New York Times
2043:The New York Times
1954:. 20 August 2010.
1753:2017-02-27 at the
1583:The New York Times
1562:2012-11-04 at the
1551:2008-05-24 at the
1540:2006-10-17 at the
1529:2007-09-27 at the
1201:Internet Forensics
658:The New York Times
623:Domain Name System
606:
2884:
2883:
2711:Context filtering
2687:
2686:
2316:Krebs on Security
1934:
1557:Groups.google.com
1546:Groups.google.com
1211:978-1-4493-9056-3
1134:978-1-4200-6710-1
801:. 26 April 2013.
771:. 27 March 2013.
346:Dialup Users List
254:
253:
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
2907:
2852:Advance-fee scam
2799:Keyword stuffing
2556:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2513:
2508:
2507:
2505:Official website
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2473:(12 June 2015).
2467:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2450:
2443:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2378:Security Affairs
2369:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2286:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2252:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2187:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2139:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2098:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2065:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2034:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2008:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1980:. Archived from
1974:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1929:
1920:
1913:
1911:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1859:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1837:. spamhaus.org.
1831:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1798:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1764:
1758:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1729:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1701:. techdirt.com.
1694:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1653:
1642:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1573:
1567:
1555:, highspeed and
1521:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1500:
1494:
1487:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1388:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1340:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1305:. The Register.
1298:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1262:
1253:. spamhaus.org.
1247:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1228:. spamhaus.org.
1222:
1216:
1215:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1185:
1176:. spamhaus.org.
1170:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1118:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1095:. spamhaus.org.
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1070:. spamhaus.org.
1064:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1045:. spamhaus.org.
1039:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1019:. spamhaus.org.
1013:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1003:
994:. spamhaus.org.
988:
982:
981:
979:
978:
969:. spamhaus.org.
963:
957:
956:
954:
953:
934:
928:
927:
925:
924:
915:. spamhaus.org.
909:
903:
902:
900:
899:
890:. spamhaus.org.
884:
878:
877:
875:
874:
855:
849:
848:
846:
844:
824:
815:
814:
812:
810:
791:
785:
784:
782:
780:
759:
753:
752:
750:
748:
733:
708:Brian Haberstroh
525:pro bono publico
344:is similar to a
250:
247:
245:
213:Andorra la Vella
157:
155:
142:
135:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2880:
2864:Make Money Fast
2838:
2834:URL redirection
2760:
2683:
2617:
2568:Address munging
2545:
2540:
2503:
2502:
2499:
2494:
2484:
2482:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2441:
2433:
2432:
2428:
2418:
2416:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2387:
2385:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2356:
2354:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2325:
2323:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2294:
2292:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2265:
2263:
2254:
2253:
2246:
2236:
2234:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2205:
2203:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2174:
2172:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2147:
2145:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2118:
2116:
2100:
2099:
2088:
2078:
2076:
2071:. CyberBunker.
2067:
2066:
2062:
2052:
2050:
2036:
2035:
2026:
2016:
2014:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1987:
1985:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1961:
1959:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1916:
1909:
1907:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1872:
1870:
1861:
1860:
1853:
1844:
1842:
1833:
1832:
1823:
1814:
1812:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1778:
1776:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1755:Wayback Machine
1746:
1742:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1708:
1706:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1682:
1680:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1657:
1655:
1651:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1622:
1620:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1593:
1591:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1564:Wayback Machine
1553:Wayback Machine
1542:Wayback Machine
1531:Wayback Machine
1518:"Responds here"
1512:
1511:
1507:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1467:
1465:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1437:
1435:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1405:
1403:
1390:
1389:
1382:
1373:
1371:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1338:
1336:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1312:
1310:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1285:
1283:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1260:
1258:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1235:
1233:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1183:
1181:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1157:
1155:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1135:
1120:
1119:
1112:
1102:
1100:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1077:
1075:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1052:
1050:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1026:
1024:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1001:
999:
990:
989:
985:
976:
974:
965:
964:
960:
951:
949:
936:
935:
931:
922:
920:
911:
910:
906:
897:
895:
886:
885:
881:
872:
870:
857:
856:
852:
842:
840:
826:
825:
818:
808:
806:
793:
792:
788:
778:
776:
761:
760:
756:
746:
744:
735:
734:
730:
726:
699:
690:
608:In March 2013,
598:
589:
568:domain registry
564:
497:Charles Kocoras
472:
467:
444:
435:
427:law enforcement
289:
287:Anti-spam lists
242:
231:
221:
153:
151:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
55:
51:primary sources
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2913:
2911:
2903:
2902:
2892:
2891:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2866:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2848:
2846:
2844:Internet fraud
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2794:Google bombing
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2770:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2736:List poisoning
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2697:
2695:
2689:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2593:Email spoofing
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2564:
2562:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2531:
2524:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2498:
2497:External links
2495:
2493:
2492:
2471:Linford, Steve
2462:
2426:
2395:
2364:
2333:
2302:
2273:
2244:
2213:
2182:
2155:
2126:
2086:
2060:
2024:
1995:
1969:
1939:
1880:
1851:
1821:
1786:
1759:
1740:
1716:
1689:
1664:
1647:. 2006-10-20.
1629:
1615:. 2006-10-10.
1600:
1568:
1514:Linford, Steve
1505:
1474:
1444:
1430:. 2006-10-10.
1427:Computeractive
1413:
1392:Linford, Steve
1380:
1356:(2006-10-10).
1345:
1320:
1293:
1267:
1242:
1217:
1210:
1190:
1165:
1140:
1133:
1110:
1084:
1068:"Spamhaus ZEN"
1059:
1034:
1008:
983:
958:
938:Linford, Steve
929:
904:
879:
850:
816:
786:
754:
727:
725:
722:
721:
720:
715:
710:
705:
698:
695:
689:
684:
597:
594:
588:
585:
563:
560:
545:Richard Posner
476:owner-operator
471:
468:
466:
463:
462:
461:
458:Virus Bulletin
454:
448:
443:
440:
434:
431:
363:blocklist and
288:
285:
269:email spammers
252:
251:
240:
236:
235:
232:
229:
226:
225:
222:
219:
216:
215:
210:
206:
205:
203:computer crime
195:
191:
190:
184:
180:
179:
173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
148:
144:
143:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2912:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2888:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2809:Referrer spam
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2694:
2690:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2674:Telemarketing
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2608:Pink contract
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2537:
2532:
2530:
2525:
2523:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2506:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2466:
2463:
2447:
2440:
2438:
2430:
2427:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2399:
2396:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2368:
2365:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2337:
2334:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2306:
2303:
2290:
2283:
2277:
2274:
2261:
2257:
2251:
2249:
2245:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2217:
2214:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2186:
2183:
2170:
2166:
2159:
2156:
2143:
2136:
2130:
2127:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2104:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2074:
2070:
2064:
2061:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2012:
2005:
1999:
1996:
1984:on 2013-03-27
1983:
1979:
1973:
1970:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1905:
1901:
1898:(in German).
1897:
1896:
1891:
1884:
1881:
1868:
1864:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1822:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1797:
1790:
1787:
1774:
1770:
1763:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1744:
1741:
1726:
1720:
1717:
1704:
1700:
1693:
1690:
1678:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1650:
1646:
1639:
1633:
1630:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1604:
1601:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1579:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1519:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1491:
1484:
1478:
1475:
1463:
1459:
1458:CNET News.com
1455:
1448:
1445:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1417:
1414:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1355:
1349:
1346:
1334:
1331:. Prweb.com.
1330:
1324:
1321:
1308:
1304:
1297:
1294:
1281:
1277:
1276:"NCFTA Award"
1271:
1268:
1256:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1231:
1227:
1221:
1218:
1213:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1194:
1191:
1179:
1175:
1169:
1166:
1154:
1150:
1144:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1098:
1094:
1088:
1085:
1073:
1069:
1063:
1060:
1048:
1044:
1038:
1035:
1022:
1018:
1012:
1009:
997:
993:
987:
984:
972:
968:
962:
959:
947:
943:
939:
933:
930:
918:
914:
908:
905:
893:
889:
883:
880:
868:
864:
860:
854:
851:
838:
834:
830:
823:
821:
817:
804:
800:
796:
790:
787:
774:
770:
769:
764:
758:
755:
742:
738:
732:
729:
723:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
700:
696:
694:
688:
685:
683:
679:
675:
671:
669:
665:
660:
659:
653:
649:
644:
642:
637:
632:
628:
624:
620:
615:
611:
602:
595:
593:
586:
584:
581:
577:
573:
569:
561:
559:
556:
554:
553:damages award
549:
546:
541:
538:
533:
531:
527:
526:
521:
516:
513:
508:
505:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
477:
469:
464:
459:
455:
452:
449:
446:
445:
441:
439:
432:
430:
428:
423:
420:
417:The Spamhaus
415:
413:
408:
404:
400:
397:The Spamhaus
395:
392:
387:
385:
384:ZEN Blocklist
380:
377:
372:
370:
366:
362:
358:
353:
351:
347:
343:
338:
336:
332:
328:
323:
321:
317:
313:
308:
306:
301:
298:
297:email servers
294:
286:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
265:Steve Linford
262:
258:
249:
241:
237:
233:
227:
223:
217:
214:
211:
207:
204:
200:
196:
192:
189:
185:
181:
177:
174:
170:
167:
166:Steve Linford
164:
160:
149:
145:
141:
136:
124:
121:
113:
110:February 2014
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
53:
52:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2886:
2857:Lottery scam
2814:Scraper site
2784:Doorway page
2755:
2654:Mobile phone
2634:Cold calling
2483:. Retrieved
2465:
2453:. Retrieved
2436:
2429:
2419:26 September
2417:. Retrieved
2408:
2398:
2386:. Retrieved
2377:
2367:
2355:. Retrieved
2346:
2336:
2324:. Retrieved
2315:
2305:
2293:. Retrieved
2276:
2264:. Retrieved
2235:. Retrieved
2226:
2216:
2204:. Retrieved
2195:
2185:
2173:. Retrieved
2158:
2146:. Retrieved
2129:
2117:. Retrieved
2106:
2077:. Retrieved
2063:
2051:. Retrieved
2042:
2015:. Retrieved
1998:
1986:. Retrieved
1982:the original
1972:
1960:. Retrieved
1951:
1942:
1915:
1908:. Retrieved
1895:heise online
1893:
1883:
1871:. Retrieved
1843:. Retrieved
1813:. Retrieved
1789:
1777:. Retrieved
1762:
1743:
1731:. Retrieved
1719:
1707:. Retrieved
1692:
1681:. Retrieved
1667:
1656:. Retrieved
1632:
1621:. Retrieved
1603:
1592:. Retrieved
1581:
1571:
1508:
1497:. Retrieved
1477:
1466:. Retrieved
1447:
1436:. Retrieved
1425:
1416:
1404:. Retrieved
1372:. Retrieved
1363:The Register
1361:
1354:Leyden, John
1348:
1337:. Retrieved
1323:
1311:. Retrieved
1296:
1284:. Retrieved
1270:
1259:. Retrieved
1245:
1234:. Retrieved
1220:
1200:
1193:
1182:. Retrieved
1168:
1156:. Retrieved
1152:
1143:
1123:
1101:. Retrieved
1087:
1076:. Retrieved
1062:
1051:. Retrieved
1037:
1025:. Retrieved
1011:
1000:. Retrieved
986:
975:. Retrieved
961:
950:. Retrieved
932:
921:. Retrieved
907:
896:. Retrieved
882:
871:. Retrieved
862:
853:
841:. Retrieved
833:The Guardian
832:
807:. Retrieved
798:
789:
777:. Retrieved
766:
757:
745:. Retrieved
731:
691:
686:
680:
676:
672:
668:Dan Kaminsky
663:
656:
645:
607:
590:
565:
557:
550:
542:
534:
523:
517:
509:
493:jurisdiction
473:
470:e360 lawsuit
436:
424:
418:
416:
398:
396:
390:
388:
383:
381:
375:
373:
356:
354:
341:
339:
331:open proxies
326:
324:
316:IP addresses
311:
309:
302:
290:
276:
256:
255:
220:Area served
209:Headquarters
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
44:
18:Spamhaus.org
2819:Social spam
2731:Greylisting
2701:Client-side
2629:Auto dialer
1900:Heinz Heise
1709:23 November
1286:12 February
610:CyberBunker
504:Derek Wyatt
403:CIDR blocks
230:Employees
2824:Spam blogs
2789:Forum spam
2766:Spamdexing
2639:Flyposting
2598:Image spam
2560:Email spam
2485:25 October
2455:25 October
1910:25 January
1845:2019-02-12
1815:2009-05-06
1683:2006-02-04
1658:2007-02-04
1623:2007-02-04
1594:2007-02-04
1499:2019-02-12
1468:2019-02-12
1438:2011-03-23
1374:2007-02-04
1339:2013-07-05
1261:2019-02-12
1236:2021-06-18
1184:2019-02-12
1078:2019-02-12
1053:2022-01-06
1002:2019-02-12
977:2019-02-12
952:2019-02-12
923:2019-02-12
898:2019-02-12
873:2024-04-17
724:References
641:Cloudflare
481:case moved
199:email spam
186:Nonprofit
172:Founded at
80:newspapers
47:references
2804:Link farm
2774:Blog spam
2693:Anti-spam
2659:Newsgroup
2649:Messaging
2551:Protocols
2388:April 17,
2295:March 27,
1962:21 August
1952:Softpedia
1918:‹See Tfd›
1801:Newsgroup
747:March 26,
465:Conflicts
460:Magazine.
433:Companies
267:to track
246:.spamhaus
224:Worldwide
197:Fighting
178:, England
2900:Spamming
2894:Category
2869:Phishing
2779:Cloaking
2756:Spamhaus
2664:Robocall
2644:Junk fax
2479:Archived
2446:Archived
2413:Archived
2382:Archived
2351:Archived
2320:Archived
2289:Archived
2260:Archived
2237:30 March
2231:Archived
2206:28 March
2200:Archived
2175:28 March
2169:Archived
2148:27 March
2142:Archived
2119:27 March
2113:Archived
2073:Archived
2053:30 March
2047:Archived
2017:28 March
2011:Archived
1988:28 March
1956:Archived
1904:Archived
1867:Archived
1839:Archived
1809:Archived
1773:Archived
1751:Archived
1703:Archived
1677:Archived
1649:Archived
1617:Archived
1588:Archived
1560:Archived
1549:Archived
1538:Archived
1527:Archived
1490:Archived
1462:Archived
1432:Archived
1400:Archived
1368:Archived
1333:Archived
1307:Archived
1280:Archived
1255:Archived
1230:Archived
1178:Archived
1153:Spamhaus
1097:Archived
1072:Archived
1047:Archived
1021:Archived
996:Archived
971:Archived
946:Archived
917:Archived
892:Archived
867:Archived
837:Archived
803:Archived
799:BBC News
773:Archived
768:CBS News
741:Archived
697:See also
652:Facebook
580:phishing
487:for the
277:spamhaus
2751:SpamCop
2669:Spambot
2613:Spambot
2603:Joe job
2326:24 June
2266:20 June
2079:23 June
1933:
1873:22 July
1803::
1733:3 April
1158:29 June
1103:18 June
843:1 March
809:1 March
779:1 March
718:SpamCop
664:The NYT
572:Austria
369:malware
337:(CBL).
239:Website
162:Founder
152: (
147:Founded
94:scholar
2357:15 May
2285:(blog)
2138:(blog)
2007:(blog)
1922:German
1779:5 July
1406:5 July
1313:5 July
1208:
1131:
1027:5 July
636:Google
614:bunker
576:nic.at
442:Awards
305:DNSBLs
176:London
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2874:Voice
2829:Sping
2746:SORBS
2622:Other
2588:DNSWL
2583:DNSBL
2449:(PDF)
2442:(PDF)
1728:(PDF)
1652:(PDF)
1645:ICANN
1641:(PDF)
1613:ICANN
1493:(PDF)
1486:(PDF)
512:ICANN
365:RHSBL
320:ROKSO
194:Focus
101:JSTOR
87:books
2679:VoIP
2487:2016
2457:2016
2421:2013
2390:2024
2359:2013
2328:2013
2297:2013
2268:2018
2239:2013
2208:2013
2177:2013
2150:2013
2121:2013
2081:2013
2055:2013
2019:2013
1990:2013
1964:2010
1931:lit.
1912:2019
1875:2007
1781:2013
1735:2013
1711:2010
1408:2013
1315:2013
1288:2019
1206:ISBN
1160:2024
1129:ISBN
1105:2014
1029:2013
845:2014
811:2014
781:2014
749:2013
407:ASNs
405:and
389:The
382:The
374:The
355:The
340:The
325:The
310:The
295:and
273:spam
271:and
248:.org
183:Type
154:1998
150:1998
73:news
648:BBC
570:of
412:BGP
361:URI
350:ISP
244:www
49:to
2896::
2411:.
2407:.
2380:.
2376:.
2349:.
2345:.
2318:.
2314:.
2247:^
2229:.
2225:.
2198:.
2194:.
2111:.
2105:.
2089:^
2045:.
2041:.
2027:^
1950:.
1928:,
1924::
1914:.
1902:.
1854:^
1824:^
1807:.
1799:.
1643:.
1611:.
1586:.
1580:.
1544:,
1533:,
1516:.
1460:.
1456:.
1424:.
1394:.
1383:^
1366:.
1360:.
1151:.
1113:^
940:.
865:.
861:.
835:.
831:.
819:^
797:.
765:.
574:,
501:MP
60:.
2535:e
2528:t
2521:v
2489:.
2459:.
2435:"
2423:.
2392:.
2361:.
2330:.
2299:.
2270:.
2241:.
2210:.
2179:.
2152:.
2123:.
2083:.
2057:.
2021:.
1992:.
1966:.
1877:.
1848:.
1818:.
1783:.
1737:.
1713:.
1686:.
1661:.
1626:.
1597:.
1502:.
1471:.
1441:.
1410:.
1377:.
1342:.
1317:.
1290:.
1264:.
1239:.
1214:.
1187:.
1162:.
1137:.
1107:.
1081:.
1056:.
1031:.
1005:.
980:.
955:.
926:.
901:.
876:.
847:.
813:.
783:.
751:.
156:)
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
54:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
