930:, concentrating on large-scale space battles with futuristic weapons. At one extreme, the genre is used to speculate about future wars involving space travel, or the effects of such a war on humans; at the other, it consists of the use of military fiction plots with some superficial science-fiction trappings. The term "military space opera" is occasionally used to denote this subgenre, as used for example by critic Sylvia Kelso when describing
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691:(1893) featured self-styled "Terrorists" armed with then-nonexistent arms and armour such as airships, submarines, and high explosives. The inclusion of yet-nonexistent technology became a standard part of the genre. Griffith's last "future war" story was
888:. It and its three successor novels exemplify the present form of space warfare in science fiction, as giant spaceships employ great ray guns that send bolts of energy across space to shatter planets in a war between humans and alien species.
717:
and wars between Earth and other planets, and encouraged writers of "future war" fiction to employ wider settings than had been available for "naturalistic" fiction. Wells' several other "future war" stories included the atomic war novel
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The modern form of space warfare in science fiction, in which mobile spaceships battle both planets and one another with destructive superweapons, appeared with the advent of
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and resulted in the alienation of the protagonists from the human civilization on whose behalf they were fighting. Both novels have in the past been required reading at the
627:, is instead primarily used to refer to fighters designed first and foremost to attack other fighters, generally at the expense of a capability to attack larger warships.
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cantina, in particular, were based on
Western themes. These science fiction-films and television series offered the themes and morals that Westerns previously did.
956:. The key distinction of military science fiction from space opera is that the principal characters in a space opera are not military personnel, but civilians or
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1683:
Irwin Allen
Television Productions, 1964-1970: A Critical History of Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea, Lost in Space, The Time Tunnel and Land of the Giants
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978:. Writers would submit stories in both genres, and science-fiction magazines sometimes mimicked Western cover art to showcase parallels. In the 1930s,
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that can trace its roots back to classical times, and to the "future war" novels of the 19th century. With the modern age, directly with franchises as
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in the mid-1950s, science-fiction themes and space
Westerns grew more popular. By the mid-1960s, classic Western films fell out of favor and
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Some IPs also feature super-battleship vessels, which are massive warships several kilometers in length, dwarfing even battleships.
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universe, officers of
Systems Commonwealth ships follow naval ranking, but Lancers (soldiers analogous to Marines) use army ranks.
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Many science-fiction series prominently feature starfighters operating together with larger ships. Prominent examples include the
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139:. Space warfare has a predominant role, it is a central theme and at the same time it is considered parent, overlapping genre of
131:, it is considered one of the most popular general sub-genres and themes of science fiction. An interplanetary, or more often an
960:. Military science fiction also does not necessarily always include an outer space or multi-planetary setting like space opera.
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considers
Serviss' story to be the first space opera, although the work most widely regarded as the first space opera is
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also make appearances, with some IPs featuring them as the largest and most powerful ships. Prominent example is the
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series of novels portrays several of such space navies such as the Royal
Manticoran Navy, which imitate themes from
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in a week, would be required to overcome the gravity that holds together an Earth-sized planet. The destruction of
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are generally among the largest types of ships, though the three terms are often used interchangeably. Dedicated
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battle tactics in the
Honorverse are much like those of Nelson, with the simple addition of a third dimension.
862:" was inspired by Wells and intended as a sequel to "Fighters from Mars," an un-authorized and heavily altered
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Several writers in the 1980s were accused of writing fiction as part of a propaganda campaign in favour of the
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are often seen as among the smaller ships of the fleet, though in many IPs, both classifications are not used.
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depicts an imperial war between the king of the Sun and the king of the Moon over the right to colonise the
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of energy, millions of times more than would be necessary to break the planet apart at a slower rate.
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Destruction of planets and stars has been a frequently used aspect of interstellar warfare since the
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Martha
Bartter (1999). "Young Adults, Science Fiction, and War". In Charles Wm. Sullivan (ed.).
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are rare in science fiction, though not non-existent, featuring prominently in few IPs, such as
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David
Pringle (2000-01-30). "What is this thing called space opera?". In Gary Westfahl (ed.).
1437:
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1319:(2003-12-08). "Science fiction before the genre". In Edward James and Farah Mendlesohn (ed.).
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728:," which featured a prophetic description of the tank, albeit of an unfeasibly large scale.
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are often the smallest ships in science fiction navies, though some do feature even smaller
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327:
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671:," a story about a British defeat after a German invasion of Britain, published in 1871 in
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Books and Beyond: The
Greenwood Encyclopedia of New American Reading [4 volumes]
17:
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1493:
Understanding Contemporary American Science Fiction: The Formative Period, (1926-1970)
774:
onwards have examined the morality and consequences of space warfare. With Heinlein's
623:, which in reality refers to fast fighters optimized to attack approaching long range
164:
claimed in 1939 that bullets would be a more effective weapon in a real space battle.
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Though it can differ on the IP, classes of ships are most commonly based on those of
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40:
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The Popular And The Canonical: Debating Twentieth-century Literature 1940–2000
900:
novels present a view of space warfare that simply transplants the naval warfare of
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1379:
Understanding contemporary American science fiction: the age of maturity, 1970-2000
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are the opposite of interceptors and are primarily meant to attack enemy warships.
624:
277:) also use a naval-style rank-structure and hierarchy. The former is based on the
52:
1297:“The True, the False, and the Truly False: Lucian’s Philosophical Science Fiction”
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2571:
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The Science In Science Fiction: 83 SF Predictions That Became Scientific Reality
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56:
820:, the protagonist wages war remotely, with no realization that he is doing so.
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1828:"Hunters in the Great Dark, Part 1: A Hard-Science Look at Deep-Space Warfare"
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697:, written in 1906 and published in 1911, which included such technology as
1286:. Images accessible at 2265-2370 Ranks. Spike's Star Trek Page Rank Chart.
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2001:
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1456:
Edison Conquest of Mars, Introduction Robert Godwin, page 6, Apoge 2005
1074:
577:
561:
1848:"Hunters in the Great Dark, Part 2: The Weapons of Deep-Space Warfare"
3489:
3422:
2055:
628:
592:
382:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
1225:
1028:
rejuvenated Westerns by updating them with science-fiction themes.
656:. It is the earliest known work of fiction to address the concept.
2138:
2011:
1865:
1377:
Darren Harris-Fain (2005). "After the New Wave, 1970–1976".
653:
201:
183:
1170:
The Starflight Handbook: A Pioneer's Guide to Interstellar Travel
1566:"23 Best Military Science Fiction Books - The Best Sci Fi Books"
615:. While most fighters, like the aforementioned ones, tend to be
219:
3426:
1869:
182:
series. It has been calculated that a force on the order of 10
1789:
Fights of fancy: armed conflict in science fiction and fantasy
409:
347:
187:
322:
universe has military spacecraft under the control of modern
306:
Some fictional universes have different implementations. The
1006:
replaced them. When horror comics became untenable with the
1409:
Science Fiction After 1900: From the Steam Man to the Stars
874:, pursues the invading Martians back to their home planet.
731:
More recent depictions of space warfare departed from the
677:. Many such stories were written prior to the outbreak of
1585:
The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy
1521:
Voyages and Visions: Towards a Cultural History of Travel
1407:
Brooks Landon (2002). "From the Steam Man to the Stars".
926:
Several subsets of military science fiction overlap with
1022:
presented a new frontier to be explored, and films like
1468:
Space and Beyond: The Frontier Theme in Science Fiction
1434:
War Stars: The Superweapon and the American Imagination
619:, more specialized fighters do exist as well. The term
371:
1495:. University of South Carolina Press. pp. 17–18.
1167:
Eugene F. Mallove and Gregory L. Matloff (June 1989).
212:
Fictional space warfare tends to borrow elements from
1685:. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland Publishing. p. 131.
1063:
1735:"Hollywood Frontiers: Outer Space and the Wild West"
1359:. Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College
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1968:
1903:
1226:
Star Wars Technical Commentaries on the Death Stars
90:
74:
32:
1764:
940:. Other examples of military space opera are the
1044:film series also took strong cues from Westerns;
1786:George Edgar Slusser and Eric S. Rabkin (1993).
1381:. Univ of South Carolina Press. pp. 55–57.
1014:supplanted them. Science-fiction series such as
759:, wherein space warfare involved the effects of
713:inspired many other writers to write stories of
998:declined in popularity in 1940s United States,
982:created one of the first space Western heroes,
572:, occasionally referred to as a heavy cruiser.
330:universe, many of the ranks of the current-day
316:uses a mixture of army and navy ranks, and the
186:of energy, or roughly the total output of the
160:Usually, lasers are used rather than bullets.
3438:
1881:
858:. Garrett P. Serviss' 1898 newspaper serial "
8:
1311:
1309:
749:, was partly a response to or a rebuttal of
334:are used in lieu of fictional ranks. In the
444:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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2378:
2212:
1972:
1888:
1874:
1866:
1323:The Cambridge Companion to Science Fiction
1250:. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 909.
1138:Andrew M. Butler (2005). "Philip K. Dick.
974:Westerns influenced early science-fiction
1402:
1400:
1398:
508:Learn how and when to remove this message
398:Learn how and when to remove this message
1763:Robert W. Bly (2005). "Atomic warfare".
1613:
1611:
1609:
1436:. Oxford University Press. p. 200.
1303:, Vol. 3, No. 3 (Nov. 1976), pp. 227–239
770:Science fiction writers from the end of
1327:. Cambridge University Press. pp.
1130:
1070:
115:is a main theme and central setting of
2632:Writers and Illustrators of the Future
1354:"Challenging Transformation's Clichés"
29:
1811:. Greenwood Press. pp. 119–130.
1212:See (e.g.) E. E. "Doc" Smith (1951),
786:'s "Arena" (1944). Opposing them are
782:'s "War against the Rull" (1959) and
7:
1491:Thomas D. Clareson (December 1992).
1270:Okuda, Michael & Denise (1997).
1140:Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?
442:adding citations to reliable sources
1543:David G. Hartwell, Kathryn Cramer,
1470:. Greenwood Press. pp. 40–41.
326:, and uses air-force ranks. In the
1850:. Strange Horizons. Archived from
1830:. Strange Horizons. Archived from
994:were also early influences. After
457:"Space warfare in science fiction"
197:Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope
174:List of fictional doomsday devices
25:
1651:"The Emancipation of Bat Durston"
200:is estimated to require 1.0 Ă— 10
133:interstellar or intergalactic war
3516:Space warfare in science fiction
3405:
3396:
3395:
1980:Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic
1085:
1073:
870:in which the human race, led by
414:
352:
216:, often calling space forces as
168:Destruction of planets and stars
1649:Lilly, Nathan E. (2009-11-30).
1523:. Reaktion Books. p. 264.
1146:. Routledge (UK). p. 113.
3357:Science and technology studies
1621:Encyclopedia of Weird Westerns
1411:. Routledge (UK). p. 70.
1244:Womack, Kenneth (2008-10-30).
835:has been given as an example.
765:United States Military Academy
556:and the titular starship from
295:fully echoes all ranks of the
1:
1733:Steinberg, Don (2011-07-22).
1706:Williams, Owen (2014-07-24).
806:' "Schwarzchild Radius," and
642:In his second-century satire
825:Strategic Defense Initiative
287:United Nations Space Command
27:Sub-genre of science fiction
3553:Fiction about space warfare
2901:Space stations and habitats
1809:Young Adult Science Fiction
1545:The Space Opera Renaissance
1142:". In David Johnson (ed.).
790:'s "First Contact" (1945),
688:The Angel of the Revolution
378:the claims made and adding
3584:
1708:"Peter Hyams Film By Film"
1590:Greenwood Publishing Group
1519:, Joan-Pau Ribiés (1999).
1432:H. Bruce Franklin (1990).
1352:Antulio J. Echevarria II.
1272:The Star Trek Encyclopedia
1231:November 28, 2006, at the
1200:Astounding Science-Fiction
1110:Weapons in science fiction
967:
919:
847:
332:United States Armed Forces
297:United States Armed Forces
259:), Systems Alliance Navy (
171:
3458:
3390:
3347:Museum of Science Fiction
3292:Christian science fiction
3256:Self-replicating machines
2215:
1975:
1792:. University of Georgia.
860:Edison's Conquest of Mars
239:-era naval warfare. The
95:
79:
3461:Military science fiction
1100:Military science fiction
922:Military science fiction
916:Military science fiction
739:of the 1930s and 1940s.
638:Development of the genre
18:Space warfare in fiction
3225:Artificial intelligence
3123:Simulated consciousness
1771:. BenBella Books, Inc.
1740:The Wall Street Journal
1301:Science Fiction Studies
839:Definitions by contrast
802:'s "The Lucky Strike,"
3563:Science fiction genres
3558:Science fiction themes
3377:Technology and society
2245:Science Fiction Museum
1555:. Introduction, p. 251
135:, has become a staple
2976:Organ transplantation
2235:Libraries and museums
2156:Cyberpunk derivatives
2110:Utopian and dystopian
1295:Swanson, Roy Arthur:
1008:Comics Code Authority
868:The War of the Worlds
710:The War of the Worlds
669:The Battle of Dorking
3568:Fictional technology
3327:Fictional technology
3322:Fictional astronauts
3179:Frankenstein complex
1681:Abbott, Jon (2006).
1626:McFarland Publishing
1618:Green, Paul (2009).
1012:Revisionist Westerns
943:Battlestar Galactica
932:Lois McMaster Bujold
885:The Skylark of Space
800:Kim Stanley Robinson
737:pulp science fiction
674:Blackwood's Magazine
605:Battlestar Galactica
558:Battlestar Galactica
438:improve this section
313:Battlestar Galactica
301:the pay-grade system
241:Federation Starfleet
3367:Speculative fiction
2961:Genetic engineering
1846:Paul Lucas (2005).
1826:Paul Lucas (2005).
566:Starship Enterprise
3453:Fictional military
3194:Message from space
3159:Ancient astronauts
3047:Parallel universes
3022:Extrasolar planets
2929:Biological warfare
2051:Parallel universes
1933:Scientific romance
1173:. Wiley. pp.
1115:Space colonization
948:Robert A. Heinlein
906:Horatio Hornblower
810:'s "Invaders." In
751:Robert A. Heinlein
726:The Land Ironclads
721:The World Set Free
699:disintegrator rays
694:The Lord of Labour
650:Lucian of Samosata
617:multirole fighters
363:possibly contains
279:United States Navy
3540:
3539:
3485:Military aircraft
3420:
3419:
3312:Alternate history
3300:
3299:
3261:Simulated reality
2991:Sex and sexuality
2944:Extraterrestrials
2863:
2862:
2690:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2427:Campbell Memorial
2204:
2203:
2073:Planetary romance
1257:978-0-313-07157-7
953:Starship Troopers
880:E. E. "Doc" Smith
776:Starship Troopers
756:Starship Troopers
665:George T. Chesney
586:fast attack craft
518:
517:
510:
492:
408:
407:
400:
365:original research
110:
109:
97:Planetary Romance
45:Kevin J. Anderson
37:Peter F. Hamilton
16:(Redirected from
3575:
3475:Doomsday devices
3447:
3440:
3433:
3424:
3409:
3399:
3398:
3237:Astroengineering
3169:Evil corporation
2896:Matrioshka brain
2874:
2813:List of TV shows
2699:
2379:
2213:
2083:Sword and planet
1973:
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1668:
1659:. Archived from
1656:Strange Horizons
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1640:
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1568:. 14 March 2015.
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1317:Brian Stableford
1313:
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1293:
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1278:: Pocket Books.
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1223:
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1188:
1164:
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1089:
1088:
1078:
1077:
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996:superhero comics
908:into space. The
812:Orson Scott Card
715:alien incursions
513:
506:
502:
499:
493:
491:
450:
418:
410:
403:
396:
392:
389:
383:
380:inline citations
356:
355:
348:
208:Naval influences
101:Sword and Planet
49:Orson Scott Card
30:
21:
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3577:
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3520:
3504:
3480:Military robots
3463:
3454:
3451:
3421:
3416:
3415:
3386:
3362:Sense of wonder
3296:
3280:
3213:
3209:Xenoarchaeology
3184:Galactic empire
3139:Africanfuturism
3127:
3096:
3000:
2915:
2859:
2799:
2778:
2742:
2682:
2641:
2404:
2398:
2370:
2264:
2200:
2150:
2127:Techno-thriller
2095:Climate fiction
2063:Science fantasy
2017:Anime and manga
1964:
1923:Anthropological
1899:
1897:Science fiction
1894:
1857:
1855:
1845:
1837:
1835:
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1806:
1800:
1785:
1779:
1762:
1759:
1757:Further reading
1754:
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1727:
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1600:
1592:. p. 888.
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1269:
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1242:
1238:
1233:Wayback Machine
1224:
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1211:
1207:
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1192:
1185:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1154:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1096:
1086:
1084:
1080:Science fiction
1072:
1064:
1062:
984:Northwest Smith
972:
966:
937:Vorkosigan Saga
924:
918:
852:
846:
841:
788:Murray Leinster
746:The Forever War
683:George Griffith
640:
514:
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435:
419:
404:
393:
387:
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369:
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176:
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117:science fiction
105:Science Fantasy
83:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3354:
3352:Rubber science
3349:
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3339:
3334:
3332:Future history
3329:
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3166:
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3154:Alien language
3151:
3149:Alien invasion
3146:
3141:
3135:
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3129:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3113:Mind uploading
3110:
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2971:Nanotechnology
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2906:Stellar engine
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2403:Literary, art,
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1598:
1582:, ed. (2005).
1580:Westfahl, Gary
1571:
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1107:
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1095:
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1082:
1061:
1058:
1032:, director of
1000:Western comics
976:pulp magazines
968:Main article:
965:
962:
950:'s 1959 novel
946:franchise and
920:Main article:
917:
914:
902:Horatio Nelson
848:Main article:
845:
842:
840:
837:
831:'s 1985 novel
792:Barry Longyear
780:A. E. van Vogt
701:and missiles.
639:
636:
601:Colonial Viper
550:Star Destroyer
546:battlecarriers
542:Wing Commander
534:battlecruisers
516:
515:
422:
420:
413:
406:
405:
360:
358:
351:
345:
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308:Colonial Fleet
209:
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172:Main article:
169:
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108:
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91:Related genres
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10:
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6:
4:
3:
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3355:
3353:
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3348:
3345:
3343:
3342:Magic realism
3340:
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3333:
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3328:
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3238:
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3228:
3227:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3220:
3218:Technological
3216:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3199:Transhumanism
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3174:First contact
3172:
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3160:
3157:
3155:
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3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
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3130:
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3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
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3109:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3101:Psychological
3099:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3072:Teleportation
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3052:Portable hole
3050:
3048:
3045:
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2878:Architectural
2875:
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2796:
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2791:
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2785:
2781:
2775:
2774:Short stories
2772:
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2598:
2597:Tähtivaeltaja
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2049:
2045:
2044:Space Western
2042:
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2037:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2029:Space warfare
2027:
2025:
2022:
2018:
2015:
2014:
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2010:
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1886:
1884:
1879:
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1872:
1871:
1868:
1854:on 2006-11-14
1853:
1849:
1844:
1834:on 2006-11-14
1833:
1829:
1824:
1820:
1818:0-313-28940-9
1814:
1810:
1805:
1801:
1799:0-8203-1533-8
1795:
1791:
1790:
1784:
1780:
1778:1-932100-48-2
1774:
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1726:
1715:
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1709:
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1699:
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1677:
1674:
1663:on 2014-03-14
1662:
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1637:
1635:9780786458004
1631:
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1599:9780313329524
1595:
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1581:
1575:
1572:
1567:
1561:
1558:
1554:
1553:0-7653-0617-4
1550:
1547:, Tor Books,
1546:
1540:
1537:
1532:
1530:1-86189-020-6
1526:
1522:
1518:
1512:
1509:
1504:
1502:0-87249-870-0
1498:
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1484:
1479:
1477:0-313-30846-2
1473:
1469:
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1453:
1450:
1445:
1443:0-19-506692-8
1439:
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1428:
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1420:
1418:0-415-93888-0
1414:
1410:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1388:1-57003-585-7
1384:
1380:
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1355:
1348:
1345:
1340:
1338:0-521-01657-6
1334:
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1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1289:
1285:
1284:0-671-53607-9
1281:
1277:
1276:New York City
1273:
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1234:
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1186:
1184:0-471-61912-4
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3144:Afrofuturism
3057:Space travel
2966:Invisibility
2934:Energy being
2911:Terraforming
2891:Dyson sphere
2886:Colonization
2818:Australasian
2711:Film history
2492:Grand Master
2028:
1856:. Retrieved
1852:the original
1836:. Retrieved
1832:the original
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645:True History
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522:World War II
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3077:Time travel
3037:Inertialess
3027:Force field
3017:Black holes
2986:Prosthetics
2848:Live-action
2617:Translation
2612:Tour-Apollo
2487:Golden Duck
2389:Jules Verne
2255:Women in SF
2220:Conventions
2105:Libertarian
2068:Dying Earth
2039:Space opera
2007:Inner space
1918:Definitions
1203:August 1939
1120:Space opera
1030:Peter Hyams
988:Buck Rogers
980:C. L. Moore
928:space opera
892:David Weber
866:version of
856:space opera
850:Space opera
844:Space opera
808:John Kessel
705:H. G. Wells
679:World War I
659:The first "
621:interceptor
544:. Instead,
526:Battleships
262:Mass Effect
229:David Weber
141:space opera
137:plot device
81:Space opera
69:Larry Niven
61:David Drake
57:David Weber
3547:Categories
3266:Spacecraft
3242:Holography
3108:Group mind
3087:Warp drive
3042:Multiverse
3032:Hyperspace
2921:Biological
2805:Television
2769:Publishers
2747:Literature
2646:Multimedia
2562:Prometheus
2497:Grand Prix
2412:Astounding
2276:Australian
2181:Dieselpunk
2146:Underwater
1945:Golden Age
1858:2007-01-31
1838:2007-01-31
1746:2014-03-15
1719:2019-07-03
1692:0786486627
1667:2014-03-14
1517:Jas Elsner
1363:2007-01-31
1126:References
1054:Mos Eisley
910:space navy
897:Honorverse
833:Privateers
796:Enemy Mine
661:future war
574:Destroyers
498:March 2024
468:newspapers
388:March 2024
372:improve it
344:Ship types
324:air forces
283:Royal Navy
271:Earthforce
265:), UNSC ("
237:Napoleonic
233:Honorverse
223:or simply
151:Technology
65:John Ringo
3532:Dictators
3285:Religious
2996:Symbiosis
2981:Parasites
2939:Evolution
2759:Magazines
2736:Tokusatsu
2517:Kitschies
2447:Deutscher
2405:and audio
2382:Cinematic
2336:Norwegian
2326:Hungarian
2286:Brazilian
2196:Steampunk
2191:Solarpunk
2164:Cyberpunk
2134:Tokusatsu
2117:Tech noir
2100:Christian
2078:Superhero
1969:Subgenres
1046:Boba Fett
1041:Star Wars
1025:Westworld
1020:Star Trek
864:Edisonade
613:Babylon 5
597:Star Wars
582:Corvettes
570:Star Trek
554:Star Wars
425:does not
376:verifying
337:Andromeda
275:Babylon 5
256:Star Wars
246:Star Trek
162:Willy Ley
128:Star Trek
122:Star Wars
75:Subgenres
3509:Military
3401:Category
3271:Tachyons
3118:Psionics
3092:Wormhole
3062:Stargate
3005:Physical
2838:Japanese
2833:European
2828:Canadian
2726:Japanese
2678:Spectrum
2658:Chandler
2592:Sunburst
2587:Sturgeon
2577:Sidewise
2567:Rhysling
2537:Nautilus
2507:Heinlein
2462:Endeavor
2417:Aurealis
2366:Yugoslav
2346:Romanian
2331:Japanese
2316:Estonian
2306:Croatian
2291:Canadian
2260:Worldcon
2230:Fanzines
2186:Nanopunk
2169:Japanese
2034:Military
2002:Grimdark
1997:Feminist
1960:Timeline
1955:New Wave
1229:Archived
1060:See also
1052:and the
1050:Han Solo
829:Ben Bova
733:jingoism
707:' novel
609:Starfury
607:and the
578:frigates
562:Cruisers
538:carriers
319:Stargate
281:and the
192:Alderaan
3490:Rayguns
3468:Weapons
3317:Fantasy
3305:Related
3276:Weapons
3251:Cyborgs
3012:Ansible
2823:British
2795:Theatre
2607:Tiptree
2582:Skylark
2527:LaĂźwitz
2512:Ignotus
2502:Harland
2477:Gaughan
2467:FantLab
2432:Chesley
2361:Spanish
2356:Serbian
2351:Russian
2301:Chinese
2296:Chilean
2281:Bengali
2250:Studies
2209:Culture
2176:Biopunk
2024:Mundane
1990:Sitcoms
1950:History
1913:Authors
1905:Outline
1066:Portals
1035:Outland
735:of the
629:Bombers
482:scholar
446:removed
431:sources
370:Please
299:, even
269:") and
180:Lensman
156:Weapons
33:Authors
3500:Swords
3411:Portal
3337:Horror
3247:Robots
3204:Uplift
3132:Social
3081:Viewer
2956:Gender
2869:Themes
2764:Novels
2754:Comics
2721:Indian
2663:Dragon
2653:Aurora
2637:Zajdel
2622:Urania
2557:Parsec
2552:Norton
2542:Nebula
2522:Lambda
2482:Geffen
2472:Galaxy
2457:Ditmar
2437:Clarke
2394:Saturn
2375:Awards
2341:Polish
2321:French
2269:Region
2225:Fandom
2122:Spy-Fi
2090:Social
2056:Isekai
1985:Comedy
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477:
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463:
455:
285:. The
225:navies
220:navies
218:space
202:joules
184:joules
3525:Other
3495:Ships
3382:Weird
3164:Black
3067:Stars
2843:Anime
2790:Opera
2783:Stage
2731:Anime
2716:Films
2695:Media
2673:Seiun
2627:Vogel
2572:SFERA
2547:Nommo
2532:Locus
2442:Crook
2311:Czech
2240:ISFDB
2139:Kaiju
2012:Mecha
1357:(PDF)
1331:–21.
1092:Space
611:from
603:from
595:from
568:from
552:from
489:JSTOR
475:books
3249:and
3189:LGBT
2949:List
2855:U.S.
2703:Film
2668:Hugo
2452:Dick
2422:BSFA
1938:Soft
1928:Hard
1813:ISBN
1794:ISBN
1773:ISBN
1687:ISBN
1630:ISBN
1594:ISBN
1549:ISBN
1525:ISBN
1497:ISBN
1472:ISBN
1438:ISBN
1413:ISBN
1383:ISBN
1333:ISBN
1280:ISBN
1252:ISBN
1179:ISBN
1148:ISBN
1018:and
1002:and
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576:and
532:and
461:news
429:any
427:cite
328:Halo
292:Halo
267:Halo
143:and
125:and
2602:TBD
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440:by
374:by
310:in
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188:sun
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