353:
553:(28 ppt), and temperatures range from 25 to 33 °C (77 to 91 °F). Younger sharks are generally found further upstream than older ones. A study that tracked three individuals in the Adelaide River reported that they moved upstream with the flooding tide and downstream with the ebbing tide, averaging 10–12 km (6.2–7.5 mi) each way. The average swimming depth was determined for one individual to be 7.7 m (25 ft), in the middle of the
75:
824:. Furthermore, in Australia, it has been listed as critically endangered on the 1999 Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act. The speartooth shark is within the scope of the Sawfish and river shark multispecies recovery plan made under the EPBC Act. It has also been listed as vulnerable on the 2000 Territory Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act, though a management plan has yet to be enacted. Sharks in the Kakadu and
31:
221:
581:(protective third eyelids). The sizable, arched mouth has very short furrows at the corners. It has 26–29 upper and 27–29 lower tooth rows. The teeth are tall and upright; those in the upper jaw are wide and triangular with serrated edges, while those in the lower jaw are narrow and spear-like with serrations only near the tip, and tiny cusplets at the base in very young individuals. There are five pairs of
50:
736:, with newborns measuring around 50–59 cm (20–23 in) long. Upon being captured a female gave birth to a single fully developed pup, about 65 cm (2.13 ft) long, and anecdotal information indicates a litter size of six to seven. The growth rate of young sharks is probably around 19 cm (7.5 in) per year.
617:
bearing three or five horizontal ridges leading to marginal teeth. This species is plain slate-gray above, including the upper surfaces of the pectoral and pelvic fins, and the caudal fin; the underside is white. The boundary between dark and light runs through the bottom rim of the eye, through the
576:
Without any known adult specimens, the maximum size of this species has historically been labelled with considerable uncertainty. In 2014, the first known adults were documented and on this basis it reaches a length around 2.6 m (8.5 ft). The speartooth shark has a streamlined, rather
618:
gill slits, over the flank well above the pelvic fins, and onto the upper caudal fin lobe. The fins darken towards the posterior margins, forming a black edge on the upper caudal fin lobe; each pectoral fin also has a black blotch underneath, near the tip. The eyes are ringed in white.
557:. Adults were entirely unknown until 2014, when three specimens (two males and one female) were documented by scientists visiting fishing villages on Daru island, Papua New Guinea. All three were caught in coastal waters off the island. No evidence exists of segregation by sex.
744:
The speartooth shark is not known to pose a danger to humans. Extremely rare like other river sharks, its global population has been estimated to number no more than 2,500 mature individuals, with no more than 250 in any subpopulation. This species is
626:
The speartooth shark seems to be relatively sluggish in nature, moving with the tides so as to conserve energy. Its activity levels are unaffected by day or night, reflecting the constant darkness of its environment. Small eyes and abundant
285:
near the tip. Another identifying trait is its teeth, which are large, triangular, and serrated in the upper jaw and narrow, spear-like, and serrated only near the tips in the lower jaw. Adults grow to about 2.6 m (8.5 ft) long.
612:
is asymmetrical; the lower lobe is narrow and well-developed, while the upper lobe has a gently convex upper margin and a prominent notch in the ventral margin near the tip. The body is covered by small, overlapping oval-shaped
577:
robust body with a short, wide head. The snout is flattened, with large nostrils divided into incurrent and excurrent openings by large, triangular flaps of skin. The eyes are small and equipped with
769:) gillnet fishery in Queensland (barramundi fisheries in New South Wales have been prohibited from rivers occupied by this species since 2005). Significant numbers are also taken by
9188:
9193:
9019:
817:
341:
9058:
635:
than sight to hunt, while the large second dorsal fin enhances its ability to maneuver at slow speeds in fast currents. It has slender teeth adept for catching
1148:
White, W.T.; S.A. Appleyard; B. Sabub; P.M. Kyne; M. Harris; R. Lis; L. Baje; T. Usu; J.J. Smart; S. Corrigan; L. Yang & G.J.P. Naylor (7 October 2015).
9183:
1308:
9138:
8993:
1338:
9032:
2113:
972:
sp. nov., a new species of river shark (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae) from northern
Australia and Papua New Guinea, with a redescription of
568:, the first time ever documented living in that area, there was enough living specimens for a viable population and keeping the species alive.
9173:
9153:
1023:. Species Profile and Threats Database, Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Canberra. Retrieved on 13 September 2010.
9148:
9071:
1121:
985:
9168:
9097:
828:
are protected somewhat from habitat alteration, if not fishing. No regulations restrict the capture of this species in Papua New Guinea.
825:
9158:
997:
947:
600:
originates over the pectoral fin insertions, and is broadly triangular with a narrow apex and a concave trailing margin. The second
9110:
4496:
4427:
604:
measures about 67–77% as tall as the first and is similar in shape; there is no midline ridge between the dorsal fins. The
732:
connection through which the mother delivers nourishment. Birthing seems to occur from
October to December, near the end of the
9178:
6560:
2781:
1284:
712:
spine were found embedded in the jaws of the only documented adult female. As in other requiem sharks, the speartooth shark is
7458:
5728:
4460:
9037:
4845:
812:
The range of conservation threats faced by the speartooth shark, coupled with its small population and restricted range and
277:. This robustly built, gray-colored shark is characterized by a short and broad snout, tiny eyes, a relatively large second
8795:
8664:
7467:
2999:
1331:
368:
210:
608:
is almost as large as the second dorsal fin and lies slightly behind; it has a deep notch in the posterior margin. The
9102:
8941:
8915:
7090:
5647:
4670:
4385:
4288:
2448:
2328:
2106:
1017:
9063:
7906:
6821:
4532:
3865:
3438:
2010:
1571:
449:. Thus, in Australia, this shark may also be referred to as the Bizant river shark or the Queensland river shark.
8267:
8183:
7870:
6527:
6509:
5826:
5817:
5769:
5760:
4827:
4793:
4775:
4757:
4721:
4679:
4149:
3856:
3829:
3555:
3078:
3069:
2439:
2430:
2001:
1974:
1688:
1254:
269:. Despite being a member of the river shark genus, it is also found in near-shore marine waters, favoring highly
1076:
74:
9163:
9143:
8562:
8508:
8126:
7879:
7816:
7771:
7710:
7667:
6812:
6536:
6491:
5638:
4811:
4748:
4730:
4550:
4304:
3874:
3017:
2019:
364:
206:
8472:
8456:
8360:
8159:
8150:
7807:
7753:
6738:
6729:
6675:
5793:
5602:
5144:
4329:
4000:
3838:
3094:
2954:
2268:
2052:
1983:
1501:
1324:
352:
8933:
8855:
8300:
7924:
7888:
7798:
7789:
7746:
7728:
7685:
7298:
7247:
6576:
6432:
6423:
5593:
5348:
5339:
5261:
5108:
4836:
4478:
4418:
3465:
3060:
3008:
2277:
2099:
1598:
1216:"Observations on the distribution, biology, short-term movements and habitat requirements of river sharks
677:
8946:
686:
8779:
8752:
8691:
8580:
8327:
7942:
7915:
7780:
7719:
7229:
7211:
6693:
6207:
5802:
5393:
5375:
5357:
4887:
4514:
4313:
4264:
4201:
4167:
4070:
3763:
3634:
3185:
3112:
3026:
2990:
2972:
2790:
2310:
2301:
1908:
1836:
1779:
1036:
Peverell, S.C.; G.R. McPherson; R.N. Garrett & N.A. Gribble (2006). "New records of the River Shark
628:
189:
1215:
300:, the speartooth shark is adapted for hunting in near-complete darkness. It is not as active as other
9115:
8967:
8902:
8893:
8822:
8737:
8673:
8465:
8336:
8049:
7834:
7676:
7515:
7377:
7368:
6881:
6854:
6610:
6518:
6482:
6343:
6334:
5656:
4950:
4914:
4622:
4469:
4376:
4246:
4131:
3847:
3616:
3501:
3042:
2963:
2623:
2605:
2516:
2507:
2481:
2319:
1992:
1761:
1697:
1634:
1510:
1161:
806:
770:
578:
325:
695:
437:
remained the sole known record of the speartooth shark until specimens of the "Bizant river shark" (
8743:
8727:
8535:
8234:
8067:
7897:
7861:
7703:
7265:
7256:
7238:
7220:
7099:
6651:
6642:
6585:
6473:
6021:
5620:
5279:
5270:
4905:
4766:
4595:
4577:
4559:
4505:
4451:
4336:
4255:
4061:
4036:
3993:
3986:
3922:
3913:
3483:
3167:
3143:
3134:
3051:
2927:
2911:
2865:
2757:
2748:
2659:
2614:
2365:
2356:
2346:
2076:
2067:
1616:
1255:"Rare and threatened shark found in the Roper River for the first time | Charles Darwin University"
875:
782:
329:
39:
1150:"Rediscovery of the Threatened River Sharks, Glyphis garricki and G. glyphis, in Papua New Guinea"
523:
483:
445:, William White, and Peter Last confirmed initial suspicions that "sp. A" was the same species as
8770:
8761:
8700:
8682:
8655:
8646:
8544:
8276:
8117:
8076:
8058:
7951:
7933:
7852:
7843:
7825:
7762:
7694:
7524:
7449:
7184:
7072:
6872:
6830:
6747:
6702:
6601:
6569:
6361:
6030:
5629:
5402:
5153:
5099:
5066:
4992:
4712:
4604:
4541:
4523:
4487:
4297:
4219:
4210:
4194:
4176:
4077:
4043:
3977:
3643:
3176:
3035:
2981:
2945:
2817:
2808:
2799:
2406:
2397:
2220:
2211:
1743:
821:
750:
565:
499:
495:
470:
to hundreds of kilometers upstream; a single possible record from the South China Sea exists. In
337:
321:
69:
54:
9024:
654:
491:
9084:
8954:
8813:
8804:
8788:
8718:
8526:
8410:
8216:
8135:
7975:
7966:
7737:
7621:
7561:
7552:
7316:
7307:
7202:
7063:
7054:
7045:
6863:
6771:
6762:
6711:
6684:
6500:
6408:
6399:
6216:
6183:
5997:
5611:
5384:
5321:
5171:
5126:
4932:
4878:
4802:
4703:
4646:
4637:
4568:
4228:
4185:
4158:
4122:
4113:
4095:
4086:
3420:
3194:
2936:
2883:
2874:
2668:
2472:
2182:
1553:
1391:
1189:
1117:
993:
981:
943:
515:
146:
316:
connection to their young, though details are unknown. The speartooth shark is threatened by
9089:
8517:
8490:
8481:
8419:
8243:
7639:
7612:
7603:
7289:
7081:
7021:
7012:
6720:
6174:
5896:
5366:
5297:
5252:
5237:
5162:
4923:
4869:
4322:
4104:
4052:
4027:
3667:
3658:
3384:
3121:
3103:
3087:
2641:
2596:
2558:
1803:
1794:
1517:
1234:
1179:
1169:
1049:
870:
790:
758:
704:
632:
507:
442:
412:
247:
30:
9050:
708:. Very little is known about the feeding habits of adults, but many bony fish spines and a
541:, such as that <1% of sunlight penetrates beyond a depth of 1 m (3.3 ft). The
336:
requirements, this species is highly susceptible to these pressures and has been listed as
8553:
8318:
8040:
7585:
7353:
7344:
6592:
6253:
6244:
6234:
6100:
6091:
6081:
5914:
5905:
5438:
5288:
5204:
5195:
5135:
4968:
4442:
3898:
3889:
3739:
3730:
3528:
3519:
3429:
3411:
3330:
3303:
3294:
2497:
2244:
2235:
2043:
1884:
1875:
1679:
1661:
1652:
1562:
1544:
1447:
1420:
1411:
940:
Sharks of the World: An
Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date
794:
614:
388:
220:
8907:
1165:
8920:
8571:
8369:
8225:
8207:
7630:
7576:
7175:
7152:
7108:
6803:
6789:
6450:
6300:
6118:
5883:
5873:
5688:
5575:
5565:
5550:
5447:
5411:
5180:
5117:
5043:
5034:
5010:
5001:
4983:
4959:
4941:
4896:
4820:
4784:
4739:
4661:
4409:
4394:
4140:
4018:
4009:
3811:
3691:
3682:
3546:
3474:
3456:
3321:
2709:
2700:
2581:
2572:
2540:
2531:
2160:
2154:
1956:
1827:
1607:
1589:
1438:
1379:
1373:
1348:
1184:
1149:
682:
503:
487:
407:
126:
116:
9132:
9045:
8499:
8447:
8192:
8108:
7999:
7990:
7594:
7425:
7416:
7036:
6464:
5960:
5951:
5941:
5719:
5710:
5700:
5518:
5509:
5075:
5050:
5019:
4586:
4369:
4360:
4345:
4237:
3715:
3706:
3510:
3375:
3366:
3312:
3268:
3221:
3203:
2841:
2832:
2463:
2421:
2383:
1860:
1851:
1643:
1492:
1483:
1429:
1280:
861:
852:
798:
645:
475:
434:
395:
301:
250:
156:
59:
976:(Müller & Henle, 1839)". In Last, P.R.; W.T. White & J.J. Pogonoski (eds.).
8959:
8401:
8174:
7542:
7401:
7392:
7193:
7166:
7140:
6845:
6551:
6285:
6137:
6128:
6054:
5500:
5490:
5475:
5429:
5330:
5312:
5228:
3607:
3402:
3357:
3348:
3339:
3285:
2898:
2856:
2733:
2724:
2197:
1752:
1535:
1474:
1465:
1456:
1402:
589:
554:
426:
421:
384:
282:
915:
Roberts, T. R. (21 May 2007). "A new record for the speartooth carcharhinid shark
1174:
9006:
8887:
8637:
8627:
8612:
8094:
7491:
7482:
6955:
6946:
6936:
6918:
6909:
6899:
6666:
6384:
6375:
6319:
6310:
5923:
5858:
5057:
3772:
3594:
3579:
3570:
3537:
3492:
3393:
2918:
2772:
1917:
1734:
1719:
1710:
1670:
1625:
1526:
774:
561:
546:
518:
may also be of this species. In New Guinea, this species has been reported from
479:
243:
166:
8878:
1316:
851:
Kyne, P.M.; Rigby, C.L.; Darwall, W.R.T.; Grant, I.; Simpfendorfer, C. (2021).
592:
have strongly convex leading and concave trailing margins, and blunt tips. The
8709:
8309:
7654:
7506:
7334:
6198:
6165:
6155:
5584:
5420:
5090:
4860:
4613:
3968:
3820:
3796:
3787:
3447:
2686:
2650:
2292:
2259:
2148:
1965:
1941:
1932:
1580:
1053:
762:
733:
713:
691:
660:
640:
609:
601:
597:
593:
471:
309:
297:
278:
266:
383:
juvenile female 1 m (3.3 ft) long, of unknown origin (possibly the
8387:
8291:
8258:
6628:
6063:
5784:
5746:
5219:
4279:
3754:
2632:
2034:
1899:
1818:
786:
673:
636:
582:
538:
527:
511:
392:
380:
293:
262:
86:
1193:
797:
from mining activities, while proposed mining and dredging projects in the
1095:. CSIRO Marine Research, Hobart, Tasmania. Retrieved on 13 September 2010.
533:
Newborn to subadult speartooth sharks exclusively inhabit areas with fast
8980:
8872:
8031:
8017:
7440:
7002:
6987:
5988:
5978:
3951:
3237:
2142:
1367:
1293:
1214:
Pillans, R.D.; J.D. Stevens; P.M. Kyne & J. Salini (25 August 2009).
1040:(Carcharhinidae) reported from Cape York Peninsula, northern Australia".
778:
729:
725:
709:
605:
550:
542:
463:
313:
290:
274:
258:
106:
8998:
8434:
3158:
2091:
813:
802:
754:
746:
669:
467:
333:
317:
9011:
8985:
466:-lined tropical rivers in northern Australia and New Guinea, from the
8928:
8351:
7280:
6012:
4694:
2136:
1361:
1239:
717:
403:
270:
96:
8849:
1116:(second ed.). Harvard University Press. p. 276–277.
1016:
Department of the
Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (2010).
6045:
2166:
2123:
1385:
700:
649:
462:
Juvenile and subadult speartooth sharks are found in a few large,
351:
136:
8972:
420:
to encompass the river sharks did not gain wide acceptance until
9076:
721:
665:
643:, mostly on or near the bottom. Known prey of juveniles include
534:
519:
305:
254:
8853:
8609:
7137:
6984:
6282:
5855:
5685:
5547:
5472:
3947:
3264:
2179:
2095:
1320:
441:
sp. A) were caught in
Australia in 1982. Subsequently, work by
846:
844:
842:
840:
332:. Given its small population, restricted range, and stringent
537:
currents and muddy bottoms; the flowing water produces heavy
980:. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research. pp. 203–226.
942:. Food and Agricultural Organization. pp. 506–509.
785:
represents a third threat to the speartooth shark: the
596:
are triangular with nearly straight margins. The first
968:
Compagno, L.J.V.; W.T. White & P.R. Last (2008). "
560:
Recently in 2024 a new population where found in the
8862:
8635:
8626:
8432:
8399:
8386:
8349:
8289:
8256:
8205:
8172:
8148:
8106:
8093:
8029:
8016:
7988:
7964:
7652:
7574:
7550:
7541:
7504:
7480:
7438:
7414:
7390:
7366:
7342:
7333:
7278:
7164:
7151:
7034:
7010:
7001:
6944:
6935:
6907:
6898:
6843:
6801:
6788:
6760:
6664:
6640:
6627:
6549:
6462:
6449:
6421:
6397:
6373:
6360:
6332:
6308:
6299:
6242:
6233:
6196:
6163:
6154:
6126:
6117:
6089:
6080:
6043:
6010:
5986:
5977:
5949:
5940:
5881:
5872:
5815:
5782:
5758:
5745:
5708:
5699:
5573:
5564:
5498:
5489:
5310:
5250:
5217:
5193:
5088:
5032:
4981:
4858:
4692:
4659:
4635:
4440:
4407:
4358:
4277:
3966:
3911:
3887:
3809:
3785:
3752:
3728:
3704:
3680:
3656:
3592:
3568:
3283:
3236:
3220:
3156:
3132:
2896:
2854:
2830:
2770:
2746:
2722:
2698:
2685:
2594:
2570:
2557:
2529:
2505:
2496:
2461:
2419:
2395:
2382:
2354:
2345:
2290:
2257:
2233:
2209:
2196:
2065:
2032:
1954:
1930:
1897:
1873:
1849:
1816:
1792:
1732:
1708:
1400:
1309:Sawfish and river shark multispecies recovery plan
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1075:Stevens, J.D., R.D. Pillans and J. Salini (2005).
1209:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1031:
1029:
963:
961:
959:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
777:. Captured sharks might be eaten, used to bait
308:currents so as to save energy. Reproduction is
1143:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1133:
978:Descriptions of new Australian Chondrichthyans
876:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T39379A68624306.en
818:International Union for Conservation of Nature
585:, with the first pair longer than the others.
342:International Union for Conservation of Nature
2107:
1332:
371:originally described the speartooth shark as
8:
921:Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society
356:Müller and Henle's original illustration of
899:Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen
377:Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen
9189:Taxa named by Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle
8850:
8632:
8623:
8606:
8396:
8103:
8026:
7547:
7339:
7161:
7148:
7134:
7007:
6998:
6981:
6941:
6904:
6798:
6637:
6459:
6370:
6305:
6296:
6279:
6239:
6160:
6123:
6086:
5983:
5946:
5878:
5869:
5852:
5755:
5705:
5696:
5682:
5570:
5561:
5544:
5495:
5486:
5469:
3963:
3944:
3280:
3261:
2695:
2567:
2502:
2392:
2351:
2206:
2193:
2176:
2114:
2100:
2092:
1339:
1325:
1317:
1311:. Department of the Environment, Canberra.
219:
48:
29:
20:
1238:
1183:
1173:
910:
908:
897:Müller, J. & F.G.J. Henle (1838–41).
874:
545:level of these waters range from nearly
253:. It inhabits coastal marine waters and
1012:
1010:
1008:
1006:
836:
631:suggest that this shark relies more on
1307:Department of the Environment (2015).
1112:Last, P.R. & J.D. Stevens (2009).
304:, moving upstream and downstream with
7:
919:from Pulo Condor, South China Sea".
9194:Taxa named by Johannes Peter Müller
862:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
9184:Species endangered by habitat loss
4497:Australian reticulate swellshark (
4428:Australian blackspotted catshark (
281:, and a black blotch beneath each
273:environments over a wide range of
14:
6561:Indonesian speckled carpetshark (
2782:Deepwater sicklefin hound shark (
1000:(invalid, listed in publication).
9139:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
7459:South China cookiecutter shark (
5729:Southern African frilled shark (
4461:Circle-blotch pygmy swellshark (
379:. They based their account on a
73:
8796:Western Australian angelshark (
8665:Eastern Australian angelshark (
7468:Largetooth cookiecutter shark (
4846:Springer's sawtail cat shark (
3000:Spotted estuary smooth-hound (
1160:(published online): e0140075.
1085:sp. C (Northern River Shark),
793:has been severely affected by
373:Carcharias (Prionodon) glyphis
358:Carcharias (Prionodon) glyphis
228:Range of the speartooth shark
1:
9174:Endangered fauna of Australia
9154:Freshwater fish of New Guinea
7091:Eastern Australian sawshark (
5648:Whitespotted bullhead shark (
4671:Australian sawtail catshark (
4386:Australian marbled catshark (
4289:Australian spotted catshark (
2449:African ribbontail catshark (
2329:Straight-tooth weasel shark (
1233:(published online): 321–332.
9149:Freshwater fish of Australia
7907:Velvet belly lantern shark (
6822:Taiwan saddled carpetshark (
4758:Longnose sawtail cat shark (
4722:Atlantic sawtail cat shark (
4533:Leopard-spotted swellshark (
3866:Australian sharpnose shark (
3439:Smoothtooth blacktip shark (
2011:Australian sharpnose shark (
1572:Smoothtooth blacktip shark (
1175:10.1371/journal.pone.0140075
1114:Sharks and Rays of Australia
901:. Veit und Comp. p. 40.
9169:Endangered fauna of Oceania
8268:Smallmouth velvet dogfish (
8184:Largespine velvet dogfish (
7871:Dense-scale lantern shark (
6528:Whitespotted bamboo shark (
5827:Broadnose sevengill shark (
5770:Sharpnose sevengill shark (
4828:Blacktip sawtail catshark (
4794:Broadfin sawtail catshark (
4776:Southern sawtail catshark (
4731:Longfin sawtail cat shark (
4680:Northern sawtail catshark (
4150:Black roughscale catshark (
3857:Caribbean sharpnose shark (
3830:Brazilian sharpnose shark (
3556:Australian blacktip shark (
3079:Blackspotted smooth-hound (
3070:Whitespotted smooth-hound (
2440:Pygmy ribbontail catshark (
2431:Cuban ribbontail catshark (
2002:Caribbean sharpnose shark (
1975:Brazilian sharpnose shark (
1689:Australian blacktip shark (
1227:Endangered Species Research
1220:spp. in northern Australia"
1077:Conservation Assessment of
391:). In 1843, Swiss-American
9210:
8563:Western longnose spurdog (
8509:Eastern longnose spurdog (
8127:Shortnose velvet dogfish (
7880:West Indian lanternshark (
7817:Slendertail lanternshark (
7772:Broadbanded lanternshark (
7711:Cylindrical lanternshark (
7668:New Zealand lanternshark (
6813:Barbelthroat carpetshark (
6537:Brownbanded bamboo shark (
6492:Bluespotted bamboo shark (
5639:Galapagos bullhead shark (
5067:African spotted catshark (
4812:African sawtail catshark (
4749:Slender sawtail catshark (
4551:Sarawak pygmy swellshark (
4305:Western spotted catshark (
3875:Atlantic sharpnose shark (
3018:Starspotted smooth-hound (
2020:Atlantic sharpnose shark (
1081:sp. A (Speartooth Shark),
816:preferences, have led the
510:. The river sharks in the
8622:
8605:
8473:Western highfin spurdog (
8457:Eastern highfin spurdog (
8361:Japanese velvet dogfish (
8160:Longnose velvet dogfish (
7808:Blackbelly lanternshark (
7754:Blackmouth lanternshark (
7147:
7133:
7093:Pristiophorus peroniensis
6997:
6980:
6730:Dwarf spotted wobbegong (
6676:Floral banded wobbegong (
6295:
6278:
5868:
5851:
5794:Bluntnose sixgill shark (
5695:
5681:
5603:Japanese bullhead shark (
5560:
5543:
5485:
5468:
4001:Atlantic ghost catshark (
3962:
3943:
3839:Pacific sharpnose shark (
3279:
3260:
3245:Large family listed below
3229:Large family listed below
3095:Narrownose smooth-hound (
2955:Sharptooth smooth-hound (
2269:Australian weasel shark (
2192:
2175:
2131:
2053:Pacific spadenose shark (
1984:Pacific sharpnose shark (
1502:Pacific smalltail shark (
1356:
1297:. September 2010 version.
1089:(Freshwater Sawfish) and
1054:10.11646/zootaxa.1233.1.2
938:Compagno, L.J.V. (1984).
375:, in their 1839–41
312:, with females forming a
227:
218:
195:
188:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
9159:Brackish water organisms
8301:Southern sleeper shark (
7925:Tasmanian lanternshark (
7889:Fringefin lanternshark (
7799:Smalleye lantern shark (
7790:Caribbean lanternshark (
7729:Combtooth lanternshark (
7686:Shorttail lanternshark (
7299:Rough longnose dogfish (
7248:Leafscale gulper shark (
6794:(Collared carpet sharks)
6577:Papuan epaulette shark (
6510:Hasselt's bamboo shark (
6433:Short-tail nurse shark (
5594:Crested bullhead shark (
5349:Yellowspotted catshark (
5340:Small-spotted catshark (
5262:Narrowmouthed catshark (
5109:White-clasper catshark (
4837:Dwarf sawtail catshark (
4479:Reticulated swellshark (
4419:New Caledonia catshark (
3466:Oceanic whitetip shark (
3061:Narrowfin smooth-hound (
3009:Sicklefin smooth-hound (
2278:Sicklefin weasel shark (
1599:Oceanic whitetip shark (
1283:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
1021:– Speartooth Shark
781:, or discarded on land.
458:Distribution and habitat
8780:Smoothback angelshark (
8753:Indonesian angelshark (
8692:Australian angelshark (
8581:Pacific spiny dogfish (
8328:Pacific sleeper shark (
7943:Hawaiian lanternshark (
7916:Splendid lanternshark (
7781:Southern lanternshark (
7720:Tailspot lanternshark (
7230:Smallfin gulper shark (
7212:Blackfin gulper shark (
6208:Smalltooth sand tiger (
5803:Bigeyed sixgill shark (
5394:Whitesaddled catshark (
5376:Brownspotted catshark (
5358:West African catshark (
4888:Blackspotted catshark (
4515:Australian swellshark (
4314:Pale spotted catshark (
4265:Panama ghost catshark (
4202:Spatulasnout catshark (
4168:Smalldorsal cat shark (
3764:Sicklefin lemon shark (
3635:Irrawaddy river shark (
3186:Sharptooth houndshark (
3113:Humpback smooth-hound (
3027:Speckled smooth-hound (
2991:Smalleye smooth-hound (
2973:Spotless smooth-hound (
2791:Sicklefin hound shark (
2311:Atlantic weasel shark (
2302:Whitetip weasel shark (
1909:Sicklefin lemon shark (
1837:Borneo broadfin shark (
1780:Irrawaddy river shark (
826:Rinyirru National Parks
720:exhausts its supply of
502:, it is known from the
486:, and perhaps also the
402:for this species and a
398:proposed the new genus
242:) is a rare species of
9179:Fish described in 1839
8823:Ocellated angelshark (
8798:Squatina pseudocellata
8674:Argentine angelshark (
8337:Little sleeper shark (
8050:Caribbean roughshark (
7835:African lanternshark (
7677:Blurred lanternshark (
7516:Smalleye pygmy shark (
7378:Longnose pygmy shark (
6882:Necklace carpetshark (
6855:Collared carpetshark (
6611:Speckled carpetshark (
6519:Slender bamboo shark (
6483:Burmese bamboo shark (
6344:Bluegrey carpetshark (
5657:Zebra bullhead shark (
4915:New Zealand catshark (
4623:Narrowbar swellshark (
4377:Banded sand catshark (
4247:South China catshark (
4132:Broadmouth cat shark (
3848:Grey sharpnose shark (
3617:Northern river shark (
3502:Caribbean reef shark (
3043:Arabian smooth-hound (
2964:Striped smooth-hound (
2624:Scalloped hammerhead (
2606:Scalloped bonnethead (
2517:Slender smooth-hound (
2320:Slender weasel shark (
1993:Grey sharpnose shark (
1762:Northern river shark (
1635:Caribbean reef shark (
716:: when the developing
678:Polydactylus macrochir
416:. However, the use of
360:
326:recreational fisheries
8744:Japanese angelshark (
8728:Angular angel shark (
8667:Squatina albipunctata
8536:Blacktailed spurdog (
8235:Sparsetooth dogfish (
8068:Japanese roughshark (
7898:Thorny lanternshark (
7862:Smooth lanternshark (
7266:Little gulper shark (
7257:Mosaic gulper shark (
7239:Taiwan gulper shark (
7221:Lowfin gulper shark (
7100:Philippine sawshark (
6652:Tasselled wobbegong (
6474:Arabian carpetshark (
6022:Shortfin mako shark (
5621:Oman bullhead shark (
5280:Narrowtail catshark (
5271:Redspotted catshark (
5145:McMillan's catshark (
4906:Broadhead cat shark (
4767:Blackmouth catshark (
4578:Speckled swellshark (
4560:Flagtail swellshark (
4506:Draughtsboard shark (
4452:Whitefin swellshark (
4337:Variegated catshark (
4256:Spongehead catshark (
4062:Smallbelly catshark (
3923:Whitetip reef shark (
3484:Blacktip reef shark (
3168:Sharpfin houndshark (
3144:Flapnose houndshark (
3052:Common smooth-hound (
2928:Starry smooth-hound (
2866:Longnose houndshark (
2758:Sailback houndshark (
2660:Smalleye hammerhead (
2615:Whitefin hammerhead (
2366:Barbeled houndshark (
2077:Whitetip reef shark (
1617:Blacktip reef shark (
869:: e.T39379A68624306.
809:are also of concern.
629:ampullae of Lorenzini
579:nictitating membranes
355:
8771:Clouded angelshark (
8701:Pacific angelshark (
8683:Chilean angelshark (
8656:African angelshark (
8647:Sawback angelshark (
8545:Shortspine spurdog (
8277:Knifetooth dogfish (
8118:Portuguese dogfish (
8077:Sailfin roughshark (
8059:Angular roughshark (
7952:Green lanternshark (
7934:Brown lanternshark (
7853:False lanternshark (
7844:Great lanternshark (
7826:Dwarf lanternshark (
7763:Pygmy lanternshark (
7695:Lined lanternshark (
7525:Spined pygmy shark (
7450:Cookiecutter shark (
7185:Dwarf gulper shark (
7073:Shortnose sawshark (
6873:Ginger carpetshark (
6831:Saddle carpetshark (
6748:Northern wobbegong (
6703:Japanese wobbegong (
6602:Hooded carpetshark (
6031:Longfin mako shark (
5630:Port Jackson shark (
5181:Shorttail catshark (
5154:Blackgill catshark (
5100:White-tip catshark (
4993:Puffadder shyshark (
4713:Roughtail catshark (
4605:Saddled swellshark (
4596:Blotchy swellshark (
4542:Painted swellshark (
4524:Spotted swellshark (
4488:Formosa swellshark (
4220:Broadgill catshark (
4211:Deepwater catshark (
4177:Largenose catshark (
4078:Broadnose catshark (
4044:Humpback cat shark (
3978:Flatnose cat shark (
3644:Borneo river shark (
3177:Spotted houndshark (
2982:Brown smooth-hound (
2946:Dusky smooth-hound (
2818:Ocellate topeshark (
2809:Whitefin topeshark (
2800:Japanese topeshark (
2407:Harlequin catshark (
2221:Snaggletooth shark (
1744:Borneo river shark (
807:Kakadu National Park
771:recreational anglers
751:commercial fisheries
549:(0.8 ppt) to nearly
424:'s 1982 revision of
8825:S. tergocellatoides
8814:Ornate angelshark (
8762:Cortez angelshark (
8719:Taiwan angelshark (
8527:Shortnose spurdog (
8411:Roughskin spurdog (
8217:Whitetail dogfish (
8136:Roughskin dogfish (
7976:Rasptooth dogfish (
7855:E. pseudosqualiolus
7738:Pink lanternshark (
7622:Combtooth dogfish (
7562:Hooktooth dogfish (
7317:Longsnout dogfish (
7308:Arrowhead dogfish (
7203:Dumb gulper shark (
7111:Pristiophorus sp. D
7102:Pristiophorus sp. C
7064:Japanese sawshark (
7055:Tropical sawshark (
7046:Longnose sawshark (
6988:Pristiophoriformes
6864:Rusty carpetshark (
6772:Cobbler wobbegong (
6739:Network wobbegong (
6712:Spotted wobbegong (
6694:Western wobbegong (
6501:Grey bamboo shark (
6494:C. caerulopunctatum
6424:Pseudoginglymostoma
6409:Tawny nurse shark (
6217:Bigeye sand tiger (
6184:Indian sand tiger (
5998:Great white shark (
5612:Mexican hornshark (
5403:Blotched catshark (
5385:Freckled catshark (
5322:Polkadot catshark (
5172:Filetail catshark (
5127:Campeche catshark (
4933:Spotless catshark (
4879:Speckled catshark (
4803:Peppered catshark (
4704:Antilles catshark (
4647:Lollipop catshark (
4569:Indian swellshark (
4470:Cook's swellshark (
4229:Saldanha catshark (
4186:Smallfin catshark (
4159:Smalleye catshark (
4123:Flathead catshark (
4114:Longhead catshark (
4096:Longnose catshark (
4087:Japanese catshark (
3421:Pondicherry shark (
3324:C. amblyrhynchoides
3195:Banded houndshark (
2937:Gray smooth-hound (
2884:Lowfin houndshark (
2875:Bigeye houndshark (
2669:Smooth hammerhead (
2563:(Hammerhead sharks)
2473:Graceful catshark (
1554:Pondicherry shark (
1441:C. amblyrhynchoides
1166:2015PLoSO..1040075W
783:Habitat degradation
747:caught incidentally
687:Prionobutis microps
622:Biology and ecology
474:, it occurs in the
433:Müller and Henle's
330:habitat degradation
261:rivers in northern
246:, belonging to the
40:Conservation status
8518:Japanese spurdog (
8491:Fatspine spurdog (
8482:Longnose spurdog (
8420:Mandarin dogfish (
8244:Sherwood dogfish (
7640:Whitefin dogfish (
7613:Bareskin dogfish (
7604:Granular dogfish (
7290:Birdbeak dogfish (
7082:Bahamas sawshark (
7022:Sixgill sawshark (
6875:P. sparsimaculatum
6721:Ornate wobbegong (
6685:Banded wobbegong (
6362:Ginglymostomatidae
6235:Pseudocarchariidae
6175:Grey nurse shark (
5897:Pelagic thresher (
5701:Chlamydoselachidae
5551:Heterodontiformes
5476:Echinorhiniformes
5367:Comoro cat shark (
5298:Slender catshark (
5238:Leopard catshark (
5163:Salamander shark (
4924:Bristly catshark (
4870:Arabian catshark (
4105:Iceland catshark (
4053:Longfin catshark (
4028:Flaccid catshark (
3668:Daggernose shark (
3626:Speartooth shark (
3385:Whitecheek shark (
3104:Gulf smoothhound (
2642:Great hammerhead (
2183:Carcharhiniformes
1804:Daggernose shark (
1771:Speartooth shark (
1518:Whitecheek shark (
1261:. 19 February 2024
740:Human interactions
566:Northern Territory
500:Northern Territory
363:German biologists
361:
318:incidental capture
9126:
9125:
9085:Open Tree of Life
8856:Taxon identifiers
8847:
8846:
8843:
8842:
8839:
8838:
8835:
8834:
8616:
8601:
8600:
8597:
8596:
8593:
8592:
8554:Bartail spurdog (
8382:
8381:
8319:Greenland shark (
8089:
8088:
8041:Prickly dogfish (
8012:
8011:
7731:E. decacuspidatus
7586:Highfin dogfish (
7537:
7536:
7354:Taillight shark (
7329:
7328:
7319:D. quadrispinosum
7187:C. atromarginatus
7129:
7128:
7125:
7124:
7121:
7120:
6991:
6976:
6975:
6972:
6971:
6968:
6967:
6931:
6930:
6894:
6893:
6784:
6783:
6732:O. parvimaculatus
6623:
6622:
6593:Epaulette shark (
6445:
6444:
6356:
6355:
6289:
6286:Orectolobiformes
6274:
6273:
6270:
6269:
6266:
6265:
6254:Crocodile shark (
6229:
6228:
6150:
6149:
6113:
6112:
6101:Megamouth shark (
6076:
6075:
5973:
5972:
5936:
5935:
5915:Common thresher (
5906:Bigeye thresher (
5889:(Thresher sharks)
5862:
5861:(Mackerel sharks)
5847:
5846:
5843:
5842:
5839:
5838:
5741:
5740:
5677:
5676:
5673:
5672:
5669:
5668:
5632:H. portusjacksoni
5554:
5553:(Bullhead sharks)
5539:
5538:
5535:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5479:
5464:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5439:Cloudy catshark (
5289:Lizard catshark (
5229:Pyjama catshark (
5205:Onefin catshark (
5156:P. melanobranchus
5136:Velvet catshark (
5102:P. albimarginatus
4969:Quagga catshark (
4170:A. micropterygeus
4080:A. investigatoris
3955:
3939:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3899:Spadenose shark (
3740:Whitenose shark (
3529:Blackspot shark (
3520:Smalltail shark (
3430:Finetooth shark (
3412:Galapagos shark (
3331:Grey reef shark (
3306:C. albimarginatus
3304:Silvertip shark (
3295:Blacknose shark (
3272:
3256:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3216:
3215:
3106:M. sinusmexicanus
2811:H. leucoperiptera
2681:
2680:
2553:
2552:
2492:
2491:
2378:
2377:
2341:
2340:
2245:Hooktooth shark (
2186:
2089:
2088:
2044:Spadenose shark (
1885:Whitenose shark (
1680:Spot-tail shark (
1662:Blackspot shark (
1653:Smalltail shark (
1563:Finetooth shark (
1545:Galapagos shark (
1448:Grey reef shark (
1423:C. albimarginatus
1421:Silvertip shark (
1412:Blacknose shark (
1392:Carcharhiniformes
1123:978-0-674-03411-2
992:(ISBN corrected)
987:978-0-1921424-1-2
516:Western Australia
257:reaches of large
232:
231:
147:Carcharhiniformes
63:
24:Speartooth shark
9201:
9119:
9118:
9106:
9105:
9093:
9092:
9080:
9079:
9067:
9066:
9054:
9053:
9041:
9040:
9028:
9027:
9015:
9014:
9002:
9001:
8989:
8988:
8976:
8975:
8963:
8962:
8950:
8949:
8937:
8936:
8924:
8923:
8911:
8910:
8898:
8897:
8896:
8883:
8882:
8881:
8851:
8633:
8624:
8614:
8607:
8572:Cyrano spurdog (
8441:
8397:
8393:
8392:(Dogfish sharks)
8370:Velvet dogfish (
8321:S. microcephalus
8226:Azores dogfish (
8129:C. cryptacanthus
8104:
8100:
8099:(Sleeper sharks)
8027:
8023:
7774:E. gracilispinis
7661:
7660:(Lantern sharks)
7631:Ornate dogfish (
7548:
7369:Heteroscymnoides
7345:Euprotomicroides
7340:
7176:Needle dogfish (
7162:
7158:
7149:
7135:
7109:Dwarf sawshark (
7008:
6999:
6989:
6982:
6942:
6905:
6799:
6795:
6638:
6634:
6460:
6456:
6435:P. brevicaudatum
6371:
6367:
6306:
6297:
6287:
6280:
6245:Pseudocarcharias
6240:
6186:C. tricuspidatus
6161:
6124:
6087:
5984:
5947:
5908:A. superciliosus
5890:
5879:
5870:
5860:
5853:
5756:
5752:
5711:Chlamydoselachus
5706:
5697:
5683:
5571:
5562:
5552:
5545:
5496:
5487:
5478:(Bramble sharks)
5477:
5470:
5448:Dwarf catshark (
5412:Chain catshark (
5253:Schroederichthys
5207:P. profundicolus
5183:Parmaturus sp. A
5129:P. campechiensis
5118:Beige catshark (
5011:Natal shyshark (
5002:Brown shyshark (
4960:Tiger catshark (
4942:Lined catshark (
4897:Dusky catshark (
4785:Mouse catshark (
4740:Gecko catshark (
4463:C. circulopullum
4395:Coral catshark (
4204:A. platyrhynchus
4141:Ghost catshark (
4125:A. macrorhynchus
4116:A. longicephalus
4019:Hoary catshark (
4010:Brown catshark (
3964:
3957:
3953:
3945:
3692:Broadfin shark (
3601:
3547:Spottail shark (
3475:Hardnose shark (
3457:Blacktip shark (
3414:C. galapagenisis
3333:C. amblyrhynchos
3322:Graceful shark (
3281:
3274:
3271:(Requiem sharks)
3270:
3262:
2905:
2820:Hemitriakis Sp.A
2710:Whiskery shark (
2696:
2692:
2582:Winghead shark (
2568:
2564:
2541:False catshark (
2503:
2393:
2389:
2388:(Finback sharks)
2352:
2271:H. australiensis
2207:
2203:
2194:
2184:
2177:
2116:
2109:
2102:
2093:
2055:S. macrorhynchos
1828:Broadfin shark (
1608:Hardnose shark (
1590:Blacktip shark (
1547:C. galapagenisis
1450:C. amblyrhynchos
1439:Graceful shark (
1341:
1334:
1327:
1318:
1312:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1240:10.3354/esr00206
1224:
1211:
1198:
1197:
1187:
1177:
1145:
1128:
1127:
1109:
1096:
1091:Pristis zijsron
1087:Pristis microdon
1073:
1058:
1057:
1033:
1024:
1014:
1001:
991:
970:Glyphis garricki
965:
954:
953:
935:
929:
928:
912:
903:
902:
894:
888:
887:
885:
883:
878:
848:
820:to assess it as
791:Papua New Guinea
767:Lates calcarifer
728:develops into a
705:Nematalosa erebi
633:electroreception
615:dermal denticles
508:Alligator Rivers
443:Leonard Compagno
328:, as well as by
236:speartooth shark
223:
201:
78:
77:
57:
52:
51:
33:
21:
16:Species of shark
9209:
9208:
9204:
9203:
9202:
9200:
9199:
9198:
9164:Endangered fish
9144:Glyphis (shark)
9129:
9128:
9127:
9122:
9114:
9109:
9101:
9096:
9088:
9083:
9075:
9070:
9062:
9057:
9049:
9044:
9036:
9031:
9023:
9018:
9010:
9005:
8997:
8992:
8984:
8979:
8971:
8966:
8958:
8953:
8945:
8940:
8934:glyphis-glyphis
8932:
8927:
8921:Glyphis_glyphis
8919:
8914:
8908:Glyphis_glyphis
8906:
8901:
8894:Glyphis glyphis
8892:
8891:
8886:
8877:
8876:
8871:
8864:Glyphis glyphis
8858:
8848:
8831:
8816:S. tergocellata
8618:
8613:Squatiniformes
8589:
8556:S. notocaudatus
8500:Cuban dogfish (
8493:S. crassispinus
8467:S. acutirostris
8448:Spiny dogfish (
8439:
8438:
8428:
8391:
8390:
8378:
8345:
8285:
8252:
8201:
8193:Plunket shark (
8186:P. macracanthus
8168:
8144:
8098:
8097:
8085:
8021:
8020:
8008:
8000:Viper dogfish (
7984:
7960:
7927:E. tasmaniensis
7722:E. caudistigmus
7659:
7658:
7648:
7595:Black dogfish (
7570:
7533:
7500:
7476:
7452:I. brasiliensis
7434:
7426:Kitefin shark (
7410:
7386:
7362:
7356:E. zantedeschia
7325:
7274:
7157:(Gulper sharks)
7156:
7155:
7143:
7117:
7030:
7003:Pristiophoridae
6993:
6964:
6937:Stegostomatidae
6927:
6890:
6839:
6793:
6792:
6780:
6774:S. tentaculatus
6756:
6660:
6632:
6631:
6619:
6613:H. trispeculare
6545:
6455:(Bamboo sharks)
6454:
6453:
6441:
6417:
6393:
6365:
6364:
6352:
6328:
6291:
6288:(Carpet sharks)
6262:
6225:
6192:
6146:
6109:
6072:
6039:
6006:
5969:
5961:Basking shark (
5932:
5888:
5887:
5864:
5835:
5811:
5778:
5750:
5749:
5737:
5720:Frilled shark (
5691:
5665:
5556:
5527:
5519:Prickly shark (
5510:Bramble shark (
5481:
5456:
5430:Izu cat shark (
5306:
5291:S. saurisqualus
5246:
5213:
5189:
5084:
5076:Izak catshark (
5060:H. melanostigma
5028:
5020:Dark shyshark (
4977:
4854:
4760:G. longirostris
4688:
4655:
4631:
4587:Balloon shark (
4553:C. sarawakensis
4443:Cephaloscyllium
4436:
4403:
4354:
4346:Gulf catshark (
4339:A. submaculatus
4273:
4238:Pale catshark (
3958:
3952:Scyliorhinidae
3949:
3931:
3907:
3883:
3805:
3781:
3775:N. brevirostris
3748:
3724:
3716:Sliteye shark (
3700:
3676:
3652:
3599:
3598:
3588:
3564:
3511:Sandbar shark (
3486:C. melanopterus
3405:C. fitzroyensis
3376:Nervous shark (
3367:Spinner shark (
3313:Bignose shark (
3275:
3269:Carcharhinidae
3266:
3248:
3232:
3212:
3206:T. semifasciata
3204:Leopard shark (
3188:T. megalopterus
3152:
3128:
3002:M. lenticulatus
2939:M. californicus
2904:(Smooth-hounds)
2903:
2902:
2892:
2850:
2842:Blacktip tope (
2826:
2766:
2742:
2718:
2690:
2689:
2677:
2590:
2562:
2561:
2549:
2525:
2498:Pseudotriakidae
2488:
2457:
2415:
2387:
2386:
2374:
2337:
2304:P. leucolomatus
2286:
2253:
2229:
2202:(Weasel sharks)
2201:
2200:
2188:
2185:(Ground sharks)
2171:
2127:
2120:
2090:
2085:
2061:
2028:
1950:
1926:
1920:N. brevirostris
1893:
1869:
1861:Sliteye shark (
1845:
1812:
1788:
1728:
1704:
1644:Sandbar shark (
1619:C. melanopterus
1538:C. fitzroyensis
1493:Nervous shark (
1484:Spinner shark (
1430:Bignose shark (
1396:
1352:
1345:
1315:
1306:
1302:
1287:Glyphis glyphis
1279:
1278:
1274:
1264:
1262:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1222:
1213:
1212:
1201:
1147:
1146:
1131:
1124:
1111:
1110:
1099:
1093:(Green Sawfish)
1074:
1061:
1035:
1034:
1027:
1019:Glyphis glyphis
1015:
1004:
988:
974:Glyphis glyphis
967:
966:
957:
950:
937:
936:
932:
917:Glyphis glyphis
914:
913:
906:
896:
895:
891:
881:
879:
855:Glyphis glyphis
850:
849:
838:
834:
742:
624:
574:
460:
455:
389:South China Sea
365:Johannes Müller
350:
240:Glyphis glyphis
214:
203:
199:Glyphis glyphis
197:
184:
181:G. glyphis
72:
64:
53:
49:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
9207:
9205:
9197:
9196:
9191:
9186:
9181:
9176:
9171:
9166:
9161:
9156:
9151:
9146:
9141:
9131:
9130:
9124:
9123:
9121:
9120:
9107:
9094:
9081:
9068:
9055:
9042:
9029:
9016:
9003:
8990:
8977:
8964:
8951:
8938:
8925:
8912:
8899:
8884:
8868:
8866:
8860:
8859:
8854:
8845:
8844:
8841:
8840:
8837:
8836:
8833:
8832:
8830:
8829:
8820:
8811:
8802:
8793:
8786:
8777:
8768:
8759:
8750:
8741:
8738:S. heteroptera
8734:
8725:
8716:
8707:
8703:S. californica
8698:
8689:
8680:
8671:
8662:
8653:
8643:
8641:
8630:
8620:
8619:
8615:(Angel sharks)
8610:
8603:
8602:
8599:
8598:
8595:
8594:
8591:
8590:
8588:
8587:
8578:
8569:
8560:
8551:
8542:
8533:
8524:
8515:
8506:
8497:
8488:
8479:
8470:
8463:
8454:
8444:
8442:
8430:
8429:
8427:
8426:
8417:
8407:
8405:
8394:
8384:
8383:
8380:
8379:
8377:
8376:
8372:Z. squamulosus
8367:
8357:
8355:
8347:
8346:
8344:
8343:
8334:
8325:
8316:
8307:
8303:S. antarcticus
8297:
8295:
8287:
8286:
8284:
8283:
8274:
8264:
8262:
8254:
8253:
8251:
8250:
8241:
8232:
8223:
8213:
8211:
8208:Scymnodalatias
8203:
8202:
8200:
8199:
8190:
8180:
8178:
8170:
8169:
8167:
8166:
8156:
8154:
8151:Centroselachus
8146:
8145:
8143:
8142:
8133:
8124:
8114:
8112:
8101:
8091:
8090:
8087:
8086:
8084:
8083:
8074:
8065:
8056:
8047:
8037:
8035:
8024:
8022:(Rough sharks)
8014:
8013:
8010:
8009:
8007:
8006:
7996:
7994:
7991:Trigonognathus
7986:
7985:
7983:
7982:
7972:
7970:
7962:
7961:
7959:
7958:
7949:
7940:
7931:
7922:
7913:
7904:
7895:
7886:
7877:
7868:
7859:
7850:
7841:
7832:
7823:
7814:
7805:
7796:
7787:
7778:
7769:
7760:
7751:
7748:E. dislineatus
7744:
7735:
7726:
7717:
7708:
7701:
7692:
7683:
7674:
7664:
7662:
7650:
7649:
7647:
7646:
7637:
7628:
7619:
7610:
7601:
7592:
7582:
7580:
7577:Centroscyllium
7572:
7571:
7569:
7568:
7558:
7556:
7545:
7539:
7538:
7535:
7534:
7532:
7531:
7522:
7512:
7510:
7502:
7501:
7499:
7498:
7488:
7486:
7478:
7477:
7475:
7474:
7465:
7456:
7446:
7444:
7436:
7435:
7433:
7432:
7422:
7420:
7412:
7411:
7409:
7408:
7402:Pocket shark (
7398:
7396:
7388:
7387:
7385:
7384:
7374:
7372:
7364:
7363:
7361:
7360:
7350:
7348:
7337:
7331:
7330:
7327:
7326:
7324:
7323:
7314:
7310:D. profundorum
7305:
7296:
7286:
7284:
7276:
7275:
7273:
7272:
7263:
7259:C. tessellatus
7254:
7245:
7236:
7232:C. moluccensis
7227:
7223:C. lusitanicus
7218:
7209:
7200:
7194:Gulper shark (
7191:
7182:
7172:
7170:
7159:
7153:Centrophoridae
7145:
7144:
7138:
7131:
7130:
7127:
7126:
7123:
7122:
7119:
7118:
7116:
7115:
7106:
7097:
7088:
7079:
7070:
7061:
7052:
7042:
7040:
7032:
7031:
7029:
7028:
7018:
7016:
7005:
6995:
6994:
6985:
6978:
6977:
6974:
6973:
6970:
6969:
6966:
6965:
6963:
6962:
6952:
6950:
6939:
6933:
6932:
6929:
6928:
6926:
6925:
6915:
6913:
6902:
6900:Rhincodontidae
6896:
6895:
6892:
6891:
6889:
6888:
6879:
6870:
6866:P. ferrugineum
6861:
6851:
6849:
6841:
6840:
6838:
6837:
6828:
6819:
6809:
6807:
6804:Cirrhoscyllium
6796:
6790:Parascylliidae
6786:
6785:
6782:
6781:
6779:
6778:
6768:
6766:
6758:
6757:
6755:
6754:
6745:
6741:O. reticulatus
6736:
6727:
6718:
6709:
6700:
6691:
6682:
6672:
6670:
6662:
6661:
6659:
6658:
6648:
6646:
6643:Eucrossorhinus
6635:
6625:
6624:
6621:
6620:
6618:
6617:
6608:
6599:
6590:
6583:
6574:
6567:
6557:
6555:
6547:
6546:
6544:
6543:
6534:
6525:
6516:
6507:
6498:
6489:
6480:
6470:
6468:
6457:
6451:Hemiscylliidae
6447:
6446:
6443:
6442:
6440:
6439:
6429:
6427:
6419:
6418:
6416:
6415:
6411:N. ferrugineus
6405:
6403:
6395:
6394:
6392:
6391:
6381:
6379:
6368:
6366:(Nurse sharks)
6358:
6357:
6354:
6353:
6351:
6350:
6340:
6338:
6335:Heteroscyllium
6330:
6329:
6327:
6326:
6316:
6314:
6303:
6301:Brachaeluridae
6293:
6292:
6283:
6276:
6275:
6272:
6271:
6268:
6267:
6264:
6263:
6261:
6260:
6250:
6248:
6237:
6231:
6230:
6227:
6226:
6224:
6223:
6214:
6204:
6202:
6194:
6193:
6191:
6190:
6181:
6171:
6169:
6158:
6156:Odontaspididae
6152:
6151:
6148:
6147:
6145:
6144:
6138:Goblin shark (
6134:
6132:
6121:
6119:Mitsukurinidae
6115:
6114:
6111:
6110:
6108:
6107:
6097:
6095:
6084:
6078:
6077:
6074:
6073:
6071:
6070:
6061:
6055:Salmon shark (
6051:
6049:
6041:
6040:
6038:
6037:
6028:
6018:
6016:
6008:
6007:
6005:
6004:
5994:
5992:
5981:
5975:
5974:
5971:
5970:
5968:
5967:
5957:
5955:
5944:
5938:
5937:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5930:
5921:
5912:
5903:
5893:
5891:
5876:
5866:
5865:
5856:
5849:
5848:
5845:
5844:
5841:
5840:
5837:
5836:
5834:
5833:
5823:
5821:
5813:
5812:
5810:
5809:
5800:
5790:
5788:
5780:
5779:
5777:
5776:
5766:
5764:
5753:
5743:
5742:
5739:
5738:
5736:
5735:
5726:
5716:
5714:
5703:
5693:
5692:
5689:Hexanchiformes
5686:
5679:
5678:
5675:
5674:
5671:
5670:
5667:
5666:
5664:
5663:
5654:
5645:
5636:
5627:
5618:
5609:
5600:
5591:
5581:
5579:
5568:
5566:Heterodontidae
5558:
5557:
5548:
5541:
5540:
5537:
5536:
5533:
5532:
5529:
5528:
5526:
5525:
5516:
5506:
5504:
5493:
5491:Echinorhinidae
5483:
5482:
5473:
5466:
5465:
5462:
5461:
5458:
5457:
5455:
5454:
5445:
5436:
5427:
5418:
5409:
5400:
5391:
5382:
5373:
5369:S. comoroensis
5364:
5355:
5346:
5337:
5331:Boa catshark (
5328:
5318:
5316:
5308:
5307:
5305:
5304:
5295:
5286:
5277:
5268:
5258:
5256:
5248:
5247:
5245:
5244:
5240:P. pantherinum
5235:
5225:
5223:
5215:
5214:
5212:
5211:
5201:
5199:
5191:
5190:
5188:
5187:
5178:
5169:
5160:
5151:
5142:
5133:
5124:
5115:
5106:
5096:
5094:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5082:
5073:
5064:
5055:
5048:
5040:
5038:
5035:Holohalaelurus
5030:
5029:
5027:
5026:
5017:
5013:H. kistnasamyi
5008:
4999:
4989:
4987:
4984:Haploblepharus
4979:
4978:
4976:
4975:
4966:
4957:
4951:Mud catshark (
4948:
4939:
4935:H. immaculatus
4930:
4921:
4912:
4903:
4894:
4885:
4876:
4866:
4864:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4852:
4843:
4834:
4825:
4818:
4809:
4800:
4796:G. nipponensis
4791:
4782:
4773:
4764:
4755:
4746:
4737:
4728:
4719:
4710:
4706:G. antillensis
4700:
4698:
4690:
4689:
4687:
4686:
4677:
4667:
4665:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4643:
4641:
4633:
4632:
4630:
4629:
4620:
4611:
4602:
4593:
4584:
4575:
4566:
4557:
4548:
4539:
4530:
4521:
4512:
4503:
4494:
4485:
4476:
4467:
4458:
4448:
4446:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4434:
4425:
4415:
4413:
4410:Aulohalaelurus
4405:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4392:
4383:
4374:
4366:
4364:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4352:
4343:
4334:
4331:A. rubiginosus
4327:
4320:
4311:
4302:
4295:
4285:
4283:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4262:
4253:
4244:
4235:
4226:
4217:
4213:A. profundorum
4208:
4199:
4192:
4188:A. parvipinnis
4183:
4174:
4165:
4156:
4152:A. melanoasper
4147:
4138:
4134:A. macrostomus
4129:
4120:
4111:
4107:A. laurussonii
4102:
4093:
4084:
4075:
4068:
4059:
4050:
4041:
4034:
4025:
4016:
4007:
3998:
3991:
3984:
3974:
3972:
3960:
3959:
3948:
3941:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3929:
3919:
3917:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3905:
3895:
3893:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3877:R. terraenovae
3872:
3863:
3854:
3845:
3836:
3827:
3817:
3815:
3812:Rhizoprionodon
3807:
3806:
3804:
3803:
3793:
3791:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3779:
3770:
3760:
3758:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3736:
3734:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3718:L. macrorhinus
3712:
3710:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3698:
3688:
3686:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3674:
3670:I. oxyrhynchus
3664:
3662:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3650:
3641:
3632:
3623:
3614:
3608:Ganges shark (
3604:
3602:
3600:(River sharks)
3590:
3589:
3587:
3586:
3576:
3574:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3553:
3544:
3535:
3526:
3517:
3508:
3499:
3490:
3481:
3472:
3463:
3454:
3445:
3436:
3427:
3418:
3409:
3403:Creek whaler (
3400:
3396:C. falciformis
3391:
3382:
3373:
3364:
3358:Copper shark (
3355:
3349:Borneo shark (
3346:
3342:C. amboinensis
3340:Pigeye shark (
3337:
3328:
3319:
3310:
3301:
3291:
3289:
3277:
3276:
3265:
3258:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3240:
3238:Scyliorhinidae
3234:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3224:
3222:Carcharhinidae
3218:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3210:
3201:
3192:
3183:
3174:
3164:
3162:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3140:
3138:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3126:
3119:
3110:
3101:
3092:
3085:
3081:M. punctulatus
3076:
3067:
3058:
3049:
3040:
3033:
3024:
3015:
3006:
2997:
2988:
2979:
2970:
2961:
2952:
2943:
2934:
2925:
2921:M. antarcticus
2916:
2908:
2906:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2881:
2872:
2862:
2860:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2838:
2836:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2815:
2806:
2797:
2788:
2778:
2776:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2764:
2754:
2752:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2734:School shark (
2730:
2728:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2706:
2704:
2693:
2683:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2675:
2666:
2657:
2648:
2639:
2630:
2621:
2612:
2602:
2600:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2578:
2576:
2565:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2537:
2535:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2513:
2511:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2479:
2469:
2467:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2446:
2437:
2427:
2425:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2403:
2401:
2390:
2380:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2362:
2360:
2349:
2347:Leptochariidae
2343:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2308:
2298:
2296:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2284:
2275:
2265:
2263:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2241:
2239:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2217:
2215:
2204:
2190:
2189:
2180:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2163:
2161:Elasmobranchii
2157:
2155:Chondrichthyes
2151:
2145:
2139:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2121:
2119:
2118:
2111:
2104:
2096:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2073:
2071:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2050:
2040:
2038:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2022:R. terraenovae
2017:
2008:
1999:
1990:
1981:
1972:
1962:
1960:
1957:Rhizoprionodon
1952:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1938:
1936:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1924:
1915:
1905:
1903:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1881:
1879:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1867:
1863:L. macrorhinus
1857:
1855:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1834:
1824:
1822:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1806:I. oxyrhynchus
1800:
1798:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1777:
1768:
1759:
1753:Ganges shark (
1750:
1740:
1738:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1716:
1714:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1695:
1686:
1677:
1668:
1659:
1650:
1641:
1632:
1623:
1614:
1605:
1596:
1587:
1578:
1569:
1560:
1551:
1542:
1536:Creek whaler (
1533:
1529:C. falciformis
1524:
1515:
1508:
1499:
1490:
1481:
1475:Copper shark (
1472:
1466:Borneo shark (
1463:
1459:C. amboinensis
1457:Pigeye shark (
1454:
1445:
1436:
1427:
1418:
1408:
1406:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1380:Elasmobranchii
1376:
1374:Chondrichthyes
1370:
1364:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1336:
1329:
1321:
1314:
1313:
1300:
1281:Froese, Rainer
1272:
1259:www.cdu.edu.au
1246:
1199:
1129:
1122:
1097:
1059:
1025:
1002:
986:
955:
948:
930:
904:
889:
835:
833:
830:
761:, such as the
741:
738:
696:Nibea squamosa
690:, the benthic
623:
620:
573:
570:
504:Adelaide River
459:
456:
454:
451:
406:relative from
349:
346:
302:requiem sharks
251:Carcharhinidae
230:
229:
225:
224:
216:
215:
204:
193:
192:
186:
185:
178:
176:
172:
171:
164:
160:
159:
157:Carcharhinidae
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
127:Elasmobranchii
124:
120:
119:
117:Chondrichthyes
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
47:
44:
43:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9206:
9195:
9192:
9190:
9187:
9185:
9182:
9180:
9177:
9175:
9172:
9170:
9167:
9165:
9162:
9160:
9157:
9155:
9152:
9150:
9147:
9145:
9142:
9140:
9137:
9136:
9134:
9117:
9112:
9108:
9104:
9099:
9095:
9091:
9086:
9082:
9078:
9073:
9069:
9065:
9060:
9056:
9052:
9047:
9043:
9039:
9034:
9030:
9026:
9021:
9017:
9013:
9008:
9004:
9000:
8995:
8991:
8987:
8982:
8978:
8974:
8969:
8965:
8961:
8956:
8952:
8948:
8943:
8939:
8935:
8930:
8926:
8922:
8917:
8913:
8909:
8904:
8900:
8895:
8889:
8885:
8880:
8874:
8870:
8869:
8867:
8865:
8861:
8857:
8852:
8828:
8826:
8821:
8819:
8817:
8812:
8810:
8808:
8803:
8801:
8799:
8794:
8792:
8791:
8787:
8785:
8783:
8778:
8776:
8774:
8769:
8767:
8765:
8760:
8758:
8756:
8751:
8749:
8747:
8742:
8740:
8739:
8735:
8733:
8731:
8730:S. guggenheim
8726:
8724:
8722:
8717:
8715:
8713:
8708:
8706:
8704:
8699:
8697:
8695:
8690:
8688:
8686:
8681:
8679:
8677:
8672:
8670:
8668:
8663:
8661:
8659:
8654:
8652:
8650:
8645:
8644:
8642:
8640:
8639:
8634:
8631:
8629:
8625:
8621:
8617:
8608:
8604:
8586:
8584:
8579:
8577:
8575:
8570:
8568:
8566:
8561:
8559:
8557:
8552:
8550:
8548:
8547:S. mitsukurii
8543:
8541:
8539:
8534:
8532:
8530:
8525:
8523:
8521:
8516:
8514:
8512:
8507:
8505:
8503:
8498:
8496:
8494:
8489:
8487:
8485:
8484:S. blainville
8480:
8478:
8476:
8475:S. altipinnis
8471:
8469:
8468:
8464:
8462:
8460:
8455:
8453:
8451:
8446:
8445:
8443:
8437:
8436:
8431:
8425:
8423:
8418:
8416:
8414:
8409:
8408:
8406:
8404:
8403:
8398:
8395:
8389:
8385:
8375:
8373:
8368:
8366:
8364:
8359:
8358:
8356:
8354:
8353:
8348:
8342:
8340:
8335:
8333:
8331:
8326:
8324:
8322:
8317:
8315:
8313:
8308:
8306:
8304:
8299:
8298:
8296:
8294:
8293:
8288:
8282:
8280:
8275:
8273:
8271:
8266:
8265:
8263:
8261:
8260:
8255:
8249:
8247:
8242:
8240:
8238:
8233:
8231:
8229:
8224:
8222:
8220:
8215:
8214:
8212:
8210:
8209:
8204:
8198:
8196:
8191:
8189:
8187:
8182:
8181:
8179:
8177:
8176:
8171:
8165:
8163:
8162:C. crepidater
8158:
8157:
8155:
8153:
8152:
8147:
8141:
8139:
8134:
8132:
8130:
8125:
8123:
8121:
8120:C. coelolepis
8116:
8115:
8113:
8111:
8110:
8109:Centroscymnus
8105:
8102:
8096:
8092:
8082:
8080:
8075:
8073:
8071:
8066:
8064:
8062:
8057:
8055:
8053:
8052:O. caribbaeus
8048:
8046:
8044:
8043:O. bruniensis
8039:
8038:
8036:
8034:
8033:
8028:
8025:
8019:
8015:
8005:
8003:
7998:
7997:
7995:
7993:
7992:
7987:
7981:
7979:
7974:
7973:
7971:
7969:
7968:
7963:
7957:
7955:
7950:
7948:
7946:
7941:
7939:
7937:
7932:
7930:
7928:
7923:
7921:
7919:
7918:E. splendidus
7914:
7912:
7910:
7905:
7903:
7901:
7896:
7894:
7892:
7887:
7885:
7883:
7878:
7876:
7874:
7873:E. pycnolepis
7869:
7867:
7865:
7860:
7858:
7856:
7851:
7849:
7847:
7842:
7840:
7838:
7833:
7831:
7829:
7824:
7822:
7820:
7815:
7813:
7811:
7806:
7804:
7802:
7797:
7795:
7793:
7788:
7786:
7784:
7783:E. granulosus
7779:
7777:
7775:
7770:
7768:
7766:
7761:
7759:
7757:
7752:
7750:
7749:
7745:
7743:
7741:
7736:
7734:
7732:
7727:
7725:
7723:
7718:
7716:
7714:
7709:
7707:
7706:
7702:
7700:
7698:
7693:
7691:
7689:
7688:E. brachyurus
7684:
7682:
7680:
7675:
7673:
7671:
7666:
7665:
7663:
7657:
7656:
7651:
7645:
7643:
7638:
7636:
7634:
7629:
7627:
7625:
7620:
7618:
7616:
7611:
7609:
7607:
7606:C. granulatum
7602:
7600:
7598:
7593:
7591:
7589:
7584:
7583:
7581:
7579:
7578:
7573:
7567:
7565:
7560:
7559:
7557:
7555:
7554:
7549:
7546:
7544:
7540:
7530:
7528:
7527:S. laticaudus
7523:
7521:
7519:
7514:
7513:
7511:
7509:
7508:
7503:
7497:
7495:
7494:E. bispinatus
7492:Pygmy shark (
7490:
7489:
7487:
7485:
7484:
7483:Euprotomicrus
7479:
7473:
7471:
7466:
7464:
7462:
7457:
7455:
7453:
7448:
7447:
7445:
7443:
7442:
7437:
7431:
7429:
7424:
7423:
7421:
7419:
7418:
7413:
7407:
7405:
7400:
7399:
7397:
7395:
7394:
7389:
7383:
7381:
7376:
7375:
7373:
7371:
7370:
7365:
7359:
7357:
7352:
7351:
7349:
7347:
7346:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7332:
7322:
7320:
7315:
7313:
7311:
7306:
7304:
7302:
7301:D. hystricosa
7297:
7295:
7293:
7288:
7287:
7285:
7283:
7282:
7277:
7271:
7269:
7264:
7262:
7260:
7255:
7253:
7251:
7246:
7244:
7242:
7237:
7235:
7233:
7228:
7226:
7224:
7219:
7217:
7215:
7210:
7208:
7206:
7205:C. harrissoni
7201:
7199:
7197:
7196:C. granulosus
7192:
7190:
7188:
7183:
7181:
7179:
7174:
7173:
7171:
7169:
7168:
7163:
7160:
7154:
7150:
7146:
7142:
7136:
7132:
7114:
7112:
7107:
7105:
7103:
7098:
7096:
7094:
7089:
7087:
7085:
7084:P. schroederi
7080:
7078:
7076:
7075:P. nudipinnis
7071:
7069:
7067:
7062:
7060:
7058:
7053:
7051:
7049:
7044:
7043:
7041:
7039:
7038:
7037:Pristiophorus
7033:
7027:
7025:
7020:
7019:
7017:
7015:
7014:
7009:
7006:
7004:
7000:
6996:
6992:
6983:
6979:
6961:
6959:
6956:Zebra shark (
6954:
6953:
6951:
6949:
6948:
6943:
6940:
6938:
6934:
6924:
6922:
6919:Whale shark (
6917:
6916:
6914:
6912:
6911:
6906:
6903:
6901:
6897:
6887:
6885:
6884:P. variolatum
6880:
6878:
6876:
6871:
6869:
6867:
6862:
6860:
6858:
6853:
6852:
6850:
6848:
6847:
6842:
6836:
6834:
6829:
6827:
6825:
6824:C. formosanum
6820:
6818:
6816:
6811:
6810:
6808:
6806:
6805:
6800:
6797:
6791:
6787:
6777:
6775:
6770:
6769:
6767:
6765:
6764:
6759:
6753:
6751:
6746:
6744:
6742:
6737:
6735:
6733:
6728:
6726:
6724:
6719:
6717:
6715:
6710:
6708:
6706:
6701:
6699:
6697:
6692:
6690:
6688:
6683:
6681:
6679:
6674:
6673:
6671:
6669:
6668:
6663:
6657:
6655:
6650:
6649:
6647:
6645:
6644:
6639:
6636:
6630:
6629:Orectolobidae
6626:
6616:
6614:
6609:
6607:
6605:
6600:
6598:
6596:
6591:
6589:
6588:
6584:
6582:
6580:
6579:H. hallstromi
6575:
6573:
6572:
6568:
6566:
6564:
6563:H. freycineti
6559:
6558:
6556:
6554:
6553:
6548:
6542:
6540:
6535:
6533:
6531:
6526:
6524:
6522:
6517:
6515:
6513:
6508:
6506:
6504:
6499:
6497:
6495:
6490:
6488:
6486:
6481:
6479:
6477:
6472:
6471:
6469:
6467:
6466:
6465:Chiloscyllium
6461:
6458:
6452:
6448:
6438:
6436:
6431:
6430:
6428:
6426:
6425:
6420:
6414:
6412:
6407:
6406:
6404:
6402:
6401:
6396:
6390:
6388:
6385:Nurse shark (
6383:
6382:
6380:
6378:
6377:
6376:Ginglymostoma
6372:
6369:
6363:
6359:
6349:
6347:
6346:H. colcloughi
6342:
6341:
6339:
6337:
6336:
6331:
6325:
6323:
6320:Blind shark (
6318:
6317:
6315:
6313:
6312:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6298:
6294:
6290:
6281:
6277:
6259:
6257:
6252:
6251:
6249:
6247:
6246:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6232:
6222:
6220:
6215:
6213:
6211:
6206:
6205:
6203:
6201:
6200:
6195:
6189:
6187:
6182:
6180:
6178:
6173:
6172:
6170:
6168:
6167:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6153:
6143:
6141:
6136:
6135:
6133:
6131:
6130:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6116:
6106:
6104:
6099:
6098:
6096:
6094:
6093:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6082:Megachasmidae
6079:
6069:
6067:
6062:
6060:
6058:
6053:
6052:
6050:
6048:
6047:
6042:
6036:
6034:
6029:
6027:
6025:
6024:I. oxyrinchus
6020:
6019:
6017:
6015:
6014:
6009:
6003:
6001:
6000:C. carcharias
5996:
5995:
5993:
5991:
5990:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5976:
5966:
5964:
5959:
5958:
5956:
5954:
5953:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5939:
5929:
5927:
5924:Alopias sp. (
5922:
5920:
5918:
5913:
5911:
5909:
5904:
5902:
5900:
5895:
5894:
5892:
5886:
5885:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5871:
5867:
5863:
5854:
5850:
5832:
5830:
5829:N. cepedianus
5825:
5824:
5822:
5820:
5819:
5814:
5808:
5806:
5801:
5799:
5797:
5792:
5791:
5789:
5787:
5786:
5781:
5775:
5773:
5768:
5767:
5765:
5763:
5762:
5757:
5754:
5748:
5744:
5734:
5732:
5727:
5725:
5723:
5718:
5717:
5715:
5713:
5712:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5698:
5694:
5690:
5684:
5680:
5662:
5660:
5655:
5653:
5651:
5650:H. ramalheira
5646:
5644:
5642:
5637:
5635:
5633:
5628:
5626:
5624:
5619:
5617:
5615:
5610:
5608:
5606:
5601:
5599:
5597:
5592:
5590:
5588:
5583:
5582:
5580:
5578:
5577:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5563:
5559:
5555:
5546:
5542:
5524:
5522:
5517:
5515:
5513:
5508:
5507:
5505:
5503:
5502:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5488:
5484:
5480:
5471:
5467:
5453:
5451:
5446:
5444:
5442:
5437:
5435:
5433:
5428:
5426:
5424:
5419:
5417:
5415:
5410:
5408:
5406:
5401:
5399:
5397:
5392:
5390:
5388:
5383:
5381:
5379:
5374:
5372:
5370:
5365:
5363:
5361:
5356:
5354:
5352:
5347:
5345:
5343:
5338:
5336:
5334:
5329:
5327:
5325:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5315:
5314:
5309:
5303:
5301:
5296:
5294:
5292:
5287:
5285:
5283:
5278:
5276:
5274:
5269:
5267:
5265:
5260:
5259:
5257:
5255:
5254:
5249:
5243:
5241:
5236:
5234:
5232:
5227:
5226:
5224:
5222:
5221:
5216:
5210:
5208:
5203:
5202:
5200:
5198:
5197:
5192:
5186:
5184:
5179:
5177:
5175:
5170:
5168:
5166:
5161:
5159:
5157:
5152:
5150:
5148:
5147:P. macmillani
5143:
5141:
5139:
5134:
5132:
5130:
5125:
5123:
5121:
5116:
5114:
5112:
5107:
5105:
5103:
5098:
5097:
5095:
5093:
5092:
5087:
5081:
5079:
5074:
5072:
5070:
5065:
5063:
5061:
5058:Crying izak (
5056:
5054:
5053:
5049:
5047:
5046:
5042:
5041:
5039:
5037:
5036:
5031:
5025:
5023:
5018:
5016:
5014:
5009:
5007:
5005:
5000:
4998:
4996:
4991:
4990:
4988:
4986:
4985:
4980:
4974:
4972:
4967:
4965:
4963:
4962:H. natalensis
4958:
4956:
4954:
4949:
4947:
4945:
4940:
4938:
4936:
4931:
4929:
4927:
4922:
4920:
4918:
4913:
4911:
4909:
4904:
4902:
4900:
4895:
4893:
4891:
4886:
4884:
4882:
4877:
4875:
4873:
4868:
4867:
4865:
4863:
4862:
4857:
4851:
4849:
4844:
4842:
4840:
4835:
4833:
4831:
4826:
4824:
4823:
4819:
4817:
4815:
4810:
4808:
4806:
4801:
4799:
4797:
4792:
4790:
4788:
4783:
4781:
4779:
4778:G. mincaronei
4774:
4772:
4770:
4769:G. melastomus
4765:
4763:
4761:
4756:
4754:
4752:
4747:
4745:
4743:
4738:
4736:
4734:
4729:
4727:
4725:
4724:G. atlanticus
4720:
4718:
4716:
4711:
4709:
4707:
4702:
4701:
4699:
4697:
4696:
4691:
4685:
4683:
4678:
4676:
4674:
4669:
4668:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4658:
4652:
4650:
4645:
4644:
4642:
4640:
4639:
4634:
4628:
4626:
4621:
4619:
4617:
4616:C. ventriosum
4612:
4610:
4608:
4607:C. variegatum
4603:
4601:
4599:
4594:
4592:
4590:
4585:
4583:
4581:
4576:
4574:
4572:
4567:
4565:
4563:
4558:
4556:
4554:
4549:
4547:
4545:
4540:
4538:
4536:
4535:C. pardelotum
4531:
4529:
4527:
4522:
4520:
4518:
4513:
4511:
4509:
4504:
4502:
4500:
4499:C. hicosellum
4495:
4493:
4491:
4490:C. formosanum
4486:
4484:
4482:
4477:
4475:
4473:
4468:
4466:
4464:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4454:C. albipinnum
4450:
4449:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4439:
4433:
4431:
4426:
4424:
4422:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4412:
4411:
4406:
4400:
4398:
4397:A. marmoratus
4393:
4391:
4389:
4384:
4382:
4380:
4375:
4373:
4372:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4363:
4362:
4361:Atelomycterus
4357:
4351:
4349:
4344:
4342:
4340:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4321:
4319:
4317:
4312:
4310:
4308:
4303:
4301:
4300:
4296:
4294:
4292:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4282:
4281:
4276:
4270:
4268:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4258:A. spongiceps
4254:
4252:
4250:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4236:
4234:
4232:
4227:
4225:
4223:
4218:
4216:
4214:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4200:
4198:
4197:
4193:
4191:
4189:
4184:
4182:
4180:
4175:
4173:
4171:
4166:
4164:
4162:
4157:
4155:
4153:
4148:
4146:
4144:
4139:
4137:
4135:
4130:
4128:
4126:
4121:
4119:
4117:
4112:
4110:
4108:
4103:
4101:
4099:
4094:
4092:
4090:
4085:
4083:
4081:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4072:A. internatus
4069:
4067:
4065:
4060:
4058:
4056:
4051:
4049:
4047:
4042:
4040:
4039:
4035:
4033:
4031:
4026:
4024:
4022:
4017:
4015:
4013:
4008:
4006:
4004:
4003:A. atlanticus
3999:
3997:
3996:
3992:
3990:
3989:
3985:
3983:
3981:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3965:
3961:
3956:
3946:
3942:
3928:
3926:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3916:
3915:
3910:
3904:
3902:
3901:S. laticaudus
3897:
3896:
3894:
3892:
3891:
3886:
3880:
3878:
3873:
3871:
3869:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3855:
3853:
3851:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3837:
3835:
3833:
3828:
3826:
3824:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3813:
3808:
3802:
3800:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3784:
3778:
3776:
3773:Lemon shark (
3771:
3769:
3767:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3756:
3751:
3745:
3743:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3727:
3721:
3719:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3703:
3697:
3695:
3694:L. temminckii
3690:
3689:
3687:
3685:
3684:
3679:
3673:
3671:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3661:
3660:
3655:
3649:
3647:
3646:Glyphis sp. B
3642:
3640:
3638:
3633:
3631:
3629:
3624:
3622:
3620:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3610:G. gangeticus
3606:
3605:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3585:
3583:
3580:Tiger shark (
3578:
3577:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3567:
3561:
3559:
3554:
3552:
3550:
3545:
3543:
3541:
3538:Night shark (
3536:
3534:
3532:
3527:
3525:
3523:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3500:
3498:
3496:
3493:Dusky shark (
3491:
3489:
3487:
3482:
3480:
3478:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3468:C. longimanus
3464:
3462:
3460:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3446:
3444:
3442:
3437:
3435:
3433:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3419:
3417:
3415:
3410:
3408:
3406:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3394:Silky shark (
3392:
3390:
3388:
3387:C. dussumieri
3383:
3381:
3379:
3374:
3372:
3370:
3369:C. brevipinna
3365:
3363:
3361:
3360:C. brachyurus
3356:
3354:
3352:
3351:C. borneensis
3347:
3345:
3343:
3338:
3336:
3334:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3311:
3309:
3307:
3302:
3300:
3298:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3282:
3278:
3273:
3263:
3259:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3209:
3207:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3193:
3191:
3189:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3170:T. acutipinna
3166:
3165:
3163:
3161:
3160:
3155:
3149:
3147:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3135:Scylliogaleus
3131:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3093:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3025:
3023:
3021:
3016:
3014:
3012:
3007:
3005:
3003:
2998:
2996:
2994:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2971:
2969:
2967:
2962:
2960:
2958:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2944:
2942:
2940:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2919:Gummy shark (
2917:
2915:
2914:
2913:M. albipinnis
2910:
2909:
2907:
2901:
2900:
2895:
2889:
2887:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2847:
2845:
2844:H. hyugaensis
2840:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2823:
2821:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2769:
2763:
2761:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2750:
2745:
2739:
2737:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2715:
2713:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2702:
2697:
2694:
2691:(Houndsharks)
2688:
2684:
2674:
2672:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2622:
2620:
2618:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2593:
2587:
2585:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2569:
2566:
2560:
2556:
2546:
2544:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2532:Pseudotriakis
2528:
2522:
2520:
2519:G. attenuatus
2515:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2465:
2460:
2454:
2452:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2442:E. radcliffei
2438:
2436:
2434:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2412:
2410:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2391:
2385:
2384:Proscylliidae
2381:
2371:
2369:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2334:
2332:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2313:P. pectoralis
2309:
2307:
2305:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2289:
2283:
2281:
2280:H. microstoma
2276:
2274:
2272:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2256:
2250:
2248:
2247:C. macrostoma
2243:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2232:
2226:
2224:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2208:
2205:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2178:
2174:
2168:
2164:
2162:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2150:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2125:
2117:
2112:
2110:
2105:
2103:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2082:
2080:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2058:
2056:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2046:S. laticaudus
2042:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2025:
2023:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1953:
1947:
1945:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1929:
1923:
1921:
1918:Lemon shark (
1916:
1914:
1912:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1896:
1890:
1888:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1872:
1866:
1864:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1842:
1840:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1830:L. temminckii
1826:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1809:
1807:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1785:
1783:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1755:G. gangeticus
1751:
1749:
1747:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1725:
1723:
1720:Tiger shark (
1718:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1671:Night shark (
1669:
1667:
1665:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1626:Dusky shark (
1624:
1622:
1620:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1601:C. longimanus
1597:
1595:
1593:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1527:Silky shark (
1525:
1523:
1521:
1520:C. dussumieri
1516:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1486:C. brevipinna
1482:
1480:
1478:
1477:C. brachyurus
1473:
1471:
1469:
1468:C. borneensis
1464:
1462:
1460:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1399:
1393:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1350:
1349:requiem shark
1342:
1337:
1335:
1330:
1328:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1296:
1295:
1290:
1288:
1282:
1276:
1273:
1260:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1221:
1219:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1119:
1115:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1020:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1003:
999:
998:1-921424-18-2
995:
989:
983:
979:
975:
971:
964:
962:
960:
956:
951:
949:92-5-101384-5
945:
941:
934:
931:
927:(2): 279–283.
926:
922:
918:
911:
909:
905:
900:
893:
890:
877:
872:
868:
864:
863:
858:
856:
847:
845:
843:
841:
837:
831:
829:
827:
823:
819:
815:
810:
808:
804:
800:
799:Port Musgrave
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
739:
737:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
706:
702:
698:
697:
693:
689:
688:
684:
680:
679:
675:
671:
670:ariid catfish
667:
663:
662:
657:
656:
651:
648:
647:
646:Macrobrachium
642:
638:
634:
630:
621:
619:
616:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
590:pectoral fins
586:
584:
580:
571:
569:
567:
563:
558:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
531:
529:
525:
522:island, near
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
484:Bizant Rivers
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
457:
452:
450:
448:
444:
440:
436:
435:type specimen
431:
429:
428:
423:
419:
415:
414:
409:
405:
401:
397:
396:Louis Agassiz
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
359:
354:
347:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
292:
287:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
249:
245:
241:
237:
226:
222:
217:
212:
208:
202:
200:
194:
191:
190:Binomial name
187:
183:
182:
177:
174:
173:
170:
169:
165:
162:
161:
158:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
137:Selachimorpha
135:
133:Subdivision:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
61:
56:
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
8863:
8824:
8815:
8806:
8805:Angelshark (
8797:
8789:
8781:
8772:
8763:
8754:
8745:
8736:
8729:
8720:
8711:
8710:Sand devil (
8702:
8694:S. australis
8693:
8684:
8676:S. argentina
8675:
8666:
8657:
8648:
8636:
8582:
8574:S. rancureli
8573:
8564:
8555:
8546:
8538:S. melanurus
8537:
8528:
8520:S. japonicus
8519:
8510:
8501:
8492:
8483:
8474:
8466:
8459:S. albifrons
8458:
8450:S. acanthias
8449:
8433:
8421:
8412:
8402:Cirrhigaleus
8400:
8371:
8363:Z. ichiharai
8362:
8350:
8339:S. rostratus
8338:
8330:S. pacificus
8329:
8320:
8311:
8310:Frog shark (
8302:
8290:
8278:
8269:
8257:
8246:S. sherwoodi
8245:
8236:
8227:
8219:S. albicauda
8218:
8206:
8194:
8185:
8175:Proscymnodon
8173:
8161:
8149:
8137:
8128:
8119:
8107:
8079:O. paradoxus
8078:
8070:O. japonicus
8069:
8060:
8051:
8042:
8030:
8001:
7989:
7977:
7967:Miroscyllium
7965:
7953:
7944:
7935:
7926:
7917:
7908:
7899:
7890:
7881:
7872:
7863:
7854:
7845:
7836:
7827:
7818:
7809:
7801:E. litvinovi
7800:
7792:E. hillianus
7791:
7782:
7773:
7764:
7755:
7747:
7739:
7730:
7721:
7712:
7704:
7696:
7687:
7678:
7669:
7653:
7641:
7632:
7623:
7615:C. kamoharai
7614:
7605:
7596:
7587:
7575:
7563:
7551:
7543:Etmopteridae
7526:
7517:
7505:
7493:
7481:
7469:
7460:
7451:
7439:
7427:
7415:
7403:
7391:
7379:
7367:
7355:
7343:
7318:
7309:
7300:
7291:
7279:
7267:
7258:
7250:C. squamosus
7249:
7240:
7231:
7222:
7213:
7204:
7195:
7186:
7177:
7167:Centrophorus
7165:
7141:Squaliformes
7110:
7101:
7092:
7083:
7074:
7066:P. japonicus
7065:
7057:P. delicatus
7056:
7047:
7035:
7023:
7011:
6958:S. fasciatum
6957:
6945:
6920:
6908:
6883:
6874:
6865:
6856:
6846:Parascyllium
6844:
6833:C. japonicum
6832:
6823:
6815:C. expolitum
6814:
6802:
6773:
6761:
6749:
6740:
6731:
6722:
6714:O. maculatus
6713:
6705:O. japonicus
6704:
6696:O. hutchinsi
6695:
6686:
6677:
6665:
6654:E. dasypogon
6653:
6641:
6633:(Wobbegongs)
6612:
6603:
6595:H. ocellatum
6594:
6586:
6578:
6570:
6562:
6552:Hemiscyllium
6550:
6539:C. punctatum
6538:
6530:C. plagiosum
6529:
6520:
6512:C. hasseltii
6511:
6502:
6493:
6485:C. burmensis
6484:
6475:
6463:
6434:
6422:
6410:
6398:
6386:
6374:
6345:
6333:
6321:
6311:Brachaelurus
6309:
6256:P. kamoharai
6255:
6243:
6218:
6209:
6197:
6185:
6176:
6164:
6139:
6127:
6102:
6090:
6065:
6056:
6044:
6032:
6023:
6011:
5999:
5987:
5962:
5950:
5942:Cetorhinidae
5925:
5916:
5907:
5899:A. pelagicus
5898:
5882:
5859:Lamniformes
5828:
5816:
5805:H. nakamurai
5804:
5795:
5783:
5771:
5761:Heptranchias
5759:
5751:(Cow sharks)
5730:
5722:C. anguineus
5721:
5709:
5658:
5649:
5640:
5631:
5623:H. omanensis
5622:
5614:H. mexicanus
5613:
5605:H. japonicus
5604:
5595:
5587:H. francisci
5586:
5585:Horn shark (
5576:Heterodontus
5574:
5520:
5511:
5501:Echinorhinus
5499:
5449:
5440:
5431:
5423:S. stellaris
5422:
5421:Nursehound (
5413:
5404:
5396:S. hesperius
5395:
5387:S. haeckelii
5386:
5377:
5368:
5360:S. cervigoni
5359:
5350:
5341:
5332:
5323:
5313:Scyliorhinus
5311:
5299:
5290:
5282:S. maculatus
5281:
5273:S. chilensis
5272:
5263:
5251:
5239:
5231:P. africanum
5230:
5218:
5206:
5194:
5182:
5173:
5164:
5155:
5146:
5137:
5128:
5119:
5111:P. albipenis
5110:
5101:
5089:
5077:
5069:H. punctatus
5068:
5059:
5051:
5044:
5033:
5021:
5012:
5003:
4995:H. edwardsii
4994:
4982:
4970:
4961:
4952:
4943:
4934:
4925:
4916:
4907:
4899:H. canescens
4898:
4889:
4881:H. boesemani
4880:
4871:
4859:
4848:G. springeri
4847:
4838:
4829:
4821:
4813:
4805:G. piperatus
4804:
4795:
4786:
4777:
4768:
4759:
4750:
4741:
4732:
4723:
4714:
4705:
4693:
4681:
4673:F. boardmani
4672:
4660:
4648:
4636:
4624:
4615:
4614:Swellshark (
4606:
4598:C. umbratile
4597:
4588:
4579:
4570:
4562:C. signourum
4561:
4552:
4543:
4534:
4526:C. maculatum
4525:
4516:
4508:C. isabellum
4507:
4498:
4489:
4481:C. fasciatum
4480:
4471:
4462:
4453:
4441:
4429:
4421:A. kanakorum
4420:
4408:
4396:
4387:
4379:A. fasciatus
4378:
4371:A. baliensis
4370:
4359:
4347:
4338:
4330:
4323:
4315:
4306:
4298:
4290:
4278:
4266:
4257:
4248:
4239:
4230:
4221:
4212:
4203:
4195:
4187:
4178:
4169:
4160:
4151:
4142:
4133:
4124:
4115:
4106:
4097:
4089:A. japonicus
4088:
4079:
4071:
4063:
4055:A. herklotsi
4054:
4045:
4037:
4030:A. exsanguis
4029:
4020:
4011:
4002:
3994:
3987:
3979:
3967:
3924:
3912:
3900:
3888:
3876:
3867:
3858:
3850:R. oligolinx
3849:
3840:
3831:
3822:
3821:Milk shark (
3810:
3798:
3797:Blue shark (
3786:
3774:
3766:N. acutidens
3765:
3753:
3741:
3729:
3717:
3705:
3693:
3681:
3669:
3659:Isogomphodon
3657:
3645:
3637:G. siamensis
3636:
3627:
3625:
3618:
3609:
3593:
3581:
3569:
3557:
3548:
3539:
3530:
3521:
3512:
3503:
3494:
3485:
3476:
3467:
3458:
3449:
3448:Bull shark (
3440:
3431:
3422:
3413:
3404:
3395:
3386:
3377:
3368:
3359:
3350:
3341:
3332:
3323:
3314:
3305:
3297:C. acronotus
3296:
3286:Carcharhinus
3284:
3205:
3196:
3187:
3178:
3169:
3157:
3146:S. quecketti
3145:
3133:
3122:
3114:
3105:
3096:
3088:
3080:
3071:
3062:
3053:
3044:
3037:M. minicanis
3036:
3028:
3019:
3011:M. lunulatus
3010:
3001:
2992:
2983:
2974:
2966:M. fasciatus
2965:
2956:
2947:
2938:
2929:
2920:
2912:
2897:
2885:
2877:I. omanensis
2876:
2867:
2855:
2843:
2831:
2819:
2810:
2801:
2792:
2783:
2771:
2760:G. filewoodi
2759:
2747:
2735:
2723:
2711:
2699:
2670:
2661:
2652:
2651:Bonnethead (
2643:
2634:
2625:
2616:
2607:
2595:
2583:
2571:
2542:
2530:
2518:
2506:
2482:
2474:
2462:
2450:
2441:
2432:
2420:
2409:C. fehlmanni
2408:
2396:
2367:
2357:Leptocharias
2355:
2330:
2321:
2312:
2303:
2291:
2279:
2270:
2258:
2246:
2236:Chaenogaleus
2234:
2222:
2210:
2198:Hemigaleidae
2165:Subdivision
2078:
2066:
2054:
2045:
2033:
2021:
2012:
2003:
1995:R. oligolinx
1994:
1985:
1976:
1967:
1966:Milk shark (
1955:
1943:
1942:Blue shark (
1931:
1919:
1911:N. acutidens
1910:
1898:
1886:
1874:
1862:
1850:
1839:L. tephrodes
1838:
1829:
1817:
1805:
1795:Isogomphodon
1793:
1782:G. siamensis
1781:
1772:
1770:
1763:
1754:
1745:
1733:
1721:
1709:
1698:
1690:
1681:
1672:
1663:
1654:
1645:
1636:
1627:
1618:
1609:
1600:
1591:
1582:
1581:Bull shark (
1573:
1564:
1555:
1546:
1537:
1528:
1519:
1511:
1503:
1494:
1485:
1476:
1467:
1458:
1449:
1440:
1431:
1422:
1414:C. acronotus
1413:
1403:Carcharhinus
1401:
1384:Subdivision
1303:
1292:
1286:
1275:
1263:. Retrieved
1258:
1249:
1230:
1226:
1217:
1157:
1153:
1113:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1018:
977:
973:
969:
939:
933:
924:
920:
916:
898:
892:
880:. Retrieved
866:
860:
854:
811:
766:
743:
703:
694:
685:
676:
659:
653:
644:
625:
587:
575:
559:
555:water column
532:
524:Port Romilly
496:Embly Rivers
461:
453:Reproduction
446:
438:
432:
427:Carcharhinus
425:
422:Jack Garrick
417:
411:
399:
385:Indian Ocean
376:
372:
362:
357:
288:
283:pectoral fin
239:
235:
233:
207:J. P. Müller
198:
196:
180:
179:
167:
18:
9007:iNaturalist
8888:Wikispecies
8807:S. squatina
8790:S. punctata
8773:S. nebulosa
8764:S. mexicana
8746:S. japonica
8658:S. africana
8649:S. aculeata
8628:Squatinidae
8583:S. suckleyi
8529:S. megalops
8502:S. cubensis
8422:C. barbifer
8270:S. obscurus
8237:S. oligodon
8228:S. garricki
8195:P. plunketi
8095:Somniosidae
8061:O. centrina
7945:E. villosus
7936:E. unicolor
7900:E. sentosus
7891:E. schultzi
7864:E. pusillus
7846:E. princeps
7740:E. dianthus
7705:E. burgessi
7679:E. bigelowi
7597:C. fabricii
7588:C. excelsum
7470:I. plutodus
7461:I. labialis
7393:Mollisquama
7241:C. niaukang
7048:P. cirratus
6990:(Sawsharks)
6678:O. floridus
6667:Orectolobus
6604:H. strahani
6476:C. arabicum
6387:G. cirratum
6219:O. noronhai
6129:Mitsukurina
6103:M. pelagios
6064:Porbeagle (
6057:L. ditropis
5989:Carcharodon
5917:A. vulpinus
5818:Notorynchus
5747:Hexanchidae
5731:C. africana
5596:H. galeatus
5441:S. torazame
5351:S. capensis
5342:S. canicula
5324:S. besnardi
5174:P. xaniurus
5052:H. grennian
4953:H. lutarius
4944:H. lineatus
4926:H. hispidus
4890:H. buergeri
4872:H. alcockii
4839:G. schultzi
4751:G. gracilis
4742:G. eastmani
4733:G. cadenati
4682:F. striatus
4649:C. cephalus
4589:C. sufflans
4517:C. laticeps
4430:A. labiosus
4388:A. macleayi
4348:A. vincenti
4316:A. pallidus
4307:A. occiduus
4299:A. funebris
4267:A. stenseni
4249:A. sinensis
4231:A. saldanha
4046:A. gibbosus
4038:A. fedorovi
4012:A. brunneus
3995:A. aphyodes
3988:A. albisoma
3980:A. acanutus
3954:(Catsharks)
3841:R. longurio
3832:R. lalandii
3619:G. garricki
3558:C. tilstoni
3540:C. signatus
3513:C. plumbeus
3495:C. obscurus
3459:C. limbatus
3423:C. hemiodon
3197:T. scyllium
3179:T. maculata
3115:M. whitneyi
3097:M. schmitti
3072:M. palumbes
3054:M. mustelus
2957:M. dorsalis
2930:M. asterias
2868:I. garricki
2802:H. japanica
2773:Hemitriakis
2725:Galeorhinus
2644:S. mokarran
2633:Scoophead (
2543:P. microdon
2483:P. venustum
2475:P. habereri
2464:Proscyllium
2433:E. barbouri
2322:P. randalli
2223:H. elongata
2212:Hemipristis
1986:R. longurio
1977:R. lalandii
1764:G. garricki
1746:G. fowlerae
1691:C. tilstoni
1673:C. signatus
1646:C. plumbeus
1628:C. obscurus
1592:C. limbatus
1556:C. hemiodon
882:19 November
775:bow fishers
641:crustaceans
637:bony fishes
594:pelvic fins
572:Description
562:Roper River
526:and in the
413:G. hastalis
369:Jakob Henle
298:crustaceans
294:bony fishes
289:Preying on
244:river shark
9133:Categories
8782:S. oculata
8755:S. legnota
8721:S. formosa
8712:S. dumeril
8565:S. nasutus
8511:S. grahami
8440:(Spurdogs)
8312:S. longus
8279:S. ringens
8138:C. owstoni
8018:Oxynotidae
8002:T. kabeyai
7978:M. sheikoi
7882:E. robinsi
7819:E. molleri
7810:E. lucifer
7713:E. carteri
7697:E. bullisi
7670:E. baxteri
7655:Etmopterus
7642:C. ritteri
7633:C. ornatum
7507:Squaliolus
7380:H. marleyi
7335:Dalatiidae
7024:P. warreni
6947:Stegostoma
6857:P. collare
6763:Sutorectus
6723:O. ornatus
6521:C. indicum
6503:C. griseum
6199:Odontaspis
6166:Carcharias
6140:M. owstoni
6092:Megachasma
5963:C. maximus
5952:Cetorhinus
5796:H. griseus
5432:S. tokubee
5414:S. retifer
5378:S. garmani
5196:Pentanchus
5165:P. pilosus
5138:P. lanatus
5091:Parmaturus
4917:H. dawsoni
4861:Halaelurus
4830:G. sauteri
4822:G. priapus
4787:G. murinus
4638:Cephalurus
4580:C. speccum
4240:A. sibogae
4196:A. pinguis
4179:A. nasutus
4161:A. microps
4064:A. indicus
4021:A. canutus
3969:Apristurus
3914:Triaenodon
3868:R. taylori
3859:R. porosus
3628:G. glyphis
3571:Galeocerdo
3522:C. porosus
3504:C. perezii
3477:C. macloti
3441:C. leiodon
3315:C. altimus
3123:M. widodoi
3089:M. ravidus
3063:M. norrisi
2993:M. higmani
2975:M. griseus
2833:Hypogaleus
2793:H. falcata
2671:S. zygaena
2617:S. couardi
2584:E. blochii
2559:Sphyrnidae
2451:E. sinuans
2368:L. smithii
2293:Paragaleus
2260:Hemigaleus
2149:Vertebrata
2147:Subphylum
2068:Triaenodon
2013:R. taylori
2004:R. porosus
1773:G. glyphis
1711:Galeocerdo
1699:C. tjutjot
1655:C. porosus
1610:C. macloti
1574:C. leiodon
1512:C. coatesi
1504:C. cerdale
1432:C. altimus
832:References
822:vulnerable
805:mining in
795:pollutants
763:barramundi
734:dry season
714:viviparous
664:burrowing
661:Trypauchen
610:caudal fin
602:dorsal fin
598:dorsal fin
588:The large
583:gill slits
472:Queensland
447:G. glyphis
338:vulnerable
322:commercial
310:viviparous
279:dorsal fin
275:salinities
267:New Guinea
123:Subclass:
55:Vulnerable
8685:S. armata
8388:Squalidae
8292:Somniosus
8259:Scymnodon
7954:E. virens
7909:E. spinax
7828:E. perryi
7756:E. evansi
7624:C. nigrum
7404:M. parini
7292:D. calcea
7214:C. isodon
7013:Pliotrema
6910:Rhincodon
6587:H. henryi
6177:C. taurus
6033:I. paucus
5874:Alopiidae
5785:Hexanchus
5521:E. cookei
5512:E. brucus
5450:S. torrei
5300:S. tenuis
5264:S. bivius
5220:Poroderma
5078:H. regani
5022:H. pictus
5004:H. fuscus
4971:H. quagga
4908:H. clevai
4625:C. zebrum
4571:C. silasi
4544:C. pictum
4324:A. parvus
4291:A. analis
4280:Asymbolus
4222:A. riveri
4098:A. kampae
3925:T. obesus
3890:Scoliodon
3823:R. acutus
3799:P. glauca
3755:Negaprion
3731:Nasolamia
3683:Lamiopsis
3582:G. cuvier
3549:C. sorrah
3531:C. sealei
3450:C. leucas
3432:C. isodon
3378:C. cautus
3020:M. manazo
2984:M. henlei
2886:Iago Sp.A
2784:H. abdita
2736:G. galeus
2701:Furgaleus
2687:Triakidae
2653:S. tiburo
2626:S. lewini
2608:S. corona
2422:Eridacnis
2159:Subclass
2079:T. obesus
2035:Scoliodon
1968:R. acutus
1944:P. glauca
1900:Negaprion
1876:Nasolamia
1819:Lamiopsis
1722:G. cuvier
1682:C. sorrah
1664:C. sealei
1637:C. perezi
1583:C. leucas
1565:C. isodon
1495:C. cautus
1378:Subclass
1048:: 53–68.
801:area and
787:Fly River
779:crab pots
759:longlines
730:placental
674:threadfin
655:Taenoides
539:turbidity
528:Fly River
512:Ord River
498:. In the
393:zoologist
314:placental
263:Australia
175:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
9025:11113554
8981:FishBase
8973:46559842
8879:Q1650961
8873:Wikidata
8638:Squatina
8413:C. asper
8032:Oxynotus
7837:E. polli
7765:E. fusus
7564:A. nigra
7553:Aculeola
7518:S. aliae
7441:Isistius
7428:D. licha
7417:Dalatias
7268:C. uyato
6921:R. typus
6750:O. wardi
6687:O. halei
6571:H. galei
6322:B. waddi
6210:O. ferox
6066:L. nasus
5979:Lamnidae
5772:H. perlo
5659:H. zebra
5641:H. quoyi
5405:S. meadi
5120:P. bigus
5045:H. favus
4814:G. polli
4472:C. cooki
4143:A. manis
3788:Prionace
3742:N. velox
3045:M. mosis
3029:M. mento
2948:M. canis
2899:Mustelus
2712:F. macki
2662:S. tudes
2635:S. media
2573:Eusphyra
2398:Ctenacis
2331:P. tengi
2167:Selachii
2143:Chordata
2137:Animalia
2135:Kingdom
1933:Prionace
1887:N. velox
1386:Selachii
1368:Chordata
1362:Animalia
1360:Kingdom
1294:FishBase
1194:26445387
1154:PLOS ONE
755:gillnets
726:yolk sac
710:stingray
699:and the
606:anal fin
543:salinity
506:and the
488:Normanby
464:mangrove
348:Taxonomy
291:demersal
259:tropical
153:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
8999:5215567
8435:Squalus
7178:C. acus
6400:Nebrius
5884:Alopias
4715:G. arae
3950:Family
3707:Loxodon
3595:Glyphis
3267:Family
3159:Triakis
2749:Gogolia
2597:Sphyrna
2141:Phylum
2126:species
2122:Extant
1852:Loxodon
1735:Glyphis
1366:Phylum
1351:species
1347:Extant
1218:Glyphis
1185:4596488
1162:Bibcode
1083:Glyphis
1079:Glyphis
1042:Zootaxa
1038:Glyphis
814:habitat
803:uranium
692:croaker
683:gudgeon
564:of the
476:Wenlock
468:estuary
439:Glyphis
418:Glyphis
408:Britain
400:Glyphis
387:or the
381:stuffed
340:by the
334:habitat
213:, 1839)
168:Glyphis
163:Genus:
143:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
9116:277184
9090:741692
9077:277184
9064:571825
9038:160461
9012:101510
8947:247009
8929:ARKive
8611:Order
8352:Zameus
7281:Deania
7139:Order
6986:Order
6284:Order
6013:Isurus
5926:A. sp.
5857:Order
5687:Order
5549:Order
5474:Order
5333:S. boa
4695:Galeus
4662:Figaro
2508:Gollum
2181:Order
2153:Class
1390:Order
1372:Class
1265:27 May
1192:
1182:
1120:
996:
984:
946:
753:using
724:, the
718:embryo
681:, the
672:, the
666:gobies
650:prawns
551:marine
494:, and
482:, and
404:fossil
271:turbid
248:family
209:&
9111:WoRMS
9103:82453
9098:SPRAT
9051:39379
9020:IRMNG
8960:3GGF9
6046:Lamna
2124:shark
1223:(PDF)
701:bream
547:fresh
535:tidal
480:Ducie
306:tidal
255:tidal
211:Henle
9072:OBIS
9059:NCBI
9046:IUCN
9033:ITIS
8994:GBIF
8942:BOLD
2857:Iago
1267:2024
1190:PMID
1118:ISBN
1046:1233
994:ISBN
982:ISBN
944:ISBN
884:2021
867:2021
773:and
757:and
722:yolk
639:and
520:Daru
367:and
324:and
296:and
265:and
234:The
8986:888
8968:EoL
8955:CoL
8916:AFD
8903:ADW
1235:doi
1180:PMC
1170:doi
1050:doi
871:doi
789:in
749:by
658:or
514:of
492:Hey
320:in
9135::
9113::
9100::
9087::
9074::
9061::
9048::
9035::
9022::
9009::
8996::
8983::
8970::
8957::
8944::
8931::
8918::
8905::
8890::
8875::
1291:.
1257:.
1231:10
1229:.
1225:.
1202:^
1188:.
1178:.
1168:.
1158:10
1156:.
1152:.
1132:^
1100:^
1062:^
1044:.
1028:^
1005:^
958:^
925:54
923:.
907:^
865:.
859:.
839:^
668:,
652:,
530:.
490:,
478:,
430:.
410:,
344:.
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