70:
436:
298:) is found in North America. The developing wasps spend the winter in their nest. When the new generation of adults emerge, they contain the genetically programmed behaviors required to carry out another season of nest building. During the summer, a female might build as many as six nests, each with several compartments for her eggs. The building and provisioning of the nests takes place in a stereotypical, step-by-step fashion.
44:
446:
426:
example in cognitive theory as an indication of its rhetorical usefulness, not its factual accuracy. Of course, the repeated inspection of a disturbed nest may very well be an adaptive behavior, thus diminishing the aptness of
Hofstadter's metaphor.
308:
studies, not to count how many crickets it collects for its nest. Although the wasp instinctively searches for four crickets, it cannot take into account a lost cricket, whether the cricket has been lost to ants or flies or simply been misplaced.
276:
In preparation for egg laying, they construct a protected "nest" (some species dig nests in the ground, while others use pre-existing holes) and then stock it with captured insects. Typically, the prey are left alive, but
452:
450:
448:
451:
449:
1854:
411:
have used this mechanistic behavior as an example of how seemingly thoughtful behavior can actually be quite mindless, the opposite of free will (or, as
Dennett described it,
313:
drags its cricket prey towards its burrow by the antennae; if the antennae of the cricket are cut off, the wasp would not think to continue to pull its prey by a leg.
2261:
2300:
2039:
379:
quickly locates the moved prey, but now its behavioral "program" has been reset. After dragging the prey back to the opening of the nest, once again the
371:
first inspects the nest, leaving the prey outside. During the inspection, an experimenter can move the prey a few inches away from the opening. When the
2235:
2274:
447:
2400:
383:
is compelled to inspect the nest, so the prey is again dropped and left outside during another stereotypical inspection of the nest. This
1910:
1028:
182:
2047:
422:, citing experiments in which behavioral adaptations are observed after many iterations. Keijzer sees the persistence of the
2279:
2287:
2157:
2134:
2305:
2214:
2227:
2014:
240:
204:
2367:
69:
2395:
1008:
623:
523:
2087:
1609:
1357:
988:
847:
2336:
1789:
1729:
1699:
1679:
1378:
1247:
1217:
673:
603:
367:
wasps drop a paralyzed insect near the opening of the nest. Before taking provisions into the nest, the
2162:
1669:
1659:
1649:
1589:
1509:
1418:
1347:
1337:
1237:
897:
877:
747:
683:
653:
643:
613:
563:
473:
198:
2354:
2064:
1739:
1599:
1579:
1549:
1539:
1277:
1227:
1207:
1197:
1157:
1137:
1067:
1037:
927:
907:
837:
787:
777:
713:
543:
533:
513:
2315:
1819:
1808:
1629:
1529:
1499:
1489:
1469:
1459:
1439:
1257:
1187:
1127:
1107:
1047:
917:
817:
767:
757:
703:
593:
583:
573:
493:
1830:
1759:
1749:
1619:
1449:
1307:
1097:
968:
958:
867:
857:
827:
737:
693:
1779:
1769:
1639:
1569:
1559:
1479:
1428:
1408:
1398:
1317:
1287:
1167:
1117:
978:
948:
887:
807:
663:
633:
52:
1388:
1327:
1297:
1087:
1057:
723:
503:
2390:
1933:
1689:
1267:
1147:
1018:
404:
345:
294:
64:
2341:
483:
1519:
2323:
2266:
2183:
1906:
1077:
2015:"The Sphex story: How the cognitive sciences kept repeating an old and questionable anecdote"
2328:
1925:
937:
435:
391:
changing its sequence; by some accounts, endlessly. Dennett's argument quotes an account of
305:
1709:
396:
325:
2222:
2209:
797:
553:
408:
349:
329:
321:
1929:
2384:
2073:
1719:
1024:
998:
178:
1983:
Hofstadter, Douglas (1985). "On the seeming paradox of mechanizing creativity". In
1937:
1855:"Family Group Names and Classification: and taxa excluded from Sphecidae sensu lato"
190:
2188:
43:
2125:
2292:
2248:
2119:
1367:
1177:
375:
emerges from the nest ready to drag in the prey, it finds the prey missing. The
261:
121:
1996:
Dennett, Daniel (1973). "Mechanism and responsibility". In T. Honderich (Ed.),
1957:
Dennett, Daniel (1973). "Mechanism and responsibility". In T. Honderich (Ed.),
256:
2139:
2110:
2196:
384:
357:
278:
251:
161:
151:
101:
81:
17:
260:), though most apart from the Sphecinae have now been moved to the family
2170:
2149:
2104:
243:
131:
2362:
2240:
141:
57:
285:
toxins. The wasps lay their eggs in the provisioned nest and the wasp
2253:
2175:
111:
91:
2081:
2201:
2349:
444:
434:
286:
282:
226:
2085:
2069:- large format diagnostic photographs, wasp with katydid prey
2008:
2006:
2074:
356:
s behavior for their arguments about human and animal
250:
is one of many genera in the old digger wasp family
2094:
332:later studied female rivalry over nesting holes in
418:Philosopher Fred Keijzer challenges this use of
289:feed on the paralyzed insects as they develop.
1911:"Do Digger Wasps Commit the Concorde Fallacy?"
8:
2082:
387:can be repeated several times without the
42:
31:
1853:Pulawski, Wojciech J. (25 April 2021) .
1845:
2038:Pulawski, Wojciech (11 October 2021).
246:that sting and paralyze prey insects.
7:
2368:59BE495A-09F2-479B-8012-D02675B1789A
2355:40091D38-DC22-BC5B-C1A7-34F053B684EC
2316:6e892c1a-6f14-47a9-974f-7454a697882b
2228:9ffc3944-4bae-4747-b1e5-ae0e5640b855
1882:. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company.
25:
1895:(2nd Ed). Harmondsworth: Penguin.
1634:Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
1142:Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1831
802:Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
488:Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
1860:. California Academy of Sciences
68:
320:were studied by the ethologist
2048:California Academy of Sciences
292:The great golden digger wasp (
1:
2401:Biological pest control wasps
1930:10.1016/s0003-3472(80)80149-7
467:contains 132 extant species:
316:The navigation abilities of
1998:Essays on freedom of action
1959:Essays on freedom of action
732:Genaro & Juarrero, 2000
304:has been shown, as in some
264:. There are over 130 known
2417:
1972:The Machinery of the Brain
1033:– great golden digger wasp
2065:Great golden digger wasp
1878:Fabre, J.H. (1915/2001).
217:
212:
196:
189:
65:Scientific classification
63:
50:
41:
34:
1970:Dean Wooldridge (1963).
1342:Jha & Farooqui, 1996
219:More than 130; see text
1987:. Penguin. pp. 526–546.
1891:Tinbergen, N. (1974).
1423:Guérin-Méneville, 1843
812:Guérin-Méneville, 1838
460:
442:
401:Machinery of the Brain
2337:Paleobiology Database
2000:. London: Routledge.
1961:. London: Routledge.
1009:Sphex haemorrhoidalis
624:Sphex brevipetiolatus
524:Sphex argentatissimus
455:
438:
2223:Fauna Europaea (new)
1610:Sphex semifossulatus
1474:Dörfel and Ohl, 2015
1302:Giordani Soika, 1942
1132:Dörfel and Ohl, 2015
1102:Dörfel and Ohl, 2015
1042:Dörfel and Ohl, 2015
973:Dörfel and Ohl, 2015
944:– golden digger wasp
912:Dörfel and Ohl, 2015
872:Dörfel and Ohl, 2015
718:Dörfel and Ohl, 2015
638:Dörfel and Ohl, 2015
628:Dörfel and Ohl, 2015
528:Dörfel and Ohl, 2015
344:Some writers in the
1893:Curious naturalists
1614:Van der Vecht, 1973
1429:Sphex pensylvanicus
1358:Sphex nitidiventris
1202:Van der Vecht, 1973
989:Sphex guatemalensis
902:Van der Vecht, 1957
888:Sphex flavovestitus
848:Sphex ferrugineipes
678:Van der Vecht, 1973
235:(commonly known as
53:Sphex pensylvanicus
2067:Sphex ichneumoneus
1985:Metamagical themas
1907:Brockmann, H. Jane
1905:Dawkins, Richard;
1790:Sphex zubaidiyacus
1730:Sphex tinctipennis
1700:Sphex taschenbergi
1680:Sphex subtruncatus
1584:Schmid-Egger, 2019
1435:– great black wasp
1413:Gussakovskij, 1928
1379:Sphex observabilis
1272:Gussakovskij, 1930
1248:Sphex melanocnemis
1232:Schmid-Egger, 2019
1218:Sphex mandibularis
1112:Gussakovskij, 1938
1019:Sphex ichneumoneus
942:Gussakovskij, 1934
674:Sphex carbonicolor
604:Sphex brachystomus
461:
443:
405:Douglas Hofstadter
346:philosophy of mind
334:Sphex ichneumoneus
295:Sphex ichneumoneus
2378:
2377:
2324:Open Tree of Life
2088:Taxon identifiers
1880:The hunting wasps
1836:
1825:
1814:
1795:
1785:
1775:
1765:
1755:
1745:
1735:
1725:
1715:
1705:
1695:
1685:
1675:
1670:Sphex subhyalinus
1665:
1660:Sphex staudingeri
1655:
1650:Sphex stadelmanni
1645:
1635:
1625:
1624:(Fabricius, 1804)
1615:
1605:
1595:
1590:Sphex schoutedeni
1585:
1575:
1565:
1555:
1554:(R. Turner, 1918)
1545:
1535:
1534:(R. Turner, 1915)
1525:
1515:
1510:Sphex resplendens
1505:
1495:
1485:
1475:
1465:
1455:
1445:
1434:
1424:
1419:Sphex paulinierii
1414:
1404:
1394:
1384:
1383:(R. Turner, 1918)
1373:
1363:
1353:
1348:Sphex nigrohirtus
1343:
1338:Sphex neoumbrosus
1333:
1323:
1313:
1303:
1293:
1283:
1273:
1263:
1253:
1243:
1238:Sphex maximiliani
1233:
1223:
1213:
1203:
1193:
1183:
1173:
1163:
1153:
1143:
1133:
1123:
1113:
1103:
1093:
1083:
1078:Sphex jamaicensis
1073:
1063:
1053:
1052:Gerstaecker, 1871
1043:
1032:
1014:
1004:
994:
984:
974:
964:
954:
943:
933:
923:
913:
903:
898:Sphex formosellus
893:
883:
878:Sphex flavipennis
873:
863:
853:
843:
833:
823:
813:
803:
793:
783:
773:
763:
753:
748:Sphex darwinensis
743:
733:
719:
709:
699:
689:
684:Sphex castaneipes
679:
669:
659:
654:Sphex caliginosus
649:
644:Sphex caeruleanus
639:
629:
619:
614:Sphex brasilianus
609:
599:
589:
579:
578:(R. Turner, 1915)
569:
564:Sphex atropilosus
559:
549:
548:Taschenberg, 1869
539:
529:
519:
509:
499:
489:
479:
474:Sphex abyssinicus
453:
340:Use in philosophy
224:
223:
199:Sphex flavipennis
185:
16:(Redirected from
2408:
2371:
2370:
2358:
2357:
2345:
2344:
2332:
2331:
2319:
2318:
2309:
2308:
2296:
2295:
2293:NHMSYS0000876699
2283:
2282:
2270:
2269:
2257:
2256:
2244:
2243:
2231:
2230:
2218:
2217:
2205:
2204:
2192:
2191:
2179:
2178:
2166:
2165:
2153:
2152:
2143:
2142:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2083:
2053:
2052:
2044:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2019:
2010:
2001:
1994:
1988:
1981:
1975:
1968:
1962:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1918:Animal Behaviour
1915:
1902:
1896:
1889:
1883:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1859:
1850:
1834:
1823:
1812:
1793:
1783:
1773:
1763:
1753:
1743:
1740:Sphex tomentosus
1733:
1723:
1713:
1703:
1693:
1683:
1673:
1663:
1653:
1643:
1633:
1623:
1613:
1603:
1600:Sphex schrottkyi
1593:
1583:
1580:Sphex schlaeflei
1573:
1563:
1553:
1550:Sphex rufiscutis
1543:
1540:Sphex rufinervis
1533:
1523:
1513:
1503:
1493:
1483:
1473:
1463:
1453:
1443:
1432:
1422:
1412:
1402:
1392:
1382:
1371:
1361:
1351:
1341:
1331:
1321:
1311:
1301:
1291:
1281:
1278:Sphex mendozanus
1271:
1261:
1251:
1241:
1231:
1228:Sphex maroccanus
1221:
1211:
1208:Sphex malagassus
1201:
1198:Sphex madasummae
1191:
1181:
1171:
1161:
1158:Sphex leuconotus
1151:
1141:
1138:Sphex latreillei
1131:
1121:
1111:
1101:
1091:
1081:
1071:
1068:Sphex inusitatus
1061:
1051:
1041:
1038:Sphex imporcatus
1022:
1012:
1002:
992:
982:
972:
962:
952:
941:
938:Sphex funerarius
931:
928:Sphex fumipennis
921:
911:
908:Sphex fortunatus
901:
891:
881:
871:
861:
851:
841:
838:Sphex erythrinus
831:
821:
811:
801:
791:
788:Sphex diabolicus
781:
778:Sphex deplanatus
771:
761:
751:
741:
727:
717:
714:Sphex corporosus
707:
697:
687:
677:
667:
657:
647:
637:
627:
617:
607:
597:
587:
577:
567:
557:
547:
544:Sphex argentinus
537:
534:Sphex argentatus
527:
517:
514:Sphex antennatus
507:
497:
487:
477:
457:Sphex funerarius
454:
440:Sphex argentatus
306:Jean-Henri Fabre
177:
73:
72:
46:
32:
21:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2374:
2366:
2361:
2353:
2348:
2340:
2335:
2327:
2322:
2314:
2312:
2304:
2299:
2291:
2286:
2278:
2273:
2265:
2260:
2252:
2247:
2239:
2234:
2226:
2221:
2213:
2208:
2200:
2195:
2187:
2182:
2174:
2169:
2161:
2156:
2148:
2146:
2138:
2133:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2090:
2061:
2056:
2042:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2013:Keijzer, Fred.
2012:
2011:
2004:
1995:
1991:
1982:
1978:
1969:
1965:
1956:
1952:
1942:
1940:
1913:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1890:
1886:
1877:
1873:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1820:Sphex giganteus
1809:Sphex bischoffi
1803:
1798:
1744:Fabricius, 1787
1710:Sphex tepanecus
1630:Sphex servillei
1604:(Bertoni, 1918)
1530:Sphex rhodosoma
1504:(Fernald, 1906)
1500:Sphex resinipes
1490:Sphex pruinosus
1470:Sphex pretiosus
1460:Sphex praedator
1444:(Willink, 1951)
1440:Sphex permagnus
1292:R. Turner, 1910
1258:Sphex melanopus
1188:Sphex luctuosus
1128:Sphex latilobus
1108:Sphex kolthoffi
1072:Yasumatsu, 1935
1048:Sphex incomptus
1013:Fabricius, 1781
963:R. Turner, 1908
918:Sphex fumicatus
882:Fabricius, 1793
842:(Guiglia, 1939)
818:Sphex ephippium
768:Sphex decoratus
758:Sphex decipiens
752:R. Turner, 1912
742:(Fernald, 1906)
704:Sphex confrater
594:Sphex bohemanni
584:Sphex bilobatus
574:Sphex basilicus
558:(Fernald, 1906)
538:Fabricius, 1787
494:Sphex ahasverus
445:
433:
397:Dean Wooldridge
348:, most notably
342:
326:Richard Dawkins
274:
208:
202:
176:
67:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2414:
2412:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2396:Apoidea genera
2393:
2383:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2359:
2346:
2333:
2320:
2310:
2297:
2284:
2271:
2258:
2245:
2232:
2219:
2210:Fauna Europaea
2206:
2193:
2180:
2167:
2154:
2144:
2131:
2116:
2100:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2071:
2060:
2059:External links
2057:
2055:
2054:
2030:
2002:
1989:
1976:
1963:
1950:
1924:(3): 892–896.
1897:
1884:
1871:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1831:Sphex obscurus
1826:
1815:
1802:
1801:Fossil Species
1799:
1797:
1796:
1786:
1776:
1766:
1764:F. Smith, 1856
1760:Sphex vestitus
1756:
1754:F. Smith, 1873
1750:Sphex torridus
1746:
1736:
1726:
1716:
1714:Saussure, 1867
1706:
1704:Magretti, 1884
1696:
1686:
1676:
1666:
1656:
1646:
1636:
1626:
1620:Sphex sericeus
1616:
1606:
1596:
1586:
1576:
1566:
1556:
1546:
1536:
1526:
1516:
1506:
1496:
1486:
1476:
1466:
1464:F. Smith, 1858
1456:
1450:Sphex peruanus
1446:
1436:
1433:Linnaeus, 1763
1425:
1415:
1405:
1403:F. Smith, 1856
1395:
1385:
1375:
1374:– katydid wasp
1364:
1354:
1344:
1334:
1332:(Arnold, 1928)
1324:
1314:
1312:F. Smith, 1856
1308:Sphex modestus
1304:
1294:
1284:
1274:
1264:
1254:
1244:
1234:
1224:
1214:
1212:Saussure, 1890
1204:
1194:
1192:F. Smith, 1856
1184:
1182:Saussure, 1867
1174:
1172:Beaumont, 1956
1164:
1154:
1152:Erichson, 1849
1144:
1134:
1124:
1114:
1104:
1098:Sphex jucundus
1094:
1084:
1074:
1064:
1062:F. Smith, 1856
1054:
1044:
1034:
1015:
1005:
995:
985:
975:
969:Sphex gracilis
965:
959:Sphex gilberti
955:
945:
934:
932:F. Smith, 1856
924:
914:
904:
894:
892:F. Smith, 1856
884:
874:
868:Sphex flammeus
864:
858:Sphex finschii
854:
844:
834:
828:Sphex ermineus
824:
822:F. Smith, 1856
814:
804:
798:Sphex dorsalis
794:
792:F. Smith, 1858
784:
774:
772:F. Smith, 1873
764:
754:
744:
738:Sphex cubensis
734:
720:
710:
700:
698:F. Smith, 1856
694:Sphex cognatus
690:
680:
670:
660:
658:Erichson, 1849
650:
640:
630:
620:
618:Saussure, 1867
610:
600:
590:
580:
570:
560:
554:Sphex ashmeadi
550:
540:
530:
520:
518:F. Smith, 1856
510:
500:
490:
480:
478:(Arnold, 1928)
469:
432:
429:
409:Daniel Dennett
395:behavior from
350:Daniel Dennett
341:
338:
330:Jane Brockmann
322:Niko Tinbergen
273:
270:
222:
221:
215:
214:
210:
209:
203:
194:
193:
187:
186:
169:
165:
164:
159:
155:
154:
149:
145:
144:
139:
135:
134:
129:
125:
124:
119:
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
61:
60:
48:
47:
39:
38:
27:Genus of wasps
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2413:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2369:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2311:
2307:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2127:
2121:
2117:
2112:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2063:
2062:
2058:
2050:
2049:
2041:
2034:
2031:
2016:
2009:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1986:
1980:
1977:
1974:. McGraw-Hill
1973:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1912:
1908:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1881:
1875:
1872:
1856:
1849:
1846:
1840:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1782:
1781:
1780:Sphex wilsoni
1777:
1772:
1771:
1770:Sphex walshae
1767:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1752:
1751:
1747:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1734:Cameron, 1888
1732:
1731:
1727:
1724:Cresson, 1873
1722:
1721:
1720:Sphex texanus
1717:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1694:Tsuneki, 1974
1692:
1691:
1687:
1684:Dahlbom, 1843
1682:
1681:
1677:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1664:Gribodo, 1894
1662:
1661:
1657:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1642:
1641:
1640:Sphex solomon
1637:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1571:
1570:Sphex satanas
1567:
1562:
1561:
1560:Sphex rugifer
1557:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1481:
1480:Sphex prosper
1477:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1411:
1410:
1409:Sphex oxianus
1406:
1401:
1400:
1399:Sphex optimus
1396:
1393:Dahlbom, 1845
1391:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1372:Fernald, 1903
1370:
1369:
1365:
1362:Spinola, 1851
1360:
1359:
1355:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1319:
1318:Sphex muticus
1315:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1290:
1289:
1288:Sphex mimulus
1285:
1282:Brèthes, 1909
1280:
1279:
1275:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1262:Dahlbom, 1843
1260:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1222:Cresson, 1869
1220:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1169:
1168:Sphex libycus
1165:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1122:Mocsáry, 1883
1120:
1119:
1118:Sphex lanatus
1115:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1092:Cameron, 1910
1090:
1089:
1085:
1082:(Drury, 1773)
1080:
1079:
1075:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1001:
1000:
999:Sphex habenus
996:
993:Cameron, 1888
991:
990:
986:
981:
980:
979:Sphex gisteli
976:
971:
970:
966:
961:
960:
956:
953:Berland, 1927
951:
950:
949:Sphex gaullei
946:
940:
939:
935:
930:
929:
925:
920:
919:
915:
910:
909:
905:
900:
899:
895:
890:
889:
885:
880:
879:
875:
870:
869:
865:
860:
859:
855:
850:
849:
845:
840:
839:
835:
830:
829:
825:
820:
819:
815:
810:
809:
808:Sphex dorycus
805:
800:
799:
795:
790:
789:
785:
780:
779:
775:
770:
769:
765:
760:
759:
755:
750:
749:
745:
740:
739:
735:
731:
726:
725:
721:
716:
715:
711:
706:
705:
701:
696:
695:
691:
688:Dahlbom, 1843
686:
685:
681:
676:
675:
671:
666:
665:
664:Sphex camposi
661:
656:
655:
651:
646:
645:
641:
636:
635:
634:Sphex caelebs
631:
626:
625:
621:
616:
615:
611:
606:
605:
601:
598:Dahlbom, 1845
596:
595:
591:
586:
585:
581:
576:
575:
571:
566:
565:
561:
556:
555:
551:
546:
545:
541:
536:
535:
531:
526:
525:
521:
516:
515:
511:
506:
505:
501:
496:
495:
491:
486:
485:
481:
476:
475:
471:
470:
468:
466:
458:
441:
437:
430:
428:
425:
421:
416:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
361:
359:
355:
352:, have cited
351:
347:
339:
337:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
314:
312:
307:
303:
299:
297:
296:
290:
288:
284:
280:
271:
269:
267:
263:
259:
258:
253:
249:
245:
242:
238:
234:
233:
229:of the genus
228:
220:
216:
211:
206:
201:
200:
195:
192:
188:
184:
180:
175:
174:
170:
167:
166:
163:
160:
157:
156:
153:
150:
147:
146:
143:
140:
138:Superfamily:
137:
136:
133:
130:
127:
126:
123:
120:
117:
116:
113:
110:
107:
106:
103:
100:
97:
96:
93:
90:
87:
86:
83:
80:
77:
76:
71:
66:
62:
59:
55:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
2095:
2075:
2066:
2046:
2033:
2021:. Retrieved
1997:
1992:
1984:
1979:
1971:
1966:
1958:
1953:
1941:. Retrieved
1921:
1917:
1900:
1892:
1887:
1879:
1874:
1862:. Retrieved
1848:
1829:
1818:
1813:Zeuner, 1931
1807:
1788:
1784:Hensen, 1991
1778:
1774:Hensen, 1991
1768:
1758:
1748:
1738:
1728:
1718:
1708:
1698:
1688:
1678:
1674:W. Fox, 1899
1668:
1658:
1648:
1644:Hensen, 1991
1638:
1628:
1618:
1608:
1598:
1588:
1578:
1568:
1558:
1548:
1538:
1528:
1524:Hensen, 1991
1518:
1508:
1498:
1494:Germar, 1817
1488:
1478:
1468:
1458:
1448:
1438:
1427:
1417:
1407:
1397:
1389:Sphex opacus
1387:
1377:
1366:
1356:
1346:
1336:
1328:Sphex neavei
1326:
1316:
1306:
1298:Sphex mochii
1296:
1286:
1276:
1266:
1256:
1246:
1236:
1226:
1216:
1206:
1196:
1186:
1176:
1166:
1162:Brullé, 1833
1156:
1146:
1136:
1126:
1116:
1106:
1096:
1088:Sphex jansei
1086:
1076:
1066:
1058:Sphex ingens
1056:
1046:
1036:
1017:
1007:
997:
987:
983:Strand, 1916
977:
967:
957:
947:
936:
926:
922:Christ, 1791
916:
906:
896:
886:
876:
866:
856:
852:W. Fox, 1897
846:
836:
826:
816:
806:
796:
786:
776:
766:
756:
746:
736:
729:
724:Sphex cristi
722:
712:
702:
692:
682:
672:
668:Campos, 1922
662:
652:
642:
632:
622:
612:
602:
592:
582:
572:
562:
552:
542:
532:
522:
512:
504:Sphex alacer
502:
492:
482:
472:
464:
462:
456:
439:
423:
419:
417:
413:sphexishness
412:
400:
392:
388:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
362:
353:
343:
333:
317:
315:
310:
301:
300:
293:
291:
275:
265:
255:
247:
241:cosmopolitan
237:digger wasps
236:
231:
230:
225:
218:
197:
191:Type species
172:
171:
128:Infraorder:
51:
35:
29:
18:Sphexishness
2249:iNaturalist
2120:Wikispecies
1835:Statz, 1936
1794:Augul, 2013
1690:Sphex tanoi
1544:PĂ©rez, 1985
1368:Sphex nudus
1268:Sphex melas
1178:Sphex lucae
1148:Sphex latro
648:Drury, 1773
262:Crabronidae
158:Subfamily:
122:Hymenoptera
2385:Categories
1864:14 January
1841:References
1824:Heer, 1867
1654:Kohl, 1895
1594:Kohl, 1913
1574:Kohl, 1898
1564:Kohl, 1890
1514:Kohl, 1885
1484:Kohl, 1890
1454:Kohl, 1890
1352:Kohl, 1895
1322:Kohl, 1885
1252:Kohl, 1885
1242:Kohl, 1890
862:Kohl, 1890
832:Kohl, 1890
782:Kohl, 1895
762:Kohl, 1895
708:Kohl, 1890
608:Kohl, 1890
588:Kohl, 1895
568:Kohl, 1885
508:Kohl, 1895
498:Kohl, 1890
484:Sphex afer
463:The genus
257:sensu lato
102:Arthropoda
2391:Sphecidae
1520:Sphex rex
1003:Say, 1832
459:with prey
385:iteration
358:free will
279:paralyzed
272:Behaviour
268:species.
252:Sphecidae
244:predators
205:Fabricius
162:Sphecinae
152:Sphecidae
88:Kingdom:
82:Eukaryota
2171:BugGuide
2147:BioLib:
2105:Wikidata
1938:54319297
1909:(1980).
1025:Linnaeus
403:(1963).
213:Species
179:Linnaeus
148:Family:
132:Aculeata
98:Phylum:
92:Animalia
78:Domain:
2363:ZooBank
2267:1103656
2241:1311747
2111:Q311144
2040:"Sphex"
2023:19 July
1943:19 July
728:Genaro
431:Species
168:Genus:
142:Apoidea
118:Order:
112:Insecta
108:Class:
58:katydid
2342:152452
2329:381007
2313:NZOR:
2306:871001
2280:154326
2202:1SPEXG
1936:
354:Sphex'
287:larvae
239:) are
207:, 1793
2350:Plazi
2262:IRMNG
2254:48739
2215:68293
2150:70069
2140:Sphex
2126:Sphex
2096:Sphex
2076:Sphex
2043:(PDF)
2018:(PDF)
1934:S2CID
1914:(PDF)
1858:(PDF)
465:Sphex
424:Sphex
420:Sphex
393:Sphex
389:Sphex
381:Sphex
377:Sphex
373:Sphex
369:Sphex
365:Sphex
363:Some
318:Sphex
311:Sphex
302:Sphex
266:Sphex
248:Sphex
232:Sphex
227:Wasps
173:Sphex
56:on a
36:Sphex
2301:NCBI
2275:ITIS
2236:GBIF
2197:EPPO
2189:7KTP
2163:7618
2158:BOLD
2025:2015
1945:2015
1866:2022
1029:1758
407:and
328:and
283:wasp
183:1758
2288:NBN
2184:CoL
2176:224
2135:AFD
1926:doi
415:).
399:'s
281:by
2387::
2365::
2352::
2339::
2326::
2303::
2290::
2277::
2264::
2251::
2238::
2225::
2212::
2199::
2186::
2173::
2160::
2137::
2122::
2107::
2045:.
2005:^
1932:.
1922:28
1920:.
1916:.
1027:,
730:in
360:.
336:.
324:.
181:,
2051:.
2027:.
1947:.
1928::
1868:.
1828:â€
1817:â€
1806:â€
1031:)
1023:(
254:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
